Search

According to the Workplace Health Reports 2023, around 76% of employees worldwide have experienced moderate-to-high stress levels. Around 26% of Indians are stressed due to their current work environment with long working hours, lack of job security, low wages, and growing competition. It is often believed that teaching is an extremely difficult job, in particular, academic staff experience a lot of stress due to several stressors. Emotional intelligence is a set of non-cognitive abilities, to effectively handle environmental demands and stresses. The current investigation seeks to project the effect of psychological capital as a mediator linking emotional intelligence (EI) and occupational stress to academic teaching faculties in Chennai City.

The problem towards measuring the level of inclusive development of the national economy is one of the most important and controversial problems the modern scientists faced with in the 21st century. The objectives of the named research are the analysis of the various methods of assessing the level of the inclusive development of countries, defining their main advantages and disadvantages, likewise the development of the universal comprehensive method and its use for the further research on the inclusive development of the Ukraine’s economy. The calculation of the integral indicator of the inclusive development of the economy of Ukraine was carried out on the basis of the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine according to the author’s methodology using the Excel program. The given method helps to reveal the actual asymmetries in the field of the inclusive development, which should become an analytical basis for making the further managerial decisions. To increase the level of the inclusive development of the economy of Ukraine, it is necessary to: ensure the national security and territorial integrity of the country; improve the institutional support for the inclusive development of the national economy; implement an inclusive approach at all levels of the national economy; stimulate the development of the inclusive entrepreneur-ship; modernize the infrastructure based on the principles of the «universal design»; create conditions for the development of the inclusive education and medicine; stimulate the development of «green», «silver», digital, circular and serial economies.

Efficiency and effectiveness in treating workers are the focus of this research in an era completely limited by circumstances to adapt to these rapid changes by analyzing the influence of leadership and training on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and the subsequent impact on performance.

This research highlights a neglected paradox of migration policies: whereas narratives on migrants as a security threat in their countries of destination find little support in empirical studies, forcing migrants to return may increase violence and crime back home. Using migrants' exposure to deportation threats at destination as an exogenous source of identification, this paper traces the long shadow of immigration enforcement on violent crime in Mexico, recipient of more than 3.5 million deportees from the US over the period 2000–2015. Enforced return is associated with more homicides and a stronger presence of cartels in migrants' municipalities of origin, as well as a higher sense of insecurity among the population and a higher probability of being assaulted. Identifying these local effects of enforced return are a first step towards unpacking the various direct and indirect channels through which immigration enforcement generates unintended negative outcomes in migrants' communities of origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate foresight (CF) is considered an organizational capability that contributes to the innovativeness and sustained competitive advantage of firms, particularly in the presence of organizational learning (OL). The business literature positions individuals as important to the CF process but it provides limited clarification about how individuals do foresight or, more specifically, how they experience foresight in organizations. Embracing the resource-based view of the firm, this study provides understanding of how individuals use tacit knowledge in individual foresight (IF) and engage in OL mechanisms to contribute to innovativeness. The micro-foundations of IF are examined to determine how employees experience IF in an organizational context. Adopting a phenomenological approach, 27 interviews were conducted with employees across the finance and insurance and utilities industries, resulting in a theoretical framework of IF. Examining the lifeworld of individuals as they experience foresight revealed a rich tapestry of both personal and intra-organizational social capital interactions useful in demonstrating the role of IF for innovation in firms. Storytelling, mentorship, and group reflection, supported by appropriate culture, leadership, and human resource strategies, confirm the value of fostering IF to encourage innovation. This study advances foresight research by broadening understanding of IF from an employee perspective—specifically, how IF is experienced and can foster OL and innovation outcomes for firms. Implications for firms and opportunities for a future research agenda are proposed.

This study investigates the impact of person-environment fit and job stress on innovative work behavior within Thailand's food industry. Through a comprehensive survey conducted among supervisors in the food industry, validated scales were utilized to measure person-environment fit, job stress, and innovative work behavior while controlling demographic variables. Employing hierarchical regression analysis and moderation analysis, the study examines the direct and moderating effects of person-environment fit and job stress on innovative work behavior. Results reveal a significant positive relationship between person-environment fit and innovative work behavior, with job stress moderating this relationship. Notably, specific points of interaction between job stress levels and person-environment fit are identified, shedding light on nuanced dynamics within the food industry. This research introduces a novel approach by integrating the Job Demands-Resources Model with person-environment fit theory to explore how specific stressors unique to the food industry can influence innovation. The study also pioneers the use of industry-specific measures for assessing job stress and innovation, which were developed and validated within this context. This research contributes to both theoretical and practical knowledge by enhancing our understanding of innovation mechanisms in the food industry and providing actionable insights for fostering creativity and innovation among employees. The study's originality lies not only in its emphasis on the context of the food industry but also in its development of tailored theoretical and methodological approaches to address the sector's unique challenges and opportunities.

This article investigates whether a micro-entrepreneur's personality influences their innovativeness. Using the Big Five theory and a broad definition of innovation from the 4th version of the Oslo Manual (two types and nine categories of innovations in total), the study analyses data from 1,848 Polish micro-entrepreneurs. Since innovativeness is a complex process with several interdependencies, and previous research shows that introducing one type of innovation is not independent of introducing other types, Multivariate Probit (MVP) regression was used to estimate the models. The results allow two conclusions to be drawn. Firstly, in the case of product innovations implemented by micro-entrepreneurs, three personality traits have a positive impact. These are Openness to experience, Conscientiousness and Extroversion. Secondly, in the case of business process innovations, all 7 types are positively influenced by two personality traits, namely Openness to experience and Extroversion.

The aim of the research was to identify and assess the professional problems of women who hold managerial positions. In addition, factors influencing the female style of management were identified and the level of discrimination against women as well as the level of gender equality in Poland and in the European Union was assessed, using the gender equality index.

Entrepreneurship's evolving role now extends beyond economic realms to encompass broader societal and environmental imperatives. Sustainable entrepreneurship emerges as a linchpin in addressing contemporary challenges, offering innovative solutions that harmonize economic resilience with environmental and social objectives. Yet, the determinants underpinning individuals' intentions towards sustainable entrepreneurship, particularly within the Algerian context, remain underexplored. Keeping this into consideration, our research endeavours to identify the motivational factors influencing the decision to engage in sustainable entrepreneurial activities among students at the Kolea University Pole.

This paper exploits the sharp escalation of violence in Colombia in the 1980s associated with the emergence of drug cartels to provide novel evidence on the long-run effects of violence exposure throughout the life-course, on children's educational attainment and academic achievement using administrative data. I find that, a higher homicide rate in early-childhood is associated with a higher probability of school dropout and conditional on completing high school, lower scores on a national end-of-high school exam. Results are robust to several falsification tests, and analyses of potential sources of selection bias. I provide supportive evidence that changes in fetal, child, and adolescent health outcomes are important potential mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employs OECD panel data from 2005 to 2021 and utilizes the CS-ARDL (Cross-sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag) method to reveal a notable positive correlation between the Human Development Index (HDI) and pension income levels. A 1% increase in HDI corresponds to approximately 0.6% and 0.7% increases in short- and long-term pension income. Additionally, green energy deployment positively influences pensions, with a 1% increase leading to about 0.09% and 0.17% increases in the short and long term, respectively. Economic size (GDP) demonstrates a robust positive relationship, and ICT development significantly impacts pension income levels. Policymakers are advised to prioritize local green power generation, sustainable pension funds, and green loans to enhance the welfare of aging populations in OECD countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses the impact of the transition to renewable energy and improved societal well-being on environmentally sustainable economies, concentrating on 20 major CO2-emitting countries from 2000 to 2020. Employing the pooled mean group (PMG) method, the findings indicate that a 1% increase in fossil fuel consumption results in a significant short-term decline of approximately 0.22% and a more substantial long-term decrease of 0.43% in green growth. This decline is attributed to the exacerbation of environmental degradation through notable carbon emissions. Interestingly, a 1% increase in the Human Development Index (HDI) is associated with heightened green growth, indicating an increased awareness of environmental issues. Conversely, a 1% reduction in population has a negative impact on green growth, underscoring the importance of balancing population dynamics with sustainable development. Furthermore, diminished internet penetration, rural electrification, and poverty exert adverse effects on the green growth index. The implementation of practical policies for major CO2 emitters is crucial, encompassing initiatives such as digitalizing the green finance market, promoting ICT diffusion, advancing regional green power generation, adopting eco-friendly practices in petroleum industries, and liberalizing green utilities trade. These measures are essential for fostering green growth, enhancing social prosperity, and mitigating environmental degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adverse life events have short- and long-term effects on the livelihood of victims. This paper studies the effect of early life idiosyncratic shocks on labour market outcomes using five rounds of panel data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) of South Africa. Regression results from alternative panel data estimators suggest that the loss of biological parents early in life is negatively associated with the likelihood of employment and wage earnings. The association is stronger when one loses one's biological mother than one's biological father. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the loss of a biological father among Black South Africans leads to higher wage earnings compared to other race groups who have experienced the same shock. Education level, perceived health, cognitive ability, and occupation type are strongly associated with the loss of a biological mother, while only education is associated with the loss of a father. These could be the main channels that mediate the link between early life loss of biological parents and labour market outcomes. Therefore, strengthening and aligning child support programmes to reach the victims are required.

Aim/purpose – This study examines authentic leadership’s influence on employee silence intention, mediated by perceptions of organizational politics and organizational commitment.

Organizational change (OC) initiatives require effective human resource management practices (HRMPs). This review analyzes recent research on the role of HRMPs in OC, focusing on major trends and differences between Western and non-Western contexts. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-guided search using Scopus and Google Scholar identified 26 relevant studies. The key findings showed the varied and crucial roles that HRMPs play in communicating change goals, engaging employees, and collaborating with stakeholders. In particular, hard OC involving actions such as downsizing warrants responsive HRMPs. Although some practices transfer well across settings, implementing HRMPs in non-Western environments requires adaptation to local cultural and religious norms. The predominant focus on Western contexts underscores the need for more research in understudied regions, such as the Middle East and North Africa. The limitations of this review include potential biases in the source studies and the exclusion of nonindexed literature. We conclude by calling for an expanded investigation into evidence-based HRMPs and the complex dynamics between HRMPs and diverse types of OC across different organizational and national settings.

We investigate the impacts of a perinatal psychosocial intervention on trajectories of maternal mental health and child skills, from birth to age 3. We find improved maternal mental health and functioning (0.17–0.29 SD), modest but imprecisely estimated improvements in parenting (0.07–0.11 SD), and transitory improvements in child socio-emotional development (0.06–0.39 SD). The intervention had negligible influence on physical health and cognition. Estimates of a skill production function reveal the intervention attenuated the negative association between maternal depression and child outcomes, and it narrowed outcome gaps between mothers who were and were not depressed in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women's enrollment in colleges in developing countries is staggeringly low. Due to cultural norms and safety concerns, women may not be allowed to enroll. Alternatively, local colleges might be in short supply. Using the variation in college construction in India under a college construction grant policy, we assess whether increased access to colleges in home districts improves human capital outcomes for women. We find an improvement in educational and other development outcomes. The educational gains accruing to women are twice as large as for men. The benefits accrue to the rural women but do not spillover to the neighboring districts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assess the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving the reading skills of struggling third-grade students in Colombia. In a series of randomized experiments, students participated in remedial tutorials conducted during school hours in small groups. Trained instructors used structured pedagogical materials that can be easily scaled up. Informed by the outcomes of each cohort, we fine-tuned the intervention tools for each subsequent cohort. We found positive and persistent impacts on literacy scores and positive spillovers on some mathematics scores. The effectiveness of the program grew over time, likely because of higher dosage and the fine-tuning of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the AI investment (AII)-human well-being (HWBG) nexus contingent on governance indicators/dimensions within G-7 nations from 2012 to 2022 using the Cross-Sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) technique. Based on the results, policymakers should prioritize integrating AII into governance to boost HWBG in the short- and long-term. However, caution is needed when considering AII's interaction with institutional governance, as it didn't support HWBG. While AII and overall governance quality seem promising, it is vital to implement safeguards against potential negative effects stemming from the interaction between AII and institutional governance on HWBG.

This study aimed to examine the moderating effects of resilience (RES) on the association between self-leadership (SEL) and innovative work behavior (IWB) of employees. The study sample consisted of 250 warehouse workers in the logistics business. Prior to data collection, the questionnaire's validity and reliability were evaluated, and hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to investigate the direct and moderating effects. SEL was found to have a positive connection with IWB, whereas RES had a statistically significant moderating influence on the relationship between SEL and IWB. The employee RES should be encouraged and supported. Employers must create, train, and encourage workers to cultivate SEL and RES and adapt to work problems. Together, these characteristics will enable employees to express IWB. Human resource departments must be cognizant of the growing impact of SEL and encourage RES to assist employees in achieving higher IWB.

The paper presents the impact of market characteristics on the rental rate of apartments and compares the levels of the offered rental rate in two selected cities: Rzeszów and Lublin. The analyses were conducted before and during Russia's aggression against Ukraine, based on residential rental offers. Data on the offer of residential premises for rent, posted on online portals in the period from November 2021, to April 2022, was used. The analyses showed an increase in rental prices in March 2022, mainly in Rzeszów, and similar correlations of the impact of characteristics on the market rental rate in both cities in relation to the area of the unit, the number of rooms, the location on the floor, the condition of the flat and the age of the building.

The finance–inequality nexus has been a major topic of discussion since the 1990s and became even more so after the financial crisis of 2007–08. This paper aims to empirically investigate whether financial development and/or financial openness increased or decreased income inequality in Hungary over the period of 1971–2019. An empirical analysis of an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model suggests the existence of long-run co-integration between the analysed variables. Financial openness contributes to reducing Hungarian income inequality in the short run but fuels greater income inequality in the long run. Whereas the effects of financial development on inequality vary according to the indicators, the domestic credit by banks has a significant negative effect on inequality in the short and long run, while the impact of the credit to the private sector from all the sectors on inequality is insignificant.

Women play a significant role in economic development in Africa, notably in agriculture, where their engagement is substantial. This study analyses the effect of women's engagement in agriculture (WEA) on income inequality in sub-Saharan Africa, using data sourced from the World Development Indicators and the Standard World Income Inequality Database for the period 1991–2018. Pooled ordinary least squares and instrumental variable two-stage least squares are employed to analyze the data. Results show that WEA effects are heterogeneous across African regions. Specifically, the study finds that WEA decreases income inequality in southern and western Africa but increases income inequality in central and eastern Africa. Policies aimed at reinforcing women's rights in agriculture by increasing their access to credit and to land, and by giving them a better education, will help to reduce the income gap that exists between women and men.

The Chinese government aims to use environmental policy measures to improve society's overall green total factor productivity (GTFP) and create a new development pattern in which the economy and the environment are equally important. Based on the perspective of indirect financing, this study divides 272 prefecture-level industry–finance cooperation cities in China from 2015 to 2021 into 109 resource-based cities and 163 nonresource-based cities; we use the PSM-difference-in-differences (DID) model to explore their impact on GTFP. The research results are as follows. First, industry–finance cooperation significantly promotes GTFP. Second, although the nonresource-based cities have insignificant industry–finance cooperation, resource-based cities have significantly positive industry–finance cooperation. Third, from the perspective of indirect financing, industry–finance cooperation can effectively improve GTFP. Fourth, the reliability of the conclusions is verified by successively using the parallel trend test, the placebo test, the dynamic time window test, the counterfactual test, and the elimination of other policy interferences. Based on the above findings, the Chinese government must always adhere to the important “comprehensive regulation and measures according to local conditions” policy and fully use “information technology and green credit.”

Regional green technology innovation (RGTI) carries ecological and technological externalities, serving as a crucial force in aligning economic development with the imperative of environmental preservation. Industrial digitalization (indig) exhibits innovative, quality-enhancing, and efficiency-enhancing traits. Yet, the exact effects of indig on RGTI have not been extensively studied. In this study, based on provincial data from 2013-2019 in China, we investigated the linear and nonlinear relationships, spatial characteristics and underlying mechanisms between indig and RGTI through a Hansen threshold model and a mediating effect model. The results showed that: i. indig fluctuates while RGTI increases steadily, both displaying evident spatial agglomeration traits and a unipolar characteristic of regional heterogeneity; ii. indig has effectively boosted RGTI at both national and regional levels, with the exception of the northeastern region; iii. There was a single threshold for industrial digitalization and the positive driving trend exhibited a “marginally increasing” characteristic; iv. Two critical elements, namely industrial structure advancement and marketization, have partial intermediary roles. Basing on these results, this study presents several policy recommendations.

We estimate the effects of the unprecedented decline in Mexican net migration from 2006 to 2012 on labor markets in Mexico. We employ an instrumental variable strategy that isolates demand for Mexican labor in the United States and relies on historical migration patterns. We find that lower-educated groups are more affected by the labor supply shock and remittance decline. The labor supply shock also generated declines in self-employment and increases in salaried work for lower and highly educated groups, indicating impacts beyond the would-be migrant group. Our findings are relevant in a global context where migration restrictions are more prevalent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern business, personal branding (PB) is perceived as a ‘leadership imperative’. The main purpose of the present article is to analyse last-year students, often being professionals and market-entrant entrepreneurs, at the same time, attitudes towards PB’s role in business. Primarily, it is investigated whether they need to be taught principles, rules and tools of PB in the course of their studies. To achieve this goal, a qualitative, in-depth interview method is used. The data are analysed using the thematic analysis method. The results obtained supplement the knowledge of management sciences with issues concerning the perception of PB and state a significant set of practical implications for the authorities of universities and the authors of academic curricula.

The problem of economic inequality, manifesting itself in various forms such as uneven distribution of income or wealth, is one of the most important and contradictory problems facing modern scientists in the 21st century. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between the level of inclusive development and indicators of inequality in development across the world. VOSviewer was used to conduct bibliometric analysis in the Scopus base, enabling visualization of data on inclusive development. Correlation and regression analysis were employed to assess the relationship between the level of inclusive development and various inequality and discrimination indicators, with all statistical data sourced from the World Bank's collection. It was investigated that in developed countries, there is an inverse relationship between the IDI and Gini index, whereas a direct correlation between the IDI and QLI, HPI, and HDI is observed. Additionally, a direct correlation between the inclusivity of society and the gender neutrality of countries is seen, with the correlation being more pronounced in developed countries. To reduce economic inequality and promote inclusive development, measures should be taken to increase access to educational and training opportunities for disadvantaged groups, as well as to invest in infrastructure and public services in disadvantaged areas.

This paper assessed the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the stages of human development (HD) using panel data from 87 developing, 13 transition and 34 developed countries from 1990 to 2019. Foreign direct investment positively influenced human development in developing countries. However, the effect was neutral for transition and developed countries. Regarding the effect of FDI on the stages of HD, except for low human development in developing countries, all the computed effects were positive. Failure to delineate the effects of FDI on HDI into stages of HD would result in inaccurate results leading to inappropriate policy responses. Generally, FDI can be promoted in countries within the stages of human development. Whilst similar policies may be relevant, the extent of the outcomes would differ.

Research into the ''future of work'' has become a central concern of scientists, experts and political decision-makers. This special issue addresses this topic and brings together 14 contributions from the fields of business and management. These articles offer new perspectives on the broad scientific landscape surrounding the future of work. The accepted manuscripts are organized into four primary research areas (remote and hybrid work, digital technologies and organizational practices, sustainable human resource management, and the future of organizations, sectors, and labor markets) and six thematic areas (organizational capabilities and culture, organizational performance, individual features, knowledge management, the dark sides of digitalization, and policy implications). The resulting framework serves as the basis for identifying illustrative research questions to guide future research on the future of work.

We study how pre-pandemic inequalities in the United States influenced social distancing over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Richer counties tended to see more protective mobility responses in the initial (pre-pharmaceutical) phase, but less protective responses later. Near linearity of this income effect implies that inequality between counties contributed very little to overall mobility reductions. By contrast, higher within-county inequality and/or poverty came with substantially larger attenuations to non-residential mobility at given average incomes. There were also significant effects of the county's racial and age composition. County employment composition is found to be additionally important, with reductions in mobility in counties with a higher share of professional workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the long-run and intergenerational effects of a large-scale school building project (INPRES) that took place in Indonesia between 1974 and 1979. Specifically, we link the geographic rollout of INPRES to longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey covering two generations. We find that individuals exposed to the program have better health later in life along multiple measures. We also find that the children of those exposed experience improved health and educational outcomes and that these effects are generally stronger for maternal exposure than paternal exposure. We find some evidence that household resources, neighborhood quality, and assortative mating may explain a portion of our results. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the long-run and multigenerational benefits when evaluating the costs and benefits of social interventions in a middle-income country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2005 a large earthquake struck northern Pakistan. Exposure to the earthquake was plausibly exogenous to household and individual characteristics, and households received substantial compensation after the earthquake. Four years later, there were no differences in household or adult outcomes by earthquake exposure. Nevertheless, children under age three at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, and children aged 3–11 scored significantly worse on academic tests, unless their mothers had completed primary education. Even disasters that are accompanied with substantial compensation can lead to severe disruptions in the accumulation of human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]