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The bioleaching was investigated of a marmatite flotation concentrate obtained from a Pb-Zn mine in Yunnan province, China, using a moderately thermoacidophilic Fe-oxidising bacterial strain in batch experiments. The results showed that the dissolution rate of marmatite was affected markedly by pH, temperature, pulp density and particle size of the ore. Bioleaching was more effective when carried out at higher acidity and temperature than Acidithiobacillus (formerly Thiobacillus) ferrooxidans. Use of the modified strain of the moderate thermophile resulted in more rapid and complete oxidation of marmatite than the original strain and a sterile control., The bioleaching was investigated of a marmatite flotation concentrate obtained from a Pb-Zn mine in Yunnan province, China, using a moderately thermoacidophilic Fe-oxidising bacterial strain in batch experiments. The results showed that the dissolution rate of marmatite was affected markedly by pH, temperature, pulp density and particle size of the ore. Bioleaching was more effective when carried out at higher acidity and temperature than Acidithiobacillus (formerly Thiobacillus) ferrooxidans. Use of the modified strain of the moderate thermophile resulted in more rapid and complete oxidation of marmatite than the original strain and a sterile control.