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Background: In light of the multi-faceted challenges confronting health systems worldwide and the imperative to advance towards development goals, the contribution of health policy graduates is of paramount importance, facilitating the attainment of health and well-being objectives. This paper delineates a set of core skills and competencies that are requisite for health policy graduates, with the objective of preparing these graduates for a spectrum of future roles, including both academic and non-academic positions. Methods: The study was conducted in three phases: a scoping review, qualitative interviews and the validation of identified competencies through brainstorming with experts. In the initial phase, a scoping review was conducted on the databases. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar search engine. Additionally, the WebPages of universities offering health policy programmes were manually searched. In the second phase, 36 semi-structured interviews were conducted with students, graduates and distinguished academics from Iran and other countries. These interviews were conducted in person or via email. In the third phase, the draft version of the competencies and their associated learning objectives, derived from the preceding stages, was subjected to independent review by an expert panel and subsequently discussed. In light of the expert panel's findings, the authors undertook a subsequent revision of the list, leading to the finalization of the core competencies through a process of consensus. Results: In the scoping review phase, the analysis included six studies and nine university curricula. The results of the scoping review could be classified into five domains: health system understanding, health policy research, knowledge translation, multidisciplinary work and knowledge of public health. In the second phase, six core competencies were extracted from the interviews and combined with the results of the first phase, which were then discussed by the expert panel at the third phase. The final five core competencies, derived from the brainstorming session and presented in no particular order, encompass health policy research, policy analysis, educational competencies, decision-making and multidisciplinary work. Conclusions: It is essential that the curriculum is appropriate and contextually tailored, as this is crucial to foster multi-dimensional competencies that complement the specific disciplines of future health policy scholars. These scholars must possess the ability to genuinely serve their health systems towards achieving health-system goals and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the planned major revision of the ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education) Common Program Requirements, which aims to enhance graduate medical education by aligning with evolving needs and reducing administrative burden.

This article is a collection of personal reflections and tributes from scientists who worked with Richard W. Eppley, a renowned scientist in the field of biological oceanography. Eppley's research focused on phytoplankton and their role in biogeochemical processes. The article highlights his contributions to the field and his impact on his students and colleagues. Eppley's career spanned many scientific cruises and he was known for his integrity and curiosity about the ocean. The article also provides a biography of Eppley, describing his personal life and interests outside of his scientific work. [Extracted from the article]

The ability to effectively host a guest speaker is an important but underemphasized aspect of career development in the physiological and broader biomedical sciences. Currently, there is scant information available to guide early-career scientists through this multifaceted, subtlety-filled process. In this Personal View on Training and Mentoring, I first describe the importance and benefits of hosting visiting speakers. I then discuss the many considerations involved in selecting an appropriate speaker and how to formulate the invitation to present. The key activities involved in planning and preparing for a speaker's visit are described next, including information that must be obtained from the speaker, the logistics of travel and lodging, constructing an effective itinerary, food/meals, and how the presentation will be advertised. I then delve into the essential components of host responsibilities during the visit: best practices for introducing speakers, other hosting duties associated with the presentation, tips for enhancing trainee interactions with the speaker, and keys to properly completing the visit on the right note. I next discuss events occurring after the visit, including speaker expenses, reimbursements, and honoraria. Last, the distinct aspects of virtual visits (i.e., remote presentations and meetings) compared with in-person visits are noted. Overall, this viewpoint is intended to provide a comprehensive guide to successfully hosting a guest speaker that should help advance the professional development of students, postdoctoral fellows, and other early-stage investigators. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: This Personal View on Training and Mentoring provides a comprehensive guide to successfully hosting a guest speaker that should help inform and advance the professional development of students, postdoctoral fellows, and other early-stage investigators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ohio Physiological Society (OPS) recently held its 37th Annual Meeting at the Hilton Garden Inn in Perrysburg, Ohio. The meeting aimed to foster collaboration and exploration in the field of physiology among students and professionals. The event included various presentations and networking opportunities, and awards were given to top presenters. The report expresses gratitude to the American Physiological Society for their ongoing support of the OPS. [Extracted from the article]

I am often asked by students and younger colleagues and now by the editors of this issue to tell the history of the development of the in vitro motility assay and the dual-beam single-molecule laser trap assay for myosin-driven actin filament movement, used widely as key assays for understanding how both muscle and nonmuscle myosin molecular motors work. As for all discoveries, the history of the development of the myosin assays involves many people who are not authors of the final publications, but without whom the assays would not have been developed as they are. Also, early experiences shape how one develops ideas and experiments, and influence future discoveries in major ways. I ampleased here to trace my own path and acknowledge the many individuals involved and my early science experiences that led to the work I and my students, postdoctoral fellows, and sabbatical visitors did to develop these assays. Mentors are too often overlooked in historical descriptions of discoveries, and my story starts with those who mentored me. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States government makes a substantial investment in biomedical training programs each year. However, for most trainees, these opportunities do not translate into career progression in academic research pathways. Only about one-fifth of postdoctoral fellows eventually secure a tenure-track faculty position, and even among these candidates, attrition is high. Although a number of factors govern career choices and career longevity, the transition from trainee to faculty is a challenging process and requires knowledge and skills that are not necessarily developed during a traditional university experience. Many postdoctoral fellows receive adequate training in research skills and scientific communication, but new faculty report not being sufficiently prepared for the job search process and for starting their labs. To address this critical training gap, the ITERT core (Interdisciplinary Translational Education and Research Training) and the Office of Postdoctoral Fellows at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center implemented a structured course for both postdoctoral fellows and senior PhD students to provide formalized training for successfully navigating academic positions in biomedical research. Here we report on the pilot Navigating Academic Careers course conducted in 2021–2022 for 30 PhD students and postdocs. The nine-module course was conducted over 13 weeks in 25.5 h instructional sessions. The key educational objectives included 1) navigating the job application and the interview/negotiation process, 2) hiring, leading, and mentoring lab personnel and program support staff, 3) project administration and financial stewardship, 4) managing time and work-life balance and 5) developing collaborations, branding, personalized niche, and networking. Survey-based analysis at the time of the course was used to capture the participants' assessment of the course content, organization, and delivery, with a follow-up survey conducted approximately 2 years post-course (2024) to evaluate longer-term impacts of the training. Initial in-course assessment revealed that 89.9% of respondents found the scope and instructional content appropriate, and 91.1% found the course relevant and applicable to their career needs. Longer-term post-course evaluation indicated that 80% of respondents applied the learnings of the course, that 80% reported feeling more confident in navigating an academic job search, and that 66.6% continued to report agreement with the course preparing them for their current role/ongoing job search, with 46.7% already securing jobs in academic research, including as independent faculty. The outcomes of this pilot course suggest that integrating this into the broader postdoctoral training curriculum can enhance both the transition and early-career success of talented scientists-in-training into working professionals in biomedical careers, as faculty and science-trained staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major pre-award administrative challenge research universities face is turnaround time for generation of highquality NIH Data Training Tables for NIH training grants (e.g., T32, K12, TL1, KL2, R25s) which are required for training grant submission proposals to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Universities with dedicated training grant submission offices generally require data preparation following a structured timeline of several months in advance of the grant submission due date, while other universities with less or no dedicated support for training grant submissions use an ad hoc approach. In these cases, department or program administrators may collect the data manually, in Excel or REDCap, or similar manually maintained methods for those tables requested by the specific NIH grant announcement for the relevant participating graduate predoctoral and/or postdoctoral (including clinical) training programs across the university, depending on the training focus and the “participating faculty” provided by the proposed program director (PD/PI) for the grant. We describe an efficient “federated” method of data collection and construction for NIH Tables (2, 4, 5A/B, 6A/B & -8A part III/8C part III) for new and renewal applications by combining the use of REDCap and NIH xTRACT, leveraging the strengths of each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When and where was the study conducted: This work was done in 2018, 2019 and 2020 when Palma London was a PhD student at Caltech and Shai Vardi was a postdoc at Caltech. This work was also done in part while Palma London was visiting Purdue University, and while Reza Eghbali was a postdoctoral fellow the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing. Adam Wierman is a professor at Caltech. Article Summary and Talking Points: Please describe the primary purpose/findings of your article in 3 sentences or less. This paper presents a framework for accelerating (speeding up) existing convex program solvers. Across engineering disciplines, a fundamental bottleneck is the availability of fast, efficient, accurate solvers. We present an acceleration method that speeds up linear programing solvers such as Gurobi and convex program solvers such as the Splitting Conic Solver by two orders of magnitude. Please include 3-5 short bullet points of "Need to Know" items regarding this research and your findings. - Optimizations problems arise in many engineering and science disciplines, and developing efficient optimization solvers is key to future innovation. - We speed up linear programing solver Gurobi by two orders of magnitude. - This work applies to optimization problems with monotone objective functions and packing constraints, which is a common problem formulation across many disciplines. Please identify 2 pull quotes from your article that best capture the novelty and impact of your research. "We propose a framework for accelerating exact and approximate convex programming solvers for packing linear programming problems and a family of convex programming problems with linear constraints. Analytically, we provide worst-case guarantees on the run time and the quality of the solution produced. Numerically, we demonstrate that our framework speeds up Gurobi and the Splitting Conic Solver by two orders of magnitude, while maintaining a near-optimal solution." "Our focus in this paper is on a class of packing problems for which data is either very costly or hard to obtain. In these situations, the number of data points available is much smaller than the number of variables. In a machine-learning setting, this regime is increasingly prevalent because it is often advantageous to consider larger and larger feature spaces, while not necessarily obtaining proportionally more data." Article Implications - Please describe in 5 sentences or less the innovative takeaway(s) of your research.This framework applies to optimization problems with monotone objective functions and packing constraints, which is a common problem formulation across many disciplines, including machine learning, inference, and resource allocation. Providing fast solvers for these problems is crucial. We exploit characteristics of the problem structure and leverage statistical properties of the problem constraints to allow us to speed up optimization solvers. We present worst-case guarantees on run-time, and empirically demonstrate speedups of two orders of magnitude. - Please describe in 5 sentences or less why your findings would be of interest to the general public.Many problems in engineering, science, math, and machine learning involve solving an optimization problem. Fast, efficient optimization solvers are key to future innovation in science and engineering. This work presents a tool to accelerate existing convex solvers, and thus can also be applied to future solvers. As the size of datasets grow it is even more crucial to have fast solvers. - Who would be the most impacted by your research (i.e. by industry, job title, consumer category).Our work impacts machine-learning researchers and optimization researchers, in industry or academia. This paper presents a black-box framework for accelerating packing optimization solvers. Our method applies to packing linear programming problems and a family of convex programming problems with linear constraints. The framework is designed for high-dimensional problems, for which the number of variables n is much larger than the number of measurements m. Given an (m × n) problem, we construct a smaller (m × ϵ n) problem, whose solution we use to find an approximation to the optimal solution. Our framework can accelerate both exact and approximate solvers. If the solver being accelerated produces an α-approximation, then we produce a (1 − ϵ) / α 2 -approximation of the optimal solution to the original problem. We present worst-case guarantees on run time and empirically demonstrate speedups of two orders of magnitude. Funding: Financial support from the National Science Foundation [Grants AitF-1637598, CNS-151894, and CPS-154471] and the Linde Institute is gratefully acknowledged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on globalisation of world trade in combination with the use of information and communication technologies. Topics include organisational restructuring shatters the unity of the traditional workplace, both contractually and spatially; and implications of this are far-reaching, both for policy and for scholarship.

This document is a collection of news articles from the Chemistry & Industry journal. The articles highlight the achievements and contributions of various members of the SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) community. The members discuss their reasons for joining SCI, their involvement in committee work, the impact SCI has had on their careers, and their motivations for participating in SCI activities. The articles also mention the recipients of the Distinguished Service Award, which recognizes long-serving members of SCI. Additionally, the document announces that Reckitt, a multinational consumer goods company, has joined SCI's Corporate Partnership scheme. [Extracted from the article]

The Advanced Study Program (ASP) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research has supported the career development of postdoctoral fellows for over 60 years. This study of ASP alumni helps better understand their career paths and provides a window into the geoscience community. It examines career aspirations and job satisfaction, as well as experiences with mentoring and attitudes about diversity and inclusion in the workplace. While about half of ASP alumni today work in academia, job changes and pursuit of careers outside of academia are increasing. Former ASP participants are actively engaged in mentoring and are supportive of efforts in diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Alumni who identify as women reported feeling less supported by their employers in their career growth and in their service activities such as mentoring than alumni who identify as men. The study also found that women engage in a broader range of DEI activities and mentor more often out of altruistic reasons rather than as an expectation of their position. In addition to mastering research and teaching skills, future postdocs will need training in leadership, grant writing, DEI, and project management to succeed in today's geoscience workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to concerns regarding numerous complex issues facing the veterinary specialty profession, several organizations, including the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, have made a clarion call to the American Veterinary Medical Association to begin discussions surrounding the formation of an accrediting body for internships, residencies, and fellowships. A proposed name for such a body is the Accreditation Council on Graduate Veterinary Medical Education, in alignment with the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME); the term "graduate" refers to specialty education that occurs after the first 4 years of the MD or DVM degree. Although the structure and financing of graduate education differ between the human medical and veterinary professions, we can nevertheless learn much from the history of evolution of human medical specialization as we navigate the path ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Learning health systems require a workforce of researchers trained in the methods of identifying and overcoming barriers to effective, evidence‐based care. Most existing postdoctoral training programs, such as NIH‐funded postdoctoral T32 awards, support basic and epidemiological science with very limited focus on rigorous delivery science methods for improving care. In this report, we present the 10‐year experience of developing and implementing a Delivery Science postdoctoral fellowship embedded within an integrated health care delivery system. Methods: In 2012, the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research designed and implemented a 2‐year postdoctoral Delivery Science Fellowship research training program to foster research expertise in identifying and addressing barriers to evidence‐based care within health care delivery systems. Results: Since 2014, 20 fellows have completed the program. Ten fellows had PhD‐level scientific training, and 10 fellows had clinical doctorates (eg, MD, RN/PhD, PharmD). Fellowship alumni have graduated to faculty research positions at academic institutions (9), and research or clinical organizations (4). Seven alumni now hold positions in Kaiser Permanente's clinical operations or medical group (7). Conclusions: This delivery science fellowship program has succeeded in training graduates to address delivery science problems from both research and operational perspectives. In the next 10 years, additional goals of the program will be to expand its reach (eg, by developing joint research training models in collaboration with clinical fellowships) and strengthen mechanisms to support transition from fellowship to the workforce, especially for researchers from underrepresented groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Doctoral students experience decreased well-being during their educational experience. Selfcompassion, engagement in meaningful occupations, and occupational balance positively impact wellbeing in individuals. This study examined the relationships between these constructs in postprofessional occupational science and occupational therapy students. Method: This quantitative cross-sectional study collected national survey data (N = 113) using the Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form, the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey, the Occupational Balance Questionnaire 11, and the 14-item Scales of General Well-Being. Multiple linear regression analysis determined how well each construct predicted general well-being and the strength of each construct's relationship compared to other constructs. Results: The model of combined variables was significant, F(3, 104) = 36.22, p < .001, accounting for 51.1% of the general well-being variance. All predictors were significant, with the self-compassion standardized coefficient beta being largest (ß = .39), followed by engagement in meaningful occupations (ß = .38), and occupational balance (ß = .16). Conclusion: Self-compassion, engagement in meaningful occupations, and occupational balance predicts well-being in postprofessional students, which is consistent with previously known relationships. The participants' understanding of foundational tenants of occupational science and occupational therapy may have helped mitigate further decline in their well-being, confirming the power of occupation to positively impact well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The residency application process is a critical time for medical students. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted changes to the residency recruitment procedures with the conversion of interviews to a virtual format. For medical school advisors guiding students on an all-virtual residency application process brought uncertainty to their advising practices. Thus, this study aimed to identify advising practices during the 2021 virtual application cycle. Methods: We administered an IRB-exempt national survey through the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine to 186 internal medicine core/co-/associate/assistant clerkship directors and sub-internship directors representing 140 Liaison Committee on Medical Educationaccredited U.S./U.S.-territory-based medical schools in spring 2021. The 23-question survey was designed and pilot-tested by faculty-educators and leaders with expertise in undergraduate medical education. Data analysis included paired t- and z-tests and thematic analysis of open-ended questions. Results: The institutional response rate was 67% (93/140) and individual rate 55% (103/186). Half of the respondents felt prepared/very prepared (40% and 13% respectively) for their advising roles. Compared to pre-pandemic cycles, respondents advised a typical student in the middle-third of their class at their institution to apply to more residency programs (mean 24 programs vs 20, p < 0.001) and accept more interviews (mean 14 interviews vs 12, p < 0.001). Sixty-three percent (64/101) of respondents spent more time on student advising; 51% (51/101) reported more students asked them for informal advice. Fifty-nine percent (60/101) of respondents reported their advisees were able to assess a residency program 'somewhat well;' 31% (31/101) expressed that residency recruitment should remain entirely virtual in the future. Conclusion: The transition to virtual residency recruitment due to COVID-19 prompted advising practices that may have contributed to application inflation and increased advising workload. Future studies should explore longitudinal outcomes of virtual interviews on student success to guide best practices in how to advise students during residency recruitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Each year, millions of school-aged children and teens experience grief and loss (Judi's, 2023). This conceptual article describes the impact of grief and loss on school-aged children and the need to integrate grief and loss training into CACREP-accredited programs through the eight-core CACREP areas. Using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the authors will highlight how counselor educators can infuse content to address grief and loss with preservice school counselors holistically across the various systems surrounding the student in each CACREP core area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a profile of Wanderley de Souza, a parasitologist from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) in Brazil. De Souza has made significant contributions to the study of pathogenic protozoa and has been recognized for his work with prestigious awards and memberships. In his Inaugural Article, de Souza discusses the advancements in microscopy that have allowed for the discovery of protozoan cell structures and potential drug targets for antiparasitic therapies. The profile also highlights de Souza's background, education, and collaborations with other scientists throughout his career. The article discusses the contributions of W. de Souza and his colleagues in the field of cryogenic electron microscopy and other methods in studying the cell structures and biology of pathogenic protozoa. They have made significant advancements in understanding the cell surface, organelles, and endocytic pathways of protozoa such as T. cruzi and G. intestinalis. De Souza has also been involved in educating others and has mentored numerous students and trainees. He has raised funds for the construction of a new building and the installation of a cryotomography electron microscope in Brazil, which has enhanced their research capabilities. [Extracted from the article]

Background: When viewed internationally, Germany boasts a high rate of doctoral candidates. Fields such as medicine and life sciences have a notably high proportion of doctoral students, a trend rooted in historical factors. Despite this, comprehensive empirical studies concerning the doctoral phase and early-career researchers, especially in relation to the rise of structured doctoral programmes, have only recently gained traction. Methods: We present findings from a project investigating young scientists in medicine and life sciences. Postdoctoral graduates from these disciplines were examined both quantitatively and qualitatively within the E-Prom projects, emphasizing the primary domain of research. Results: Our analysis indicates some benefits of structured doctoral programmes over traditional individual doctorates. However, the disparities between these doctoral approaches are less pronounced than anticipated. We also identified discrepancies between the programme descriptions and their actual execution. Integration into the scientific community and research-related self-efficacy are potential indicators of publication output and inclination towards a scientific career. Physicians exhibited lower research-related self-efficacy and a lesser tendency towards a scientific career than biologists. Notably, we found gender disparities disadvantaging female graduates, with these disparities being more marked in medicine. Conclusions: There is evidence to suggest that official representations of structured doctoral programmes do not always align with their practical applications, limiting their potential effectiveness. Therefore, resources should be allocated to ensure the consistent execution of these programmes. Given the empirical evidence supporting the benefits of community integration for junior researchers, efforts should be made to facilitate their networking. Additionally, our findings emphasize the necessity of providing enhanced support for young female scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Recently, the National Council on Disability urged the Commission on Dental Accreditation to require more thorough training in the care of developmentally disabled patients. Curricula is early in its development and its' effectiveness is unknown. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine if special needs dental education has had an impact on providers' professional behavior, practice characteristics, attitudes, and confidence when treating these patients and managing their dental anxiety. Methods. A nonrandomized, noninterventional, and anonymous, Qualtrics survey was administered prospectively to members of one local and one national organization. Results. Of the 107 respondents (response rate of 81.06%), 89% treat special needs patients. Positive reinforcement (88.64%), distraction (85.23%), and enhancing control (85.23%) were the modalities most used by these participants. Regarding treating this population, the average response regarding both confidence and wanting to learn more fell between disagree and agree at 2.92, while the average response regarding concern about safety fell between agree and strongly agree at 3.22. Level of specific expertize had the strongest influence on a provider's decision to treat, while reimbursement level had the least influence. Among participants who completed postdoctoral education, the average response for how well their education prepared them to manage patients with special needs was higher for their postdoctoral training compared to their dental school training, with pediatric dentists reporting the highest rate of preparation. No correlation was found between year of dental school graduation and how well they felt their education prepared them for treating this population. Significance level was set at 5%. Conclusion. Dental education can have a significant impact on dentists' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and confidence about treating those with developmental disabilities and managing their dental anxiety. Acknowledging that this relationship exists should encourage educational improvements in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We share insights from a mixed methods study to describe the experience of educational developers participating in a community of practice (CoP). This CoP consisted of 19 leaders at eight institutions, serving collectively as facilitators of a hybrid, across-institutional, seven-week workshop series on course design for graduate students and postdoctoral scholars. From results of a survey examining the functional and sustaining features of the community, we illustrate that members experience the community aspect of our CoP primarily as a sense of satisfaction/ personal fulfillment and, to an extent, in the effectiveness/productiveness of collaborations between members. Members of our CoP experience several community-related benefits specific to their across-institution collaborations. We demonstrate the importance of members' sense of belonging, overall professional development, and well-being for sustaining our CoP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jenő Bangó (1934-2023) was a Hungarian sociologist and academic who made significant contributions to the field of sociology. He was born in Szombathely and joined the scout movement as a schoolboy, which greatly influenced his interest in social processes. After facing disciplinary action in Budapest, he continued his education and eventually obtained a doctorate degree. He taught at various universities and shared his research findings in the fields of sociology of knowledge, sociology of values, and social pedagogy. Bangó was also an active member of the International Advisory Board of the social science journal Belvedere Meridionale. He received recognition for his work in education and his wise insights will be remembered. [Extracted from the article]

Biomedical graduate student and postdoctoral education and training research has expanded greatly over the last seven decades, leading to increased publications and the emergence of a field. The goal of this study was to analyze this growth by performing a cross-sectional bibliometric analysis using a systematic approach to better understand the publishing trends (including historical vs. emerging themes and research priorities); depth, structure, and evidence-basis of content; and venues for publication. The analysis documented a dramatic increase in biomedical trainee-related publications over time and showed that this area of research is maturing into its own independent field. Results demonstrated that the most frequently published article types in this field are shorter editorial and opinion pieces, and that evidence-based articles are less numerous. However, if current trends continue, projections indicate that by the year 2035, evidence-based articles will be the dominating article type published in this field. Most frequently published topics included career outcomes and workforce characterization and professional development. In recent years, the most cited articles were publications focused on diversity, equity, and inclusion, career outcomes and workforce characterization, and wellness. This study also shows that although a small subset of journals publishes most of this literature, publications are distributed diffusely across a wide range of journals and that surprisingly 68% of these journals have published only a single article on the topic. Further, we noted that the assignment of author- and index-supplied keywords was variable and inconsistent and speculate that this could create challenges to conducting comprehensive literature searches. Recommendations to address this include establishing standard keyword assignment criteria and proposing new index-supplied keywords to improve accessibility of research findings. These changes will be important for bringing visibility of this literature to our community, institutional leaders, national trainee organizations, and funding agencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1998, I was asked by the American Physiological Society to review a book written by Dr. Michael de Burgh Daly, Peripheral Arterial Chemoreceptors and Respiratory-Cardiovascular Integration. Inspired by this work, I came to appreciate how researchers in the later stages of their careers and who provide a detailed review of their experimental approach might effectively contribute to science, especially to the benefit of young scientists (Yu J. The Physiologist 41: 231, 1998.). This article is written in that vein. Over several decades of intensive investigation of cardiopulmonary reflexes, focused on the sensory receptors, my colleagues and I advanced a novel multiple-sensor theory (MST) to explain the role of the vagal mechanosensory system. Described here is our research journey through various stages of developing MST and the process of how the problem was identified, approached, and tackled. MST redefines conventional mechanosensor doctrines and is supported by new studies that clarify a century of research data. It entails reinterpretation of many established findings. Hopefully, this article will benefit young scientists, such as graduate and postdoctoral students in the cardiopulmonary sensory research field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Colombiana de Psicologia is the property of Universidad Catolica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this interview with Hugo Radice, John Holloway and Sol Picciotto (early Conference of Socialist Economists (CSE) members) conducted by Edith González, Panagiotis Doulos and Milena Rodríguez Aza (postdoctoral and PhD students from the Benemérita Autonomous University of Puebla, Mexico), we find a reflection on the CSE early days and a recalling of significant debates among CSE members exploring their relevance today. Above all, Clarke's CSE fellows tell us what it meant to be a socialist economist working together with Simon Clarke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dietitians are viewed as integral members of the multidisciplinary treatment team for people with eating disorders (EDs). However, low levels of perceived confidence, competence, and willingness to practice in this clinical area, have been reported by dietitians and student dietitians. As the extent of ED-specific knowledge and skills-based training within tertiary accredited dietetic programs is currently unknown, this research aimed to: (1) obtain insights into the current ED-specific knowledge base and training content of dietetic curricula in both Australian and New Zealand universities; (2) understand the perspectives of course convenors regarding the role of dietitians in ED treatment and their employment opportunities; and (3) identify gaps and opportunities for improving university programs and the dietetic workforce. Methods: Course convenors (or their nominated representative) of Australian and New Zealand accredited dietetic programs were invited to participate in a semi-structured virtual interview. A purpose-built question guide was developed to explore the inclusion and/or integration of ED-specific content into the curricula, and the perspectives of course convenors toward the role of dietitians in the treatment of EDs, and their employment opportunities. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed qualitatively using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Thirteen participants who represented 14 universities and 19 individual accredited dietetic programs, were interviewed, with some participants representing more than one university. Three dominant themes emerged: (1) varying ED-specific content and training in dietetic programs; (2) unclear dietitian's role in the treatment of EDs, and (3) contrasting views regarding ED clinical practice and employment. Conclusions: ED-specific content was embedded within all the dietetic programs investigated in this study. However, this content was generally limited to an introductory level, with notable variations found between the depth of content and the type of training provided. Risk-mitigation skill development, such as screening for EDs, and early identification of symptoms, also varied between programs. Therefore, it is recommended that ED-specific skill development and knowledge is enhanced within Australian and New Zealand university programs, to support effective, safe, and timely care for people with EDs. This research has implications for current and future university dietetic program development and the broader dietetic workforce. Plain English summary: Dietitians are viewed as essential team members in providing care for people with eating disorders (EDs). Previous studies have reported that dietitians and student dietitians perceive lower levels of confidence to work in this area. Appropriate training at university and post-graduation has been identified as one strategy to improve clinician confidence. However, the type and amount of training currently received are unknown. This study aimed to: (1) obtain insights into the current ED-specific knowledge-base and training content of dietetic curricula in both Australian and New Zealand universities; (2) understand the perspectives of course convenors regarding the role of dietitians in ED treatment and their employment opportunities; and (3) identify gaps and opportunities for improving university programs and the dietetic workforce. Thirteen representatives from 14 universities offering 19 different accredited programs were interviewed, and three main themes emerged: (1) varying ED-specific content and training in dietetic programs; (2) unclear dietitian's role in the treatment of EDs, and (3) contrasting views regarding ED clinical practice and employment. It is recommended that ED-specific skill development and knowledge be enhanced within Australian and New Zealand university programs, to support effective, safe, and timely care for people with EDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predatory publishers—those who do not adhere to rigorous standards of academic practice such as peer review—are increasingly infiltrating biomedical databases, to the detriment of the wider scientific community. These publishers frequently send unsolicited 'spam' emails to generate submission to their journals, with early career researchers (ECR) particularly susceptible to these practices because of pressures such as securing employment and promotion. This analysis sought to record and characterize the emails received over the course of a PhD and post‐doctoral position (~8 years), as well as attempts to unsubscribe from such emails, using a progressive and step‐wise manner. A total of 1,280 emails identified as academic spam were received (990 journal invitations, 220 conference invitations, 70 'other'). The first email was received 3 months after registration for an international conference. Attempts at unsubscribing were somewhat effective, whereby implications of reporting to respective authorities resulted in a 43% decrease in emails, although did not eliminate them completely, and therefore alternative approaches to eliminating academic spam may be needed. Ongoing education about predatory publishers, as well as action by key academic stakeholders, should look to reduce the impact these predatory publishers have upon the wider literature base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of novice nurse faculty's socialization to academia. BACKGROUND Socialization is a process that enables individuals to acquire the inherent roles, standards, rules, and values inherent of a group. Given the complexity of the faculty role, socialization is essential for novice nurse educators. METHOD A descriptive, qualitative study was conducted employing Colaizzi's phenomenological method of data analysis. RESULTS Eight themes emerged: lack of structure, the blind spot, distinctive experiences, acceptance and validation, continually evolving--learning as you go, the wish list, new role challenges, and self-revelation. CONCLUSION These findings increase our understanding of the challenges experienced by novice nursing faculty as they are socialized to their new roles. The findings can inform strategies to improve the socialization experience and faculty retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a global and multifaceted impact on public health. Marginalized and vulnerable populations, such as college students and postdoctoral fellows with disabilities or pre-existing conditions, are being disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Various barriers contribute to an individual's intentions to seek mental health help, but with COVID-19's unprecedented permeability, more research is needed to support this student population. This phenomenological study explored the coping strategies and help-seeking behaviors of college students and postdoctoral fellows with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews from fall 2020 (n = 36) and spring 2021 (n = 28), a thematic analysis was conducted. The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping was used to triangulate findings, to better understand the relationship between perceived stressors, coping mechanisms, and psychological outcomes. The findings show that (1) college students with disabilities coped in multiple ways (i.e., behavioral, relational, and mental), with some noting improvements in their coping abilities by spring, and (2) stigma prevented college students with disabilities from seeking help when needed. These findings emphasize the need for higher education to address ableism and use factors beneficial to fostering resiliency (i.e., social support, optimism, and self-advocacy) among college students with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germany is one of the most important host countries for internationally mobile students and academics. In comparison to students and academic personnel, however, international professors are underrepresented. The research project "International Academics at German Universities: From Postdoc to Professorship" explores the hurdles faced by international academics in making the transition from postdoc to professorship at German universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These programs should additionally have a particular focus on mentorship of Black female scholar-activists working in the field of maternal health inequities. Black women are disproportionately impacted by chronic illness and are significantly more likely to experience severe morbidity and mortality as a consequence of pregnancy and childbirth.[[1]] As seen in a myriad of stories on maternal death and "near misses", Black women often experience maltreatment in clinical settings.[[3], [5]] With rising national media and scientific attention to the depth of racial inequities, Black maternal health has emerged as a priority for government and private funders.[[6], [8]] Providing financial support for maternal health research and programming is necessary, but insufficient, in eliminating disparate outcomes. Modeling the success of other heavily invested pipeline mentorship and training programs, increased support of burgeoning Black maternal health scholar-activists may help mitigate this issue. [Extracted from the article]

This Viewpoint was written in association with the 25th anniversary of the American Society for Clinical Investigation's (ASCI's) Stanley J. Korsmeyer Award, which honors the highest standards of scientific excellence, meritorious research, intellectual integrity, and the mentoring of future life-science researchers. In 2018, the award recognized Joseph Heitman (Figure 1), for his key contributions to our understanding of how eukaryotic microbial pathogens evolve, cause disease, and develop drug resistance and his discovery of TOR and FKBP12 as targets of the immunosuppressive chemotherapeutic drug rapamycin. Dr. Heitman has mentored numerous undergraduates, medical students, graduate students, and postdoctoral and medical fellows, many of whom have developed independent careers in medicine and basic biomedical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since implementing the postdoctoral system in China, the number and quality of postdocs have improved greatly. Under the policy of creating world-class universities, most universities have focused unprecedentedly on recruiting postdoctoral fellows, and the management regulations for postdocs have become increasingly diverse. Through in-depth interviews with postdoctoral fellows at three universities in a metropolitan city, we found that postdoctoral roles have been multidimensional and sometimes conflicting, including the quasi-role of university teacher, the rigid role of independent researcher, the inertial role of student and the unofficial role of associate supervisor. Sociocultural norms, institutional contexts, and professional community shape these role identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Trabajo Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Taiwan, the formal education for cultivating medical radiation technologists began in 1965. However, there are very few dental radiology curricula in Taiwan's medical radiology schools. We investigated mainly the appearance of dental radiology education for medical radiology students in Taiwan. We used documentary analysis, a survey of dental radiology education, and secondary data analysis in this study to find the appearance of Taiwan's dental radiology education for medical radiology students. There were currently ten medical radiology schools. Among them, five offered independent curricula in their subject schedules and another five had dental radiology education included in their general medical radiology curricula. Of the 53 dental radiology teaching hospitals, 21 (39.62%) were medical centers and 25 (47.17%) were regional hospitals, and these large hospitals were concentrated in the northern region of Taiwan. These large dental radiology teaching hospitals offered more training hours of dental radiology internship for medical radiology students and had a higher availability for the medical radiology students. In Taiwan, the current status of dental radiology curricula in the medical radiology schools is indeed seriously insufficient. A dental radiology education system should be established in the future, including the innovative dental radiology curricula developed for medical radiology students and more dental radiology curricula designed for dental students. This in turn can create new career options for medical radiology students and new practice directions for medical radiation technologists, and then expand their potential involvement in dental radiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This descriptive study reports the early career outcomes of postdoctoral fellows who completed a novel embedded fellowship training program, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Health System Impact (HSI) Fellowship. The program was designed to support impact-oriented career paths of doctoral graduates, build research capacity within health system organizations (HSOs), and help to advance learning health systems (LHSs) in Canada. Methods: Employment of fellowship alumni upon completion of the program was tracked using internet searches of publicly accessible online sources and complemented with program survey data. Results: Descriptive analyses show that all 87 eligible alumni included in the study are currently employed (100% of 87), with 92% employed in Canada. Their employment spans several sectors, including in academic (37%), public (29%), healthcare delivery (17%), and private (14%) sectors. Altogether, 32% of alumni hold hybrid roles with an affiliation in academia and another sector. The most common position types are senior scientist (42%), professorships (18%), and director, manager or administrator roles (12%). Program reporting data indicate that these employment outcomes are generally consistent with the group's career aspirations reported at the start of the fellowship program, and that the program receives high ratings from fellows in the extent it is believed to support their career preparedness and readiness (4.49 out of 5). Conclusion: This study finds that HSI Fellow alumni are employed mostly in research-related roles in a range of sectors including, but not limited to, academia, and that they positively perceive the program's success in elevating their career readiness and potential to make an impact - suggesting that the program may help equip fellows with the skills, readiness and networks for contribution in a broad array of employment sectors and roles. The findings are a promising signal of the demand for research talent and the growing capacity for LHSs in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy & Peace is the property of Ihsan Dogramaci Peace Foundation, Center for Foreign Policy & Peace Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Substance Use Disorders (SUD) are one of the biggest public health problems nationally and globally. It is necessary to provide specific educating programs about SUDs. The purpose of this study was to integrate some trainings which are related to substance use disorders in general medicine education. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental and pre-test post-test intervention research. Participants were 114 students studying at different stages of medical education at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. The training program was designed based on the training model of David Kern. Training was integrated into pharmacology, psychology, poisoning and forensic medicine courses. The present researchers organized a life skill workshop for third-semester medical students. The students visited an addiction treatment exhibition during community medicine externship as well. Assessment tools included questionnaires to assess knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Result: In all interventions, the mean score of knowledge and knowledge self-assessment increased significantly after the intervention (p<0.001). Students' attitudes about the curriculum were favorable. Satisfaction of the majority of students about the program was high. The highest level of satisfaction was related to the internship addiction emergency program. Conclusion: The positive effect of all interventions on the perception, attitude, and satisfaction of medical students emphasized that modifying the medical educational curriculum through considering the pattern, content, and results of the interventions can be very effective in improving the performance of physicians in the field of addiction management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on globalisation of world trade in combination with the use of information and communication technologies. Topics include political economy, the sociology of work, organisational theory, economic geography; and combining theoretical analysis with the results of empirical research.