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1. Correlation of Ocular Biometry with Axial Length in Elderly Japanese

Author

Tanaka T, Nishitsuka K, and Obata H

Subjects
preoperative cataract patients, central corneal thickness, average anterior corneal radius of curvature, white-to-white, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Takahiro Tanaka, Koichi Nishitsuka, Hiroto Obata Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, JapanCorrespondence: Koichi Nishitsuka, Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan, Tel +81-49-228-3682, Fax +81-49-225-5722, Email mlc12186@nifty.comPurpose: Ocular parameters are not only useful for diagnosing diseases but also for guiding treatment approaches. A lot of previous studies have reported ocular parameters and its relations before cataract surgery. However, despite ethnic differences in ocular biometry, few reports have dealt with Japanese. Hence, this retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to measure parameters of preoperative cataract patients and examines the correlations between each parameter in Japanese elderly people.Patients and Methods: The 210 subjects had their ocular axial lengths measured with OA-2000. The endpoints were ocular axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), average anterior corneal radius of curvature (CR), white-to-white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT). Our analyses utilized the eye with the longer AL in each person. Each parameter was analyzed for correlations in a round-robin manner. Regression analyses were performed on parameters correlated with AL.Results: The parameters correlated with AL were CR (r = 0.33, P < 0.0001), WTW (r = 0.29, P < 0.0001), ACD (r = 0.59, P < 0.0001), and LT (r = − 0.30, P < 0.0001). These parameters related to AL in all simple regression equations (CR (P < 0.0001), WTW (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.0001)). In multiple regression analyses, CR, ACD, and LT might relate to AL (CR (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.018)). LT tended to be thinner as AL increased, while CR, WTW, and ACD tended to increase.Conclusion: This information may be useful in developing strategies for ophthalmic surgery, as it provides information on the location of intraocular tissues. Various parameters have been used in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in recent years and knowledge of the interrelationship among parameters may be useful in determining IOL power according to ethnicity in the future.Keywords: preoperative cataract patients, central corneal thickness, average anterior corneal radius of curvature, white-to-white, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness

Published
2024

2. Clinicopathological features of epiretinal membranes in eyes filled with silicone oil

Author

Tanaka Y, Toyoda F, Shimmura-Tomita M, Kinoshita N, Takano H, Dobashi Y, Yamada S, Obata H, and Kakehashi A

Subjects
epiretinal membrane, optical coherence tomography, pathological feature, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, silicone oil, vitrectomy, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Yoshiaki Tanaka,1 Fumihiko Toyoda,1 Machiko Shimmura-Tomita,1 Nozomi Kinoshita,1 Hiroko Takano,1 Yoh Dobashi,2 Shigeki Yamada,2 Hiroto Obata,3 Akihiro Kakehashi1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; 2Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan Purpose: The aim of this case series was to clarify the clinicopathological features of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) that developed in eyes after silicone oil (SO) tamponade to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs). Patients and methods: In the Department of Ophthalmology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, patients with idiopathic ERMs (23 eyes) and ERMs in eyes filled with SO (SO ERMs) after vitreous surgery to treat RRDs (nine eyes) were enrolled from July 2012 to March 2014. ERM tissues obtained intraoperatively were examined histopathologically. Besides the main outcome measure of the pathological findings of the ERM tissues, other outcome measures included the preoperative findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and the surgical findings. Results: Eight (89%) of nine eyes with SO ERMs had bilayered membranes composed of a firm layer on the retinal side with glial cells and extracellular matrix and a fragile sponge-like layer on the vitreous side. The sponge-like layer was composed of emulsified SO surrounded by macrophages. Quantitative analysis showed that the areas with cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68)-positive macrophages identified by immunohistochemistry in eyes with SO ERMs were significantly (P

Published
2018

3. Correlations between choroidal abnormalities, Lisch nodules, and age in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1

Author

Makino S, Tampo H, Arai Y, and Obata H

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Shinji Makino, Hironobu Tampo, Yusuke Arai, Hiroto ObataDepartment of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, JapanAbstract: To evaluate correlations between choroidal abnormalities, Lisch nodules, and age in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), we examined ten cases with NF1 using near-infrared reflectance imaging. Patients ranged in age from 4 to 39 years. The angle used for near-infrared reflectance imaging was 55°. We counted the total number of choroidal abnormalities in an area within a 55° angle centered on the fovea and the total number of Lisch nodules on the iris by slit-lamp examination. No positive correlation was found between the number of Lisch nodules and patient age (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ρ=0.117, P=0.7414). Choroidal abnormalities tended to increase with age (ρ=0.6150), but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.0650). A positive correlation was found between the number of choroidal abnormalities and Lisch nodules (ρ=0.783, P=0.0267). In conclusion, choroidal abnormalities tend to increase with patient age and are correlated with the number of Lisch nodules.Keywords: neurofibromatosis type 1, near-infrared reflectance, choroidal abnormality, Lisch nodule, age

Published
2014

4. Rivaroxaban Monotherapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Stenting

Author

Matoba, Tetsuya, primary, Yasuda, Satoshi, additional, Kaikita, Koichi, additional, Akao, Masaharu, additional, Ako, Junya, additional, Nakamura, Masato, additional, Miyauchi, Katsumi, additional, Hagiwara, Nobuhisa, additional, Kimura, Kazuo, additional, Hirayama, Atsushi, additional, Matsui, Kunihiko, additional, Ogawa, Hisao, additional, Matoba, Tetsuya, additional, Koretsune, Yukihiro, additional, Hiro, Takafumi, additional, Sumiyoshi, Tetsuya, additional, Kimura, Kazumi, additional, Hashimoto, Yoichiro, additional, Hirano, Teruyuki, additional, Daida, Hiroyuki, additional, Okada, Yasushi, additional, Yamazaki, Tsutomu, additional, Nakamura, A., additional, Tamiya, E., additional, Yamamoto, T., additional, Suetake, S., additional, Noguchi, T., additional, Nakamura, S., additional, Matsumura, A., additional, Kojima, J., additional, Suwa, S., additional, Yamaguchi, H., additional, Kaikita, K., additional, Yasu, T., additional, Nakajima, A., additional, Yamada, T., additional, Arai, H., additional, Hata, Y., additional, Sakanashi, T., additional, Tateishi, H., additional, Nakayama, T., additional, Nozaki, Y., additional, Akao, M., additional, Okumura, Y., additional, Tokue, M., additional, Kuroki, N., additional, Maruyama, Y., additional, Matoba, T., additional, Hagiwara, N., additional, Suzuki, H., additional, Nishida, Y., additional, Ajioka, M., additional, Yumoto, K., additional, Shimizu, S., additional, Aoyama, T., additional, Shimomura, H., additional, Takeda, T., additional, Oshiro, K., additional, Sugishita, N., additional, Shibata, Y., additional, Otonari, T., additional, Kihara, H., additional, Ogawa, H., additional, Ohno, A., additional, Hazama, M., additional, Shimizu, M., additional, Tsukahara, K., additional, Haruta, S., additional, Wakeyama, T., additional, Haruna, T., additional, Ito, M., additional, Fujii, K., additional, Atsuchi, N., additional, Sata, M., additional, Kimura, K., additional, Hasebe, N., additional, Kobayasi, Y., additional, Ohsato, K., additional, Hironaga, K., additional, Naganuma, Y., additional, Anzaki, K., additional, Oiwa, K., additional, Okazaki, S., additional, Nakagawa, Y., additional, Tokuhiro, K., additional, Tanaka, K., additional, Momose, T., additional, Fukushima, Y., additional, Kametani, R., additional, Kawamitsu, K., additional, Saito, Y., additional, Akashi, S., additional, Kumagai, K., additional, Eshima, K., additional, Tobaru, T., additional, Seo, T., additional, Okuhara, K., additional, Kozuma, K., additional, Ikari, Y., additional, Takahashi, T., additional, Michishita, I., additional, Fujikura, H., additional, Momomura, S., additional, Yamamoto, Y., additional, Otomo, K., additional, Matsubara, T., additional, Tashiro, H., additional, Inoue, T., additional, Ishihara, M., additional, Shiojima, I., additional, Tachibana, E., additional, Ako, J., additional, Sumii, K., additional, Yamamoto, N., additional, Ohmura, N., additional, Nakamura, T., additional, Morita, Y., additional, Takahashi, N., additional, Watanabe, K., additional, Fujinaga, H., additional, Maruyama, M., additional, Oka, T., additional, Shirayama, T., additional, Amano, T., additional, Fukui, K., additional, Ando, K., additional, Oshima, S., additional, Kagiyama, S., additional, Teragawa, H., additional, Yuge, M., additional, Ono, S., additional, Koga, T., additional, Fujiu, K., additional, Kuwabara, M., additional, Ohya, Y., additional, Yumoto, Y., additional, Kuji, N., additional, Ikemura, M., additional, Kario, K., additional, Chatani, K., additional, Sato, K., additional, Miyagi, H., additional, Murakami, M., additional, Saito, K., additional, Hoshiga, M., additional, Sato, S., additional, Kubo, N., additional, Sakamoto, Y., additional, Ashida, K., additional, Sakamoto, H., additional, Murasaki, S., additional, Uehara, H., additional, Akasaka, T., additional, Ooba, Y., additional, Nakahara, S., additional, Hanaoka, Y., additional, Nishimiya, T., additional, Tsunoda, R., additional, Onuma, Y., additional, Higuchi, S., additional, Tani, A., additional, Wada, A., additional, Kato, M., additional, Obata, H., additional, Higuchi, Y., additional, Endo, T., additional, Katou, R., additional, Matsunaga, T., additional, Matsuoka, T., additional, Noguchi, H., additional, Usui, M., additional, Hayashi, T., additional, Otsuji, Y., additional, Osaki, T., additional, Zaizen, H., additional, Yoshihara, H., additional, Kadota, K., additional, Hirose, T., additional, Miyazawa, T., additional, Mori, A., additional, Takano, M., additional, Shimizu, W., additional, Wake, M., additional, Oriso, S., additional, Yoshiyama, M., additional, Kakinoki, S., additional, Nishioka, T., additional, Ozaki, T., additional, Nomoto, K., additional, Seki, K., additional, Kawai, K., additional, Ozaki, Y., additional, Miura, S., additional, Kawasaki, M., additional, Funada, R., additional, Dote, K., additional, Nagano, T., additional, Okamoto, S., additional, Kubo, T., additional, Murozono, Y., additional, Owada, T., additional, Doke, T., additional, Matsumura, T., additional, Horiuchi, M., additional, Takaishi, A., additional, Yamamoto, M., additional, Nakashima, H., additional, Munemasa, M., additional, Sakata, Y., additional, Inoue, N., additional, Ota, T., additional, Hamano, Y., additional, Abe, N., additional, Tsubokura, T., additional, Goto, M., additional, Kubota, I., additional, Yano, M., additional, Umetani, K., additional, Date, T., additional, Morimoto, H., additional, Noda, T., additional, Goto, S., additional, Hibi, K., additional, Nakano, A., additional, Hiramitsu, S., additional, Kihara, Y., additional, Sugi, M., additional, Shiba, N., additional, Izumi, D., additional, Sato, T., additional, Tayama, S., additional, Matsui, T., additional, Suzuki, A., additional, Ajiki, K., additional, Oishi, M., additional, Kiryu, M., additional, Ko, T., additional, Ando, H., additional, Miyazaki, S., additional, Kinugawa, T., additional, Otake, H., additional, Kitaoka, H., additional, Hirata, Y., additional, Honda, S., additional, Manita, M., additional, Ishii, Y., additional, Oka, H., additional, Nanba, Y., additional, Nishino, M., additional, Sakamoto, T., additional, Saito, T., additional, Sakai, H., additional, Ichikawa, M., additional, Namiuchi, S., additional, Inoue, K., additional, Komiyama, N., additional, Akashi, Y., additional, Nakamura, Y., additional, Komaru, T., additional, Hosokawa, T., additional, Chikamori, T., additional, Tanaka, H., additional, Arasaki, O., additional, Aonuma, K., additional, Wakasa, Y., additional, Yoshizawa, T., additional, Sugano, T., additional, Yokota, N., additional, Kakutani, A., additional, Suzuki, T., additional, Abe, Y., additional, Kataoka, T., additional, Okayama, H., additional, Yokoi, H., additional, Chin, K., additional, Hasegawa, K., additional, Tomita, H., additional, Honzyo, H., additional, Kawai, H., additional, Yamamoto, K., additional, Morino, Y., additional, Tsujiyama, S., additional, Hamasaki, S., additional, Niijima, Y., additional, Mizuno, Y., additional, Maki, A., additional, Tanabe, K., additional, Murohara, T., additional, Naomi, S., additional, Arikawa, M., additional, Kato, T., additional, Matsumoto, N., additional, Minamino, T., additional, Sairenji, H., additional, Miyamoto, N., additional, Ito, H., additional, Matsuura, Y., additional, Hata, S., additional, Nakatsu, Y., additional, Onodera, T., additional, Yoshimura, M., additional, Amano, H., additional, Tokutake, E., additional, Kasao, M., additional, Moriguchi, M., additional, Tsuji, M., additional, Yamamoto, H., additional, Yanbe, Y., additional, Iwasawa, T., additional, Suzuki, M., additional, and Mori, H., additional

Published
2021
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13. GEOTRACES intercalibration of neodymium isotopes and rare earth element concentrations in seawater and suspended particles. Part 1: reproducibility of results for the international intercomparison

Author

van de Flierdt, T, Pahnke, K, Amakawa, H, Andersson, P, Basak, C, Coles, B, Colin, C, Crocket, K, Frank, M, Frank, N, Goldstein, S, Goswami, V, Haley, B, Hathorne, E, Hemming, SR, Henderson, G, Jeandel, C, Jones, K, Kreissig, K, Lacan, F, Lambelet, M, Martin, E, Newkirk, DR, Obata, H, and Pena, L

Abstract

One of the key activities during the initial phase of the international GEOTRACES program was an extensive international intercalibration effort, to ensure that results for a range of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) from different cruises and from different laboratories can be compared in a meaningful way. Here we present the results from the intercalibration efforts on neodymium isotopes and rare earth elements in seawater and marine particles. Fifteen different laboratories reported results for dissolved 143Nd/144Nd ratios in seawater at three different locations (BATS 15 m, BATS 2000 m, SAFe 3000 m), with an overall agreement within 47 to 57 ppm (2σ standard deviation of the mean). A similar agreement was found for analyses of an unknown pure Nd standard solution carried out by 13 laboratories (56 ppm), indicating that mass spectrometry is the main variable in achieving accurate and precise Nd isotope ratios. Overall, this result is very satisfactory, as the achieved precision is a factor of 40 better than the range of Nd isotopic compositions observed in the global ocean. Intercalibration for dissolved rare earth element concentrations (REEs) by six laboratories for two water depths at BATS yielded a reproducibility of 15% or better for all REE except Ce, which seems to be the most blank-sensitive REE. Neodymium concentrations from 12 laboratories show an agreement within 9%, reflecting the best currently possible reproducibility. Results for Nd isotopic compositions and REE concentrations on marine particles are inconclusive, and should be revisited in the future. © 2012, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.

Published
2016

14. Western Pacific Air-Sea Interaction Study

Author

Yokouchi, Y., Ooki, A., Hashimoto, S., Itoh, N., Hatakeyama, S., Akatsuka, T., Osada, K., Miura, K., Furutani, H., Iwamoto, Y., Nagano, K., Kobayashi, H., Mochida, M., Mukai, H., Takami, M., Uematsu, M., Takahashi, Y., Higashi, M., Furukawa, T., Miyoshi, T., Fujiwara, M., Fukushima, H., Jinyoung, J., Uno, I., Eguchi, K., Yumimoto, K., Tanimoto, H., Kameyama, S., Omori, Y., Inomata, S., Tsunogai, U., Toyoda, S., Yamada, K., Ueno, Y., Koba, K., Yoshida, O., Watanabe, Y. W., Yasuda, I., Tsurushima, N., Yoshikawa-Inoue, H., Midorikawa, T., Takamura, T. R., Takeda, S., Obata, H., Okubo, A., Sato, M., Kondo, Y., Ogawa, H., Kogure, K., Kanda, J., Hashihama, F., Suzumura, M., Hamasaki, K., Sato-Takabe, Y., Taniguchi, A., Tada, Y., Kaneko, R., Mouri, A., Kasamatsu-Takasawa, N., Nagao, I., Fujii, M., Tanaka, A., Smith, S. L., Aita, M. N., Shigemitsu, M., Yamanaka, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Awaji, T., Ikeda, M., and Toyoda, T.

Abstract

A01: Dynamics of Atmospheric Composition, A Study on the Production and Emission of Marine-Derived Volatile Halocarbons / Y. Yokouchi, A. Ooki, S. Hashimoto and N. Itoh : 05w-pass_001.pdf, Measurements of Gaseous Peroxides in the Oceanic Lower Atmosphere / S. Hatakeyama and T. Akatsuka : 06w-pass_027.pdf, Phase Partitioning of NH3 and Gas to Particle Conversion / K. Osada : 07w-pass_033.pdf, New Particle Formation of Marine Aerosols / K. Miura, H. Furutani, Y. Iwamoto, K. Nagano, H. Kobayashi, M. Mochida, H. Mukai, S. Hashimoto, M. Takami and M. Uematsu : 08w-pass_037.pdf, A Study of the Chemical Processes in Aerosols and Their Impacts on the Environment Using X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy / Y. Takahashi, M. Higashi, T. Furukawa, T. Miyoshi, M. Fujiwara and M. Uematsu : 09w-pass_043.pdf, Variability in Mineral Dust Deposition over the North Pacific and Its Potential Impact on the Ocean Productivity / H. Fukushima : 10w-pass_051.pdf, Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction through Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Observed in a Single Nanoparticle Aspect / H. Furutani, J. Jinyoung and M. Uematsu : 11w-pass_061.pdf, Simultaneous Measurements of Hygroscopic Property and Cloud Condensation Nucleus Activity of Aerosol Particles of Marine Biogenic Origin / M. Mochida : 12w-pass_071.pdf, Eruption of Mt. Kilauea Impacted Cloud Droplet and Radiation Budget over North Pacific / I. Uno, K. Eguchi and K. Yumimoto : 13w-pass_083.pdf, A02: Variability of Gas Exchanges at the Air-Sea Interface, High-Resolution Measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds Dissolved in Seawater Using Equilibrator Inlet-Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (EI-PTR-MS) / H. Tanimoto, S. Kameyama, Y. Omori, S. Inomata and U. Tsunogai : 14w-pass_089.pdf, Study of the Production Processes of Marine Biogenic Methane and Carbonyl Sulfide Using Stable Isotope Analysis / S. Toyoda, K. Yamada, Y. Ueno, K. Koba and O. Yoshida : 15w-pass_117.pdf, Long-Term Changes of Greenhouse Gases in the Ocean and Their Feedback Effects on the Climate / Y. W. Watanabe, I. Yasuda and N. Tsurushima : 16w-pass_123.pdf, Temporal and Spatial Variations in Carbonate System and Air-Sea CO2 Flux in the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension / H. Yoshikawa-Inoue, T. Midorikawa and T. R. Takamura : 17w-pass_151.pdf, A03: Dynamics of the Marine Ecosystem, Bioavailability and Biogeochemical Processes of Trace Metals in the Surface Ocean / S. Takeda, H. Obata, A. Okubo, M. Sato and Y. Kondo : 18w-pass_163.pdf, Detailed Variations in Bioactive Elements in the Surface Ocean and Their Interaction with Microbiological Processes / H. Ogawa, K. Kogure, J. Kanda, F. Hashihama and M. Suzumura : 19w-pass_177.pdf, Photoheterotrophic Process in Surface Seawater Environments / K. Hamasaki, Y. Sato-Takabe, A. Taniguchi and Y. Tada : 20w-pass_199.pdf, Ecological Study of Bacterial Populations Related to Biogenic Gas Transformation in Marine Environments / K. Hamasaki, R. Kaneko, A. Mouri, Y. Tada, N. Kasamatsu-Takasawa and I. Nagao : 21w-pass_203.pdf, A04: Modelling of the Interaction between the Ocean and the Atmosphere, Modeling for Evaluation and Prediction of Effects of Short-Term Atmospheric Disturbance on Air-Sea Material Cycling / M. Fujii and A. Tanaka : 22w-pass_211.pdf, Relating Phytoplankton Pnysiology to North Pacific Biogeochemistry / S. L. Smith, M. N. Aita, M. Shigemitsu and Y. Yamanaka : 23w-pass_223.pdf, Coupling of Physical and Bio-Geochemical Process and Monitoring Ocean Circulation Using Data Assimilation System / Y. Ishikawa, T. Awaji, M. Ikeda and T. Toyoda : 24w-pass_237.pdf, Part of "Western Pacific Air-Sea Interaction Study"

Published
2014

15. Impact of Blood Pressure Control on Thromboembolism and Major Hemorrhage in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Subanalysis of the J‐RHYTHM Registry

Author

Kodani, Eitaro, primary, Atarashi, Hirotsugu, additional, Inoue, Hiroshi, additional, Okumura, Ken, additional, Yamashita, Takeshi, additional, Otsuka, Toshiaki, additional, Tomita, Hirofumi, additional, Origasa, Hideki, additional, Sakurai, M., additional, Kawamura, Y., additional, Kubota, I., additional, Kaneko, Y., additional, Matsumoto, K., additional, Ogawa, S., additional, Aizawa, Y., additional, Kodama, I., additional, Watanabe, E., additional, Koretsune, Y., additional, Okuyama, Y., additional, Shimizu, A., additional, Igawa, O., additional, Bando, S., additional, Fukatani, M., additional, Saikawa, T., additional, Chishaki, A., additional, Kato, N., additional, Kanda, K., additional, Kato, J., additional, Obata, H., additional, Aoki, M., additional, Honda, H., additional, Konta, Y., additional, Hatayama, T., additional, Abe, Y., additional, Terata, K., additional, Yagi, T., additional, Ishida, A., additional, Komatsu, T., additional, Tachibana, H., additional, Suzuki, H., additional, Kamiyama, Y., additional, Watanabe, T., additional, Oguma, M., additional, Itoh, M., additional, Hirono, O., additional, Tsunoda, Y., additional, Ikeda, K., additional, Kanaya, T., additional, Sakurai, K., additional, Sukekawa, H., additional, Nakada, S., additional, Itoh, T., additional, Tange, S., additional, Manita, M., additional, Ohta, M., additional, Eguma, H., additional, Kato, R., additional, Endo, Y., additional, Ogino, T., additional, Yamazaki, M., additional, Kanki, H., additional, Uchida, M., additional, Miyanaga, S., additional, Shibayama, K., additional, Toratani, N., additional, Kojima, T., additional, Ichikawa, M., additional, Saito, M., additional, Umeda, Y., additional, Sawanobori, T., additional, Sohara, H., additional, Okubo, S., additional, Okubo, T., additional, Tokunaga, T., additional, Kuboyama, O., additional, Ito, H., additional, Kitahara, Y., additional, Sagara, K., additional, Satoh, T., additional, Sugi, K., additional, Kobayashi, Y., additional, Higashi, Y., additional, Katoh, T., additional, Hirayama, Y., additional, Matsumoto, N., additional, Takano, M., additional, Ikeda, T., additional, Yusu, S., additional, Niwano, S., additional, Nakazato, Y., additional, Kawano, Y., additional, Sumiyoshi, M., additional, Hagiwara, N., additional, Murasaki, K., additional, Mitamura, H., additional, Nakagawa, S., additional, Okishige, K., additional, Azegami, K., additional, Aoyagi, H., additional, Sugiyama, K., additional, Nishizaki, M., additional, Yamawake, N., additional, Watanabe, I., additional, Ohkubo, K., additional, Sakurada, H., additional, Fukamizu, S., additional, Suzuki, M., additional, Nagahori, W., additional, Nakamura, T., additional, Murakawa, Y., additional, Hayami, N., additional, Yoshioka, K., additional, Amino, M., additional, Hirao, K., additional, Yagishita, A., additional, Ajiki, K., additional, Fujiu, K., additional, Imai, Y., additional, Yamashina, A., additional, Ishiyama, T., additional, Sakabe, M., additional, Nishida, K., additional, Asanoi, H., additional, Ueno, H., additional, Lee, J. D., additional, Mitsuke, Y., additional, Furushima, H., additional, Ebe, K., additional, Tagawa, M., additional, Sato, M., additional, Morikawa, M., additional, Yamashiro, K., additional, Takami, K., additional, Ozawa, T., additional, Watarai, M., additional, Yamauchi, M., additional, Kamiya, H., additional, Hirayama, H., additional, Yoshida, Y., additional, Murohara, T., additional, Inden, Y., additional, Osanai, H., additional, Ohte, N., additional, Goto, T., additional, Morishima, I., additional, Yamamoto, T., additional, Fujii, E., additional, Senga, M., additional, Hayashi, H., additional, Urushida, T., additional, Takada, Y., additional, Tsuboi, N., additional, Noda, T., additional, Hirose, T., additional, Onodera, T., additional, Kageyama, S., additional, Osaka, T., additional, Tomita, T., additional, Shimada, K., additional, Nomura, M., additional, Izawa, H., additional, Sugiura, A., additional, Arakawa, T., additional, Kimura, K., additional, Mine, T., additional, Makita, T., additional, Mizuno, H., additional, Kobori, A., additional, Haruna, T., additional, Takagi, M., additional, Tanaka, N., additional, Shimizu, H., additional, Kurita, T., additional, Motoki, K., additional, Takeda, N., additional, Kijima, Y., additional, Ito, M., additional, Nakata, A., additional, Ueda, Y., additional, Hirata, A., additional, Kamakura, S., additional, Satomi, K., additional, Yamada, Y., additional, Yoshiga, Y., additional, Ogawa, H., additional, Kimura, M., additional, Hayano, T., additional, Kinbara, T., additional, Tatsuno, H., additional, Harada, M., additional, Kusano, K. F., additional, Adachi, M., additional, Yano, A., additional, Sawaguchi, M., additional, Yamasaki, J., additional, Matsuura, T., additional, Tanaka, Y., additional, Moritani, H., additional, Maki, T., additional, Okada, S., additional, Takechi, M., additional, Hamada, T., additional, Nishikado, A., additional, Takagi, Y., additional, Matsumoto, I., additional, Soeki, T., additional, Doi, Y., additional, Okawa, M., additional, Seo, H., additional, Kitamura, S., additional, Yamamoto, K., additional, Akizawa, M., additional, Kaname, N., additional, Ando, S., additional, Narita, S., additional, Inou, T., additional, Fukuizumi, Y., additional, Saku, K., additional, Ogawa, M., additional, Urabe, Y., additional, Ikeuchi, M., additional, Harada, S., additional, Yamabe, H., additional, Imamura, Y., additional, Yamanouchi, Y., additional, Sadamatsu, K., additional, Yoshida, K., additional, Kubota, T., additional, Takahashi, N., additional, Makino, N., additional, Higuchi, Y., additional, Ooie, T., additional, Iwao, T., additional, Kitamura, K., additional, Imamura, T., additional, Maemura, K., additional, Komiya, N., additional, Hayano, M., additional, Yoshida, H., additional, and Kumagai, K., additional

Published
2016
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17. GEOTRACES intercalibration of neodymium isotopes and rare earth element concentrations in seawater and suspended particles. Part 1: reproducibility of results for the international intercomparison

Author

van de Flierdt, T, Pahnke, K, Amakawa, H, Andersson, P, Basak, C, Coles, B, Colin, C, Crocket, K, Frank, M, Frank, N, Goldstein, SL, Goswami, V, Haley, BA, Hathorne, EC, Hemming, SR, Henderson, GM, Jeandel, C, Jones, K, Kreissig, K, Lacan, F, Lambelet, M, Martin, EE, Newkirk, DR, Obata, H, Pena, L, Piotrowski, AM, Pradoux, C, Scher, HD, Schoberg, H, Singh, SK, Stichel, T, Tazoe, H, Vance, D, Yang, J, and Partici, GEOTRACESI

Abstract

One of the key activities during the initial phase of the international GEOTRACES program was an extensive international intercalibration effort, to ensure that results for a range of trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) from different cruises and from different laboratories can be compared in a meaningful way. Here we present the results from the intercalibration efforts on neodymium isotopes and rare earth elements in seawater and marine particles. Fifteen different laboratories reported results for dissolved 143Nd/144Nd ratios in seawater at three different locations (BATS 15 m, BATS 2000 m, SAFe 3000 m), with an overall agreement within 47 to 57 ppm (2σ standard deviation of the mean). A similar agreement was found for analyses of an unknown pure Nd standard solution carried out by 13 laboratories (56 ppm), indicating that mass spectrometry is the main variable in achieving accurate and precise Nd isotope ratios. Overall, this result is very satisfactory, as the achieved precision is a factor of 40 better than the range of Nd isotopic compositions observed in the global ocean. Intercalibration for dissolved rare earth element concentrations (REEs) by six laboratories for two water depths at BATS yielded a reproducibility of 15% or better for all REE except Ce, which seems to be the most blank-sensitive REE. Neodymium concentrations from 12 laboratories show an agreement within 9%, reflecting the best currently possible reproducibility. Results for Nd isotopic compositions and REE concentrations on marine particles are inconclusive, and should be revisited in the future. © 2012, by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.

Published
2012

18. Expression of truncated latent TGF-beta-binding protein modulates TGF-beta signaling

Author

Mazzieri, R., Jurukovski, V., Obata, H., Sung, J., Platt, A., Annes, E., Karaman-Jurukovska, N., E. Gleizes, P., B. Rifkin, D., Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire eucaryote (LBME), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Published
2005

19. Sampling and Sample-handling Protocols for GEOTRACES Cruises

Author

Cutter, G., Andersson, P., Codispoti, Lou, Croot, P., François, R., Lohan, M. C., Obata, H., Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel, Cutter, G., Andersson, P., Codispoti, Lou, Croot, P., François, R., Lohan, M. C., Obata, H., and Rutgers v. d. Loeff, Michiel

Abstract

The GEOTRACES Standards and Intercalibration (S&I) Committee is charged with ensuring that the data generated during GEOTRACES are as precise and accurate as possible, which includes all the steps from sampling to analysis. Thus, sampling methods for dissolved and particulate constituents must take a representative (of the water depth/water mass) and uncontaminated sample, the samples must be stored (or immediately analyzed) in a fashion that preserves the concentrations (activities) and chemical speciation, and the analyses of these samples must yield accurate data (concentration, activity, isotopic composition, chemical speciation). To this end, experiences from the 2008-2010 GEOTRACES Intercalibration Program, and other related intercalibration efforts, helped to create the protocols in this document. However, methods continually evolve and the GEOTRACES S&I Committee will monitor these advances as validated by intercalibrations and modify the methods as warranted. The protocols here are divided into trace element and isotope groups: Hydrography and Ancillary Parameters, Radioactive Isotopes, Radiogenic Isotopes, Trace Elements, and Nutrient Isotopes. Those who contributed to preparing these protocols are listed in Appendix 1 and are sincerely thanked for their efforts in helping GEOTRACES and the worldwide TEI community.

Published
2010

20. Pinguecula and contact lenses

Author

Mimura, T, primary, Usui, T, additional, Mori, M, additional, Yamamoto, H, additional, Obata, H, additional, Yamagami, S, additional, Funatsu, H, additional, Noma, H, additional, Honda, N, additional, and Amano, S, additional

Published
2010
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32. Spinal microglial expression and mechanical hypersensitivity in a postoperative pain model: comparison with a neuropathic pain model.

Author

Ito N, Obata H, Saito S, Ito, Naomi, Obata, Hideaki, and Saito, Shigeru

Subjects
*ANIMAL behavior, *ANIMAL experimentation, *ANTIBIOTICS, *ANTIGENS, *CELLS, *ENZYME inhibitors, *FLUORESCENT antibody technique, *HYPERALGESIA, *IMIDAZOLES, *IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, *PERIPHERAL neuropathy, *PAIN, *POSTOPERATIVE pain, *PYRIDINE, *RATS, *SPINAL cord, *SPINAL nerves, *TRANSFERASES, *MINOCYCLINE, *DISEASE complications, *PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

Background: Postoperative pain control contributes to quality of life. Activation of spinal cord microglia after peripheral nerve injury contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity. The contribution of spinal cord microglia to hypersensitivity after surgery, however, is not well understood. Here, the authors evaluated whether inhibition of spinal microglia reduced postoperative mechanical hypersensitivity, and if so, whether the effect differed from that in a rat neuropathic pain model.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either unilateral plantar hind paw incision (postoperative pain model) or L5 spinal nerve transection (neuropathic pain model), and the development of mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed using von Frey filaments. The microglial inhibitor minocycline was intraperitoneally administered daily for either 3 or 7 days. Spinal microglial activation was evaluated by OX42 immunohistochemistry. We also tested the effect of intrathecal administration of a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, SB203580.Results: In the postoperative pain model, minocycline did not suppress mechanical hypersensitivity, but did inhibit an increase in spinal OX42 expression. In contrast, in the neuropathic pain model, minocycline reduced mechanical hypersensitivity in a dose-related manner and inhibited spinal OX42 expression. SB203580 attenuated hypersensitivity in the neuropathic pain model, but not in the postoperative pain model.Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that spinal OX42 expression has a more important role in the development of neuropathic pain than in postoperative pain, and that an increase in spinal OX42 expression does not contribute to postoperative mechanical hypersensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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33. Gabapentin acts within the locus coeruleus to alleviate neuropathic pain.

Author

Hayashida K, Obata H, Nakajima K, Eisenach JC, Hayashida, Ken-Ichiro, Obata, Hideaki, Nakajima, Kunie, and Eisenach, James C

Abstract

Background: Gabapentin recruits descending inhibition to produce analgesia after nerve injury, but whether this is a local action in the brainstem is unknown. The authors hypothesized that gabapentin activates noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) by a local action.Methods: Male rats underwent L5-L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and received drugs by intra-LC or systemic routes for behavior testing, immunohistochemistry in the LC, and microdialysis in the spinal dorsal horn. In other studies, brainstem slices from normal and SNL animals were used for immunohistochemistry.Results: SNL increased phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (pCREB)-expressing nuclei bilaterally in the LC, and increased noradrenaline release in the spinal dorsal horn. Gabapentin, whether in isolated brainstem slices or in conscious or anesthetized animals, increased pCREB-expressing nuclei in the LC. The net increase in pCREB expression by gabapentin did not differ between normal and SNL conditions. This gabapentin-induced pCREB activation in LC neurons was abolished by an AMPA receptor antagonist, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX). Intra-LC-injected gabapentin reduced hypersensitivity in SNL rats in a dose-dependent manner. Both intra-LC coadministration of CNQX and intrathecal administration of the alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan blocked antihypersensitivity by intra-LC gabapentin. Intravenous gabapentin induced noradrenaline release in the spinal dorsal horn. The net amount of noradrenaline release by gabapentin is larger in SNL rats compared with the normal condition, although the percentage increases from the baseline were the same.Conclusions: These results suggest that gabapentin acts directly in the brainstem via a glutamate-dependent mechanism to stimulate descending inhibition to produce antihypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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38. Expression of HLA-DR antigen on hepatic vascular endothelial cells in idiopathic portal hypertension.

Author

Terada, T., Nakanuma, Y., Hoso, M., and Obata, H.

Subjects
HYPERTENSION, BLOOD circulation disorders, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, IMMUNOLOGY, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, BILIARY tract
Abstract

Immunologic abnormalities have been reported in idiopathic portal hypertension, though the exact immunologic mechanism(s) leading to various portal venopathies in this disease remain unsettled. Recently, aberrant expression of H LA-DR antigen on target cells has been noted in the organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In this study the expression of HLA-DR antigen on the hepatic vasculature was surveyed immunohistochemically in idiopathic portal hypertension (n = 36) and in control livers: normal livers (n = 27), chronic active hepatitis (n = 35) and cirrhosis (n =21). Endothelial cells of hepatic veins and hepatic arteries occasionally expressed HLA-DR antigen, and there was no difference in the expression between idiopathic portal hypertension and controls. Endothelial cells of the main portal vein, within the small and medium-sized portal tract, did not express H LA-DR antigen in idiopathic portal hypertension and controls. By contrast, endothelial cells of the smaller venous radicles, including inlet venules in these portal tracts other than the main portal vein, more frequently expressed HLA-DR antigen in idiopathic portal hypertension (78%) than in chronic active hepatitis (26%), cirrhosis (29%) and normal liver (15%). These data raise the possibility that the smaller venous radicles in the small and medium-sized portal tracts are targets of immunologic attack in idiopathic portal hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1991

39. Nature of immunological non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy individuals.

Author

Chiou, S.-S., Yamauchi, K., Nakanishi, T., and Obata, H.

Subjects
LIVER diseases, VIRAL hepatitis, T cells, PREVENTION of communicable diseases, VIRAL vaccines, PREVENTIVE medicine
Abstract

This study was undertaken in order to analyse the immuno-regulatory mechanism of none responsiveness to hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in healthy individuals. We have reported already that peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) isolated from anti-HBs sero-positive subjects after booster injection are able to make anti-HBs in vitro by stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) plus HBsAg. In contrast, under the same conditions, non-responder (NR) MNC failed to produce anti- HBs in vitro, even after an additional injection, although an amount of immunoglobulin was synthesized corresponding with the responder controls. Coculture experiments carried out with T- cell fractions (T) and non-T-cell fractions (NT) from NR and controls showed: (i) by Week 2 after the last vaccination, NT from NR could hardly be activated to produce anti-HBs; however, by Week 4 significant synthesis of anti-HBs was induced by the stimulation of responder T; (ii) in experiments using responder NT and T from NR, seven out of eight and five out of nine co-cultures were found to make anti-HBs by Weeks 2 and 4, respectively; (iii) T from NR, as well as their culture supernatants, specifically suppressed anti-HBs production of responder MNC, especially by Week 4 after the last vaccination. From these results, it is predicted that the early stage of non-responsiveness in NR is mainly due to a defect of the B-cell repertoire, while that of the late stage is caused by the existence of HBsAg-specific suppressor T cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988

41. Smooth muscle cell phenotype-dependent transcriptional regulation of the alpha1 integrin gene.

Author

Obata, H, Hayashi, K, Nishida, W, Momiyama, T, Uchida, A, Ochi, T, and Sobue, K

Abstract

The expressional regulation of chicken alpha1 integrin in smooth muscle cells was studied. The alpha1 integrin mRNA was expressed developmentally and was distributed dominantly in vascular and visceral smooth muscles in chick embryos. In a primary culture of smooth muscle cells, alpha1 integrin expression was dramatically down-regulated during serum-induced dedifferentiation. Promoter analyses revealed that the 5'-upstream region (-516 to +281) was sufficient for transcriptional activation in differentiated smooth muscle cells but not in dedifferentiated smooth muscle cells or chick embryo fibroblasts. Like other alpha integrin promoters, the promoter region of the alpha1 integrin gene lacks TATA and CCAAT boxes and contains binding sites for AP1 and AP2. The essential difference from other alpha integrin promoters is the presence of a CArG box-like motif. Deletion and site-directed mutation analyses revealed that the CArG box-like motif was an essential cis-element for transcriptional activation in differentiated smooth muscle cells, whereas the binding sites for AP1 and AP2 were not. Using specific antibodies, a nuclear protein factor specifically bound to the CArG box-like motif was identified as serum response factor. These results indicate that alpha1 integrin expression in smooth muscle cells is regulated transcriptionally in a phenotype-dependent manner and that serum response factor binding plays a crucial role in this regulation.

Published
1997

42. c-Myc gene single-strand binding protein-1, MSSP-1, suppresses transcription of alpha-smooth muscle actin gene in chicken visceral smooth muscle cells.

Author

Kimura, K, Saga, H, Hayashi, K, Obata, H, Chimori, Y, Ariga, H, and Sobue, K

Abstract

The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin is coordinately regulated by positive and negative cis- elements in the promoter region. Although cis -elements and trans -acting factors involved in the positive regulation of the alpha-smooth muscle (alpha-SM) actin gene have been well characterized, details of negative regulation remain unclear. In functional analyses using cultured gizzard smooth muscle cells, we identified a sequence ranging from -238 to -219 in the promoter region as a novel negative element. Mutation and deletion analyses further revealed that a sequence, TATCTTA (-228 to -222), is essential for negative regulation. Gel shift assay and Southwestern blotting indicated that a nuclear protein factor specifically interacts with single- or double-strand DNA including this sequence, and the protein factor displays a highly potent binding to the sense strand DNA. cDNA cloning and gel shift analysis using anti-MSSP-1 antibodies revealed that this protein factor is a chicken homolog of human MSSP-1 (c- myc gene single-strand binding protein-1). In fact, overexpression of MSSP-1 in cultured smooth muscle cells suppresses the promoter activity. These results suggest a novel function of MSSP-1 regarding the transcriptional regulation of alpha-sm actin gene.

Published
1998
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43. Abnormal accumulation of copper in LEC rat liver induces expression of p53 and nuclear matrix-bound p21(waf 1/cip 1).

Author

Obata, H, Sawada, N, Isomura, H, and Mori, M

Abstract

The LEC rat is an inbred mutant strain which spontaneously develops liver injury and subsequent liver cancer. Liver injury in LEC rats has recently been shown to be closely related to abnormal copper accumulation in the liver. Previously, we reported that LEC rat hepatocytes lose their growth potential, probably allowing selective growth of preneoplastic cells. In this study, to elucidate the effects of copper accumulation on the growth activity of LEC rat hepatocytes, we examined the growth activity and the expression of p53 and p21(waf 1/cip 1) in the livers of LEC rats fed on either a control or a low-copper diet. Potential for cell proliferation of hepatocytes obtained from normal diet fed LEC rats was almost comparable to that of the cells from age-matched Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Northern blot analysis showed that the expression of p53 and p21(waf 1/cip 1) was significantly high in the livers of LEC rats fed a control diet, while the expression of p53 and p21(waf 1/cip 1) in the LEC rats fed a low-copper diet was as low as that of SD rat livers. Western blot analysis consistently showed that the amount of p21(waf 1/cip 1) bound to the nuclear matrix scaffold of the LEC rat liver was reduced by feeding a low-copper diet. These findings suggest that abnormal accumulation of copper induced the expression of p53 and p21(waf 1/cip 1), resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation of LEC rat hepatocytes.

Published
1996
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44. Nature of immunological non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy individuals

Author

Chiou, S S, Yamauchi, K, Nakanishi, T, and Obata, H

Subjects
Adult, Male, Viral Hepatitis Vaccines, B-Lymphocytes, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, T-Lymphocytes, Lymphocyte Cooperation, virus diseases, digestive system diseases, Pokeweed Mitogens, Immunoglobulin G, Immune Tolerance, Humans, Female, Hepatitis B Antibodies, Cells, Cultured, Research Article
Abstract

This study was undertaken in order to analyse the immuno-regulatory mechanism of non-responsiveness to hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in healthy individuals. We have reported already that peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) isolated from anti-HBs sero-positive subjects after booster injection are able to make anti-HBs in vitro by stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) plus HBsAg. In contrast, under the same conditions, non-responder (NR) MNC failed to produce anti-HBs in vitro, even after an additional injection, although an amount of immunoglobulin was synthesized corresponding with the responder controls. Co-culture experiments carried out with T-cell fractions (T) and non-T-cell fractions (NT) from NR and controls showed: (i) by Week 2 after the last vaccination, NT from NR could hardly be activated to produce anti-HBs; however, by Week 4 significant synthesis of anti-HBs was induced by the stimulation of responder T; (ii) in experiments using responder NT and T from NR, seven out of eight and five out of nine co-cultures were found to make anti-HBs by Weeks 2 and 4, respectively; (iii) T from NR, as well as their culture supernatants, specifically suppressed anti-HBs production of responder MNC, especially by Week 4 after the last vaccination. From these results, it is predicted that the early stage of non-responsiveness in NR is mainly due to a defect of the B-cell repertoire, while that of the late stage is caused by the existence of HBsAg-specific suppressor T cells.

Published
1988

45. Discovery of a new hydrothermal venting site in the southernmost Mariana Arc: Al-rich hydrothermal plumes and white smoker activity associated with biogenic methane

Author

Gamo, T., Masuda, H., Toshiro Yamanaka, Okamura, K., Ishibashi, J., Nakayama, E., Obata, H., Shitashima, K., Nishio, Y., Hasumoto, H., Watanabe, M., Mitsuzawa, K., Seama, N., Tsunogai, U., Kouzuma, F., and Sano, Y.

Subjects
aluminum anomaly, submarine hydrothermal activity, southern Mariana Trough, hydrothermal plume chemistry, biogenic methane
Abstract

This paper reports a series of studies leading to the discovery of a submarine hydrothermal field (called Nakayama Field) at an arc seamount (12∞43￠ N, 143∞32￠ E) in the southernmost part of the Mariana Trough, western Pacific Ocean. We first detected hydrothermal plumes characterized by water column anomalies of temperature, light transmission, Mn, Fe, Al, O2, CH4, and d13C of CH4 above the summit caldera of the seamount. Then deep-tow camera surveys confirmed the existence of hydrothermal activity inside the caldera, and an ROV dive finally discovered white smoker-type fluid venting associated with vent fauna. A high concentration of aluminum in the plume and white smoker-type emissions imply acidic hydrothermal activity similar to that observed at the DESMOS Caldera in the eastern Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea. Anomalously low d13C (CH4) of .38‰ of a vent fluid sample compared to other arc hydrothermal systems along the Izu- Bonin and Mariana Arcs suggests an incorporation of biogenic methane based on a subsurface microbial ecosystem.

46. Developing standards for dissolved iron in seawater

Author

Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, Bergquist, B, Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, and Bergquist, B

Abstract

In nearly a dozen open-ocean fertilization experiments conducted by more than 100 researchers from nearly 20 countries, adding iron at the sea surface has led to distinct increases in photosynthesis rates and biomass. These experiments confirmed the hypothesis proposed by the late John Martin that dissolved iron concentration is a key variable that controls phytoplankton processes in ocean surface waters. However, the measurement of dissolved iron concentration in seawater remains a difficult task with significant interlaboratory differences apparent at times. The availability of a seawater reference solution with well-known dissolved iron (Fe) concentrations similar to open-ocean values, which could be used for the calibration of equipment or other tasks, would greatly alleviate these problems.

47. Developing standards for dissolved iron in seawater

Author

Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, Bergquist, B, Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, and Bergquist, B

Abstract

In nearly a dozen open-ocean fertilization experiments conducted by more than 100 researchers from nearly 20 countries, adding iron at the sea surface has led to distinct increases in photosynthesis rates and biomass. These experiments confirmed the hypothesis proposed by the late John Martin that dissolved iron concentration is a key variable that controls phytoplankton processes in ocean surface waters. However, the measurement of dissolved iron concentration in seawater remains a difficult task with significant interlaboratory differences apparent at times. The availability of a seawater reference solution with well-known dissolved iron (Fe) concentrations similar to open-ocean values, which could be used for the calibration of equipment or other tasks, would greatly alleviate these problems.

48. Developing standards for dissolved iron in seawater

Author

Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, Bergquist, B, Johnson, KS, Bowie, AR, Buck, K, Cai, Y, Chase, Z, Cullen, J, Doi, T, Elrod, V, Fitzwater, S, Gordon, M, King, A, Boyle, E, Laan, P, Laglera-Baquer, L, Landing, WM, Lohan, M, Mendez, J, Milne, A, Obata, H, Ossiander, L, Plant, J, Sarthou, G, Bruland, K, Sedwick, P, Smith, GJ, Sohst, B, Tanner, S, Van Den Berg, S, Wu, J, Coale, K, Measures, C, Moffett, J, Aguilar-Islas, A, Barbeau, K, and Bergquist, B

Abstract

In nearly a dozen open-ocean fertilization experiments conducted by more than 100 researchers from nearly 20 countries, adding iron at the sea surface has led to distinct increases in photosynthesis rates and biomass. These experiments confirmed the hypothesis proposed by the late John Martin that dissolved iron concentration is a key variable that controls phytoplankton processes in ocean surface waters. However, the measurement of dissolved iron concentration in seawater remains a difficult task with significant interlaboratory differences apparent at times. The availability of a seawater reference solution with well-known dissolved iron (Fe) concentrations similar to open-ocean values, which could be used for the calibration of equipment or other tasks, would greatly alleviate these problems.

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