47 results on '"Neveu, Cédric"'
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2. Correction: Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauf, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
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- 2022
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3. Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauff, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
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- 2022
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4. Functional validation of novel levamisole resistance marker S168T in Haemonchus contortus
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Antonopoulos, Alistair, primary, Charvet, Claude L., additional, Maitland, Kirsty, additional, Doyle, Stephen R., additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, and Laing, Roz, additional
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- 2024
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5. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the synganglion of the tick Ixodes ricinus: Functional characterization using membrane microtransplantation
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Le Mauff, Anaïs, Chouikh, Hamza, Cartereau, Alison, Charvet, Claude L., Neveu, Cédric, Rispe, Claude, Plantard, Olivier, Taillebois, Emiliane, and Thany, Steeve H.
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- 2020
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6. Identification and Spatiotemporal Expression of a Putative New GABA Receptor Subunit in the Human Body Louse Pediculus humanus humanus.
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Hashim, Omar, Toubaté, Berthine, Charvet, Claude L., Ahmed, Aimun A. E., Neveu, Cédric, Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, and Dupuy, Catherine
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CHLORIDE channels ,LICE ,HUMAN body ,ION channels ,PEDICULOSIS ,GABA receptors - Abstract
The human louse (Pediculus humanus) is an obligatory blood feeding ectoparasite with two ecotypes: the human body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus), a competent vector of several bacterial pathogens, and the human head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), responsible for pediculosis and affecting millions of people around the globe. GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors, members of the cys-loop ligand gated ion channel superfamily, are among the main pharmacological targets for insecticides. In insects, there are four subunits of GABA receptors: resistant-to-dieldrin (RDL), glycin-like receptor of drosophila (GRD), ligand-gated chloride channel homologue3 (LCCH3), and 8916 are well described and form distinct phylogenetic clades revealing orthologous relationships. Our previous studies in the human body louse confirmed that subunits Phh-RDL, Phh-GRD, and Phh-LCCH3 are well clustered in their corresponding clades. In the present work, we cloned and characterized a putative new GABA receptor subunit in the human body louse that we named HoCas, for Homologous to Cys-loop α like subunit. Extending our analysis to arthropods, HoCas was found to be conserved and clustered in a new (fifth) phylogenetic clade. Interestingly, the gene encoding this subunit is ancestral and has been lost in some insect orders. Compared to the other studied GABA receptor subunits, HoCas exhibited a relatively higher expression level in all development stages and in different tissues of human body louse. These findings improved our understanding of the complex nature of GABA receptors in Pediculus humanus and more generally in arthropods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Nicotine-sensitive acetylcholine receptors are relevant pharmacological targets for the control of multidrug resistant parasitic nematodes
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Charvet, Claude L., Guégnard, Fabrice, Courtot, Elise, Cortet, Jacques, and Neveu, Cedric
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- 2018
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8. The Brown Alga Bifurcaria bifurcata Presents an Anthelmintic Activity on All Developmental Stages of the Parasitic Nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri
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Miclon, Morgane, primary, Courtot, Élise, additional, Guégnard, Fabrice, additional, Lenhof, Océane, additional, Boudesocque-Delaye, Leslie, additional, Matard-Mann, Maria, additional, Nyvall Collén, Pi, additional, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, additional, and Neveu, Cédric, additional
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- 2023
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9. Recent advances in candidate-gene and whole-genome approaches to the discovery of anthelmintic resistance markers and the description of drug/receptor interactions
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Kotze, Andrew C., Hunt, Peter W., Skuce, Philip, von Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg, Martin, Richard J., Sager, Heinz, Krücken, Jürgen, Hodgkinson, Jane, Lespine, Anne, Jex, Aaron R., Gilleard, John S., Beech, Robin N., Wolstenholme, Adrian J., Demeler, Janina, Robertson, Alan P., Charvet, Claude L., Neveu, Cedric, Kaminsky, Ronald, Rufener, Lucien, Alberich, Melanie, Menez, Cecile, and Prichard, Roger K.
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- 2014
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10. Molecular and Functional Characterization of GABA Receptor Subunits GRD and LCCH3 from Human Louse Pediculus Humanus Humanus
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Hashim, Omar, primary, Charvet, Claude L., additional, Toubaté, Berthine, additional, Ahmed, Aimun A.E., additional, Lamassiaude, Nicolas, additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle, additional, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, additional, and Dupuy, Catherine, additional
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- 2022
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11. The plant apoplasm is an important recipient compartment for nematode secreted proteins
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Vieira, Paulo, Danchin, Etienne G. J., Neveu, Cédric, Crozat, Carine, Jaubert, Stéphanie, Hussey, Richard S., Engler, Gilbert, Abad, Pierre, de Almeida-Engler, Janice, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, and Rosso, Marie-Noëlle
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- 2011
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12. Additional file 9 of Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauff, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
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Additional file 9: Figure S3. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees of different sub-groups of cys-loop LGICs. Phylogenies includes sequences from different ticks species (labels and branches in blue) and other arthropods: P. tepidariorum (house spider), Acariformes, Parasitiformes, and D. melanogaster. Labels indicate accession numbers of protein sequences and species name. Accessions of I. ricinus are listed in Table S6. Filled circles on branches indicate bootstrap support (support increases with circle width, ranging from 80 to 100). Trees were rooted based on the complete phylogeny (Fig. 5). A: GABA group, B: «Insect group 1», C: pHCL, D: GluCls, E: Gly, F: His.
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- 2022
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13. Additional file 7 of Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauff, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
- Abstract
Additional file 7: Figure S1. Genomic structure of the gene GABA-1-Rdl, with three predicted isoforms and their relative expression. A: Reannotation of the gene XP_042145571.1 located on a genomic scaffold of Ixodes scapularis, NW_024609839.1. The gene (drawing not to scale) has a span of ~247 kbp, on a scaffold of ~92 Mbp. The whole gene is on the minus frame. Boxes correspond to exons. Grey-filled boxes correspond to exons which we consider incorrect (over-predictions in both cases, based on the conserved sequence of GABA-1-Rdl) and by comparison with the homologous sequence in other tick species. Exons in blue correspond to a predicted triplication of one exon (exon 7a, 7b, 7c), whereas only one exon (7b) was annotated for XP_042145571.1. For each numbered exon, the positions indicate the start and end. Numbers followed by a star correspond to reannotations and differ from the published sequence. The translated sequence of each exon is given. B: Alignment of the translated sequences for the three alternative exons 7, including both the sequences for I. scapularis based on our reannotation and the homologous sequences from the I. ricinus alternative transcripts identified in the synganglion transcriptome (this study). Two trans-membrane domaines are indicated, and an arrow shows the A->S mutations known to confer resistance to dieldrin. C: Relative expression (y-axis) of the three isoforms of GABA-1-Rdl. Expressions was counted as counts per millions with RSEM, and normalized to evaluate relative expression. In x-axis, different synganglion libraries produced in this study (described in Table 4). In blue, red and yellow, estimated relative expression of exon 7a, 7b and 7c respectively.
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- 2022
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14. Additional file 8 of Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauff, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
- Abstract
Additional file 8: Figure S2. Genomic organization of Histamine-gated-like sequences in Ixodes scapularis. We used the Histamine gated-like sequences obtained from our meta-transcriptome of Ixodes ricinus to search homologous genes in I. scapularis (homology inferred from near-identity of protein sequences), and to locate them on the genome. The figure shows the entire scaffold NW_024609883 (109.621.045 bp) from the I. scapularis genome, which has homologs to His1 to His12 in I. ricinus. The upper scale indicates positions in Mbp. The lower scale represents a focus on a smaller region containing clusters of His-like sequences, with a scale in Kbp. Annotated genes and their orientations are indicated by filled triangles, with below, the accession of the protein sequence in I. scapularis, and the name of its homologous sequence in I. ricinus (this study). A star indicates that the gene model is probably incorrect: XP_042142979 matches with His1 only over the first four exons, while its remaining sequence appears to represent a chimeric fusion with a totally different gene, XP_040070355 is missing an N-term, XP_040070356 is incomplete and matches only the beginning of His3, whereas XP_040068404 matches only the end of His3 and is in opposite frame of XP_ 040070356 (we interpret this as a likely error of the genome assembly, the two accession probably representing respectively the start and end of the same gene). Open triangles indicate regions where no gene has been annotated in I. scapularis, but where we detected high similarities with I. ricinus genes (for His4 and His9 respectively). For His13 to His18, homologous regions were detected on different scaffolds.
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- 2022
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15. Additional file 10 of Transcriptome of the synganglion in the tick Ixodes ricinus and evolution of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel family in ticks
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Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, de la Cotte, Nathalie, Daveu, Romain, Labadie, Karine, Noel, Benjamin, Aury, Jean-Marc, Thany, Steeve, Taillebois, Emiliane, Cartereau, Alison, Le Mauff, Anaïs, Charvet, Claude L., Auger, Clément, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Plantard, Olivier
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urogenital system - Abstract
Additional file 10: Figure S4. Concentration–response relationship of GABA on the I. ricinus RDL receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes. A. Representative current traces of a single oocyte micro-injected with Iri-rdl cRNA perfused with increasing concentrations of GABA for 10 seconds (short bars). The concentration of GABA (μM) is indicated above each trace. B. Concentration–response curve for GABA on the Iri-RDL channel. All current responses are normalized to 300 μM and shown as the mean ± SEM.
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- 2022
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16. The Caenorhabditis elegans DEG-3/DES-2 Channel Is a Betaine-Gated Receptor Insensitive to Monepantel
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Hansen, Tina V. A., primary, Sager, Heinz, additional, Toutain, Céline E., additional, Courtot, Elise, additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, and Charvet, Claude L., additional
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- 2022
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17. Pharmacological characterization of novel heteromeric GluCl subtypes fromCaenorhabditis elegansand parasitic nematodes
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, primary, Courtot, Elise, additional, Corset, Angélique, additional, Charvet, Claude L., additional, and Neveu, Cédric, additional
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- 2021
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18. Functional Characterization of the Oxantel-Sensitive Acetylcholine Receptor from Trichuris muris
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Hansen, Tina V. A., Grencis, Richard K., Issouf, Mohamed, Neveu, Cédric, Charvet, Claude L., Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation [Manchester, UK] (Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health), University of Manchester [Manchester]-Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre [Manchester, UK], This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (Z10661/Z/18/Z) and is part of the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research (Z03128/Z/16/Z) to R.K.G., MDPI, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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musculoskeletal diseases ,helminths ,[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health ,allergology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,oxantel ,nAChR ,electrophysiology ,Article ,antiparasitic drugs ,RS1-441 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,Trichuris ,immune system diseases ,Medicine ,[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Xenopus oocytes - Abstract
The human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura, is estimated to infect 289.6 million people globally. Control of human trichuriasis is a particular challenge, as most anthelmintics have a limited single-dose efficacy, with the striking exception of the narrow-spectrum anthelmintic, oxantel. We recently identified a novel ACR-16-like subunit from the pig whipworm, T. suis which gave rise to a functional acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) preferentially activated by oxantel. However, there is no ion channel described in the mouse model parasite T. muris so far. Here, we have identified the ACR-16-like and ACR-19 subunits from T. muris, and performed the functional characterization of the receptors in Xenopus laevis oocytes using two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology. We found that the ACR-16-like subunit from T. muris formed a homomeric receptor gated by acetylcholine whereas the ACR-19 failed to create a functional channel. The subsequent pharmacological analysis of the Tmu-ACR-16-like receptor revealed that acetylcholine and oxantel were equally potent. The Tmu-ACR-16-like was more responsive to the toxic agonist epibatidine, but insensitive to pyrantel, in contrast to the Tsu-ACR-16-like receptor. These findings confirm that the ACR-16-like nAChR from Trichuris spp. is a preferential drug target for oxantel, and highlights the pharmacological difference between Trichuris species.
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- 2021
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19. Action of Carvacrol on Parascaris sp. and Antagonistic Effect on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
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Trailovic, Sasa M., Rajkovic, Milan, Marjanovic, Djordje S., Neveu, Cédric, Charvet, Claude L., University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This research program was supported by INRAE (http://www.inrae.fr/), and the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Contract number 451-03-9/2021-14). This work was also supported by the France–Serbia Hubert Curien Partnerships program Pavle Savic 2016–2017 (project number 36256QA). M.R. was the grateful recipient of a travel grant from the RTR 'Fédération de Recherche en Infectiologie (FéRI) de la Région Centre-Val de Loire' no. 2014 00094437 (https://www.infectiologie-regioncentre.fr/) and a 2017-18 Burroughs Wellcome Fund Collaborative Research Travel Award, MDPI, PHC Pavle Savic 36256QA, and Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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Parascaris ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,carvacrol ,electrophysiology ,Article ,RS1-441 ,muscle contraction ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,mode of action ,Parascaris sp ,veterinary_medicine ,Medicine ,[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology ,nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ,Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors nAChR ,Xenopus oocytes - Abstract
Parascaris sp. is the only ascarid parasitic nematode in equids and one of the most threatening infectious organisms in horses. Only a limited number of compounds are available for treatment of horse helminthiasis, and Parascaris sp. worms have developed resistance to the three major anthelmintic families. In order to overcome the appearance of resistance, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. The active ingredients of herbal essential oils are potentially effective antiparasitic drugs. Carvacrol is one of the principal chemicals of essential oil from Origanum, Thymus, Coridothymus, Thymbra, Satureja and Lippia herbs. However, the antiparasitic mode of action of carvacrol is poorly understood. Here, the objective of the work was to characterize the activity of carvacrol on Parascaris sp. nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) function both in vivo with the use of worm neuromuscular flap preparations and in vitro with two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology on nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We developed a neuromuscular contraction assay for Parascaris body flaps and obtained acetylcholine concentration-dependent contraction responses. Strikingly, we observed that 300 µM carvacrol fully and irreversibly abolished Parascaris sp. muscle contractions elicited by acetylcholine. Similarly, carvacrol antagonized acetylcholine-induced currents from both the nicotine-sensitive AChR and the morantel-sensitive AChR subtypes. Thus, we show for the first time that body muscle flap preparation is a tractable approach to investigating the pharmacology of Parascaris sp. neuromuscular system. Our results suggest an intriguing mode of action for carvacrol, being a potent antagonist of muscle nAChRs of Parascaris sp. worms, which may account for its antiparasitic potency.
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- 2021
20. Pharmacological characterization of novel heteromeric GluCl subtypes from C. elegans and parasitic nematodes
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Courtot, Elise, Corset, Angélique, Charvet, Claude L., Neveu, Cédric, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE département Santé Animale, Région Centre Val de Loire, RTR Fédération de Recherche en Infectiologie (FéRI) : https://www.infectiologie-regioncentre.fr, Wiley, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
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Macrocyclic lactones ,Ivermectin ,Ligand-gated ion channels ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,nematodes ,Parascaris sp ,Anthelmintic ,ascarid ,GluCL ,Glutamate ,Xenopus oocyte ,two electrode voltage clamp ,Filarial nematodes ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Brugia malayi ,Chloride channels - Abstract
International audience; Background and purpose: Macrocyclic lactones (MLs) are the most widely used broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs for the treatment of parasitic nematodes impacting both human and animal health. MLs are known to act as agonist of the nematode glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCls). However, for many important nematode species, the GluCls subunit composition and pharmacological properties remain largely unknown. In order to get new insights about the GluCl diversity and MLs mode of action, we identified and pharmacologically characterized receptors made of highly conserved GluCl subunits from the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the human filarial nematode Brugia malayi and the horse parasite Parascaris univalens.Experimental approach: AVR-14, GLC-2, GLC3 and GLC-4 are the most conserved GluCl subunits throughout the Nematoda phylum. For each nematode species, we investigated the ability of these subunits to form either homomeric or heteromeric GluCls when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and performed the detailed pharmacological characterization of the functional channels.Key results: Here, a total of 14 GluCls have been functionally reconstituted and heteromers formation was inferred from pharmacological criteria. Importantly, we report that the GLC-2 subunit plays a pivotal role in the composition of heteromeric GluCls in nematodes. In addition, we describe a novel GluCl subtype, made of the GLC-2/GLC-3 subunit combination, for which a high concentration of the anthelmintics ivermectin and moxidectin reversibly potentiate glutamate-induced response.Conclusion and implications: This study brings new insights into the diversity of GluCl subtypes in nematodes and promote novel drug targets for the development of next generation anthelmintic compounds.
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- 2021
21. Antagonistic effect of carvacrol on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from the horse parasite Parascaris sp.
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Marjanović, Đorđe S., Rajković, Milan, Neveu, Cédric, Trailović, Saša, Charvet, Claude, Marjanović, Đorđe S., Rajković, Milan, Neveu, Cédric, Trailović, Saša, and Charvet, Claude
- Abstract
Parascaris sp. is the only ascarid parasitic nematode in equids and one of the most threatening infectious organisms in horses. Only a limited number of compounds are available for treatment of horse helminthiasis and Parascaris sp. worms have developed resistance to the three major anthelmintic families. In order to overcome the appearance of resistance, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. The active ingredients of herbal essential oils are potentially effective antiparasitic drugs. Carvacrol is one of the principal chemical of essential oil from Origanum, Thymus, Coridothymus, Thymbra, Satureja and Lippia herbs. However the antiparasitic mode of action of carvacrol is poorly understood so far. Here, the objective of the work was to characterize and investigate the activity of carvacrol on Parascaris sp. nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) function both in vivo with the use of worm neuro-muscular flap preparations and in vitro with elecrophysiology on nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Strikingly, we observed that carvacrol fully abolished Parascaris sp. muscle contractions elicited by acetylcholine. Conversely, carvacrol inhibited acetylcholine-induced currents on both the nicotine-sentitive AChR and the morantel-sensitive AChR subtypes. Thus, we show for the first time that the body muscle flap preparation is a tractable approach to investigate the pharmacology of Parascaris sp. neuro-muscular system. Our results suggest an intriguing mode of action for carvacrol being a potent antagonist of muscle nAChRs of Parascaris sp. worms which may account for its antiparasitic potency.
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- 2021
22. The narrow-spectrum anthelmintic oxantel is a potent agonist of a novel acetylcholine receptor subtype in whipworms
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Hansen, Tina V A, Cirera, Susanna, Neveu, Cédric, Courtot, Elise, Charvet, Claude L, Calloe, Kirstine, Klaerke, Dan A, Martin, Richard J, Hansen, Tina V A, Cirera, Susanna, Neveu, Cédric, Courtot, Elise, Charvet, Claude L, Calloe, Kirstine, Klaerke, Dan A, and Martin, Richard J
- Abstract
In the absence of efficient alternative strategies, the control of parasitic nematodes, impacting human and animal health, mainly relies on the use of broad-spectrum anthelmintic compounds. Unfortunately, most of these drugs have a limited single-dose efficacy against infections caused by the whipworm, Trichuris. These infections are of both human and veterinary importance. However, in contrast to a wide range of parasitic nematode species, the narrow-spectrum anthelmintic oxantel has a high efficacy on Trichuris spp. Despite this knowledge, the molecular target(s) of oxantel within Trichuris is still unknown. In the distantly related pig roundworm, Ascaris suum, oxantel has a small, but significant effect on the recombinant homomeric Nicotine-sensitive ionotropic acetylcholine receptor (N-AChR) made up of five ACR-16 subunits. Therefore, we hypothesized that in whipworms, a putative homolog of an ACR-16 subunit, can form a functional oxantel-sensitive receptor. Using the pig whipworm T. suis as a model, we identified and cloned a novel ACR-16-like subunit and successfully expressed the corresponding homomeric channel in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Electrophysiological experiments revealed this receptor to have distinctive pharmacological properties with oxantel acting as a full agonist, hence we refer to the receptor as an O-AChR subtype. Pyrantel activated this novel O-AChR subtype moderately, whereas classic nicotinic agonists surprisingly resulted in only minor responses. We observed that the expression of the ACR-16-like subunit in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans conferred an increased sensitivity to oxantel of recombinant worms. We demonstrated that the novel Tsu-ACR-16-like receptor is indeed a target for oxantel, although other receptors may be involved. These finding brings new insight into the understanding of the high sensitivity of whipworms to oxantel, and highlights the importance of the discovery of additional distinct receptor subunit
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- 2021
23. The molecular targets of ivermectin and lotilaner in the human louse Pediculus humanus humanus: New prospects for the treatment of pediculosis
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, primary, Toubate, Berthine, additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, Charnet, Pierre, additional, Dupuy, Catherine, additional, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, additional, Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle, additional, and Charvet, Claude L., additional
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- 2021
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24. The narrow-spectrum anthelmintic oxantel is a potent agonist of a novel acetylcholine receptor subtype in whipworms
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Hansen, Tina V. A., primary, Cirera, Susanna, additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, Courtot, Elise, additional, Charvet, Claude L., additional, Calloe, Kirstine, additional, Klaerke, Dan A., additional, and Martin, Richard J., additional
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- 2021
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25. Pharmacological characterization of novel heteromeric GluCl subtypes from Caenorhabditis elegans and parasitic nematodes.
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Courtot, Elise, Corset, Angélique, Charvet, Claude L., and Neveu, Cédric
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CAENORHABDITIS elegans ,NEMATODES ,CAENORHABDITIS ,CHLORIDE channels ,XENOPUS laevis ,ANTHELMINTICS ,DRUG target ,ANIMAL health - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Macrocyclic lactones are the most widely used broad‐spectrum anthelmintic drugs for the treatment of parasitic nematodes affecting both human and animal health. Macrocyclic lactones are agonists of the nematode glutamate‐gated chloride channels (GluCls). However, for many important nematode species, the GluCls subunit composition and pharmacological properties remain largely unknown. To gain new insights into GluCl diversity and mode of action of macrocyclic lactones, we identified and pharmacologically characterized receptors made of highly conserved GluCl subunits from the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the human filarial nematode Brugia malayi and the horse parasite Parascaris univalens. Experimental Approach AVR‐14, GLC‐2, GLC3 and GLC‐4 are the most conserved GluCl subunits throughout the Nematoda phylum. For each nematode species, we investigated the ability of these subunits to form either homomeric or heteromeric GluCls when expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and carried out detailed pharmacological characterization of the functional channels. Key Results: A total of 14 GluCls were functionally reconstituted, and heteromers formation was inferred from pharmacological criteria. The GLC‐2 subunit plays a pivotal role in the composition of heteromeric GluCls in nematodes. We also found a novel GluCl subtype, combining GLC‐2/GLC‐3 subunits, for which a high concentration of the anthelmintics ivermectin and moxidectin reversibly potentiates glutamate‐induced response. Conclusion and Implications: This study brings new insights into the diversity of GluCl subtypes in nematodes and promotes novel drug targets for the development of the next generation of anthelmintic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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26. Lupin (Lupinus spp.) seeds exert anthelmintic activity associated with their alkaloid content
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Dubois, Ophélie, Allanic, Camille, Charvet, Claude L., Guégnard, Fabrice, Février, Hélène, Thery-Kone, I., Cortet, Jacques, Koch, Christine, Bouvier, Frédéric, Fassier, Thierry, Marcon, Didier, Magnin-Robert, Jean-Bernard, Peineau, Nicolas, Courtot, Elise, Huau, Christophe, Meynadier, Annabelle, Enguehard-Gueiffier, Cécile, Neveu, Cédric, Boudesocque-Delaye, Leslie, and Sallé, Guillaume
- Subjects
haemonchus contortus ,teladorsagia circumcincta ,propriété anthelminthique ,lupin ,parasitic diseases ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,alcaloïde ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode parasite - Abstract
The growing range of drug resistant parasitic nematode populations threatens the sustainability of ruminant farming worldwide. In this context, nutraceuticals, animal feed that provides necessary dietary requirements while ensuring parasite control, could contribute to increase farming sustainability in developed and low resource settings. In this study, we evaluated the anthelmintic potential of lupin seed extracts against the major ruminant trichostrongylids, Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta. In vitro observations showed that seed extracts from commercially available lupin varieties could significantly but moderately inhibit larval migration. This anthelmintic effect was mediated by the seed alkaloid content and was potent against both fully susceptible and multidrug resistant H. contortus isolates as well as a susceptible T. circumcincta isolate. Analytical chemistry revealed a set of four lupanine and sparteine-derivatives with anthelmintic activity, and electrophysiology assays on recombinant nematode acetylcholine receptors suggested an antagonistic mode of action for lupin alkaloids. An in vivo trial in H. contortus infected lupin-fed ewes and goats failed to demonstrate any direct anthelmintic effect of crude lupin seeds but infected lupin-fed goats suffered significantly less parasite-mediated blood losses. Altogether, our findings suggest that the anthelmintic potential of lupin remains limited. However, the potent alkaloids identified could lead to the development of novel drugs or may be used in combination with current anthelmintics to improve their efficacy.
- Published
- 2019
27. A first insight into the effect of Lotilaner on GABA-gated channels from the european tick Ixodes ricinus
- Author
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Auger, Clément, Rispe, Claude, Hervet, Caroline, Courtot, Elise, THANY, Steeve, Plantard, Olivier, Neveu, Cédric, and Charvet, Claude
- Subjects
tique ,résistance aux insecticides ,fungi ,parasitic diseases ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,ixodes ricinus ,canal ionique ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,récepteur gaba - Abstract
Ticks are strict blood-feeding arthropods (Acari), which represent a major health issue for wild or domesticated animals and humans, due to their potential to transmit disease agents. Control of ticks is increasingly difficult due to the development of drug-resistant parasites. Ligand-gated ion channels of the tick central nervous system are the primary targets of acaricides. Among those receptors, the γ-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride ion channels (GABACls) are the main synaptic inhibitory receptors. Lotilaner is a recently developed parasiticide from the isoxazoline chemical class that was shown to be a non-competitive antagonist of GABACls from the livestock tick Rhipicephalus microplus. In the present study, we characterized the GABACls from the European tick species Ixodes ricinus. We extracted RNAs from Ixodes ricinus nymphs. Taking advantage of the phylogenetic closeness of I. ricinus and R. microplus in the Arthropoda phylum, we identified the I. ricinus GABACl subunit homologue. The cDNA encoding the Iri- GABACl was cloned and the corresponding in vitro synthesized cRNAs were micro-injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes to investigate its pharmacological properties. Functional expression and two-electrode voltage clamp studies demonstrated that the GABACl subunit formed a homomeric receptor gated by GABA. Importantly, the insecticides like lotilaner, fipronil and picrotoxin efficiently blocked the GABA currents as previously observed for the R. microplus GABACl. Surprisingly, I. ricinus GABACl was not sensitive to the pesticide dieldrin, suggesting a potential naturally existing resistance mechanism involving alternative exons. Here we report the functional characterization of the first GABACl of I. ricinus demonstrating that it is an important molecular target for lotilaner. Transcriptomic analysis of I. ricinus are in progress to identify new acaricidal targets.
- Published
- 2019
28. Nicotine-sensitive acetylcholine receptors are relevant pharmacological targets for the control of multidrug resistant parasitic nematodes
- Author
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Guégnard, Fabrice, Cortet, Jacques, Charvet, Claude, Neveu, Cédric, and Courtot, Elise
- Subjects
haemonchus contortus ,caenorhabditis elegans ,résistance aux insecticides ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,parasite ,récepteur acétylcholine ,antiparasitaire ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie - Abstract
The control of parasitic nematodes impacting animal health relies on the use of broad spectrum anthelmintics. However, intensive use of these drugs has led to the selection of resistant parasites in livestock industry. In that respect, there is currently an urgent need for novel compounds able to control resistant parasites. Nicotine has also historically been used as a de-wormer until modern anthelmintics were marketed. The pharmacological target of nicotine has been identified in nematodes as acetylcholine- gated ion channels. Nicotinic-sensitive acetylcholine receptors (N-AChRs) therefore represent validated pharmacological targets than remain largely under-exploited. In the present study, we developed an automated larval migration assay (ALMA) and showed that nicotinic derivatives (anabasine/nornicotine) efficiently paralyzed a multiple (benzimidazoles/levamisole/ pyrantel/ivermectin) resistant field isolate of Haemonchus contortus. Additionally, using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, we confirmed that the N-AChRs subtype contributes to the anthelmintic effect of nicotinic analogs. Interestingly, the functional expression of the homomeric N-AChR from C. elegans and the distantly related horse parasite Parascaris equorum in Xenopus oocytes highlighted some striking differences in their respective pharmacological properties towards nicotine derivative sensitivity. Noteworthy, nicotine and anabasine were more potent than ACh in activating the P. equorum N-AChR as revealed by their respective EC50 values (2.9 ± 0.5 μM and 1.7 ± 0.1 μM versus 6.4 ± 1.1 μM, respectively), unlike nornicotine (34.9 ± 7.2 μM) whereas the potency series for the C. elegans N-AChR was Nic > ACh = Ana > Nor. Taken together these results validate the exploitation of the N-AChRs of parasitic nematodes as targets for the development of resistance-breaking compounds.
- Published
- 2019
29. Lotilaner is a potent inhibitor of the novel GABA receptor of body lice Pediculus humanus humanus
- Author
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Toubate, Berthine, Neveu, Cédric, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Charvet, Claude, and Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle
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résistance aux insecticides ,Lice ,Lotilaner ,GABA receptor ,parasitic diseases ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,canal ionique ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,récepteur gaba ,pou de tête - Abstract
Drug resistance in the parasites field, including the cosmopolitan lice (Pediculus humanus), and the prevalence increasing despite the marketing of new therapies are an important challenge for our societies. The major pharmacological targets of insecticides like pyrethrins, malathion, spinosad and ivermectin (also used as nematicide and acaricide) are the ligand gated ion channels present in the nervous system of insects. Currently, targets of these molecules remain largely unknown in body lice. Among those channels receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid gated chloride ion channels (GABACl) are the main synaptic inhibitory receptors in insects, making them pertinent pharmacological targets. In the present study, we identified and characterized the targets of insecticides in lice to decipher the mode of action of insecticides in Pediculidae. Research in the genomic databases of Pediculus humanus allowed us to identify a GABACl subunit encoded by the Resistance to dieldrin (Rdl) gene. We cloned the corresponding full-length cDNA into a transcription vector and performed in vitro synthesis of the cRNAs, which were injected in the Xenopus oocysts system to reconstitute functional channels. Two-electrode voltage clamp recordings showed that Phh-RDL assemble into a homomeric receptor sensitive to different insecticides like fipronil, picrotoxin and lotilaner, a novel class of ectoparasiticide agent using to treat ticks and fleas of dogs (CredelioTM, Elanco). These results correlated with the efficacy of these drugs on lice in vivo. In conclusion, we report the functional characterization of the first GABACl of Pediculus humanus humanus. These results contribute to our understanding of the mode of action of insecticide compounds and will allow the development of new therapeutic strategies to control lice infestations.
- Published
- 2019
30. Study of the role of P-Glycoprotein-2 of the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus in the cholesterol uptake
- Author
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Mohamed, Fatima, Neveu, Cédric, and Issouf, Mohamed
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carbohydrates (lipids) ,integumentary system ,endocrine system diseases ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,parasite ,polycyclic compounds ,p glycoprotéine ,antiparasitaire ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode - Abstract
Recent studies have described the involvement of Caenorhabditis elegans p-glycoprotein-2 in lysosome formation and lipid storage. In that respect, we are carefully trying to identify in Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri the free-living nematode model Caenorhabtidis elegans p-glycoprotein homologs using degenerate primers. These experiments have allowed the identification of five partial p-glycoprotein sequences. Among those Hba-pgp-2 has particular interest. Since, C. elegans PGP-2 is involved in the transport of cholesterol. Cholesterol is needed for molting and growth of the nematodes. In this study, a full-length cDNA sequence corresponding to Hba-pgp-2 was obtained. It presents high homologies with the Cel-pgp-2 gene sequence. Moreover, we showed that Hba-pgp-2 is expressed among the eggs, fourth-stage larvae and adult and their expression could be induced by cholesterol. In order to characterize the Hba-pgp-2 function, the Hba-pgp-2 promoter was analyzed using the nematode model C. elegans and complementation of C. elegans pgp-2 mutant by Hba-pgp-2 was performed. This opens the way for studying the involvement of Pgps in parasitic biological process that can lead to develop new way to control nematode parasites.
- Published
- 2019
31. Deciphering the molecular determinants of cholinergic anthelmintic sensitivity in nematodes: When novel functional validation approaches highlight major differences between the model Caenorhabditis elegans and parasitic species
- Author
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Blanchard, Alexandra, Guégnard, Fabrice, Charvet, Claude L., Crisford, Anna, Courtot, Elise, Sauvé, Christine, Harmache, Abdallah, Duguet, Thomas, O'Connor, Vincent, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, Reaves, Barbara, Wolstenholme, Adrian J., Beech, Robin N., Holden-Dye, Lindy, Neveu, Cédric, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), University of Southampton, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Georgia [USA], 'Federation de recherche en infectiologie', Biotechnology and Biological Sciences (BBSRC) grant number BB/J006890/1, award R21AI092022 from the National Institutes of Health, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours
- Subjects
Life Cycles ,Nematoda ,Xenopus ,Biochemistry ,Animals, Genetically Modified ,Xenopus laevis ,Database and Informatics Methods ,Larvae ,Receptors, Cholinergic ,Small interfering RNAs ,Nematode Infections ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Genes, Helminth ,Phylogeny ,Anthelmintics ,Antinematodal Agents ,Eukaryota ,Neurochemistry ,Animal Models ,Neurotransmitters ,Recombinant Proteins ,Nucleic acids ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Experimental Organism Systems ,Caenorhabditis Elegans ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Xenopus Oocytes ,Vertebrates ,Frogs ,Female ,Haemonchus ,Sequence Analysis ,Research Article ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Bioinformatics ,Cholinergics ,Cholinergic Agonists ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Amphibians ,Model Organisms ,Genetics ,Animals ,Gene Silencing ,Non-coding RNA ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Invertebrates ,Gene regulation ,Protein Subunits ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Levamisole ,Oocytes ,Caenorhabditis ,RNA ,Pyrantel ,Gene expression ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,Sequence Alignment ,Developmental Biology ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Cholinergic agonists such as levamisole and pyrantel are widely used as anthelmintics to treat parasitic nematode infestations. These drugs elicit spastic paralysis by activating acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) expressed in nematode body wall muscles. In the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, genetic screens led to the identification of five genes encoding levamisole-sensitive-AChR (L-AChR) subunits: unc-38, unc-63, unc-29, lev-1 and lev-8. These subunits form a functional L-AChR when heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Here we show that the majority of parasitic species that are sensitive to levamisole lack a gene orthologous to C. elegans lev-8. This raises important questions concerning the properties of the native receptor that constitutes the target for cholinergic anthelmintics. We demonstrate that the closely related ACR-8 subunit from phylogenetically distant animal and plant parasitic nematode species functionally substitutes for LEV-8 in the C. elegans L-AChR when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The importance of ACR-8 in parasitic nematode sensitivity to cholinergic anthelmintics is reinforced by a ‘model hopping’ approach in which we demonstrate the ability of ACR-8 from the hematophagous parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus to fully restore levamisole sensitivity, and to confer high sensitivity to pyrantel, when expressed in the body wall muscle of C. elegans lev-8 null mutants. The critical role of acr-8 to in vivo drug sensitivity is substantiated by the successful demonstration of RNAi gene silencing for Hco-acr-8 which reduced the sensitivity of H. contortus larvae to levamisole. Intriguingly, the pyrantel sensitivity remained unchanged thus providing new evidence for distinct modes of action of these important anthelmintics in parasitic species versus C. elegans. More broadly, this highlights the limits of C. elegans as a predictive model to decipher cholinergic agonist targets from parasitic nematode species and provides key molecular insight to inform the discovery of next generation anthelmintic compounds., Author summary Parasitic nematodes have global health and economic impacts. They infect animals, including livestock, humans, and plants including all major food crops. Their control in human and veterinary medicine is reliant on anthelmintic drugs but this is now challenged by resistant worms especially in livestock. Importantly, for anthelmintics such as levamisole and other cholinergic agonists, resistance appears to be less frequent stressing the need to investigate their molecular target in parasitic nematodes. The levamisole receptor was first identified in the free-living model nematode C. elegans but it is now becoming apparent that this is not a good predictor for many parasitic species. In particular we have found that the LEV-8 subunit which is involved in levamisole sensitivity in C. elegans, is not present in many levamisole-sensitive parasitic species. Here we used heterologous expression systems and gene silencing to provide the functional in vivo demonstration that the ACR-8 subunit, which is not an essential component of the levamisole receptor in C. elegans, has a critical role in the levamisole sensitivity of parasitic nematodes. This has important significance for understanding the molecular targets of cholinergic anthelmintics and addresses the increasing challenge of drug resistance.
- Published
- 2017
32. Functional characterization of the nicotine-sensitive AChR from Oesophagostomum dentatum
- Author
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Courtot, Elise, Gabaj, Hadile, Peineau, Nicolas, Martin, Richard J., Robertson , Alan P., Boulin, Thomas, Beech, Robin, Neveu, Cédric, and Charvet, Claude
- Subjects
oesophagostomum ,anthelminthique ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,récepteur acétylcholine ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode - Published
- 2015
33. Pharmacological profile of Ascaris suum ACR-16, a new homomeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor widely distributed in Ascaris tissues.
- Author
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Abongwa, Melanie, Buxton, Samuel K, Courtot, Elise, Charvet, Claude L, Neveu, Cédric, McCoy, Ciaran J, Verma, Saurabh, Robertson, Alan P, Martin, Richard J, and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
ASCARIS suum ,NICOTINIC acetylcholine receptors ,ASCARIS ,ANTHELMINTICS ,NEMATODE infections ,THERAPEUTICS ,RNA metabolism ,CHOLINERGIC receptors ,AMINO acids ,ANIMAL experimentation ,MOLECULAR structure ,RNA ,NICOTINIC antagonists ,PHARMACODYNAMICS - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Control of nematode parasite infections relies largely on anthelmintic drugs, several of which act on nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs), and there are concerns about the development of resistance. There is an urgent need for development of new compounds to overcome resistance and novel anthelmintic drug targets. We describe the functional expression and pharmacological characterization of a homomeric nAChR, ACR-16, from a nematode parasite.Experimental Approach: Using RT-PCR, molecular cloning and two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology, we localized acr-16 mRNA in Ascaris suum (Asu) and then cloned and expressed acr-16 cRNA in Xenopus oocytes. Sensitivity of these receptors to cholinergic anthelmintics and a range of nicotinic agonists was tested.Key Results: Amino acid sequence comparison with vertebrate nAChR subunits revealed ACR-16 to be most closely related to α7 receptors, but with some striking distinctions. acr-16 mRNA was recovered from Asu somatic muscle, pharynx, ovijector, head and intestine. In electrophysiological experiments, the existing cholinergic anthelmintic agonists (morantel, levamisole, methyridine, thenium, bephenium, tribendimidine and pyrantel) did not activate Asu-ACR-16 (except for a small response to oxantel). Other nAChR agonists: nicotine, ACh, cytisine, 3-bromocytisine and epibatidine, produced robust current responses which desensitized at a rate varying with the agonists. Unlike α7, Asu-ACR-16 was insensitive to α-bungarotoxin and did not respond to genistein or other α7 positive allosteric modulators. Asu-ACR-16 had lower calcium permeability than α7 receptors.Conclusions and Implications: We suggest that ACR-16 has diverse tissue-dependent functions in nematode parasites and is a suitable drug target for development of novel anthelmintic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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34. Pharmacological profile ofAscaris suumACR‐16, a new homomeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor widely distributed inAscaristissues
- Author
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Abongwa, Melanie, primary, Buxton, Samuel K, additional, Courtot, Elise, additional, Charvet, Claude L, additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, McCoy, Ciaran J, additional, Verma, Saurabh, additional, Robertson, Alan P, additional, and Martin, Richard J, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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35. Is the apocrine milk secretion process observed in the goat species rooted in the perturbation of the intracellular transport mechanism induced by defective alleles at the alphaS1-Cn locus ?
- Author
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Neveu, Cédric, Riaublanc, Alain, Miranda, Guy, Chich, Jean-François, Martin, Patrice, ProdInra, Migration, UR 0121 Laboratoire de recherche de Technologie Laitière, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire d'étude des interactions des molécules alimentaires, Biochimie bactérienne (BIOBAC), Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), and Unité de recherche Génétique Biochimique et Cytogénétique (LGBC)
- Subjects
[SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies ,[SDV.SA.SPA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies - Abstract
"Chantier qualité spécifique "Auteurs Externes" département de Génétique animale : uniquement liaison auteur au référentiel HR-Access "; International audience
- Published
- 2002
36. The plant apoplasm is an important recipient compartment for nematode secreted proteins
- Author
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Vieira, Paulo, primary, Danchin, Etienne G. J., additional, Neveu, Cédric, additional, Crozat, Carine, additional, Jaubert, Stéphanie, additional, Hussey, Richard S., additional, Engler, Gilbert, additional, Abad, Pierre, additional, de Almeida-Engler, Janice, additional, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, additional, and Rosso, Marie-Noëlle, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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37. A Set of Genes Differentially Expressed Between Avirulent and Virulent Meloidogyne incognita Near-Isogenic Lines Encode Secreted Proteins
- Author
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Neveu, Cédric, primary, Jaubert, Stéphanie, additional, Abad, Pierre, additional, and Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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38. Effect of macrocyclic lactones on Parascaris sp. glutamate-gated chloride channels
- Author
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Charvet, Claude
- Subjects
résistance aux anthelmintiques ,Parascaris equorum ,lactone ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,mécanisme de résistance ,ascarididae ,Parascaris sp ,Glutamate-dependant chloride channel receptor (GluCl) ,Macrocyclic lactones ,canal ionique ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode ,équin - Abstract
Parascaris sp. is the largest parasitic nematode of horse causing digestive and respiratory disorders to the animal. The control of equine ascaridiosis relies on anthelmintic treatments including macrocyclic lactones (MLs) as the gold standard. However, control of infestation is increasingly difficult due to the emergence of resistant parasites throughout the world. In the free-living model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, glutamate-dependent chloride channel receptors (GluCls) were identified as the main targets of MLs. However, in Parascaris sp, the mode of action of MLs remain poorly understood. Here we identified the Parascaris sp. GluCls and characterized the effect of a wide range of MLs. Using a candidate gene approach, we identified the orthologs of 6 genes encoding GluCls subunits in Parascaris sp. The complete cDNAs encoding these subunits were amplified by PCR and cloned into a transcription vector. The corresponding cRNAs were synthesized in vitro and then microinjected into Xenopus laevis oocytes. Two-electrode voltage-clamp experiments were performed on recombinant GluCls to investigate their pharmacological properties. Thus, the expression of a single subunit and combination of different subunits in Xenopus oocytes allowed us to obtain the functional homeric and heteromeric GluCls of Parascaris sp. The receptors were both sensitive to glutamate and ivermectin but the effect of seven different ML compounds revealed striking differences. The physiological function and the impact of MLs on these receptors in vivo are in progress. This study, provides a better understanding of the pharmacology of GluCls as well as the mode of action of MLs in nematode parasites.
- Published
- 2019
39. Nouvelles approches pour combattre la résistance des parasites aux vermifuges
- Author
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Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
Microbiology and Parasitology ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,résistance anthelmintique ,nématode parasite - Published
- 2019
40. Effets des lactones macrocycliques sur les canaux chlorure glutamate-dépendant du nématode parasite du cheval Parascaris sp
- Author
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Lamassiaude, Nicolas, Courtot, Elise, Neveu, Cédric, and Charvet, Claude
- Subjects
Microbiology and Parasitology ,Parascaris sp ,Lactones macrocycliques ,Canaux chlorure glutamate-dépendant (GluCls) ,ivermectine ,ovocytes de Xenopus laevis ,cheval ,canal à chlorure ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode - Abstract
Parascaris sp. est le plus grand nématode parasite des équins (chevaux, ânes, poneys…) et est responsable de l’ascaridiose équine. Cette maladie se traduit par des troubles digestifs et respiratoires chez l’animal pouvant conduire à sa mort. Le contrôle de ce parasite repose essentiellement sur l’utilisation d’anthelminthiques tels que les lactones macrocycliques (MLs). Cependant, le contrôle de l'infestation est de plus en plus difficile en raison de l’émergence de parasites résistants à travers le monde. Chez le nématode modèle Caenorhabditis elegans, les récepteurs canaux chlorure glutamate-dépendants (GluCls) ont été identifiés comme étant les cibles principales des MLs. Toutefois, chez Parascaris sp., le mode d'action des MLs reste largement méconnu. Dans cette étude, nous avons identifié les GluCls de Parascaris sp. et caractérisé l’effet d’une large gamme de MLs. En utilisant une approche de type gène-candidat, nous avons identifié les orthologues de 6 gènes codant pour des sous-unités de GluCls chez Parascaris sp. Les ADNc codant pour ces sous-unités ont été amplifiés par PCR et clonés dans un vecteur de transcription. Les ARNc correspondants ont été synthétisés in vitro puis microinjectés dans des ovocytes de Xenopus laevis. Des expériences de « two-electrode voltage-clamp » ont été effectuées sur des GluCls recombinants afin d'étudier leurs propriétés pharmacologiques. Ainsi, l’expression d’une seule sous-unité et la combinaison de différentes sous-unités dans les ovocytes de xénope nous ont permis d’obtenir les GluCls homériques et hétéromèriques fonctionnels de Parascaris sp. Les récepteurs étaient sensibles au glutamate et à l'ivermectine, mais présentaient des sensibilités très différentes face aux autres MLs appliquées. L’étude des fonctions physiologiques et l’impact des MLs sur ces récepteurs in vivo est en cours. Cette étude fournit une meilleure compréhension de la pharmacologie des GluCls ainsi que du mode d'action des lactones macrocycliques chez les nématodes parasites.
- Published
- 2019
41. Nicotine-sensitive acetylcholine receptors are relevant pharmacological targets for the control of multidrug resistant parasitic nematodes
- Author
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Jacques Cortet, Claude L. Charvet, Cédric Neveu, Fabrice Guégnard, Elise Courtot, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), INRA, NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (P40 OD010440), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Nematoda ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,propriété pharmacologique ,Pharmacology ,Receptors, Nicotinic ,Nicotine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Xenopus laevis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug Delivery Systems ,stade larvaire ,Pyrantel ,Pharmacology (medical) ,récepteur acétylcholine ,Nematode Infections ,2. Zero hunger ,Anthelmintics ,Antinematodal Agents ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,Anabasine ,Helminth Proteins ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,Drug Resistance, Multiple ,3. Good health ,haemonchus contortus ,Infectious Diseases ,Nicotinic agonist ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,électrophysiologie ,Larva ,Haemonchus ,migration parasitaire ,medicine.drug ,Nornicotine ,Livestock ,Biology ,nématode parasite ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Parascaris equorum ,Ascaridoidea ,medicine ,Homomeric ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Horses ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,Acetylcholine receptor ,Sheep ,ved/biology ,anthelminthique ,Articles from the scientific meeting: "Anthelmintics: From Discovery to Resistance III", pp. 494 - 628 ,Protein Subunits ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Levamisole ,Parasitology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The control of parasitic nematodes impacting animal health relies on the use of broad spectrum anthelmintics. However, intensive use of these drugs has led to the selection of resistant parasites in livestock industry. In that respect, there is currently an urgent need for novel compounds able to control resistant parasites. Nicotine has also historically been used as a de-wormer but was removed from the market when modern anthelmintics became available. The pharmacological target of nicotine has been identified in nematodes as acetylcholine-gated ion channels. Nicotinic-sensitive acetylcholine receptors (N-AChRs) therefore represent validated pharmacological targets that remain largely under-exploited. In the present study, using an automated larval migration assay (ALMA), we report that nicotinic derivatives efficiently paralyzed a multiple (benzimidazoles/levamisole/pyrantel/ivermectin) resistant field isolate of H. contortus. Using C. elegans as a model we confirmed that N-AChRs are preferential targets for nornicotine and anabasine. Functional expression of the homomeric N-AChR from C. elegans and the distantly related horse parasite Parascaris equorum in Xenopus oocytes highlighted some striking differences in their respective pharmacological properties towards nicotine derivative sensitivity. This work validates the exploitation of the nicotine receptors of parasitic nematodes as targets for the development of resistance-breaking compounds., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • Monitoring of H. contortus L3 anthelmintic sensitivity with the automated larval migration assay. • Nicotinic derivatives paralyze multiple anthelmintic-resistant H. contortus. • C. elegans and Parascaris spp ACR-16 N-AChRs are targeted by nicotinic derivatives.
- Published
- 2018
42. Deciphering the molecular determinants of cholinergic anthelmintic sensitivity in nematodes: When novel functional validation approaches highlight major differences between the model Caenorhabditis elegans and parasitic species
- Author
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Blanchard, Alexandra, Guégnard, Fabrice, Charvet, Claude L., Crisford, Anna, Courtot, Elise, Sauvé, Christine, Harmache, Abdallah, Duguet, Thomas, O'Connor, Vincent, Castagnone-Sereno, Philippe, Reaves, Barbara, Wolstenholme, Adrian J., Beech, Robin N., Holden-Dye, Lindy, and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
caenorhabditis elegans ,anthelminthique ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,lévamisole ,récepteur cholinergique ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode parasite - Abstract
Cholinergic agonists such as levamisole and pyrantel are widely used as anthelmintics to treat parasitic nematode infestations. These drugs elicit spastic paralysis by activating acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) expressed in nematode body wall muscles. In the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, genetic screens led to the identification of five genes encoding levamisole-sensitive-AChR (L-AChR) subunits: unc-38, unc-63, unc-29, lev-1 and lev-8. These subunits form a functional L-AChR when heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Here we show that the majority of parasitic species that are sensitive to levamisole lack a gene orthologous to C. elegans lev-8. This raises important questions concerning the properties of the native receptor that constitutes the target for cholinergic anthelmintics. We demonstrate that the closely related ACR-8 subunit from phylogenetically distant animal and plant parasitic nematode species functionally substitutes for LEV-8 in the C. elegans L-AChR when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The importance of ACR-8 in parasitic nematode sensitivity to cholinergic anthelmintics is reinforced by a 'model hopping' approach in which we demonstrate the ability of ACR-8 from the hematophagous parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus to fully restore levamisole sensitivity, and to confer high sensitivity to pyrantel, when expressed in the body wall muscle of C. elegans lev-8 null mutants. The critical role of acr-8 to in vivo drug sensitivity is substantiated by the successful demonstration of RNAi gene silencing for Hco-acr-8 which reduced the sensitivity of H. contortus larvae to levamisole. Intriguingly, the pyrantel sensitivity remained unchanged thus providing new evidence for distinct modes of action of these important anthelmintics in parasitic species versus C. elegans. More broadly, this highlights the limits of C. elegans as a predictive model to decipher cholinergic agonist targets from parasitic nematode species and provides key molecular insight to inform the discovery of next generation anthelmintic compounds.
- Published
- 2018
43. Nouvelles approches pour le contrôle des parasites résistants aux vermifuges
- Author
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Charvet, Claude L., Courtot, Elise, Harmache, Abdallah, Guégnard, Fabrice, and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
résistance aux anthelmintiques ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,parasitisme ,Nématodes ,Anthelminthiques ,Résistance ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,nématode ,mécanisme moléculaire - Abstract
Les méthodes de luttes employées contre les nématodes parasites qui impactent la santé humaine ou animale sont remises en cause par l’émergence d’isolats capables de développer des résistances aux vermifuges (anthelminthiques). Dans ce contexte, la compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires à l’origine de ce phénomène ainsi que l’identification de nouvelles cibles pharmacologiques pour la découverte de nouveaux anthelminthiques sont indispensables au développement de stratégies de gestion du parasitisme efficaces et plus durables., The control of parasitic nematode infections in humans, livestock and companion animals is critically dependent on anthelmintic treatment. However, the indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs has inevitably led to the selection of resistant parasites. In this respect there is currently an urgent need to increase our knowledge on the mode of action of available anthelmintics as well as to identify novel targets for the development of next generation anthelmintic drugs.
- Published
- 2018
44. Haemonchus contortus P-Glycoproteins Interact with Host Eosinophil Granules: A Novel Insight into the Role of ABC Transporters in Host-Parasite Interaction
- Author
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Alexandra Blanchard-Letort, Christine Koch, Mohamed Issouf, Cedric Neveu, Fabrice Guégnard, Robin N. Beech, D. Kerboeuf, Yves Le Vern, Hua Che, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Institute of Parasitology, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], PhD Grant (French Department of Mayotte), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
Male ,Glycobiology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Gene Expression ,ATP-binding cassette transporter ,Helminth Infection ,Biochemistry ,0302 clinical medicine ,Molecular Cell Biology ,Cytotoxic T cell ,lcsh:Science ,Immune Response ,Nematology ,Phylogeny ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,integumentary system ,éosinophile ,santé animale ,Effector ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,santé humaine ,Animal Models ,Helminth Proteins ,DNA, Helminth ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,Cell biology ,Host-Pathogen Interaction ,haemonchus contortus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Infectious Diseases ,granulocyte ,Medicine ,Membranes and Sorting ,Haemonchus ,Efflux ,p glycoprotéine ,Haemonchus contortus ,Research Article ,ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B ,Immune Cells ,réponse immunitaire ,pcr quantitative ,030231 tropical medicine ,Immunology ,Cytoplasmic Granules ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbiology ,Host-Parasite Interactions ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Model Organisms ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Parasitic Diseases ,Animals ,Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Glycoproteins ,Sheep ,lcsh:R ,Eosinophil ,biology.organism_classification ,interaction hôte parasite ,Eosinophils ,Nematode ,helminthe ,lcsh:Q ,Parasitology ,Haemonchiasis ,mortalité ,Zoology ,Helminthology - Abstract
International audience; Eosinophils are one of the major mammalian effector cells encountered by helminths during infection. In the present study, we investigated the effects of eosinophil granule exposure on the sheep parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus as a model. H. contortus eggs exposed to eosinophil granule products showed increased rhodamine 123 efflux and this effect was not due to loss of egg integrity. Rh123 is known to be a specific P-glycoprotein (Pgp) substrate and led to the hypothesis that in addition to their critical role in xenobiotic resistance, helminth ABC transporters such as Pgp may also be involved in the detoxification of host cytotoxic products. We showed by quantitative RT-PCR that, among nine different H. contortus Pgp genes, Hco-pgp-3, Hco-pgp-9.2, Hco-pgp-11 and, Hco-pgp-16 were specifically up-regulated in parasitic life stages suggesting a potential involvement of these Pgps in the detoxification of eosinophil granule products. Using exsheathed L3 larvae that mimic the first life stage in contact with the host, we demonstrated that eosinophil granules induced a dose dependent overexpression of Hco-pgp-3 and the closely related Hco-pgp-16. Taken together, our results provide the first evidence that a subset of helminth Pgps interact with, and could be involved in the detoxification of, host products. This opens the way for further studies aiming to explore the role of helminth Pgps in the host-parasite interaction, including evasion of the host immune response.
- Published
- 2014
45. Functional Characterization of a Novel Class of Morantel-Sensitive Acetylcholine Receptors in Nematodes
- Author
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Elise Courtot, Robin N. Beech, Cedric Neveu, Abdallah Harmache, Vincent O'Connor, Adrian J. Wolstenholme, Debra J. Woods, Nicolas Peineau, Claude L. Charvet, Lindy Holden-Dye, UR Infectiologie animale et Santé publique (UR IASP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Parasitology, Université McGill, Department of Infectious Disease and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Disease, University of Georgia [USA], School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Département de physiologie animale, Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Zoetis - «La Fédération de Recherche en infectiologie de la région Centre», ProdInra, Migration, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Neveu, Cédric, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Centre for Biological Sciences (University of Southampton), and Biotechnocentre. FRA.
- Subjects
Patch-Clamp Techniques ,Nematoda ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Xenopus ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pyrantel ,Anthelmintic ,Receptors, Cholinergic ,Acetylcholine receptor ,Receptor ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,In Situ Hybridization ,Phylogeny ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Caenorhabditis elegans ,nématode ,Nematode ,Anthelmintics ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,Helminth Proteins ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Morantel ,récepteur cholinergique ,Haemonchus ,Research Article ,Haemonchus contortus ,medicine.drug ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Immunology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,ACR-26 ,ACR-27 ,Virology ,Ascaridoidea ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Base Sequence ,anthelminthique ,ved/biology ,Parascaris equorum ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Parasitology ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Acetylcholine receptors are pentameric ligand–gated channels involved in excitatory neuro-transmission in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In nematodes, they represent major targets for cholinergic agonist or antagonist anthelmintic drugs. Despite the large diversity of acetylcholine-receptor subunit genes present in nematodes, only a few receptor subtypes have been characterized so far. Interestingly, parasitic nematodes affecting human or animal health possess two closely related members of this gene family, acr-26 and acr-27 that are essentially absent in free-living or plant parasitic species. Using the pathogenic parasitic nematode of ruminants, Haemonchus contortus, as a model, we found that Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 are co-expressed in body muscle cells. We demonstrated that co-expression of Hco-ACR-26 and Hco-ACR-27 in Xenopus laevis oocytes led to the functional expression of an acetylcholine-receptor highly sensitive to the anthelmintics morantel and pyrantel. Importantly we also reported that ACR-26 and ACR-27, from the distantly related parasitic nematode of horses, Parascaris equorum, also formed a functional acetylcholine-receptor highly sensitive to these two drugs. In Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living model nematode, we demonstrated that heterologous expression of the H. contortus and P. equorum receptors drastically increased its sensitivity to morantel and pyrantel, mirroring the pharmacological properties observed in Xenopus oocytes. Our results are the first to describe significant molecular determinants of a novel class of nematode body wall muscle AChR., Author Summary The control of parasitic nematode infections in humans, livestock and companion animals is critically dependent on anthelmintic treatment. However, the indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs has inevitably led to the selection of resistant parasites. In this respect there is currently an urgent need to increase our knowledge of the mode of action of available anthelmintics as well as to identify novel targets for the development of next generation anthelmintic compounds. In the present study we report the functional and pharmacological characterization of a novel subtype of nematode acetylcholine-gated ion channel in two distantly related parasitic nematode species: Haemonchus contortus and Parascaris equorum. Using the Xenopus laevis oocyte as an expression system, we showed that these receptors are composed of subunits encoded by two closely related genes, acr-26 and acr-27 that are widely distributed in parasitic nematodes infecting humans and animals. We further demonstrate that these receptors represent a molecular target for the anthelmintics morantel and pyrantel. The H. contortus and P. equorum receptors expressed as transgenes in the nematode model Caenorhabditis elegans both confer morantel and pyrantel sensitivity in-vivo. For parasitic nematodes of veterinary and medical importance, this novel class of cholinergic receptor is of prime interest for target-based drug screening and the development of relevant anthelmintic combinations.
- Published
- 2015
46. Functional reconstitution of Haemonchus contortus acetylcholine receptors in Xenopus oocytes provides mechanistic insights into levamisole resistance
- Author
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Fauvin, Aymeric, Charvet, Claude, Cortet, Jacques, Cabaret, Jacques, Bessereau, J.L., Boulin, and Neveu, Cédric
- Subjects
animal structures ,parasitic diseases ,recombinant receptor ,expression ,acetylcholine receptor ,levamisole ,anthelminthic drug ,drug resistance ,haemonchus contortus ,resistance aux anthelminthiques ,pharmacology and pharmacy ,nématode - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The cholinergic agonist levamisole is widely used to treat parasitic nematode infestations. This anthelmintic drug paralyses worms by activating a class of levamisole-sensitive acetylcholine receptors (L-AChRs) expressed in nematode muscle cells. However, levamisole efficacy has been compromised by the emergence of drug-resistant parasites, especially in gastrointestinal nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus. We report here the first functional reconstitution and pharmacological characterization of H. contortus L-AChRs in a heterologous expression system. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: In the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, five AChR subunit and three ancillary protein genes are necessary in vivo and in vitro to synthesize L-AChRs. We have cloned the H. contortus orthologues of these genes and expressed them in Xenopus oocytes. We reconstituted two types of H. contortus L-AChRs with distinct pharmacologies by combining different receptor subunits. KEY RESULTS: The Hco-ACR-8 subunit plays a pivotal role in selective sensitivity to levamisole. As observed with C. elegans L-AChRs, expression of H. contortus receptors requires the ancillary proteins Hco-RIC-3, Hco-UNC-50 and Hco-UNC-74. Using this experimental system, we demonstrated that a truncated Hco-UNC-63 L-AChR subunit, which was specifically detected in a levamisole-resistant H. contortus isolate, but not in levamisole-sensitive strains, hampers the normal function of L-AChRs, when co-expressed with its full-length counterpart. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We provide the first functional evidence for a putative molecular mechanism involved in levamisole resistance in any parasitic nematode. This expression system will provide a means to analyse molecular polymorphisms associated with drug resistance at the electrophysiological level.
- Published
- 2011
47. Molecular and Functional Characterization of GABA Receptor Subunits GRD and LCCH3 from Human Louse Pediculus Humanus Humanus .
- Author
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Hashim O, Charvet CL, Toubaté B, Ahmed AAE, Lamassiaude N, Neveu C, Dimier-Poisson I, Debierre-Grockiego F, and Dupuy C
- Subjects
- Animals, Drosophila metabolism, Humans, Receptors, GABA, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Insecticides pharmacology, Lice Infestations, Pediculus genetics, Pediculus metabolism, Phthiraptera metabolism
- Abstract
Human louse Pediculus humanus is a cosmopolitan obligatory blood-feeding ectoparasite causing pediculosis and transmitting many bacterial pathogens. Control of infestation is difficult due to the developed resistance to insecticides that mainly target GABA ( γ -aminobutyric acid) receptors. Previous work showed that Pediculus humanus humanus (Phh) GABA receptor subunit resistance to dieldrin (RDL) is the target of lotilaner, a synthetic molecule of the isoxazoline chemical class. To enhance our understanding of how insecticides act on GABA receptors, two other GABA receptor subunits were cloned and characterized: three variants of Phh-grd (glycine-like receptor of Drosophila ) and one variant of Phh-lcch3 (ligand-gated chloride channel homolog 3). Relative mRNA expression levels of Phh-rdl , Phh-grd , and Phh-lcch3 revealed that they were expressed throughout the developmental stages (eggs, larvae, adults) and in the different parts of adult lice (head, thorax, and abdomen). When expressed individually in the Xenopus oocyte heterologous expression system, Phh-GRD1, Phh-GRD2, Phh-GRD3, and Phh-LCCH3 were unable to reconstitute functional channels, whereas the subunit combinations Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3, Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL, and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL responded to GABA in a concentration-dependent manner. The three heteromeric receptors were similarly sensitive to the antagonistic effect of picrotoxin and fipronil, whereas Phh-GRD1/Phh-RDL and Phh-LCCH3/Phh-RDL were respectively about 2.5-fold and 5-fold more sensitive to ivermectin than Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3. Moreover, the heteropentameric receptor constituted by Phh-GRD1/Phh-LCCH3 was found to be permeable and highly sensitive to the extracellular sodium concentration. These findings provided valuable additions to our knowledge of the complex nature of GABA receptors in human louse that could help in understanding the resistance pattern to commonly used pediculicides. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Human louse is an ectoparasite that causes pediculosis and transmits several bacterial pathogens. Emerging strains developed resistance to the commonly used insecticides, especially those targeting GABA receptors. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance, two subunits of GABA receptors were cloned and described: Phh-grd and Phh-lcch3 . The heteromeric receptor reconstituted with the two subunits was functional in Xenopus oocytes and sensitive to commercially available insecticides. Moreover, both subunits were transcribed throughout the parasite lifecycle., (Copyright © 2022 by The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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