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Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El uso de programas para la enseñanza de valores sociales por medio del deporte se ha ido popularizando los últimos años. Sin embargo, se ha reportado evidencia limitada sobre la programación implementada por organizaciones gubernamentales en Centro América. El propósito de nuestro estudio se centró en analizar el estado de implementación de un programa de mentoría impartido por atletas para centros educativos escolares en Guatemala. Los objetivos de la investigación se lograron mediante un enfoque cuantitativo y la participación de 70 participantes involucrados en el programa. Los resultados muestran que el programa posee un alto nivel de aceptación entre los maestros y alumnos; los atletas se transforman en modelos de rol para los estudiantes y motivación para los maestros durante el programa; el modelo de intervención está basado en sólida programación pedagógica estandarizada, adaptada al curriculum educativo nacional base. El modelo de sostenibilidad del programa es efectivo en relación costo-beneficio haciéndolo sostenible. Futura investigación deberá realizarse para medir el impacto de la programación en los estudiantes y los padres de familia involucrados en la intervención del programa. Palabras clave: Olimpismo, Valores, Desarrollo Sostenible, Educación Olimpica, Mentoria Abstract. The use of programs to teach social values ​​through sports has become popular in recent years. However, limited evidence has been reported on programming implemented by government organizations in Central America. The purpose of our study focused on analyzing the status of implementation of a mentoring program taught by athletes for school educational centers in Guatemala. The research objectives were achieved through a quantitative approach and the participation of 70 participants involved in the program. The results show that the program has a high level of acceptance among teachers and students; athletes become role models for students and motivation for teachers during the program; The intervention model is based on solid standardized pedagogical programming, adapted to the basic national educational curriculum. The program's sustainability model is cost-effective, making it sustainable. Future research should be conducted to measure the impact of the programming on the students and parents involved in the program intervention. Keywords: Olympism, Values, Sustainable Development, Olympic Education, Mentoring

Resumen: El movimiento olímpico manifiesta desde sus orígenes unos objetivos y unos valores que constituyen su razón de ser. En este trabajo se exponen los valores que inspiraron a Coubertin y a cuya promoción sirve el Movimiento Olímpico, así como su plasmación concreta en la Carta Olímpica. Esta plasmación en la Carta Olímpica se acompaña de un estudio sistemático de la evolución de la Carta y los valores en ella recogidos para determinar la vigencia del pensamiento de Coubertin en la misma, así como el planteamiento de su carácter de “Constitución transnacional”, junto a los retos de futuro que todavía se plantean. Abstract: The Olympic movement has manifested, since its origins, objectives and values that constitute its raison d'être. This paper presents the values that inspired Coubertin and whose promotion the Olympic Movement serves, as well as their concrete embodiment in the Olympic Charter. The Charter is accompanied by a systematic study of the evolution of the Charter and the values it embodies in order to determine the relevance of the Olympic Movement's values. The evolution of the Charter and the values contained therein to determine the relevance of Coubertin's thinking in the Charter, so its character as a "transnational Constitution”, as well as the challenges tofo the future that still remain.

Resumen Durante el período de entreguerras, el olimpismo alcanzó un prestigio creciente, tanto por su labor, como por la expansión del deporte a todos los niveles y su positiva consideración. El COI buscó ampliar su influencia más allá de las fronteras europeas y uno de los espacios de expansión fue América Latina. Para ello se buscó la colaboración de integrantes del COI y entre ellos resaltó la figura de Pedro J. Matheu, un diplomático salvadoreño que sirvió para difundir los principios impulsados por el barón de Coubertin en América Central. A través de su archivo personal pueden apreciarse los esfuerzos para la puesta en marcha de los Juegos Centroamericanos y del Caribe y su celebración en 1926, 1930, 1935 y 1938 y las estrategias seguidas desde Lausana para su desarrollo. Abstract During the inter-war period, Olympism achieved growing prestige, both for its work and for the expansion of sport at all levels and its positive regard. The IOC sought to extend its influence beyond European borders and one of the areas of expansion was Latin America. To this end, the collaboration of members of the IOC was sought and among them the figure of Pedro J. Matheu, a Salvadorian diplomat who served to spread the principles promoted by Baron de Coubertin in Central America, stood out. His personal archives show the efforts made to set up the Central American and Caribbean Games and their celebration in 1926, 1930, 1935 and 1938, and the strategies followed from Lausannefor their development.

Resenha do Livro: SOTOMAYOR, Antonio; TORRES, Cesar (org.). Olimpismo: the Olympic movement in the making of Latin America and the Caribbean. Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 2020. 265 p.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El inicio del boxeo femenino y su primer combate dentro de los eventos que constituyeron los Juegos de San Luis de 1904 se produjo a pesar de no contar con el beneplácito ni de Coubertin ni de otros sectores sociales médicos, que argumentaban los problemas de salud que los esfuerzos físicos excesivos podían implicar para las mujeres. Por otra parte, ciertos sectores del “cuarto poder” que ya comenzaba a ser la prensa, encontraban en las competiciones deportivas femeninas una fuente de titulares expuestos como esperpénticos para conseguir aumentar sus lectores. Era una oportunidad de ridiculizar y utilizar de mofa a las pocas deportistas que osaban iniciarse. Aquellos aspectos, al igual que los condicionantes relativos al rol social de las mujeres, determinaron un posicionamiento del Comité Olímpico Internacional que se prolongó durante un siglo, influyendo decisivamente en la incorporación tan tardía que la práctica del boxeo femenino ha experimentado en las estructuras deportivas. La evolución de los criterios del Movimiento Olímpico actual, al respecto del deporte de las mujeres ha sido definitiva a partir de la labor de Juan Antonio Samaranch. Abstract The beginning of feminine boxing and its first combat within the events that constituted the 1904 San Luis Games took place in spite of not having the approval of either Coubertin or other medical social sectors, who argued the health problems that excessive physical efforts could imply for women. On the other hand, certain sectors of the "fourth estate", which was already beginning to be the press, found in women's sports competitions a source of headlines that were exposed as bizarre in order to increase their readership. It was an opportunity to ridicule and make fun of the few athletes who dared to start. Those aspects, as well as the conditioning factors related to the social role of women, determined a position of the International Olympic Committee that lasted for a century, decisively influencing the late incorporation of the practice of female boxing into sports structures. The evolution of the criteria of the current Olympic Movement, with respect to women's sport, has been definitive since the work of Juan Antonio Samaranch.

A entrevista de Raquel Valente de Oliveira e Tuany Defaveri Begossi com Luis Henrique Rolim aborda o percurso e a formação deste pesquisador no campo dos Estudos Olímpicos no Brasil, explorando pontos acerca de seu envolvimento com os Jogos Olímpicos, durante os quais atuou em distintas conjunturas e posições. A filosofia e os valores do Olimpismo consistem em linhas norteadoras da narrativa do entrevistado, que explora a ação da história e da cultura na constituição de narrativas esportivas no domínio Olímpico. Seu relato anuncia os significados e os sentidos do Movimento Olímpico para a conquista do direito das pessoas à prática esportiva. No viés de políticas públicas e de investimento financeiro ao esporte, Luis Henrique Rolim aborda as interconexões: esporte de alto rendimento ou esporte para todos(as)? As narrativas do entrevistado corroboram aspectos históricos e socioculturais do esporte Olímpico nos panoramas nacional e internacional, despontando representações arquitetadas ao longo de trajetória pessoal e profissional.

Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actividad Fisica & Deporte is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas & Ambientales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Medicine & Science of Physical Activity & Sport / Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los factores socio-demográficos, económicos y deportivos relacionados con los resultados de participación del equipo olímpico español en los JJ.OO. de Pekín 2008, Londres 2012 y Rio de Janeiro 2016, analizando si el sexo del deportista provoca variaciones en el modelo. Se obtuvieron datos de 875 deportistas olímpicos pertenecientes al equipo español entre los años 2005 y 2016, así como de diferentes parámetros socio-demográficos, económicos, y deportivos. Se realizó un análisis de componentes principales que mostró que la población, el presupuesto deportivo, las licencias deportivas, los deportistas de alto nivel (DAN), los deportistas becados, la brecha de género y el PIB explicaban un 79,81% de la varianza total. Al realizar el modelo en función del sexo se encontró un modelo similar al general en mujeres y hombres. En conclusión, la participación de hombres y mujeres en el olimpismo español se debe a una gran amalgama de variables, no existiendo grandes diferencias en la influencia de las mismas en función sexo. Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the socio-demographic, economic and sports factors related to the results of the Spanish Olympic team's participation in the Olympic Games of Beijing 2008, London 2012 and Rio de Janeiro 2016, analyzing whether the sex of the athlete causes variations in the model. Data was obtained from 875 Olympic athletes belonging to the Spanish team between 2005 and 2016, as well as from different socio-demographic, economic and sports parameters. A main component analysis was carried out which showed that the population, sports budget, sports licenses, top level athletes (TLA), scholarship awarded athletes, gender gap and GDP explained 79.81% of the total variance. When the gender model was carried out, a similar pattern to the general one was found in women and men. In conclusion, the participation of men and women in the Spanish Olympics is due to a great amalgam of variables, and there are no great differences in the influence of these variables according to gender.

El mundo del periodismo está inmerso en una revolución permanente, lo que le hace estar sumido en cambios tecnológicos y laborales de los que es difícil aventurar un futuro. Además, la irrupción de los entornos multimedia en las redacciones y la aparición de gabinetes de prensa y gestores de contenidos digitales ha modificado la tradicional relación informativa entre los informadores y sus fuentes. Se ha perdido la relación personal y la cercanía y eso puede ser perjudicial en entornos emergentes, como el del deporte femenino. Con el horizonte de los Juegos de Tokio 2020 aplazados hasta 2021, este trabajo revisa las relaciones entre periodistas de ABC y las deportistas olímpicas desde 1972, con la esperanza de que la modernidad no afecte al tratamiento informativo de las atletas en el futuro.

Copyright of Movimento (0104754X) is the property of Movimento, da Escola de Educacao, Fisica, Fisioterapia e Danca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los juegos olímpicos son uno de los eventos deportivos más seguidos y celebrados de todo el planeta, y conseguir una medalla olímpica es la máxima aspiración en la carrera de un deportista. En la presente investigación se analizan los medallistas de los juegos olímpicos modernos de verano (1896-2012), y se presta especial atención a su sexo y procedencia. A lo largo del estudio, se analizaron 14670 medallistas olímpicos de 140 países que compitieron en 52 especialidades deportivas durante 27 olimpiadas. De acuerdo con los resultados, EEUU es el país con el mayor número de deportistas premiados en este evento, seguido por la URSS y la Gran Bretaña. En cuanto al continente de procedencia de los medallistas, Europa abarca el mayor número de galardonados, seguido por América del Norte y Central y Asia. Considerando la modalidad deportiva, Europa es el continente con el mayor número de medallistas en la totalidad de las modalidades, seguido por América del Norte y Central en los deportes individuales y de cooperación, y por Asia en las modalidades de oposición y cooperación-oposición. En relación con el sexo, la participación de las mujeres en los juegos olímpicos fue escasa hasta la olimpiada de Ámsterdam, en 1928, y, a pesar de su aumento considerable en las competiciones olímpicas posteriores, el número de las medallistas nunca ha alcanzado la cantidad de los deportistas masculinos en los podios.

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Intercontinental Journal of Sport Management / Revista Intercontinental de Gestão Desportiva is the property of Revista Intercontinental de Gestao Desportiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nuestra actual forma de practicar y entender el deporte, en cuanto a valores asociados se refiere, ha sido fijada principalmente por el Movimiento Olímpico. El Comité Olímpico Internacional reconoce tres valores fundamentales que definen el Olimpismo moderno: excelencia, amistad y respeto. Olimpízate es una iniciativa interdisciplinar, a la que se han adherido todos los departamentos didácticos de un centro de enseñanza secundaria, con el ánimo de incidir, desde diversas perspectivas, en la adquisición y proyección de los valores olímpicos. Los materiales se han presentado como una forma de promover el aprendizaje y la participación, estimular el pensamiento crítico, contribuir al desarrollo personal y social del alumno, descubrir la realidad olímpica, su historia y simbología y fomentar e inculcar los valores olímpicos en la comunidad educativa. Esta experiencia nos ha permitido explorar y poner en práctica las enormes posibilidades que tiene un centro educativo para incentivar la educación olímpica en los alumnos y alumnas de secundaria. Abstract. Our current way to practice and understand the sport, in terms of associated values, has been set primarily by the Olympic Movement. The International Olympic Committee recognizes three fundamental values defining modern Olympism: excellence, friendship, and respect. Olimpízate is an interdisciplinary initiative that has joined all teaching departments of secondary schools, with the aim to foster the acquisition and projection of the Olympic Values from various perspectives. Materials have been presented as a way to promote learning and participation, to encourage critical thinking, to contribute to personal and social development of students, to discover the Olympic reality, its history and symbolism, and to promote and inculcate the Olympic values within the education community. This experience has allowed us to explore and implement the vast opportunities that schools have to encourage Olympic education in high school students.

O trabalho objetiva destacar a importância da arte e da cultura, em suas diversas manifestações, na representatividade dos Jogos Olímpicos, resgatando o que não foi concretizado desde Atenas, 1896, apesar do empenho de Pierre de Coubertin em tentar implantar uma Olimpíada Cultural, paralela às disputas atléticas, o que só foi conseguido em 1912. Tratava-se de uma iniciativa que se espelhava em procedimentos adotados na Grécia Antiga, quando os jogos se desenrolavam paralelamente a festivais de música, de dança, de canto e de balé, premiando-se todos os participantes, independente do brilhantismo ou não de suas apresentações. Também, procede-se a uma retrospectiva dos vencedores dos eventos culturais até os Jogos Olímpicos de 1948, quando os concursos foram extintos por suspeitas de fraude na execução das obras apresentadas. No epílogo do trabalho, faz-se uma rápida abordagem sobre a Academia Olímpica Internacional, igualmente, uma iniciativa do Comitê Olímpico Internacional (COI) em manter acesa a chama olímpica, no que tange aos ensinamentos transmitidos por renomadas autoridades do assunto “Olimpismo”, através de jornadas anuais realizadas em Olímpia.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as razões que levam à produção de um programa jornalístico como ferramenta de comunicação para um movimento de ação e mobilização social pelo esporte educacional, disseminando os princípios do olimpismo e da educação integral. O objeto de estudo é o programa "Caravana do Esporte”, veiculado mensalmente pelo canal ESPN Brasil, num universo dominado pelo esporte de alto rendimento, pelo entretenimento e pelo crescente culto às celebridades do esporte. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Esporte e Educação. Jornalismo Esportivo. Olimpismo. Televisão.

A Carta Olímpica (CA) assinala a missão Movimento Olímpico (MO) no sentido de construir um mundo melhor. Através dos valores associados à busca de excelência, celebração da amizade e demonstração de respeito, a prática desportiva emerge como uma ferramenta de educação de elevado interesse. Enquanto agentes com intervenção particular, isto é, a responsabilidade na condução e ensino da atividade desportiva, os treinadores são elementos cruciais no processo de desenvolvimento dos valores que se querem manifestados através da prática desportiva Não obstante e sabendo que a nível da formação existe um modulo de ética, queremos saber ate que ponto os nossos treinadores estão sensibilizados para a temática da Ética, Olimpismo e dos Valores. Este estudo teve por base a aplicação de questionários aos treinadores, e pretende se saber se os treinadores transmitem os valores aos seus atletas e em que situação, saber que conhecimentos tem sobre o movimento olímpico e quais os valores desportivos tem na sua formação como treinadores. Resumen. La Carta Olímpica (CA) señala la misión Movimiento Olímpico (MO) para construir un mundo mejor. A través de los valores asociados a la búsqueda de la excelencia, la amistad y la celebración muestra de respeto, el deporte surge como una herramienta educativa de gran interés. Mientras que los agentes con intervención particular, es decir, la responsabilidad en la conducción y la enseñanza en los deportes, los entrenadores son elementos cruciales en el proceso de desarrollo de los valores que se quieren manifestar a través del deporte Sin embargo, y sabiendo que en la formación hay un módulo la ética, queremos saber en qué medida nuestros entrenadores son conscientes del problema de la ética, el Olimpismo y sus valores. Este estudio se basó en cuestionarios dirigidos a los entrenadores, y quieren saber si los entrenadores transmiten valores a sus atletas y en esa situación, sabe que el conocimiento tiene sobre el movimiento olímpico y el que figuras del deporte tienen en su formación como entrenadores.

La realización de los Juegos Olímpicos (J.J.O.O.) de Londres 2012 invita a estudiar la historia del olimpismo, a lo que se dedica, someramente, este artículo. En la antigüedad, como en la época moderna, los juegos se celebran cada cuatro años. En la época antigua, se prohibían las guerras para celebrar los juegos, mientras que en la actualidad, se suspendieron los juegos para perpetrar las guerras. Para mantener vivo el espíritu olímpico, el Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI) creó la Academia Olímpica Internacional (AOI) y ésta, a las Academias Olímpicas Nacionales (AON) que, a su vez, crearon las Cátedras de Estudios Olímpicos (CEO), que abarcan en detalle los acontecimientos olímpicos y se detienen en la definición clásica de los J.J.O.O., que corresponde a una convocatoria para competir en deportes aprobados, a nivel internacional. La Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A, como líder de las CEO en Colombia, orienta y profundiza en el olimpismo con la filosofía de sus creadores.The carrying out of the Olympic Games London 2012 invites to study the history of the Olympics, to which this article is, basically, dedicated. In the olden as well in the modern days Olympic Games are celebrated every four years. In the ancient times wars were prohibited while celebrating the games. In the modern times the games were suspended to be at war. To maintain the Olympic Spirit the COI (International Olympic Committee) created the AOI (International Olympic Academy) and this one the I.O.A. (The International Olympic Academy) which, at the same time created the CEO (The Olympic Studies Professorship); the last ones include, with details the Olympic happenings and maintain the classic definition of the games which corresponds to the summon to compete within internationally approved sports. The University of Applied and Environmental Sciences U.D.C.A, as leader of the CEO in Colombia, guides and deepens into the Olympics with the philosophy of its creators.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)