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6. Compactness statistics for spanning tree recombination

Author

Clelland, Jeanne N., Bossenbroek, Nicholas, Heckmaster, Thomas, Nelson, Adam, Rock, Peter, and VanAusdall, Jade

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Computer Science - Computers and Society, 60J10, 05C70, 91F10
Abstract

Ensemble analysis has become an important tool for quantifying gerrymandering; the main idea is to generate a large, random sample of districting plans (an "ensemble") to which any proposed plan may be compared. If a proposed plan is an extreme outlier compared to the ensemble with regard to various redistricting criteria, this may indicate that the plan was deliberately engineered to produce a specific outcome. Many methods have been used to construct ensembles, and a fundamental question that arises is: Given a method for constructing plans, can we identify a probability distribution on the space of plans that describes the probability of constructing any particular plan by that method? Recently, MCMC methods have become a predominant tool for constructing ensembles. Here we focus on the MCMC method known as "ReCom," which was introduced in 2018 by the MGGG Redistricting Lab. ReCom tends to produce plans with more compact districts than some other methods, and we sought to better understand this phenomenon. We adopted a discrete analog of district perimeter called "cut edges" as a quantitative measure for district compactness; this measure was proposed by Duchin and Tenner, and it avoids some of the difficulties associated with compactness measures based on geographic perimeter, such as the Polsby-Popper score. To model the basic ReCom step, we constructed ensembles of 2-district plans for two grid graphs and for the precinct graph of Boulder County, CO. We found that the probability of sampling any particular plan -- which is roughly proportional to the product of the numbers of spanning trees for each of the two districts -- is also approximately proportional to an exponentially decaying function of the number of cut edges in the plan. This is an important step towards understanding compactness properties for districting plans produced by the ReCom method., Comment: 20 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables

Published
2021

7. Cardiovascular Safety of Degarelix Versus Leuprolide in Patients With Prostate Cancer: The Primary Results of the PRONOUNCE Randomized Trial

Author

Lopes, Renato D, Higano, Celestia S, Slovin, Susan F, Nelson, Adam J, Bigelow, Robert, Sørensen, Per S, Melloni, Chiara, Goodman, Shaun G, Evans, Christopher P, Nilsson, Jan, Bhatt, Deepak L, Clarke, Noel W, Olesen, Tine K, Doyle-Olsen, Belinda T, Kristensen, Henriette, Arney, Lauren, Roe, Matthew T, Alexander, John H, Mol-Arts, Mirjam, Mansor-Lefebvre, Samreen, Zubovskiy, Konstantin, Blemings, Allan, Dugi, Klaus, Bloomfield, Gerald, Kontos, Chris, DeVore, Adam, Jordan, Dedrick, Kolls, Bradley, Matthews, Robin, Mehta, Rajendra, Povsic, Thomas J, Morse, Michael, Mahaffey, Kenneth W, Halabi, Susan, Leong, Darryl, Klotz, Laurence, Fleshner, Neil, Jansz, Godfrey, Giddens, Jonathan, Egerdie, Russell, Chin, Joseph, Zadra, Joseph, Casey, Richard, Simard, Jean, Niazi, Tamim, Martin, André-Guy, Babjuk, Marek, Hajek, Jaroslav, Klecka, Jiri, Kubes, Jiri, Schraml, Jan, Jakesova, Jitka, Vanasek, Jaroslav, Melichar, Bohuslav, Seikkula, Heikki, Abdiche, Manouar Samir, Colombel, Marc, Debourdeau, Philippe, Robert, Gregoire, Villers, Arnauld, Ploussard, Guillaume, Pradere, Benjamin, Bruyere, Franck, Descotes, Jean-Luc, Ouzaid, Idir, Winter, Alexander, Hanitzsch, Herbert, Sperling, Herbert, Eckert, Ralf, Hammerer, Peter, Stagge, Elke, Seseke, Florian, Szymula, Silvio, Bamias, Aristotelis, Thanos, Anastasios, Hatzimouratidis, Konstantinos, Mamoulakis, Charalambos, Kalofonos, Haralabos, Oszukowska, Elzbieta, Madziarska, Katarzyna, Fijuth, Jacek, Obarzanowski, Mateusz, Alekseev, Boris, Atduev, Vagif, Pushkar, Dmitri, Veliev, Evgeniy, Zyryanov, Alexander, Petrov, Sergey, Kopyltsov, Evgeny, Kozlov, Vadim, Macko, Ladislav, Dubravicky, Jozef, Polak, Richard, Mir, Obaidullah, Vargovcak, Marek, Mincik, Ivan, Kliment, Jan, Goncalves, Frederico, Mikulas, Juraj, and Sokol, Roman

Subjects
Cancer, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Patient Safety, Aging, Prostate Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Cardiovascular, Clinical Research, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Humans, Leuprolide, Male, Oligopeptides, Prospective Studies, Prostatic Neoplasms, agonists, atherosclerosis, cardiotoxicity, drug therapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, prostatic neoplasms, PRONOUNCE Study Investigators, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

BackgroundThe relative cardiovascular safety of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists compared with GnRH agonists in men with prostate cancer and known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains controversial.MethodsIn this international, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label trial, men with prostate cancer and concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive the GnRH antagonist degarelix or the GnRH agonist leuprolide for 12 months. The primary outcome was the time to first adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular event (composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) through 12 months.ResultsBecause of slower-than-projected enrollment and fewer-than-projected primary outcome events, enrollment was stopped before the 900 planned participants were accrued. From May 3, 2016, to April 16, 2020, a total of 545 patients from 113 sites across 12 countries were randomly selected. Baseline characteristics were balanced between study groups. The median age was 73 years, 49.8% had localized prostate cancer; 26.3% had locally advanced disease, and 20.4% had metastatic disease. A major adverse cardiovascular event occurred in 15 (5.5%) patients assigned to degarelix and 11 (4.1%) patients assigned to leuprolide (hazard ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 0.59-2.79]; P=0.53).ConclusionsPRONOUNCE (A Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Degarelix Versus Leuprolide in Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease) is the first, international, randomized clinical trial to prospectively compare the cardiovascular safety of a GnRH antagonist and a GnRH agonist in patients with prostate cancer. The study was terminated prematurely because of the smaller than planned number of participants and events, and no difference in major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year between patients assigned to degarelix or leuprolide was observed. The relative cardiovascular safety of GnRH antagonists and agonists remains unresolved. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02663908.

Published
2021

10. Clinical Pathway for Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Without Conventional Modifiable Risk Factors: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Author

Ademi, Zanfina, Avis, Suzanne Robyn, Chan, Adam, Contreras, Osvaldo, Coorey, Craig P., Fathieh, Sina, Genetzakis, Elijah, Gholipour, Alireza, Giles, Corey, Hollings, Matthew, Hyun, Karice, Kazi, Samia, Kovacic, Jason C., Larance, Mark, Marathe, Jessica A., Marquina, Clara, Nelson, Adam, Ng, Hooi Hooi, Patrick, Ellis, Peter, Karlheinz, Tran, Andy, Yang, Jean, Zhu, Dantong, Zwack, Clara, Figtree, Gemma A., Vernon, Stephen T., Harmer, Jason A., Gray, Michael P., Arnott, Clare, Bachour, Eric, Barsha, Giannie, Brieger, David, Brown, Alex, Celermajer, David S., Channon, Keith M., Chew, Nicholas W.S., Chong, James J.H., Chow, Clara K., Cistulli, Peter A., Ellinor, Patrick T., Grieve, Stuart M., Guzik, Tomasz J., Hagström, Emil, Jenkins, Alicia, Jennings, Garry, Keech, Anthony C., Kott, Katharine A., Kritharides, Leonard, Mamas, Mamas A., Mehran, Roxana, Meikle, Peter J., Natarajan, Pradeep, Negishi, Kazuaki, O’Sullivan, John, Patel, Sanjay, Psaltis, Peter J., Redfern, Julie, Steg, Philippe G., Sullivan, David R., Sundström, Johan, Vogel, Birgit, Wilson, Andrew, Wong, Dennis, Bhatt, Deepak L., and Nicholls, Stephen J.

Published
2023
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11. A pragmatic multi-institutional approach to understanding transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy after stem cell transplant

Author

Dandoy, Christopher E, Rotz, Seth, Alonso, Priscila Badia, Klunk, Anna, Desmond, Catherine, Huber, John, Ingraham, Hannah, Higham, Christine, Dvorak, Christopher C, Duncan, Christine, Schoettler, Michelle, Lehmann, Leslie, Cancio, Maria, Killinger, James, Davila, Blachy, Phelan, Rachel, Mahadeo, Kris M, Khazal, Sajad, Lalefar, Nahal, Vissa, Madhav, Myers, Kasiani, Wallace, Greg, Nelson, Adam, Khandelwal, Pooja, Bhatla, Deepika, Gloude, Nicholas, Anderson, Eric, Huo, Jeffrey, Roehrs, Philip, Auletta, Jeffery J, Chima, Ranjit, Lane, Adam, Davies, Stella M, and Jodele, Sonata

Subjects
Prevention, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Regenerative Medicine, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Transplantation, Cancer, Child, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Humans, Incidence, Male, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Thrombotic Microangiopathies
Abstract

Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a severe complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). A single-center prospective screening study has shown that the incidence of TA-TMA is much higher than prior retrospective studies that did not systematically screen. These data have not been replicated in a multicenter study. Our objective was to determine the incidence and risk factors for TA-TMA and compare outcomes of pediatric HSCT patients with and without TA-TMA. Patients were prospectively screened for TA-TMA at participating centers using a simple to implement and inexpensive strategy from the start of the preparative regimen through day +100. TA-TMA was diagnosed if ≥4 of 7 laboratory/clinical markers diagnostic for TA-TMA were present concurrently or if tissue histology showed TA-TMA. A total of 614 patients (359 males; 58%) received prospective TA-TMA screening at 13 pediatric centers. TA-TMA was diagnosed in 98 patients (16%) at a median of 22 days (interquartile range, 14-44) posttransplant. Patients with TA-TMA had significantly increased bloodstream infections (38% [37/98] vs 21% [107/51], P ≤ .001), mean total hospitalization days (68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 63-74 vs 43; 95% CI, 41-45; P ≤ .001), and number of days spent in the intensive care unit (10.1; 95% CI, 6.4-14; vs 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2; P ≤ .001) in the first 100 days after HSCT compared with patients without TA-TMA. Overall survival was significantly higher in patients without TA-TMA (93%; 490/516) compared with patients with TA-TMA (78%; 76/98) (P ≤ .001). These data support the need for systematic screening for TA-TMA and demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of an easy to implement strategy to do so.

Published
2021

14. Lineage switching of the cellular distribution of BRAFV600E in multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Author

Milne, Paul, Bomken, Simon, Slater, Olga, Kumar, Ashish, Nelson, Adam, Roy, Somak, Velazquez, Jessica, Mankad, Kshitij, Nicholson, James, Yeomanson, Dan, Grundy, Richard, Kamal, Ahmed, Penn, Anthony, Pears, Jane, Millen, Gerard, Morland, Bruce, Hayden, James, Lam, Jason, Madkhali, Maymoon, MacDonald, Jamie, Singh, Preeti, Pagan, Sarah, Rodriguez-Galindo, Carlos, Minkov, Milen, Donadieu, Jean, Picarsic, Jennifer, Allen, Carl, Bigley, Venetia, and Collin, Matthew

Published
2023
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15. RIPK3 controls MAIT cell accumulation during development but not during infection

Author

Patton, Timothy, Zhao, Zhe, Lim, Xin Yi, Eddy, Eleanor, Wang, Huimeng, Nelson, Adam G., Ennis, Bronte, Eckle, Sidonia B. G., Souter, Michael N. T., Pediongco, Troi J., Koay, Hui-Fern, Zhang, Jian-Guo, Djajawi, Tirta M., Louis, Cynthia, Lalaoui, Najoua, Jacquelot, Nicolas, Lew, Andrew M., Pellicci, Daniel G., McCluskey, James, Zhan, Yifan, Chen, Zhenjun, Lawlor, Kate E., and Corbett, Alexandra J.

Published
2023
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19. Scheduled administration of virus-specific T cells for viral prophylaxis after pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant

Author

Rubinstein, Jeremy D., Lutzko, Carolyn, Leemhuis, Thomas, Zhu, Xiang, Pham, Giang, Ray, Lorraine, Thomas, Shawn, Dourson, Celeste, Wilhelm, Jamie, Lane, Adam, Cancelas, Jose A., Lipps, Dakota, Ferrell, Justin, Hanley, Patrick J., Keller, Michael D., Bollard, Catherine M., Wang, YunZu M., Davies, Stella M., Nelson, Adam S., and Grimley, Michael S.

Published
2022
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20. Estrogen receptor beta repurposes EZH2 to suppress oncogenic NFκB/p65 signaling in triple negative breast cancer

Author

Aspros, Kirsten G. M., Carter, Jodi M., Hoskin, Tanya L., Suman, Vera J., Subramaniam, Malayannan, Emch, Michael J., Ye, Zhenqing, Sun, Zhifu, Sinnwell, Jason P., Thompson, Kevin J., Tang, Xiaojia, Rodman, Esther P. B., Wang, Xiyin, Nelson, Adam W., Chernukhin, Igor, Hamdan, Feda H., Bruinsma, Elizabeth S., Carroll, Jason S., Fernandez-Zapico, Martin E., Johnsen, Steven A., Kalari, Krishna R., Huang, Haojie, Leon-Ferre, Roberto A., Couch, Fergus J., Ingle, James N., Goetz, Matthew P., and Hawse, John R.

Published
2022
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22. Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Mitigates Risk for Primary Ovarian Insufficiency but Does Not Decrease Risk for Infertility in Pediatric and Young Adult Survivors of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Author

Bender, Jonathan D., Toro, Helen Oquendo-del, Benoit, Janie, Howell, Jonathan C., Badia, Priscila, Davies, Stella M., Grimley, Michael S., Jodele, Sonata, Phillips, Christine, Burns, Karen, Marsh, Rebecca, Nelson, Adam, Wallace, Gregory, Dandoy, Christopher E., Pate, Abigail, Strine, Andrew C., Frias, Olivia, Breech, Lesley, Rose, Susan R., Hoefgen, Holly, Khandelwal, Pooja, and Myers, Kasiani C.

Published
2022
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24. Reply

Author

Nelson, Adam J., primary, Azzopardi, Robert, additional, Lam, Carolyn S.P., additional, and Nicholls, Stephen J., additional

Published
2024
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25. Virus-specific T cells for adenovirus infection after stem cell transplantation are highly effective and class II HLA restricted

Author

Rubinstein, Jeremy D., Zhu, Xiang, Leemhuis, Thomas, Pham, Giang, Ray, Lorraine, Emberesh, Sana, Jodele, Sonata, Thomas, Shawn, Cancelas, Jose A., Bollard, Catherine M., Hanley, Patrick J., Keller, Michael D., Grimley, Olivia, Clark, Diana, Clark, Teri, Lindestam Arlehamn, Cecilia S., Sette, Alessandro, Davies, Stella M., Nelson, Adam S., Grimley, Michael S., and Lutzko, Carolyn

Published
2021
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27. Estrogen receptor beta modulates prostate carcinogenesis

Author

Nelson, Adam William and Carroll, Jason

Subjects
616.99, prostate, cancer, urology, oncology, genomics, estrogen, androgen, nuclear receptor, crosstalk
Abstract

Prostate cancer (PC) is characterised by dependence upon androgen receptor (AR) as its driving oncogene. When organ-confined, radical treatment can be curative, however there is no cure for advanced, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). There is therefore a need to better understand the biology of PC, and how influencing AR can modify disease progression. Estrogen is essential for prostate carcinogenesis with evidence from epidemiological, in vitro, human tissue and animal studies. Most suggests that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is tumour-suppressive, but trials of ERβ-selective agents have not improved clinical outcomes. ERβ has also been implicated as an oncogene, therefore its role remains unclear. Additional evidence suggests interplay between ERβ and AR, the mechanisms of which are uncertain. The study hypothesis ‘ERβ is an important modulator of prostate carcinogenesis’ was developed to establish whether targeting ERβ could affect PC progression. Much of the confusion around ERβ stems from use of inadequately validated antibodies and cell line models. The first phase of this work was to test ERβ antibodies using an ERβ-inducible cell system. Eight ERβ antibodies were assessed by multiple techniques, showing that commonly used antibodies are either non-specific or only specific in one modality. Two reliable antibodies were identified. Next, cell lines previously used to study ERβ were assessed using validated antibodies and independent approaches. No ERβ expression was detected; an important finding that casts doubt on previously published ERβ biology. Subsequently, a PC cell line with inducible ERβ expression (LNCaP-ERβ) was developed and validated to enable controlled experiments on the effects of ERβ on proliferation, gene expression and ERβ/AR genomic cross-talk. Phase three of this work focused on ERβ biology in PC and its relationship to AR. Interrogation of clinical datasets showed that greater ERβ expression associated with favourable prognosis. Gene expression data from men treated with androgen deprivation therapy revealed that AR represses ERβ. This was confirmed in vitro. The LNCaP-ERβ cell line was treated with androgen and/or ERβ-selective estrogen. Activated ERβ in the presence of androgen-stimulated AR inhibited cell proliferation and down-regulated androgen-dependent genes. Genome-wide mapping of ERβ binding sites reveals that ERβ antagonises AR through competition for shared DNA binding sites. In conclusion, ERβ expression is down-regulated by AR during malignant transformation of prostate epithelium. We reveal an antagonistic relationship between ERβ and AR whereby sustaining or replacing ERβ may inhibit tumour growth through down-regulation of AR-target genes. In future, an ERβ-selective compound may be used to slow or abrogate PC progression.

Published
2017
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31. Improving Oral Health and Modulating the Oral Microbiome to Reduce Bloodstream Infections from Oral Organisms in Pediatric and Young Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Badia, Priscila, Andersen, Heidi, Haslam, David, Nelson, Adam S., Pate, Abigail R., Golkari, Sara, Teusink-Cross, Ashley, Flesch, Laura, Bedel, Ashely, Hickey, Victoria, Kramer, Kathi, Lane, Adam, Davies, Stella M., Thikkurissy, Sarat, and Dandoy, Christopher E.

Published
2020
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35. Francisella tularensis induces Th1 like MAIT cells conferring protection against systemic and local infection

Author

Zhao, Zhe, Wang, Huimeng, Shi, Mai, Zhu, Tianyuan, Pediongco, Troi, Lim, Xin Yi, Meehan, Bronwyn S., Nelson, Adam G., Fairlie, David P., Mak, Jeffrey Y. W., Eckle, Sidonia B. G., de Lima Moreira, Marcela, Tumpach, Carolin, Bramhall, Michael, Williams, Cameron G., Lee, Hyun Jae, Haque, Ashraful, Evrard, Maximilien, Rossjohn, Jamie, McCluskey, James, Corbett, Alexandra J., and Chen, Zhenjun

Published
2021
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42. Managing hypercholesterolaemia.

Author

Nelson, Adam J. and Nicholls, Stephen J.

Subjects
*LDL cholesterol, *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors
Abstract

Hypercholesterolaemia is one of the most common conditions treated by clinicians in Australia. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a causal role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Every 1 mmol/L reduction in LDL-C concentration is associated with a 21 to 25% reduction in the relative risk of prospective atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, and emerging evidence suggests this benefit increases over time. Absolute cardiovascular risk assessment identifies patients likely to derive the most benefit from lowering LDL-C concentration, and helps determine the intensity of their treatment regimens and targets. Optimal management of LDL-C may require combination treatment with multiple classes of drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Clinical Pathway for Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Without Conventional Modifiable Risk Factors

Author

Figtree, Gemma A., primary, Vernon, Stephen T., additional, Harmer, Jason A., additional, Gray, Michael P., additional, Arnott, Clare, additional, Bachour, Eric, additional, Barsha, Giannie, additional, Brieger, David, additional, Brown, Alex, additional, Celermajer, David S., additional, Channon, Keith M., additional, Chew, Nicholas W.S., additional, Chong, James J.H., additional, Chow, Clara K., additional, Cistulli, Peter A., additional, Ellinor, Patrick T., additional, Grieve, Stuart M., additional, Guzik, Tomasz J., additional, Hagström, Emil, additional, Jenkins, Alicia, additional, Jennings, Garry, additional, Keech, Anthony C., additional, Kott, Katharine A., additional, Kritharides, Leonard, additional, Mamas, Mamas A., additional, Mehran, Roxana, additional, Meikle, Peter J., additional, Natarajan, Pradeep, additional, Negishi, Kazuaki, additional, O’Sullivan, John, additional, Patel, Sanjay, additional, Psaltis, Peter J., additional, Redfern, Julie, additional, Steg, Philippe G., additional, Sullivan, David R., additional, Sundström, Johan, additional, Vogel, Birgit, additional, Wilson, Andrew, additional, Wong, Dennis, additional, Bhatt, Deepak L., additional, Kovacic, Jason C., additional, Nicholls, Stephen J., additional, Ademi, Zanfina, additional, Avis, Suzanne Robyn, additional, Chan, Adam, additional, Contreras, Osvaldo, additional, Coorey, Craig P., additional, Fathieh, Sina, additional, Genetzakis, Elijah, additional, Gholipour, Alireza, additional, Giles, Corey, additional, Hollings, Matthew, additional, Hyun, Karice, additional, Kazi, Samia, additional, Larance, Mark, additional, Marathe, Jessica A., additional, Marquina, Clara, additional, Nelson, Adam, additional, Ng, Hooi Hooi, additional, Patrick, Ellis, additional, Peter, Karlheinz, additional, Tran, Andy, additional, Yang, Jean, additional, Zhu, Dantong, additional, and Zwack, Clara, additional

Published
2023
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44. Synthetic 5-amino-6-D-ribitylaminouracil paired with inflammatory stimuli facilitates MAIT cell expansion in vivo

Author

Nelson, Adam G., primary, Wang, Huimeng, additional, Dewar, Phoebe M., additional, Eddy, Eleanor M., additional, Li, Songyi, additional, Lim, Xin Yi, additional, Patton, Timothy, additional, Zhou, Yuchen, additional, Pediongco, Troi J., additional, Meehan, Lucy J., additional, Meehan, Bronwyn S., additional, Mak, Jeffrey Y. W., additional, Fairlie, David P., additional, Stent, Andrew W., additional, Kjer-Nielsen, Lars, additional, McCluskey, James, additional, Eckle, Sidonia B. G., additional, Corbett, Alexandra J., additional, Souter, Michael N. T., additional, and Chen, Zhenjun, additional

Published
2023
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49. A Hybrid Investigation of Hypermedia Training.

Author

Harvey, Francis A. and Nelson, Adam

Abstract

This document describes research which investigated the effectiveness of the Cities in Schools (CIS) hypermedia training course for senior executives of that national dropout prevention program. The study employed a hybrid methodology of qualitative techniques and computer tracking tools, in order to provide a complete picture of how the hypermedia training course was delivered and received. Thirteen trainees and three professional trainers participated in a week-long training course. The goals of the study included how hypermedia is used in a "real-world" setting; hypermedia characteristics for further research; how frequently and to what extent trainers and trainees used hypermedia; methods of exploring hypermedia materials; and relationships of hypermedia use, non-hypermedia activities, and attainment of learning objectives of the course. Results of the qualitative component indicate that the following areas warrant examination in future studies: diversity of trainers and grouping issues; cooperative learning; presentation, formal evaluation of learning; applying learning to real-world situations; use of supplemental trainer-developed materials and print materials; variations in trainers' styles; time management; and course evaluation. The preliminary results of the computer tracking component of the study are presented, but it was not possible to continue the analysis of the relationship between uses of hypermedia and the attainment of specific learning objectives. Preliminary analysis of hypermedia paths used by trainers indicates that the trainees often traveled extremely complex paths while using the hypermedia training materials. Implementing computer tracking tools requires considerable programming expertise and effort, and are most efficiently implemented if they are incorporated into the design of the hypermedia application as it is developed. (Contains 8 references.) (AEF)

Published
1995

50. Qualitative Evaluation of an Integrated Hypermedia Training Environment.

Author

Nelson, Adam and Harvey, Francis

Abstract

A qualitative study of an intensive week-long adult-training course taught with integrated hypermedia was conducted to document course implementation and to formulate questions and hypotheses about aspects of learning with hypermedia to guide future researchers. The hypermedia training was that of the Cities in Schools (CIS) Program Operations training, a management-training course for directors of CIS dropout-prevention programs. A qualitative observational data method was used, with observations recorded throughout the week-long training. Questions that further study may address are: (1) diversity of learners; (2) pairing learners; (3) introduction of participants; (4) objectives and evaluation; (5) course evaluation forms; (6) action plans; (7) trainer-developed activities; (8) supplemental learning materials; (9) entertaining activities and videos; (10) use of print resources; (11) hypermedia and trainer predilection; (12) time management; and (13) process checks. One table gives a taxonomy of the observation types. (Contains 14 references.) (SLD)

Published
1994

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