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1,233 results on '"P A, van den Heuvel"'

3. Characteristics and outcome of synchronous bilateral Wilms tumour in the SIOP WT 2001 Study: Report from the SIOP Renal Tumour Study Group (SIOP-RTSG)

Author

Sudour-Bonnange, Hélène, van Tinteren, Harm, Ramírez-Villar, Gema L., Godzinski, Jan, Irtan, Sabine, Gessler, Manfred, Chowdhury, Tanzina, Audry, Georges, Fuchs, Joerg, Powis, Mark, van de Ven, Cornelis P., Okoye, Bruce, Smeulders, Naima, Vujanic, Gordan M., Verschuur, Arnaud, L’Herminé-Coulomb, Aurore, de Camargo, Beatriz, de Aguirre Neto, Joaquim Caetano, Schenk, Jens Peter, van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Mary M., Pritchard-Jones, Katy, Graf, Norbert, Bergeron, Christophe, and Furtwängler, Rhoikos

Published
2024
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5. Smaller total and subregional cerebellar volumes in posttraumatic stress disorder: a mega-analysis by the ENIGMA-PGC PTSD workgroup

Author

Huggins, Ashley A, Baird, C Lexi, Briggs, Melvin, Laskowitz, Sarah, Hussain, Ahmed, Fouda, Samar, Haswell, Courtney, Sun, Delin, Salminen, Lauren E, Jahanshad, Neda, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Veltman, Dick J, Frijling, Jessie L, Olff, Miranda, van Zuiden, Mirjam, Koch, Saskia BJ, Nawjin, Laura, Wang, Li, Zhu, Ye, Li, Gen, Stein, Dan J, Ipser, Jonathan, Seedat, Soraya, du Plessis, Stefan, van den Heuvel, Leigh L, Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin, Zhu, Xi, Kim, Yoojean, He, Xiaofu, Zilcha-Mano, Sigal, Lazarov, Amit, Neria, Yuval, Stevens, Jennifer S, Ressler, Kerry J, Jovanovic, Tanja, van Rooij, Sanne JH, Fani, Negar, Hudson, Anna R, Mueller, Sven C, Sierk, Anika, Manthey, Antje, Walter, Henrik, Daniels, Judith K, Schmahl, Christian, Herzog, Julia I, Říha, Pavel, Rektor, Ivan, Lebois, Lauren AM, Kaufman, Milissa L, Olson, Elizabeth A, Baker, Justin T, Rosso, Isabelle M, King, Anthony P, Liberzon, Isreal, Angstadt, Mike, Davenport, Nicholas D, Sponheim, Scott R, Disner, Seth G, Straube, Thomas, Hofmann, David, Qi, Rongfeng, Lu, Guang Ming, Baugh, Lee A, Forster, Gina L, Simons, Raluca M, Simons, Jeffrey S, Magnotta, Vincent A, Fercho, Kelene A, Maron-Katz, Adi, Etkin, Amit, Cotton, Andrew S, O’Leary, Erin N, Xie, Hong, Wang, Xin, Quidé, Yann, El-Hage, Wissam, Lissek, Shmuel, Berg, Hannah, Bruce, Steven, Cisler, Josh, Ross, Marisa, Herringa, Ryan J, Grupe, Daniel W, Nitschke, Jack B, Davidson, Richard J, Larson, Christine L, deRoon-Cassini, Terri A, Tomas, Carissa W, Fitzgerald, Jacklynn M, Blackford, Jennifer Urbano, Olatunji, Bunmi O, Kremen, William S, Lyons, Michael J, Franz, Carol E, Gordon, Evan M, May, Geoffrey, Nelson, Steven M, Abdallah, Chadi G, Levy, Ifat, and Harpaz-Rotem, Ilan

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Mind and Body, Mental Illness, Anxiety Disorders, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Mental health, Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Cerebellum, Female, Male, Adult, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, White Matter, Gray Matter, Organ Size, Deep Learning, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Although the cerebellum contributes to higher-order cognitive and emotional functions relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), prior research on cerebellar volume in PTSD is scant, particularly when considering subregions that differentially map on to motor, cognitive, and affective functions. In a sample of 4215 adults (PTSD n = 1642; Control n = 2573) across 40 sites from the ENIGMA-PGC PTSD working group, we employed a new state-of-the-art deep-learning based approach for automatic cerebellar parcellation to obtain volumetric estimates for the total cerebellum and 28 subregions. Linear mixed effects models controlling for age, gender, intracranial volume, and site were used to compare cerebellum volumes in PTSD compared to healthy controls (88% trauma-exposed). PTSD was associated with significant grey and white matter reductions of the cerebellum. Compared to controls, people with PTSD demonstrated smaller total cerebellum volume, as well as reduced volume in subregions primarily within the posterior lobe (lobule VIIB, crus II), vermis (VI, VIII), flocculonodular lobe (lobule X), and corpus medullare (all p-FDR

Published
2024

7. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells control homeostasis of megakaryopoiesis

Author

Gaertner, Florian, Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Hellen, Stutte, Susanne, Fu, Wenwen, Weitz, Jutta, Dueck, Anne, Nelakuditi, Bhavishya, Fumagalli, Valeria, van den Heuvel, Dominic, Belz, Larissa, Sobirova, Gulnoza, Zhang, Zhe, Titova, Anna, Navarro, Alejandro Martinez, Pekayvaz, Kami, Lorenz, Michael, von Baumgarten, Louisa, Kranich, Jan, Straub, Tobias, Popper, Bastian, Zheden, Vanessa, Kaufmann, Walter Anton, Guo, Chenglong, Piontek, Guido, von Stillfried, Saskia, Boor, Peter, Colonna, Marco, Clauß, Sebastian, Schulz, Christian, Brocker, Thomas, Walzog, Barbara, Scheiermann, Christoph, Aird, William C., Nerlov, Claus, Stark, Konstantin, Petzold, Tobias, Engelhardt, Stefan, Sixt, Michael, Hauschild, Robert, Rudelius, Martina, Oostendorp, Robert A. J., Iannacone, Matteo, Heinig, Matthias, and Massberg, Steffen

Published
2024
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9. Epigenome-wide association studies identify novel DNA methylation sites associated with PTSD: a meta-analysis of 23 military and civilian cohorts

Author

Katrinli, Seyma, Wani, Agaz H., Maihofer, Adam X., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Montalvo-Ortiz, Janitza, Núñez-Ríos, Diana L., Zannas, Anthony S., Zhao, Xiang, Aiello, Allison E., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Avetyan, Diana, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Boks, Marco P., Brick, Leslie A., Bromet, Evelyn, Champagne, Frances A., Chen, Chia-Yen, Dalvie, Shareefa, Dennis, Michelle F., Fatumo, Segun, Fortier, Catherine, Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Geuze, Elbert, Grant, Gerald, Hauser, Michael A., Hayes, Jasmeet P., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Huber, Bertrand Russel, Jajoo, Aarti, Jansen, Stefan, Kessler, Ronald C., Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Kleinman, Joel E., Koen, Nastassja, Koenen, Karestan C., Kuan, Pei-Fen, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lori, Adriana, Luft, Benjamin J., Luykx, Jurjen J., Marx, Christine E., McLean, Samuel A., Mehta, Divya, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Mufford, Mary S., Musanabaganwa, Clarisse, Mutabaruka, Jean, Mutesa, Leon, Nemeroff, Charles B., Nugent, Nicole R., Orcutt, Holly K., Qin, Xue-Jun, Rauch, Sheila A. M., Ressler, Kerry J., Risbrough, Victoria B., Rutembesa, Eugène, Rutten, Bart P. F., Seedat, Soraya, Stein, Dan J., Stein, Murray B., Toikumo, Sylvanus, Ursano, Robert J., Uwineza, Annette, Verfaellie, Mieke H., Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Ware, Erin B., Wildman, Derek E., Wolf, Erika J., Young, Ross McD, Zhao, Ying, van den Heuvel, Leigh L., Uddin, Monica, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Smith, Alicia K., and Logue, Mark W.

Published
2024
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10. Divergent WNT signaling and drug sensitivity profiles within hepatoblastoma tumors and organoids

Author

Kluiver, Thomas A., Lu, Yuyan, Schubert, Stephanie A., Kraaier, Lianne J., Ringnalda, Femke, Lijnzaad, Philip, DeMartino, Jeff, Megchelenbrink, Wouter L., Amo-Addae, Vicky, Eising, Selma, de Faria, Flavia W., Münter, Daniel, van de Wetering, Marc, Kerl, Kornelius, Duiker, Evelien, van den Heuvel, Marius C., de Meijer, Vincent E., de Kleine, Ruben H., Molenaar, Jan J., Margaritis, Thanasis, Stunnenberg, Hendrik G., de Krijger, Ronald R., Zsiros, József, Clevers, Hans, and Peng, Weng Chuan

Published
2024
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11. A worldwide study of subcortical shape as a marker for clinical staging in Parkinson’s disease

Author

Laansma, Max A., Zhao, Yuji, van Heese, Eva M., Bright, Joanna K., Owens-Walton, Conor, Al-Bachari, Sarah, Anderson, Tim J., Assogna, Francesca, van Balkom, Tim D., Berendse, Henk W., Cendes, Fernando, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Debove, Ines, Dirkx, Michiel F., Druzgal, Jason, Emsley, Hedley C. A., Fouche, Jean-Paul, Garraux, Gaëtan, Guimarães, Rachel P., Helmich, Rick C., Hu, Michele, van den Heuvel, Odile A., Isaev, Dmitry, Kim, Ho-Bin, Klein, Johannes C., Lochner, Christine, McMillan, Corey T., Melzer, Tracy R., Newman, Benjamin, Parkes, Laura M., Pellicano, Clelia, Piras, Fabrizio, Pitcher, Toni L., Poston, Kathleen L., Rango, Mario, Ribeiro, Leticia F., Rocha, Cristiane S., Rummel, Christian, Santos, Lucas S. R., Schmidt, Reinhold, Schwingenschuh, Petra, Squarcina, Letizia, Stein, Dan J., Vecchio, Daniela, Vriend, Chris, Wang, Jiunjie, Weintraub, Daniel, Wiest, Roland, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M., van der Werf, Ysbrand D., and Gutman, Boris A.

Published
2024
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13. PD-1 blockade does not improve efficacy of EpCAM-directed CAR T-cell in lung cancer brain metastasis

Author

Blobner, Jens, Dengler, Laura, Eberle, Constantin, Herold, Julika J., Xu, Tao, Beck, Alexander, Mühlbauer, Anton, Müller, Katharina J., Teske, Nico, Karschnia, Philipp, van den Heuvel, Dominic, Schallerer, Ferdinand, Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Hellen, Thon, Niklas, Tonn, Joerg-Christian, Subklewe, Marion, Kobold, Sebastian, Harter, Patrick N., Buchholz, Veit R., and von Baumgarten, Louisa

Published
2024
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16. ATAXIN-2 intermediate-length polyglutamine expansions elicit ALS-associated metabolic and immune phenotypes

Author

Vieira de Sá, Renata, Sudria-Lopez, Emma, Cañizares Luna, Marta, Harschnitz, Oliver, van den Heuvel, Dianne M. A., Kling, Sandra, Vonk, Danielle, Westeneng, Henk-Jan, Karst, Henk, Bloemenkamp, Lauri, Varderidou-Minasian, Suzy, Schlegel, Domino K., Mars, Mayte, Broekhoven, Mark H., van Kronenburg, Nicky C. H., Adolfs, Youri, Vangoor, Vamshidhar R., de Jongh, Rianne, Ljubikj, Tijana, Peeters, Lianne, Seeler, Sabine, Mocholi, Enric, Basak, Onur, Gordon, David, Giuliani, Fabrizio, Verhoeff, Tessa, Korsten, Giel, Calafat Pla, Teresa, Venø, Morten T., Kjems, Jørgen, Talbot, Kevin, van Es, Michael A., Veldink, Jan H., van den Berg, Leonard H., Zelina, Pavol, and Pasterkamp, R. Jeroen

Published
2024
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17. Increased risk of subsequent neoplasm after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 5-year survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Author

Westerveld, Aimée S. R., Roesthuis, Pien, van der Pal, Helena J. H., Bresters, Dorine, Bierings, Marc, Loonen, Jacqueline, de Vries, Andrica C. H., Louwerens, Marloes, Koopman, Maria M. W., van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M., van der Heiden-van der Loo, Margriet, Hoogerbrugge, Peter, Janssens, Geert O., de Krijger, Ronald R., Ronckers, Cecile M., Pieters, Rob, Kremer, Leontien C. M., and Teepen, Jop C.

Published
2024
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18. A worldwide study of white matter microstructural alterations in people living with Parkinson’s disease

Author

Owens-Walton, Conor, Nir, Talia M., Al-Bachari, Sarah, Ambrogi, Sonia, Anderson, Tim J., Aventurato, Ítalo Karmann, Cendes, Fernando, Chen, Yao-Liang, Ciullo, Valentina, Cook, Phil, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dirkx, Michiel F., Druzgal, Jason, Emsley, Hedley C. A., Guimarães, Rachel, Haroon, Hamied A., Helmich, Rick C., Hu, Michele T., Johansson, Martin E., Kim, Ho Bin, Klein, Johannes C., Laansma, Max, Lawrence, Katherine E., Lochner, Christine, Mackay, Clare, McMillan, Corey T., Melzer, Tracy R., Nabulsi, Leila, Newman, Ben, Opriessnig, Peter, Parkes, Laura M., Pellicano, Clelia, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Pirpamer, Lukas, Pitcher, Toni L., Poston, Kathleen L., Roos, Annerine, Silva, Lucas Scárdua, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schwingenschuh, Petra, Shahid-Besanti, Marian, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stein, Dan J., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tosun, Duygu, Tsai, Chih-Chien, van den Heuvel, Odile A., van Heese, Eva, Vecchio, Daniela, Villalón-Reina, Julio E., Vriend, Chris, Wang, Jiun-Jie, Wu, Yih-Ru, Yasuda, Clarissa Lin, Thompson, Paul M., Jahanshad, Neda, and van der Werf, Ysbrand

Published
2024
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19. Magnesium sulphate to prevent perioperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial: A protocol description of the PeriOperative Magnesium Infusion to Prevent Atrial fibrillation Evaluated (POMPAE) trial

Author

Meerman, Manon, Buijser, Marit, van den Berg, Lettie, van den Heuvel, Anne-Marthe, Hoohenkerk, Gerard, van Driel, Vincent, Munsterman, Luuk, de Vroege, Roel, Bailey, Michael, Bellomo, Rinaldo, and Ludikhuize, Jeroen

Published
2024
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20. Prevalence of fungal DNAemia mediated by putatively non-pathogenic fungi in immunocompromised patients with febrile neutropenia: a prospective cohort study

Author

Lucini, Chantal, Obrová, Klára, Krickl, Isabella, Nogueira, Filomena, Kocmanová, Iva, Herndlhofer, Susanne, Gleixner, Karoline V., Sperr, Wolfgang R., Frank, Tijana, Andrade, Nuno, Peters, Christina, Engstler, Gernot, Dworzak, Michael, Attarbaschi, Andishe, van Grotel, Martine, van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M., Moiseev, Ivan S, Rogacheva, Yuliya, Zubarovskaya, Ludmilla, Zubarovskaya, Natalia, Pichler, Herbert, Lawitschka, Anita, Koller, Elisabeth, Keil, Felix, Mayer, Jiří, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Valent, Peter, and Lion, Thomas

Published
2024
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26. Comparing deep learning and pathologist quantification of cell-level PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer whole-slide images

Author

van Eekelen, Leander, Spronck, Joey, Looijen-Salamon, Monika, Vos, Shoko, Munari, Enrico, Girolami, Ilaria, Eccher, Albino, Acs, Balazs, Boyaci, Ceren, de Souza, Gabriel Silva, Demirel-Andishmand, Muradije, Meesters, Luca Dulce, Zegers, Daan, van der Woude, Lieke, Theelen, Willemijn, van den Heuvel, Michel, Grünberg, Katrien, van Ginneken, Bram, van der Laak, Jeroen, and Ciompi, Francesco

Published
2024
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28. Correction: The functional connectome in obsessive-compulsive disorder: resting-state mega-analysis and machine learning classification for the ENIGMA-OCD consortium

Author

Bruin, Willem B, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Anticevic, Alan, Backhausen, Lea L, Balachander, Srinivas, Bargallo, Nuria, Batistuzzo, Marcelo C, Benedetti, Francesco, Bertolin Triquell, Sara, Brem, Silvia, Calesella, Federico, Couto, Beatriz, Denys, Damiaan AJP, Echevarria, Marco AN, Eng, Goi Khia, Ferreira, Sónia, Feusner, Jamie D, Grazioplene, Rachael G, Gruner, Patricia, Guo, Joyce Y, Hagen, Kristen, Hansen, Bjarne, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoexter, Marcelo Q, Jahanshad, Neda, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Kasprzak, Selina, Kim, Minah, Koch, Kathrin, Bin Kwak, Yoo, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lazaro, Luisa, Li, Chiang-Shan R, Lochner, Christine, Marsh, Rachel, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Menchon, Jose M, Moreira, Pedro S, Morgado, Pedro, Nakagawa, Akiko, Nakao, Tomohiro, Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C, Nurmi, Erika L, Zorrilla, Jose C Pariente, Piacentini, John, Picó-Pérez, Maria, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Pittenger, Christopher, Reddy, Janardhan YC, Rodriguez-Manrique, Daniela, Sakai, Yuki, Shimizu, Eiji, Shivakumar, Venkataram, Simpson, Blair H, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Sousa, Nuno, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stern, Emily R, Evelyn Stewart, S, Szeszko, Philip R, Tang, Jinsong, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Thorsen, Anders L, Yoshida, Tokiko, Tomiyama, Hirofumi, Vai, Benedetta, Veer, Ilya M, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Vetter, Nora C, Vriend, Chris, Walitza, Susanne, Waller, Lea, Wang, Zhen, Watanabe, Anri, Wolff, Nicole, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zhao, Qing, van Leeuwen, Wieke A, van Marle, Hein JF, van de Mortel, Laurens A, van der Straten, Anouk, van der Werf, Ysbrand D, Thompson, Paul M, Stein, Dan J, van den Heuvel, Odile A, and van Wingen, Guido A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, Mental Illness, Serious Mental Illness, Brain Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Health, Good Health and Well Being, ENIGMA-OCD Working Group, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Correction to: Molecular Psychiatry, published online 2 May 2023 In this article Honami Arai, Irene Bollettini, Rosa Calvo Escalona, Ana Coelho, Federica Colombo, Leila Darwich, Martine Fontaine, Toshikazu Ikuta, Jonathan C. Ipser, Asier Juaneda-Seguí, Hitomi Kitagawa, Gerd Kvale, Mafalda Machado-Sousa, Astrid Morer, Takashi Nakamae, Jin Narumoto, Joseph O’Neill, Sho Okawa, Eva Real, Veit Roessner, Joao R. Sato, Cinto Segalàs, Roseli G. Shavitt, Dick J. Veltman, Kei Yamada were missing from the author list indexed under the ENIGMA-OCD Working Group. Additionally, there was an error regarding Tokiko Yoshida’s name, where the first name and last name were written in the wrong order. The original article has been corrected.

Published
2023

29. The functional connectome in obsessive-compulsive disorder: resting-state mega-analysis and machine learning classification for the ENIGMA-OCD consortium.

Author

Bruin, Willem, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Anticevic, Alan, Backhausen, Lea, Balachander, Srinivas, Bargallo, Nuria, Batistuzzo, Marcelo, Benedetti, Francesco, Bertolin Triquell, Sara, Brem, Silvia, Calesella, Federico, Couto, Beatriz, Denys, Damiaan, Echevarria, Marco, Eng, Goi, Ferreira, Sónia, Feusner, Jamie, Grazioplene, Rachael, Gruner, Patricia, Guo, Joyce, Hagen, Kristen, Hansen, Bjarne, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoexter, Marcelo, Jahanshad, Neda, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Kasprzak, Selina, Kim, Minah, Koch, Kathrin, Bin Kwak, Yoo, Kwon, Jun, Lazaro, Luisa, Li, Chiang-Shan, Lochner, Christine, Marsh, Rachel, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Menchon, Jose, Moreira, Pedro, Morgado, Pedro, Nakagawa, Akiko, Nakao, Tomohiro, Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan, Nurmi, Erika, Zorrilla, Jose, Picó-Pérez, Maria, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Pittenger, Christopher, Reddy, Janardhan, Rodriguez-Manrique, Daniela, Sakai, Yuki, Shimizu, Eiji, Shivakumar, Venkataram, Simpson, Blair, Soriano-Mas, Carles, Sousa, Nuno, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Stern, Emily, Evelyn Stewart, S, Szeszko, Philip, Tang, Jinsong, Thomopoulos, Sophia, Thorsen, Anders, Yoshida, Tokiko, Tomiyama, Hirofumi, Vai, Benedetta, Veer, Ilya, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Vetter, Nora, Vriend, Chris, Walitza, Susanne, Waller, Lea, Wang, Zhen, Watanabe, Anri, Wolff, Nicole, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zhao, Qing, van Leeuwen, Wieke, van Marle, Hein, van de Mortel, Laurens, van der Straten, Anouk, van der Werf, Ysbrand, Thompson, Paul, Stein, Dan, van den Heuvel, Odile, van Wingen, Guido, and Piacentini, John

Subjects
Humans, Connectome, Brain Mapping, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Brain, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Biomarkers, Neural Pathways
Abstract

Current knowledge about functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is based on small-scale studies, limiting the generalizability of results. Moreover, the majority of studies have focused only on predefined regions or functional networks rather than connectivity throughout the entire brain. Here, we investigated differences in resting-state functional connectivity between OCD patients and healthy controls (HC) using mega-analysis of data from 1024 OCD patients and 1028 HC from 28 independent samples of the ENIGMA-OCD consortium. We assessed group differences in whole-brain functional connectivity at both the regional and network level, and investigated whether functional connectivity could serve as biomarker to identify patient status at the individual level using machine learning analysis. The mega-analyses revealed widespread abnormalities in functional connectivity in OCD, with global hypo-connectivity (Cohens d: -0.27 to -0.13) and few hyper-connections, mainly with the thalamus (Cohens d: 0.19 to 0.22). Most hypo-connections were located within the sensorimotor network and no fronto-striatal abnormalities were found. Overall, classification performances were poor, with area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) scores ranging between 0.567 and 0.673, with better classification for medicated (AUC = 0.702) than unmedicated (AUC = 0.608) patients versus healthy controls. These findings provide partial support for existing pathophysiological models of OCD and highlight the important role of the sensorimotor network in OCD. However, resting-state connectivity does not so far provide an accurate biomarker for identifying patients at the individual level.

Published
2023

30. Einstein Probe Discovery of EP J005245.1−722843: A Rare Be–White Dwarf Binary in the Small Magellanic Cloud?

Author

A. Marino, H. N. Yang, F. Coti Zelati, N. Rea, S. Guillot, G. K. Jaisawal, C. Maitra, J.-U. Ness, F. Haberl, E. Kuulkers, W. Yuan, H. Feng, L. Tao, C. Jin, H. Sun, W. Zhang, W. Chen, E. P. J. van den Heuvel, R. Soria, B. Zhang, S.-S. Weng, L. Ji, G. B. Zhang, X. Pan, Z. Lv, C. Zhang, Z. X. Ling, Y. Chen, S. Jia, Y. Liu, H. Q. Cheng, D. Y. Li, K. Gendreau, M. Ng, and T. Strohmayer

Subjects
Accretion, X-ray binary stars, High mass x-ray binary stars, White dwarf stars, Small Magellanic Cloud, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

On 2024 May 27, the Wide-field X-ray Telescope on board the Space Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Einstein Probe (EP) mission detected enhanced X-ray emission from a new transient source in the Small Magellanic Cloud during its commissioning phase. Prompt follow-up with the EP Follow-up X-ray Telescope, the Swift X-ray Telescope. and NICER have revealed a very soft, thermally emitting source ( kT ~ 0.1 keV at the outburst peak) with an X-ray luminosity of L ~ 4 × 10 ^38 erg s ^−1 , labeled EP J005245.1−722843. This supersoft outburst faded very quickly in a week's time. Several emission lines and absorption edges were present in the X-ray spectrum, including deep nitrogen (0.67 keV) and oxygen (0.87 keV) absorption edges. The X-ray emission resembles the supersoft source phase of typical nova outbursts from an accreting white dwarf (WD) in a binary system, despite the X-ray source being historically associated with an O9-B0e massive star exhibiting a 17.55 day periodicity in the optical band. The discovery of this supersoft outburst suggests that EP J005245.1−722843 is a BeWD X-ray binary: an elusive evolutionary stage where two main-sequence massive stars have undergone a common envelope phase and experienced at least two episodes of mass transfer. In addition, the very short duration of the outburst and the presence of Ne features hint at a rather massive, i.e., close to the Chandrasekhar limit, Ne–O WD in the system.

Published
2025
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31. Right Prefrontal Cortical Thickness Is Associated With Response to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Children With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Author

Bertolín, Sara, Alonso, Pino, Martínez-Zalacaín, Ignacio, Menchón, Jose, Jimenez-Murcia, Susana, Baker, Justin, Bargalló, Nuria, Batistuzzo, Marcelo, Boedhoe, Premika, Brennan, Brian, Feusner, Jamie, Fitzgerald, Kate, Fontaine, Martine, Hansen, Bjarne, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Hoexter, Marcelo, Huyser, Chaim, Jahanshad, Neda, Jaspers-Fayer, Fern, Kuno, Masaru, Kvale, Gerd, Lazaro, Luisa, Machado-Sousa, Mafalda, Marsh, Rachel, Morgado, Pedro, Nakagawa, Akiko, Norman, Luke, Nurmi, Erika, ONeill, Joseph, Ortiz, Ana, Perriello, Chris, Picó-Pérez, Maria, Shavitt, Roseli, Shimizu, Eiji, Simpson, Helen, Stewart, S, Thomopoulos, Sophia, Thorsen, Anders, Walitza, Susanne, Wolters, Lidewij, Thompson, Paul, van den Heuvel, Odile, Stein, Dan, Soriano-Mas, Carles, and Piacentini, John

Subjects
anxiety disorders, cognitive-behavioral therapy, magnetic resonance imaging, neuroimaging, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Adult, Adolescent, Humans, Child, Child, Preschool, Prefrontal Cortex, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Frontal Lobe, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered a first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in pediatric and adult populations. Nevertheless, some patients show partial or null response. The identification of predictors of CBT response may improve clinical management of patients with OCD. Here, we aimed to identify structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors of CBT response in 2 large series of children and adults with OCD from the worldwide ENIGMA-OCD consortium. METHOD: Data from 16 datasets from 13 international sites were included in the study. We assessed which variations in baseline cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume predicted response to CBT (percentage of baseline to post-treatment symptom reduction) in 2 samples totaling 168 children and adolescents (age range 5-17.5 years) and 318 adult patients (age range 18-63 years) with OCD. Mixed linear models with random intercept were used to account for potential cross-site differences in imaging values. RESULTS: Significant results were observed exclusively in the pediatric sample. Right prefrontal cortex thickness was positively associated with the percentage of CBT response. In a post hoc analysis, we observed that the specific changes accounting for this relationship were a higher thickness of the frontal pole and the rostral middle frontal gyrus. We observed no significant effects of age, sex, or medication on our findings. CONCLUSION: Higher cortical thickness in specific right prefrontal cortex regions may be important for CBT response in children with OCD. Our findings suggest that the right prefrontal cortex plays a relevant role in the mechanisms of action of CBT in children.

Published
2023

33. Examining the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and disruptions in cortical networks identified using data-driven methods

Author

Yang, Jin, Huggins, Ashley A., Sun, Delin, Baird, C. Lexi, Haswell, Courtney C., Frijling, Jessie L., Olff, Miranda, van Zuiden, Mirjam, Koch, Saskia B. J., Nawijn, Laura, Veltman, Dick J., Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin, Zhu, Xi, Neria, Yuval, Hudson, Anna R., Mueller, Sven C., Baker, Justin T., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Kaufman, Milissa L., Qi, Rongfeng, Lu, Guang Ming, Říha, Pavel, Rektor, Ivan, Dennis, Emily L., Ching, Christopher R. K., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Salminen, Lauren E., Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M., Stein, Dan J., Koopowitz, Sheri M., Ipser, Jonathan C., Seedat, Soraya, du Plessis, Stefan, van den Heuvel, Leigh L., Wang, Li, Zhu, Ye, Li, Gen, Sierk, Anika, Manthey, Antje, Walter, Henrik, Daniels, Judith K., Schmahl, Christian, Herzog, Julia I., Liberzon, Israel, King, Anthony, Angstadt, Mike, Davenport, Nicholas D., Sponheim, Scott R., Disner, Seth G., Straube, Thomas, Hofmann, David, Grupe, Daniel W., Nitschke, Jack B., Davidson, Richard J., Larson, Christine L., deRoon-Cassini, Terri A., Blackford, Jennifer U., Olatunji, Bunmi O., Gordon, Evan M., May, Geoffrey, Nelson, Steven M., Abdallah, Chadi G., Levy, Ifat, Harpaz-Rotem, Ilan, Krystal, John H., Morey, Rajendra A., and Sotiras, Aristeidis

Published
2024
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34. Teachers' Use of Descriptive Assessment in Primary School Mathematics Education in Iran

Author

Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, Marja, Sangari, Ali Akbar, and Veldhuis, Michiel

Abstract

In many countries, assessment and curriculum reforms came into being in recent decades. In Iran, an important educational assessment reform took place called Descriptive Assessment (DA). In this reform, the focus of student assessment was moved from a more summative approach of providing grades and deciding about promotion to the next grade to a more formative approach of providing descriptive feedback aimed at improving student learning. In this study, we evaluated how seven fourth-grade mathematics teachers used the principles of DA. Data were collected by a questionnaire on assessment practices and beliefs, lesson observations, and interviews. Although the teachers varied in how they assess their students, in general their assessment practice is by and large in line with the DA guidelines. Nevertheless, in some respects we found differences. When assessing their students, the teachers essentially do not check the students' strategies and when preparing the report cards, they still use final exams because they do not sufficiently trust the assessments methods suggested by DA. The guideline to use assessment results for adapting instruction is also not genuinely put into action. The article is concluded by discussing dilemmas the teachers may encounter when implementing DA.

Published
2021

36. Probabilistically Robust Recourse: Navigating the Trade-offs between Costs and Robustness in Algorithmic Recourse

Author

Pawelczyk, Martin, Datta, Teresa, van-den-Heuvel, Johannes, Kasneci, Gjergji, and Lakkaraju, Himabindu

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

As machine learning models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions in real-world settings, it becomes critical to ensure that individuals who are adversely impacted (e.g., loan denied) by the predictions of these models are provided with a means for recourse. While several approaches have been proposed to construct recourses for affected individuals, the recourses output by these methods either achieve low costs (i.e., ease-of-implementation) or robustness to small perturbations (i.e., noisy implementations of recourses), but not both due to the inherent trade-offs between the recourse costs and robustness. Furthermore, prior approaches do not provide end users with any agency over navigating the aforementioned trade-offs. In this work, we address the above challenges by proposing the first algorithmic framework which enables users to effectively manage the recourse cost vs. robustness trade-offs. More specifically, our framework Probabilistically ROBust rEcourse (\texttt{PROBE}) lets users choose the probability with which a recourse could get invalidated (recourse invalidation rate) if small changes are made to the recourse i.e., the recourse is implemented somewhat noisily. To this end, we propose a novel objective function which simultaneously minimizes the gap between the achieved (resulting) and desired recourse invalidation rates, minimizes recourse costs, and also ensures that the resulting recourse achieves a positive model prediction. We develop novel theoretical results to characterize the recourse invalidation rates corresponding to any given instance w.r.t. different classes of underlying models (e.g., linear models, tree based models etc.), and leverage these results to efficiently optimize the proposed objective. Experimental evaluation with multiple real world datasets demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed framework., Comment: ICLR 2023, camera ready version

Published
2022

37. Multiscale neural gradients reflect transdiagnostic effects of major psychiatric conditions on cortical morphology

Author

Park, Bo-yong, Kebets, Valeria, Larivière, Sara, Hettwer, Meike D, Paquola, Casey, van Rooij, Daan, Buitelaar, Jan, Franke, Barbara, Hoogman, Martine, Schmaal, Lianne, Veltman, Dick J, van den Heuvel, Odile A, Stein, Dan J, Andreassen, Ole A, Ching, Christopher RK, Turner, Jessica A, van Erp, Theo GM, Evans, Alan C, Dagher, Alain, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Thompson, Paul M, Valk, Sofie L, Kirschner, Matthias, and Bernhardt, Boris C

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Depression, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Serious Mental Illness, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Schizophrenia, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Connectome, Dopamine, Humans, Neural Pathways, Serotonin, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

It is increasingly recognized that multiple psychiatric conditions are underpinned by shared neural pathways, affecting similar brain systems. Here, we carried out a multiscale neural contextualization of shared alterations of cortical morphology across six major psychiatric conditions (autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depression disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia). Our framework cross-referenced shared morphological anomalies with respect to cortical myeloarchitecture and cytoarchitecture, as well as connectome and neurotransmitter organization. Pooling disease-related effects on MRI-based cortical thickness measures across six ENIGMA working groups, including a total of 28,546 participants (12,876 patients and 15,670 controls), we identified a cortex-wide dimension of morphological changes that described a sensory-fugal pattern, with paralimbic regions showing the most consistent alterations across conditions. The shared disease dimension was closely related to cortical gradients of microstructure as well as neurotransmitter axes, specifically cortex-wide variations in serotonin and dopamine. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness with respect to slight variations in analytical choices. Our findings embed shared effects of common psychiatric conditions on brain structure in multiple scales of brain organization, and may provide insights into neural mechanisms of transdiagnostic vulnerability.

Published
2022

39. Clinical and self-reported markers of reproductive function in female survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma

Author

Drechsel, K. C. E., Broer, S. L., Stoutjesdijk, F. S., Twisk, J. W. R., van den Berg, M. H., Lambalk, C. B., van Leeuwen, F. E., Overbeek, A., van den Heuvel-Eibrink, M. M., van Dorp, W., de Vries, A. C. H., Loonen, J. J., van der Pal, H. J., Kremer, L. C., Tissing, W. J., Versluys, B., Kaspers, G. J. L., van Dulmen-den Broeder, E., and Veening, M. A.

Published
2023
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40. ENIGMA-DTI: Translating reproducible white matter deficits into personalized vulnerability metrics in cross-diagnostic psychiatric research.

Author

Kochunov, Peter, Hong, L, Dennis, Emily, Morey, Rajendra, Tate, David, Wilde, Elisabeth, Logue, Mark, Kelly, Sinead, Donohoe, Gary, Favre, Pauline, Houenou, Josselin, Ching, Christopher, Holleran, Laurena, Andreassen, Ole, van Velzen, Laura, Schmaal, Lianne, Villalón-Reina, Julio, Piras, Fabrizio, Spalletta, Gianfranco, van den Heuvel, Odile, Veltman, Dick, Stein, Dan, Ryan, Meghann, Tan, Yunlong, Turner, Jessica, Haddad, Liz, Nir, Talia, Glahn, David, Thompson, Paul, Jahanshad, Neda, Bearden, Carrie, and Van Erp, Theodorus

Subjects
DTI, ENIGMA, RVI, big data, cross-disorder, white matter deficit patterns, Biomedical Research, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Humans, Mental Disorders, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Psychiatry, White Matter
Abstract

The ENIGMA-DTI (diffusion tensor imaging) workgroup supports analyses that examine the effects of psychiatric, neurological, and developmental disorders on the white matter pathways of the human brain, as well as the effects of normal variation and its genetic associations. The seven ENIGMA disorder-oriented working groups used the ENIGMA-DTI workflow to derive patterns of deficits using coherent and coordinated analyses that model the disease effects across cohorts worldwide. This yielded the largest studies detailing patterns of white matter deficits in schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and 22q11 deletion syndrome. These deficit patterns are informative of the underlying neurobiology and reproducible in independent cohorts. We reviewed these findings, demonstrated their reproducibility in independent cohorts, and compared the deficit patterns across illnesses. We discussed translating ENIGMA-defined deficit patterns on the level of individual subjects using a metric called the regional vulnerability index (RVI), a correlation of an individuals brain metrics with the expected pattern for a disorder. We discussed the similarity in white matter deficit patterns among SSD, BD, MDD, and OCD and provided a rationale for using this index in cross-diagnostic neuropsychiatric research. We also discussed the difference in deficit patterns between idiopathic schizophrenia and 22q11 deletion syndrome, which is used as a developmental and genetic model of schizophrenia. Together, these findings highlight the importance of collaborative large-scale research to provide robust and reproducible effects that offer insights into individual vulnerability and cross-diagnosis features.

Published
2022

41. Coordinated cortical thickness alterations across six neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders

Author

Hettwer, MD, Larivière, S, Park, BY, van den Heuvel, OA, Schmaal, L, Andreassen, OA, Ching, CRK, Hoogman, M, Buitelaar, J, van Rooij, D, Veltman, DJ, Stein, DJ, Franke, B, van Erp, TGM, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Thomopoulos, SI, Bethlehem, RAI, Bernhardt, BC, Eickhoff, SB, and Valk, SL

Subjects
Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Humans, Cerebral Cortex, Connectome, Mental Disorders, Cerebellum, Attention, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, ENIGMA Autism Working Group, ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group, ENIGMA Major Depression Working Group, ENIGMA OCD Working Group, ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group
Abstract

Neuropsychiatric disorders are increasingly conceptualized as overlapping spectra sharing multi-level neurobiological alterations. However, whether transdiagnostic cortical alterations covary in a biologically meaningful way is currently unknown. Here, we studied co-alteration networks across six neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, reflecting pathological structural covariance. In 12,024 patients and 18,969 controls from the ENIGMA consortium, we observed that co-alteration patterns followed normative connectome organization and were anchored to prefrontal and temporal disease epicenters. Manifold learning revealed frontal-to-temporal and sensory/limbic-to-occipitoparietal transdiagnostic gradients, differentiating shared illness effects on cortical thickness along these axes. The principal gradient aligned with a normative cortical thickness covariance gradient and established a transcriptomic link to cortico-cerebello-thalamic circuits. Moreover, transdiagnostic gradients segregated functional networks involved in basic sensory, attentional/perceptual, and domain-general cognitive processes, and distinguished between regional cytoarchitectonic profiles. Together, our findings indicate that shared illness effects occur in a synchronized fashion and along multiple levels of hierarchical cortical organization.

Published
2022

42. Local molecular and global connectomic contributions to cross-disorder cortical abnormalities

Author

Hansen, Justine Y, Shafiei, Golia, Vogel, Jacob W, Smart, Kelly, Bearden, Carrie E, Hoogman, Martine, Franke, Barbara, van Rooij, Daan, Buitelaar, Jan, McDonald, Carrie R, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Schmaal, Lianne, Veltman, Dick J, van den Heuvel, Odile A, Stein, Dan J, van Erp, Theo GM, Ching, Christopher RK, Andreassen, Ole A, Hajek, Tomas, Opel, Nils, Modinos, Gemma, Aleman, André, van der Werf, Ysbrand, Jahanshad, Neda, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Thompson, Paul M, Carson, Richard E, Dagher, Alain, and Misic, Bratislav

Subjects
Neurosciences, Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Aetiology, Underpinning research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Mental health, Neurological, Brain, Brain Diseases, Connectome, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Pathways
Abstract

Numerous brain disorders demonstrate structural brain abnormalities, which are thought to arise from molecular perturbations or connectome miswiring. The unique and shared contributions of these molecular and connectomic vulnerabilities to brain disorders remain unknown, and has yet to be studied in a single multi-disorder framework. Using MRI morphometry from the ENIGMA consortium, we construct maps of cortical abnormalities for thirteen neurodevelopmental, neurological, and psychiatric disorders from N = 21,000 participants and N = 26,000 controls, collected using a harmonised processing protocol. We systematically compare cortical maps to multiple micro-architectural measures, including gene expression, neurotransmitter density, metabolism, and myelination (molecular vulnerability), as well as global connectomic measures including number of connections, centrality, and connection diversity (connectomic vulnerability). We find a relationship between molecular vulnerability and white-matter architecture that drives cortical disorder profiles. Local attributes, particularly neurotransmitter receptor profiles, constitute the best predictors of both disorder-specific cortical morphology and cross-disorder similarity. Finally, we find that cross-disorder abnormalities are consistently subtended by a small subset of network epicentres in bilateral sensory-motor, inferior temporal lobe, precuneus, and superior parietal cortex. Collectively, our results highlight how local molecular attributes and global connectivity jointly shape cross-disorder cortical abnormalities.

Published
2022

43. Mapping brain asymmetry in health and disease through the ENIGMA consortium

Author

Kong, Xiang‐Zhen, Postema, Merel C, Guadalupe, Tulio, de Kovel, Carolien, Boedhoe, Premika SW, Hoogman, Martine, Mathias, Samuel R, van Rooij, Daan, Schijven, Dick, Glahn, David C, Medland, Sarah E, Jahanshad, Neda, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Turner, Jessica A, Buitelaar, Jan, van Erp, Theo GM, Franke, Barbara, Fisher, Simon E, van den Heuvel, Odile A, Schmaal, Lianne, Thompson, Paul M, and Francks, Clyde

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Neurosciences, Mental Health, Mental Illness, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Neurological, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cerebral Cortex, Depressive Disorder, Major, Gray Matter, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neuroimaging, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, autism spectrum disorder, brain asymmetry, brain laterality, major depressive disorder, mega-analysis, meta-analysis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, structural imaging, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

Left-right asymmetry of the human brain is one of its cardinal features, and also a complex, multivariate trait. Decades of research have suggested that brain asymmetry may be altered in psychiatric disorders. However, findings have been inconsistent and often based on small sample sizes. There are also open questions surrounding which structures are asymmetrical on average in the healthy population, and how variability in brain asymmetry relates to basic biological variables such as age and sex. Over the last 4 years, the ENIGMA-Laterality Working Group has published six studies of gray matter morphological asymmetry based on total sample sizes from roughly 3,500 to 17,000 individuals, which were between one and two orders of magnitude larger than those published in previous decades. A population-level mapping of average asymmetry was achieved, including an intriguing fronto-occipital gradient of cortical thickness asymmetry in healthy brains. ENIGMA's multi-dataset approach also supported an empirical illustration of reproducibility of hemispheric differences across datasets. Effect sizes were estimated for gray matter asymmetry based on large, international, samples in relation to age, sex, handedness, and brain volume, as well as for three psychiatric disorders: autism spectrum disorder was associated with subtly reduced asymmetry of cortical thickness at regions spread widely over the cortex; pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder was associated with altered subcortical asymmetry; major depressive disorder was not significantly associated with changes of asymmetry. Ongoing studies are examining brain asymmetry in other disorders. Moreover, a groundwork has been laid for possibly identifying shared genetic contributions to brain asymmetry and disorders.

Published
2022

44. An overview of the first 5 years of the ENIGMA obsessive–compulsive disorder working group: The power of worldwide collaboration

Author

van den Heuvel, Odile A, Boedhoe, Premika SW, Bertolin, Sara, Bruin, Willem B, Francks, Clyde, Ivanov, Iliyan, Jahanshad, Neda, Kong, Xiang‐Zhen, Kwon, Jun Soo, O'Neill, Joseph, Paus, Tomas, Patel, Yash, Piras, Fabrizio, Schmaal, Lianne, Soriano‐Mas, Carles, Spalletta, Gianfranco, van Wingen, Guido A, Yun, Je‐Yeon, Vriend, Chris, Simpson, H Blair, van Rooij, Daan, Hoexter, Marcelo Q, Hoogman, Martine, Buitelaar, Jan K, Arnold, Paul, Beucke, Jan C, Benedetti, Francesco, Bollettini, Irene, Bose, Anushree, Brennan, Brian P, De Nadai, Alessandro S, Fitzgerald, Kate, Gruner, Patricia, Grünblatt, Edna, Hirano, Yoshiyuki, Huyser, Chaim, James, Anthony, Koch, Kathrin, Kvale, Gerd, Lazaro, Luisa, Lochner, Christine, Marsh, Rachel, Mataix‐Cols, David, Morgado, Pedro, Nakamae, Takashi, Nakao, Tomohiro, Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C, Nurmi, Erika, Pittenger, Christopher, Reddy, YC Janardhan, Sato, João R, Soreni, Noam, Stewart, S Evelyn, Taylor, Stephan F, Tolin, David, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Veltman, Dick J, Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Zhen, Thompson, Paul M, Stein, Dan J, Abe, Yoshinari, Alonso, Pino, Assogna, Francesca, Banaj, Nerisa, Batistuzzo, Marcelo C, Brem, Silvia, Ciullo, Valentina, Feusner, Jamie, Martínez‐Zalacaín, Ignacio, Menchón, José M, Miguel, Euripedes C, Piacentini, John, Piras, Federica, Sakai, Yuki, Wolters, Lidewij, and Yamada, Kei

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Serious Mental Illness, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Mental Health, Mental health, Neurological, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Machine Learning, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neuroimaging, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, cortical thickness, ENIGMA, mega-analysis, meta-analysis, MRI, obsessive-compulsive disorder, surface area, volume, ENIGMA-OCD working group, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

Neuroimaging has played an important part in advancing our understanding of the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). At the same time, neuroimaging studies of OCD have had notable limitations, including reliance on relatively small samples. International collaborative efforts to increase statistical power by combining samples from across sites have been bolstered by the ENIGMA consortium; this provides specific technical expertise for conducting multi-site analyses, as well as access to a collaborative community of neuroimaging scientists. In this article, we outline the background to, development of, and initial findings from ENIGMA's OCD working group, which currently consists of 47 samples from 34 institutes in 15 countries on 5 continents, with a total sample of 2,323 OCD patients and 2,325 healthy controls. Initial work has focused on studies of cortical thickness and subcortical volumes, structural connectivity, and brain lateralization in children, adolescents and adults with OCD, also including the study on the commonalities and distinctions across different neurodevelopment disorders. Additional work is ongoing, employing machine learning techniques. Findings to date have contributed to the development of neurobiological models of OCD, have provided an important model of global scientific collaboration, and have had a number of clinical implications. Importantly, our work has shed new light on questions about whether structural and functional alterations found in OCD reflect neurodevelopmental changes, effects of the disease process, or medication impacts. We conclude with a summary of ongoing work by ENIGMA-OCD, and a consideration of future directions for neuroimaging research on OCD within and beyond ENIGMA.

Published
2022

45. Are Physical Experiences with the Balance Model Beneficial for Students' Algebraic Reasoning? An Evaluation of Two Learning Environments for Linear Equations

Author

Otten, Mara, van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, Marja, Veldhuis, Michiel, Boom, Jan, and Heinze, Aiso

Abstract

The balance model is often used for teaching linear equation solving. Little research has investigated the influence of various representations of this model on students' learning outcomes. In this quasi-experimental study, we examined the effects of two learning environments with balance models on primary school students' reasoning related to solving linear equations. The sample comprised 212 fifth-graders. Students' algebraic reasoning was measured four times over the school year; students received lessons in between two of these measurements. Students in Intervention Condition 1 were taught linear equation solving in a learning environment with only pictorial representations of the balance model, while students in Intervention Condition 2 were taught in a learning environment with both physical and pictorial representations of the balance model, which allowed students to manipulate the model. Multi-group latent variable growth curve modelling revealed a significant improvement in algebraic reasoning after students' participation in either of the two intervention conditions, but no significant differences were found between intervention conditions. The findings suggest that the representation of the balance model did not differentially affect students' reasoning. However, analyzing students' reasoning qualitatively revealed that students who worked with the physical balance model more often used representations of the model or advanced algebraic strategies, suggesting that different representations of the balance model might play a different role in individual learning processes.

Published
2020

48. Altered white matter microstructural organization in posttraumatic stress disorder across 3047 adults: results from the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD consortium

Author

Dennis, Emily L, Disner, Seth G, Fani, Negar, Salminen, Lauren E, Logue, Mark, Clarke, Emily K, Haswell, Courtney C, Averill, Christopher L, Baugh, Lee A, Bomyea, Jessica, Bruce, Steven E, Cha, Jiook, Choi, Kyle, Davenport, Nicholas D, Densmore, Maria, du Plessis, Stefan, Forster, Gina L, Frijling, Jessie L, Gonenc, Atilla, Gruber, Staci, Grupe, Daniel W, Guenette, Jeffrey P, Hayes, Jasmeet, Hofmann, David, Ipser, Jonathan, Jovanovic, Tanja, Kelly, Sinead, Kennis, Mitzy, Kinzel, Philipp, Koch, Saskia BJ, Koerte, Inga, Koopowitz, Sheri, Korgaonkar, Mayuresh, Krystal, John, Lebois, Lauren AM, Li, Gen, Magnotta, Vincent A, Manthey, Antje, May, Geoff J, Menefee, Deleene S, Nawijn, Laura, Nelson, Steven M, Neufeld, Richard WJ, Nitschke, Jack B, O’Doherty, Daniel, Peverill, Matthew, Ressler, Kerry J, Roos, Annerine, Sheridan, Margaret A, Sierk, Anika, Simmons, Alan, Simons, Raluca M, Simons, Jeffrey S, Stevens, Jennifer, Suarez-Jimenez, Benjamin, Sullivan, Danielle R, Théberge, Jean, Tran, Jana K, van den Heuvel, Leigh, van der Werff, Steven JA, van Rooij, Sanne JH, van Zuiden, Mirjam, Velez, Carmen, Verfaellie, Mieke, Vermeiren, Robert RJM, Wade, Benjamin SC, Wager, Tor, Walter, Henrik, Winternitz, Sherry, Wolff, Jonathan, York, Gerald, Zhu, Ye, Zhu, Xi, Abdallah, Chadi G, Bryant, Richard, Daniels, Judith K, Davidson, Richard J, Fercho, Kelene A, Franz, Carol, Geuze, Elbert, Gordon, Evan M, Kaufman, Milissa L, Kremen, William S, Lagopoulos, Jim, Lanius, Ruth A, Lyons, Michael J, McCauley, Stephen R, McGlinchey, Regina, McLaughlin, Katie A, Milberg, William, Neria, Yuval, Olff, Miranda, Seedat, Soraya, Shenton, Martha, Sponheim, Scott R, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Straube, Thomas, Tate, David F, and van der Wee, Nic JA

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Clinical Research, Mental Illness, Biomedical Imaging, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Anxiety Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anisotropy, Brain, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, White Matter, Young Adult, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

A growing number of studies have examined alterations in white matter organization in people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using diffusion MRI (dMRI), but the results have been mixed which may be partially due to relatively small sample sizes among studies. Altered structural connectivity may be both a neurobiological vulnerability for, and a result of, PTSD. In an effort to find reliable effects, we present a multi-cohort analysis of dMRI metrics across 3047 individuals from 28 cohorts currently participating in the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD working group (a joint partnership between the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis consortium). Comparing regional white matter metrics across the full brain in 1426 individuals with PTSD and 1621 controls (2174 males/873 females) between ages 18-83, 92% of whom were trauma-exposed, we report associations between PTSD and disrupted white matter organization measured by lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the tapetum region of the corpus callosum (Cohen's d = -0.11, p = 0.0055). The tapetum connects the left and right hippocampus, for which structure and function have been consistently implicated in PTSD. Results were consistent even after accounting for the effects of multiple potentially confounding variables: childhood trauma exposure, comorbid depression, history of traumatic brain injury, current alcohol abuse or dependence, and current use of psychotropic medications. Our results show that PTSD may be associated with alterations in the broader hippocampal network.

Published
2021

49. Structural brain imaging studies offer clues about the effects of the shared genetic etiology among neuropsychiatric disorders

Author

Radonjić, Nevena V, Hess, Jonathan L, Rovira, Paula, Andreassen, Ole, Buitelaar, Jan K, Ching, Christopher RK, Franke, Barbara, Hoogman, Martine, Jahanshad, Neda, McDonald, Carrie, Schmaal, Lianne, Sisodiya, Sanjay M, Stein, Dan J, van den Heuvel, Odile A, van Erp, Theo GM, van Rooij, Daan, Veltman, Dick J, Thompson, Paul, and Faraone, Stephen V

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Neurosciences, Serious Mental Illness, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Autism, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Schizophrenia, Mental Health, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Brain, Depressive Disorder, Major, Humans, Neuroimaging, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Genomewide association studies have found significant genetic correlations among many neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, we know much less about the degree to which structural brain alterations are similar among disorders and, if so, the degree to which such similarities have a genetic etiology. From the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, we acquired standardized mean differences (SMDs) in regional brain volume and cortical thickness between cases and controls. We had data on 41 brain regions for: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), epilepsy, major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia (SCZ). These data had been derived from 24,360 patients and 37,425 controls. The SMDs were significantly correlated between SCZ and BD, OCD, MDD, and ASD. MDD was positively correlated with BD and OCD. BD was positively correlated with OCD and negatively correlated with ADHD. These pairwise correlations among disorders were correlated with the corresponding pairwise correlations among disorders derived from genomewide association studies (r = 0.494). Our results show substantial similarities in sMRI phenotypes among neuropsychiatric disorders and suggest that these similarities are accounted for, in part, by corresponding similarities in common genetic variant architectures.

Published
2021

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