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3. Peanut���induced anaphylaxis in children and adolescents: Data from the European Anaphylaxis Registry

Author

Maris, Ioana, D��lle���Bierke, Sabine, Renaudin, Jean���Marie, Lange, Lars, Koehli, Alice, Spindler, Thomas, Hourihane, Jonathan, Scherer, Kathrin, Nemat, Katja, Kemen, C., Neust��dter, Irena, Vogelberg, Christian, Reese, Thomas, Yildiz, Ismail, Szepfalusi, Zsolt, Ott, Hagen, Straube, Helen, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., H��mmerling, Susanne, Staden, Ute, Polz, Michael, Mustakov, Tihomir, Cichocka���Jarosz, Ewa, Cocco, Renata, Fiocchi, Alessandro Giovanni, Fernandez���Rivas, Montserrat, Worm, Margitta, Gr��nhagen, J, Wittenberg, M, Beyer, K, Henschel, A, K��per, S, M��ser, A, Fuchs, T, Ru��ff, F, Wedi, B, Hansen, G, Buck, T, B��sselberg, J, Dr��gerdt, R, Pfeffer, L, Dickel, H, K��rner���Rettberg, C, Merk, H, Lehmann, S, Bauer, A, Nordwig, A, Zeil, S, Hannapp, C, Wagner, N, Rietschel, E, Hunzelmann, N, Huseynow, I, Treudler, R, Aurich, S, Prenzel, F, Klimek, L, Pfaar, O, Reider, N, Aberer, W, Varga, E, Bogatu, B, Schmid���Grendelmeier, P, Guggenheim, R, Riffelmann, F, Kreft, B, Kinaciyan, K, Hartl, L, Ebner, C, Horak, F, Brehler, R, Witte, J, Buss, M, Hompes, S, Bieber, T, Gernert, S, B��cheler, M, Rabe, U, Brosi, W, Nestoris, S, Hawranek, T, Lang, R, Bruns, R, Pf��hler, C, Eng, P, Schweitzer���Krantz, S, Meller, S, Rebmann, H, Fischer, J, Stichtenoth, G, Thies, S, Gerstlauer, M, Utz, P, Neust��dter, I, Klinge, J, Volkmuth, S, Plank���Habibi, S, Schilling, B, Kleinheinz, A, Br��ckner, A, Sch��kel, K, Manolaraki, I, Kowalski, M, Solarewicz���Madajek, K, Tscheiller, S, Seidenberg, J, Cardona, V, Garcia, B, Bilo, M, Caba��es Higuero, N, Vega Castro, A, Poziomkowska���G��sicka, I, B��sing, S, Virchow, C, Christoff, G, Jappe, U, M��ller, S, Kn��pfel, F, Correard, A���K, Rogala, B, Montoro, A, Brandes, A, Muraro, A, Zimmermann, N, Hernandez, D, Minale, P, Niederwimmer, J, Zahel, B, Dahdah, L, Arasi, S, Reissig, A, Eitelberger, F, Asero, R, Hermann, F, Zeidler, S, Pistauer, S, Gei��ler, M, Ensina, L, Plaza Martin, A, Meister, J, Stieglitz, S, Hamelmann, E, and Network For Online Registration Of Anaphylaxis (NORA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Allergy, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Arachis, Epinephrine, Immunology, Peanut allergy, Peanut-induced anaphylaxis, paediatrics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Food allergy, Internal medicine, medicine, anaphylaxis, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Peanut Hypersensitivity, In patient, Registries, Child, Asthma, food allergy, business.industry, food and beverages, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, 030104 developmental biology, 030228 respiratory system, business, Anaphylaxis, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Abstract

Background Peanut allergy has a rising prevalence in high-income countries, affecting 0.5%-1.4% of children. This study aimed to better understand peanut anaphylaxis in comparison to anaphylaxis to other food triggers in European children and adolescents. Methods Data was sourced from the European Anaphylaxis Registry via an online questionnaire, after in-depth review of food-induced anaphylaxis cases in a tertiary paediatric allergy centre. Results 3514 cases of food anaphylaxis were reported between July 2007 - March 2018, 56% in patients younger than 18 years. Peanut anaphylaxis was recorded in 459 children and adolescents (85% of all peanut anaphylaxis cases). Previous reactions (42% vs. 38%; p = .001), asthma comorbidity (47% vs. 35%; p < .001), relevant cofactors (29% vs. 22%; p = .004) and biphasic reactions (10% vs. 4%; p = .001) were more commonly reported in peanut anaphylaxis. Most cases were labelled as severe anaphylaxis (Ring&Messmer grade III 65% vs. 56% and grade IV 1.1% vs. 0.9%; p = .001). Self-administration of intramuscular adrenaline was low (17% vs. 15%), professional adrenaline administration was higher in non-peanut food anaphylaxis (34% vs. 26%; p = .003). Hospitalization was higher for peanut anaphylaxis (67% vs. 54%; p = .004). Conclusions The European Anaphylaxis Registry data confirmed peanut as one of the major causes of severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reactions in European children, with some characteristic features e.g., presence of asthma comorbidity and increased rate of biphasic reactions. Usage of intramuscular adrenaline as first-line treatment is low and needs to be improved. The Registry, designed as the largest database on anaphylaxis, allows continuous assessment of this condition.

Published
2021
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4. Secondary prevention measures in anaphylaxis patients: Data from the anaphylaxis registry

Author

Kraft, Magdalena, Knop, Macarena Pia, Renaudin, Jean-Marie, Scherer Hofmeier, Kathrin, Pföhler, Claudia, Bilò, Maria Beatrice, Lang, Roland, Treudler, Regina, Wagner, Nicola, Spindler, Thomas, Hourihane, Jonathan O'B, Maris, Ioana, Koehli, Alice, Bauer, Andrea, Lange, Lars, Müller, Sabine, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Wedi, Bettina, Moeser, Anne, Ensina, Luis F, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Christoff, George, Garcia, Blanca E, Poziomkowska-Gęsicka, Iwona, Cardona, Victoria, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Rabe, Uta, Mahler, Vera, Grabenhenrich, Linus, et al, and University of Zurich

Subjects
2403 Immunology, 10036 Medical Clinic, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health
Published
2020

5. Predicting food allergy: The value of patient history reinforced

Author

Lyons, Sarah A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7128-2699, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-2774, Kummeling, Ischa, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Versteeg, Serge A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-1923, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Le, Thuy-My, Lyons, Sarah A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7128-2699, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-2774, Kummeling, Ischa, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Versteeg, Serge A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-1923, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, Clare, van Ree, Ronald, and Le, Thuy-My

Abstract

BACKGROUND: EAACI guidelines emphasize the importance of patient history in diagnosing food allergy (FA) and the need for studies investigating its value using standardized allergy-focused questionnaires. OBJECTIVE: To determine the contribution of reaction characteristics, allergic comorbidities and demographics to prediction of FA in individuals experiencing food-related adverse reactions. METHODS: Adult and school-age participants in the standardized EuroPrevall population surveys, with self-reported FA, were included. Penalized multivariable regression was used to assess the association of patient history determinants with "probable" FA, defined as a food-specific case history supported by relevant IgE sensitization. RESULTS: In adults (N = 844), reproducibility of reaction (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.29-1.41]), oral allergy symptoms (OAS) (4.46 [4.19-4.75]), allergic rhinitis (AR) comorbidity (2.82 [2.68-2.95]), asthma comorbidity (1.38 [1.30-1.46]) and male sex (1.50 [1.41-1.59]) were positively associated with probable FA. Gastrointestinal symptoms (0.88 [0.85-0.91]) made probable FA less likely. The AUC of a model combining all selected predictors was 0.85 after cross-validation. In children (N = 670), OAS (2.26 [2.09-2.44]) and AR comorbidity (1.47 [CI 1.39-1.55]) contributed most to prediction of probable FA, with a combined cross-validation-based AUC of 0.73. When focusing on plant foods, the dominant source of FA in adults, the pediatric model also included gastrointestinal symptoms (inverse association), and the AUC increased to 0.81. CONCLUSIONS: In both adults and school-age children from the general population, reporting of OAS and of AR comorbidity appear to be the strongest predictors of probable FA. Patient history particularly allows for good discrimination between presence and absence of probable plant FA.

Published
2021

6. Predicting food allergy: the value of patient history reinforced

Author

MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Versteeg, Serge A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Le, Thuy-My, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Versteeg, Serge A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, and Le, Thuy-My

Published
2021

7. Secondary prevention measures in anaphylaxis patients: Data from the anaphylaxis registry

Author

Kraft, Magdalena, Knop, Macarena Pia, Renaudin, Jean-Marie, Scherer Hofmeier, Kathrin, Pföhler, Claudia, Bilò, Maria Beatrice, Lang, Roland, Treudler, Regina, Wagner, Nicola, Spindler, Thomas, O'B Hourihane, Jonathan, Maris, Ioana, Koehli, Alice, Bauer, Andrea, Lange, Lars, Müller, Sabine, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Wedi, Bettina, Moeser, Anne, Ensina, Luis F., Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Christoff, George, Garcia, Blanca E., Poziomkowska-Gęsicka, Iwona, Cardona, Victoria, Mustakov, Tihomir B., Rabe, Uta, Mahler, Vera, Grabenhenrich, Linus, Dölle-Bierke, Sabine, Worm, Margitta, and The Network for Online Registration of Anaphylaxis (NORA)

Subjects
epinephrine autoinjector, adrenaline autoinjector, anaphylaxis, ddc:610, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, secondary prevention, anaphylactic reaction
Abstract

Background Patients with a history of anaphylaxis are at risk of future anaphylactic reactions. Thus, secondary prevention measures are recommended for these patients to prevent or attenuate the next reaction. Methods Data from the Anaphylaxis Registry were analyzed to identify secondary prevention measures offered to patients who experienced anaphylaxis. Our analysis included 7788 cases from 10 European countries and Brazil. Results The secondary prevention measures offered varied across the elicitors. A remarkable discrepancy was observed between prevention measures offered in specialized allergy centers (84% of patients were prescribed adrenaline autoinjectors following EAACI guidelines) and outside the centers: Here, EAACI guideline adherence was only 37%. In the multivariate analysis, the elicitor of the reaction, age of the patient, mastocytosis as comorbidity, severity of the reaction, and reimbursement/availability of the autoinjector influence physician's decision to prescribe one. Conclusions Based on the low implementation of guidelines concerning secondary prevention measures outside of specialized allergy centers, our findings highlight the importance of these specialized centers and the requirement of better education for primary healthcare and emergency physicians.

Published
2019

8. Secondary prevention measures in anaphylaxis patients: Data from the anaphylaxis registry

Author

Kraft, Magdalena; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2770-9947, Knop, Macarena Pia, Renaudin, Jean-Marie, Scherer Hofmeier, Kathrin, Pföhler, Claudia, Bilò, Maria Beatrice, Lang, Roland, Treudler, Regina, Wagner, Nicola, Spindler, Thomas, Hourihane, Jonathan O'B, Maris, Ioana, Koehli, Alice, Bauer, Andrea, Lange, Lars; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-5848, Müller, Sabine, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Wedi, Bettina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-6308, Moeser, Anne, Ensina, Luis F, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Christoff, George, Garcia, Blanca E, Poziomkowska-Gęsicka, Iwona, Cardona, Victoria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-9767, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Rabe, Uta, Mahler, Vera, Grabenhenrich, Linus, et al, Kraft, Magdalena; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2770-9947, Knop, Macarena Pia, Renaudin, Jean-Marie, Scherer Hofmeier, Kathrin, Pföhler, Claudia, Bilò, Maria Beatrice, Lang, Roland, Treudler, Regina, Wagner, Nicola, Spindler, Thomas, Hourihane, Jonathan O'B, Maris, Ioana, Koehli, Alice, Bauer, Andrea, Lange, Lars; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-5848, Müller, Sabine, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Wedi, Bettina; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-6308, Moeser, Anne, Ensina, Luis F, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Cichocka-Jarosz, Ewa, Christoff, George, Garcia, Blanca E, Poziomkowska-Gęsicka, Iwona, Cardona, Victoria; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-9767, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Rabe, Uta, Mahler, Vera, Grabenhenrich, Linus, and et al

Abstract

BACKGROUND Patients with a history of anaphylaxis are at risk of future anaphylactic reactions. Thus, secondary prevention measures are recommended for these patients to prevent or attenuate the next reaction. METHODS Data from the Anaphylaxis Registry were analyzed to identify secondary prevention measures offered to patients who experienced anaphylaxis. Our analysis included 7788 cases from 10 European countries and Brazil. RESULTS The secondary prevention measures offered varied across the elicitors. A remarkable discrepancy was observed between prevention measures offered in specialized allergy centers (84% of patients were prescribed adrenaline autoinjectors following EAACI guidelines) and outside the centers: Here, EAACI guideline adherence was only 37%. In the multivariate analysis, the elicitor of the reaction, age of the patient, mastocytosis as comorbidity, severity of the reaction, and reimbursement/availability of the autoinjector influence physician's decision to prescribe one. CONCLUSIONS Based on the low implementation of guidelines concerning secondary prevention measures outside of specialized allergy centers, our findings highlight the importance of these specialized centers and the requirement of better education for primary healthcare and emergency physicians.

Published
2020

9. Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries?

Author

Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep M., Iaccarino, Guido, Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa, Haahtela, Tari, Anto, Aram, Akdis, Cezmi, Blain, Hubert, Canonica, G. Walter, Cardona, Victoria, Cruz, Alvaro A., Illario, Maddalena, Ivancevich, Juan Carlos, Jutel, Marek, Klimek, Ludger, Kuna, Piotr, Laune, Daniel, Larenas-linnemann, Désirée, Mullol, Joaquim, Papadopoulos, Nikos G., Pfaar, Oliver, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Valiulis, Arunas, Yorgancioglu, Arzu, Zuberbier, Torsten, Latiff, Amir, Abdullah, Baharudin, Aberer, Werner, Abusada, Nancy, Adcock, Ian, Afani, Alejandro, Agache, Ioana, Aggelidis, Xenofon, Agustin, Jenifer, Akdis, Mübeccel, Al-Ahmad, Mona, Bassam, Abou Al Zahab, Aldrey-Palacios, Oscar, Cuesta, Emilio Alvarez, Alzaabi, Ashraf, Amad, Salma, Ambrocio, Gene, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Ansotegui, Ignacio, Anto, Josep, Arshad, Hasan, Artesani, Maria Cristina, Asayag, Estrella, Avolio, Francesca, Azhari, Khuzama, Baiardini, Ilaria, Bajrović, Nissera, Bakakos, Petros, Mongono, Sergio Bakeyala, Balotro-Torres, Christine, Barba, Sergio, Barbara, Cristina, Barbosa, Elsa, Barreto, Bruno, Bartra, Joan, Bateman, Eric D., Battur, Lkhagvaa, Bedbrook, Anna, Barajas, Martín Bedolla, Beghé, Bianca, Bel, Elizabeth, Kheder, Ali Ben, Benson, Mikael, Berghea, Camelia, Bergmann, Karl Christian, Bernstein, David, Bewick, Mike, Bialek, Slawomir, Białoszewski, Artur, Bieber, Thomas, Billo, Nils, Bilo, Maria Beatrice, Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Bjermer, Leif, Marciniak, Malgorzata Bochenska, Bond, Christine, Boner, Attilio, Bonini, Matteo, Bonini, Sergio, Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia, Bosse, Isabelle, Botskariova, Sofia, Bouchard, Jacques, Boulet, Louis Philippe, Bourret, Rodolphe, Bousquet, Philippe, Braido, Fulvio, Briggs, Andrew, Brightling, Christopher, Brozek, Jan, Buhl, Roland, Bumbacea, Roxana, Cabañas, María Teresa Burguete, Bush, Andrew, Busse, William W., Buters, Jeroen, Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan, Calderon, Moïses A., Calvo, Mario, Camargos, Paulo, Camuzat, Thierry, Cano, Antonio, Capriles-Hulett, Arnaldo, Caraballo, Luis, Cardona, Vicky, Carlsen, Kai Hakon, Caro, Jorge, Carreon-Asun-cion, Fredelita, Carriazo, Ana Maria, Casale, Thomas, Castor, Mary Ann, Castro, Elizabeth, Cecchi, Lorenzo, Sarabia, Alfonso Cepeda, Chandrasekharan, Ramanathan, Chang, Yoon Suk, Chato-Andeza, Victoria, Chatzi, Lida, Chatzidaki, Christina, Chavannes, Niels H., Chen, Yuzhi, Cheng, Lei, Chivato, Tomas, Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine, Christoff, George, Chrystyn, Henry, Chu, Derek K., Chua, Antonio, Chuchalin, Alexander, Chung, Kian Fan, Cicerán, Alberto, Cingi, Cemal, Ciprandi, Giorgio, Cirule, Ieva, Coelho, Ana Carla, Constantinidis, Jannis, de Sousa, Jaime Correia, Costa, Elisio, Costa, David, Domínguez, María Del Carmen Costa, Coste, André, Cox, Linda, Cullen, John, Custovic, Adnan, Cvetkovski, Biljana, D’amato, Gennaro, Silva, Jane da, Dahl, Ronald, Dahlen, Sven Erik, Daniilidis, Vasilis, Nahhas, Louei Darjazini, Darsow, Ulf, Blay, Frédéric de, Guia, Eloisa De, Santos, Chato de los, Keenoy, Esteban De Manuel, Vries, Govert De, Deleanu, Diana, Demoly, Pascal, Denburg, Judah, Devillier, Philippe, Didier, Alain, Dimou, Maria, Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan, Djukanovic, Ratko, Dokic, Dejan, Domínguez Silva, Margarita Gabriela, Douagui, Habib, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Doulaptsi, Maria, Dray, Gérard, Dubakiene, Ruta, Durham, Stephen, Dykewicz, Mark, Ebo, Didier, Edelbaher, Natalija, Eklund, Patrik, El-Gamal, Yehia, El-Sayed, Zeinab A., El-Sayed, Shereen S., El-Seify, Magda, Emuzyte, Regina, Enecilla, Lourdes, Espinoza, Heidilita, Guillermo, Jesús, Contreras, Espinoza, Farrell, John, Fernandez, Lenora, Wagner, Antje Fink, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Fokkens, Wytske J., Fontaine, Jean François, Forastiere, Francesco, Pèrez, Jose Miguel Fuentes, Gaerlan–resureccion, Emily, Gaga, Mina, Romero, José Luis Gálvez, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Garcia, Alexis, Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne García, García Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia, Gayraud, Jacques, Gemicioglu, Bilun, Genova, Sonya, Gereda, José, Wijk, Roy Gerth van, Gomez, Maximiliano, Diaz, Sandra González, Gotua, Maia, Grigoreas, Christos, Grisle, Ineta, Guidacci, Marta, Guldemond, Nick, Gutter, Zdenek, Guzmán, Antonieta, Halloum, Ramsa, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hammadi, Suleiman, Harvey, Richard, Heinrich, Joachim, Hejjaoui, Adnan, Hellquist-Dahl, Birthe, Velázquez, Luiana Hernández, Hew, Mark, Hossny, Elham, Howarth, Peter, Hrubiško, Martin, Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío Huerta, Humbert, Marc, Hyland, Michael, Ibrahim, Moustafa, Ilyina, Natalia, Irani, Carla, Ispayeva, Zhanat, Jares, Edgardo, Jarvis, Deborah, Jassem, Ewa, Jenko, Klemen, Uscanga, Rubén Darío Jiméneracruz, Johnston, Sebastian, Joos, Guy, Jošt, Maja, Julge, Kaja, Jung, Ki Suck, Just, Jocelyne, Kaidashev, Igor, Kalayci, Omer, Kalyoncu, Fuat, Kapsali, Jeni, Kardas, Przemyslaw, Karjalainen, Jussi, Kasala, Carmela A., Katotomichelakis, Michael, Kazi, Bennoor, Keil, Thomas, Keith, Paul, Khaitov, Musa, Khaltaev, Nikolai, Kim, You Young, Kleine-Tebbe, Jorg, Koffi N’Goran, Bernard, Kompoti, Evangelia, Kopač, Peter, Koppelman, Gerard, Jeverica, Anja Koren, Košnik, Mitja, Kostov, Kosta V., Kowalski, Marek L., Kralimarkova, Tanya, Vrščaj, Karmen Kramer, Kraxner, Helga, Kreft, Samo, Kritikos, Vicky, Kudlay, Dmitry, Kull, Inger, Kupczyk, Maciej, Kvedariene, Violeta, Kyriakakou, Marialena, Lalek, Nika, Lane, Stephen, Larenas-Linnemann, Désiree, Lau, Susanne, Lavrut, Jorge, Le, Lan, Lessa, Marcus, Levin, Michael, Li, Jing, Lieberman, Philip, Liotta, Giuseppe, Lipworth, Brian, Liu, Xuandao, Lobo, Rommel, Lodrup Carlsen, Karin C., Lombardi, Carlo, Louis, Renaud, Loukidis, Stelios, Lourenço, Olga, Luna Pech, Jorge A., Madjar, Bojan, Magnan, Antoine, Mahboub, Bassam, Mair, Alpana, Mais, Yassin, van der Zee, Anke Hilse Maitland, Makela, Mika, Makris, Michael, Malling, Hans Jorgen, Mandajieva, Mariana, Manning, Patrick, Manousakis, Manolis, Maragoudakis, Pavlos, Marshall, Gailen, Martins, Pedro, Reza Masjedi, Mohammad, Máspero, Jorge F., Campos, Juan José Matta, Maurer, Marcus, Mavale-Manuel, Sandra, Meço, Cem, Melén, Erik, Melo-Gomes, Elisabete, Meltzer, Eli O., Menditto, Enrica, Menzies-Gow, Andrew, Merk, Hans, Michel, Jean Pierre, Miculinic, Neven, Midão, Luís, Mihaltan, Florin, Mikael, Kuitunen, Mikos, Nikolaos, Milenkovic, Branislava, Mitsias, Dimitrios, Moalla, Bassem, Moda, Giuliana, Martínez, María Dolores Mogica, Mohammad, Yousser, Moin, Mostafa, Molimard, Mathieu, Momas, Isabelle, Monaco, Alessandro, Montefort, Steve, Mora, Dory, Morais-Almeida, Mario, Mösges, Ralph, Mostafa, Badr Eldin, Münter, Lars, Muraro, Antonella, Murray, Ruth, Mustakov, Tihomir, Naclerio, Robert, Nadif, Rachel, Nakonechna, Alla, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, Navarro-Locsin, Gretchen, Neffen, Hugo, Nekam, Kristof, Neou, Angelos, Nicod, Laurent, Niederberger-Leppin, Verena, Niedoszytko, Marek, Nieto, Antonio, Novellino, Ettore, Nunes, Elizabete, Nyembue, Dieudonné, O’hehir, Robyn, Odjakova, Cvetanka, Ohta, Ken, Okamoto, Yoshitaka, Okubo, Kimi, Oliver, Brian, Onorato, Gabrielle L., Orru, Maria Pia, Ouédraogo, Solange, Ouoba, Kampadilemba, Paggiaro, Pier Luigi, Pagkalos, Aris, Palaniappan, S. P., Pali-Schöll, Isabella, Palkonen, Susanna, Palmer, Stephen, Bunu, Carmen Panaitescu, Panzner, Petr, Papanikolaou, Vasilis, Papi, Alberto, Paralchev, Bojidar, Paraskevopoulos, Giannis, Park, Hae Sim, Passalacqua, Giovanni, Patella, Vincenzo, Pavord, Ian, Pawankar, Ruby, Pedersen, Soren, Peleve, Susete, Pereira, Ana, Pérez, Tamara, Pham-Thi, Nhân, Pigearias, Bernard, Pin, Isabelle, Piskou, Konstantina, Pitsios, Constantinos, Pitsios, Kostas, Plavec, Davor, Poethig, Dagmar, Pohl, Wolfgang, Susic, Antonija Poplas, Popov, Todor A., Portejoie, Fabienne, Potter, Paul, Poulsen, Lars, Prados-Torres, Alexandra, Prarros, Fotis, Price, David, Prokopakis, Emmanuel, Puy, Robert, Rabe, Klaus, Raciborski, Filip, Ramos, Josephine, Recto, Marysia T., Reda, Shereen M., Regateiro, Frederico, Reider, Norbert, Reitsma, Sietze, Repka-Ramirez, Susana, Rimmer, Janet, Yeverino, Daniela Rivero, Rizzo, José Angelo, Robalo-Cordeiro, Carlos, Roberts, Graham, Roche, Nicolas, González, Mónica Rodríguez, Zagal, Eréndira Rodríguez, Rolland, Christine, Roller-Wirns-berger, Regina, Rodriguez, Miguel Roman, Romano, Antonino, Rombaux, Philippe, Romualdez, Joel, Rosado-Pinto, Jose, Rosario, Nelson, Rosenwasser, Lanny, Rottem, Menachem, Rouadi, Philip, Rovina, Nikoleta, Sinur, Irma Rozman, Ruiz, Mauricio, Segura, Lucy Tania Ruiz, Ryan, Dermot, Sagara, Hironori, Sakai, Daiki, Sakurai, Daiju, Saleh, Wafaa, Salimaki, Johanna, Salina, Husain, Samitas, Konstanti Nos, Coronel, María Guadalupe Sánchez, Sanchez-Borges, Mario, Sanchez-Lopez, Jaime, Sarafoleanu, Codrut, Serpa, Faradiba Sarquis, Sastre-Dominguez, Joaquin, Scadding, Glenis, Scheire, Sophie, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Schuhl, Juan Francisco, Schunemann, Holger, Schvalbová, Maria, Scichilone, Nicola, Sepúlveda, Cecilia, Serrano, Elie, Sheikh, Aziz, Shields, Mike, Shishkov, Vasil, Siafakas, Nikos, Simeonov, Alexander, Simons, Estelle F., Sisul, Juan Carlos, Sitkauskiene, Brigita, Skrindo, Ingelbjorg, Košak, Tanja Soklič, Solé, Dirceu, Sooronbaev, Talant, Soto-Martinez, Manuel, Sova, Milan, Spertini, François, Spranger, Otto, Stamataki, Sofia, Stefanaki, Lina, Stellato, Cristiana, Stelmach, Rafael, Sterk, Peter, Strandberg, Timo, Stute, Petra, Subramaniam, Abirami, Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte, Sutherland, Michael, Sylvestre, Silvia, Syrigou, Aikaterini, Barata, Luis Taborda, Takovska, Nadejda, Tan, Rachel, Tan, Frances, Tan, Vincent, Tang, Ing Ping, Taniguchi, Masami, Tannert, Line, Tattersall, Jessica, Teixeira, Maria Do Ceu, Thijs, Carel, Thomas, Mike, To, Teresa, Todo-Bom, Ana Maria, Togias, Alkis, Tomazic, Peter Valentin, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Toskala, Elina, Triggiani, Massimo, Triller, Nadja, Triller, Katja, Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Ulmeanu, Ruxandra, Urbancic, Jure, Pereira, Marilyn Urrutia, Vachova, Martina, Valdés, Felipe, Valenta, Rudolf, Rostan, Marylin Valentin, Valero, Antonio, Vallianatou, Mina, Valovirta, Erkka, Eerd, Michiel Van, Ganse, Eric Van, Hage, Marianne van, Vandenplas, Olivier, Vasankari, Tuula, Vassileva, Dafina, Ventura, Teresa, Vera-Munoz, Cécilia, Vicheva, Dilyana, Vichyanond, Pakit, Vidgren, Petra, Viegi, Giovanni, Vogelmeier, Claus, Hertzen, Leena Von, Vontetsianos, Theodoros, Vourdas, Dimitris, Wagenmann, Martin, Walker, Samantha, Wallace, Dana, Wang, De Yun, Waserman, Susan, Wickman, Magnus, Williams, Sian, Williams, Dennis, Wilson, Nicola, Woo, Kent, Wright, John, Wroczynski, Piotr, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Yakovliev, Plamen, Yamaguchi, Masao, Yan, Kwok, Yap, Yoke Yeow, Yawn, Barbara, Yiallouros, Panayiotis, Yoshihara, Shigemi, Young, Ian, Yusuf, Osman B., Zaidi, Asghar, Zaitoun, Fares, Zar, Heather, Zernotti, Mario, Zhang, Luo, Zhong, Nanshan, Zidarn, Mihaela, Zubrinich, Celia, Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep M., Iaccarino, Guido, Czarlewski, Wienczyslawa, Haahtela, Tari, Anto, Aram, Akdis, Cezmi, Blain, Hubert, Canonica, G. Walter, Cardona, Victoria, Cruz, Alvaro A., Illario, Maddalena, Ivancevich, Juan Carlos, Jutel, Marek, Klimek, Ludger, Kuna, Piotr, Laune, Daniel, Larenas-linnemann, Désirée, Mullol, Joaquim, Papadopoulos, Nikos G., Pfaar, Oliver, Samolinski, Boleslaw, Valiulis, Arunas, Yorgancioglu, Arzu, Zuberbier, Torsten, Latiff, Amir, Abdullah, Baharudin, Aberer, Werner, Abusada, Nancy, Adcock, Ian, Afani, Alejandro, Agache, Ioana, Aggelidis, Xenofon, Agustin, Jenifer, Akdis, Mübeccel, Al-Ahmad, Mona, Bassam, Abou Al Zahab, Aldrey-Palacios, Oscar, Cuesta, Emilio Alvarez, Alzaabi, Ashraf, Amad, Salma, Ambrocio, Gene, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Ansotegui, Ignacio, Anto, Josep, Arshad, Hasan, Artesani, Maria Cristina, Asayag, Estrella, Avolio, Francesca, Azhari, Khuzama, Baiardini, Ilaria, Bajrović, Nissera, Bakakos, Petros, Mongono, Sergio Bakeyala, Balotro-Torres, Christine, Barba, Sergio, Barbara, Cristina, Barbosa, Elsa, Barreto, Bruno, Bartra, Joan, Bateman, Eric D., Battur, Lkhagvaa, Bedbrook, Anna, Barajas, Martín Bedolla, Beghé, Bianca, Bel, Elizabeth, Kheder, Ali Ben, Benson, Mikael, Berghea, Camelia, Bergmann, Karl Christian, Bernstein, David, Bewick, Mike, Bialek, Slawomir, Białoszewski, Artur, Bieber, Thomas, Billo, Nils, Bilo, Maria Beatrice, Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Bjermer, Leif, Marciniak, Malgorzata Bochenska, Bond, Christine, Boner, Attilio, Bonini, Matteo, Bonini, Sergio, Bosnic-Anticevich, Sinthia, Bosse, Isabelle, Botskariova, Sofia, Bouchard, Jacques, Boulet, Louis Philippe, Bourret, Rodolphe, Bousquet, Philippe, Braido, Fulvio, Briggs, Andrew, Brightling, Christopher, Brozek, Jan, Buhl, Roland, Bumbacea, Roxana, Cabañas, María Teresa Burguete, Bush, Andrew, Busse, William W., Buters, Jeroen, Caballero-Fonseca, Fernan, Calderon, Moïses A., Calvo, Mario, Camargos, Paulo, Camuzat, Thierry, Cano, Antonio, Capriles-Hulett, Arnaldo, Caraballo, Luis, Cardona, Vicky, Carlsen, Kai Hakon, Caro, Jorge, Carreon-Asun-cion, Fredelita, Carriazo, Ana Maria, Casale, Thomas, Castor, Mary Ann, Castro, Elizabeth, Cecchi, Lorenzo, Sarabia, Alfonso Cepeda, Chandrasekharan, Ramanathan, Chang, Yoon Suk, Chato-Andeza, Victoria, Chatzi, Lida, Chatzidaki, Christina, Chavannes, Niels H., Chen, Yuzhi, Cheng, Lei, Chivato, Tomas, Chkhartishvili, Ekaterine, Christoff, George, Chrystyn, Henry, Chu, Derek K., Chua, Antonio, Chuchalin, Alexander, Chung, Kian Fan, Cicerán, Alberto, Cingi, Cemal, Ciprandi, Giorgio, Cirule, Ieva, Coelho, Ana Carla, Constantinidis, Jannis, de Sousa, Jaime Correia, Costa, Elisio, Costa, David, Domínguez, María Del Carmen Costa, Coste, André, Cox, Linda, Cullen, John, Custovic, Adnan, Cvetkovski, Biljana, D’amato, Gennaro, Silva, Jane da, Dahl, Ronald, Dahlen, Sven Erik, Daniilidis, Vasilis, Nahhas, Louei Darjazini, Darsow, Ulf, Blay, Frédéric de, Guia, Eloisa De, Santos, Chato de los, Keenoy, Esteban De Manuel, Vries, Govert De, Deleanu, Diana, Demoly, Pascal, Denburg, Judah, Devillier, Philippe, Didier, Alain, Dimou, Maria, Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan, Djukanovic, Ratko, Dokic, Dejan, Domínguez Silva, Margarita Gabriela, Douagui, Habib, Douladiris, Nikolaos, Doulaptsi, Maria, Dray, Gérard, Dubakiene, Ruta, Durham, Stephen, Dykewicz, Mark, Ebo, Didier, Edelbaher, Natalija, Eklund, Patrik, El-Gamal, Yehia, El-Sayed, Zeinab A., El-Sayed, Shereen S., El-Seify, Magda, Emuzyte, Regina, Enecilla, Lourdes, Espinoza, Heidilita, Guillermo, Jesús, Contreras, Espinoza, Farrell, John, Fernandez, Lenora, Wagner, Antje Fink, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Fokkens, Wytske J., Fontaine, Jean François, Forastiere, Francesco, Pèrez, Jose Miguel Fuentes, Gaerlan–resureccion, Emily, Gaga, Mina, Romero, José Luis Gálvez, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Garcia, Alexis, Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne García, García Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia, Gayraud, Jacques, Gemicioglu, Bilun, Genova, Sonya, Gereda, José, Wijk, Roy Gerth van, Gomez, Maximiliano, Diaz, Sandra González, Gotua, Maia, Grigoreas, Christos, Grisle, Ineta, Guidacci, Marta, Guldemond, Nick, Gutter, Zdenek, Guzmán, Antonieta, Halloum, Ramsa, Hamelmann, Eckard, Hammadi, Suleiman, Harvey, Richard, Heinrich, Joachim, Hejjaoui, Adnan, Hellquist-Dahl, Birthe, Velázquez, Luiana Hernández, Hew, Mark, Hossny, Elham, Howarth, Peter, Hrubiško, Martin, Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío Huerta, Humbert, Marc, Hyland, Michael, Ibrahim, Moustafa, Ilyina, Natalia, Irani, Carla, Ispayeva, Zhanat, Jares, Edgardo, Jarvis, Deborah, Jassem, Ewa, Jenko, Klemen, Uscanga, Rubén Darío Jiméneracruz, Johnston, Sebastian, Joos, Guy, Jošt, Maja, Julge, Kaja, Jung, Ki Suck, Just, Jocelyne, Kaidashev, Igor, Kalayci, Omer, Kalyoncu, Fuat, Kapsali, Jeni, Kardas, Przemyslaw, Karjalainen, Jussi, Kasala, Carmela A., Katotomichelakis, Michael, Kazi, Bennoor, Keil, Thomas, Keith, Paul, Khaitov, Musa, Khaltaev, Nikolai, Kim, You Young, Kleine-Tebbe, Jorg, Koffi N’Goran, Bernard, Kompoti, Evangelia, Kopač, Peter, Koppelman, Gerard, Jeverica, Anja Koren, Košnik, Mitja, Kostov, Kosta V., Kowalski, Marek L., Kralimarkova, Tanya, Vrščaj, Karmen Kramer, Kraxner, Helga, Kreft, Samo, Kritikos, Vicky, Kudlay, Dmitry, Kull, Inger, Kupczyk, Maciej, Kvedariene, Violeta, Kyriakakou, Marialena, Lalek, Nika, Lane, Stephen, Larenas-Linnemann, Désiree, Lau, Susanne, Lavrut, Jorge, Le, Lan, Lessa, Marcus, Levin, Michael, Li, Jing, Lieberman, Philip, Liotta, Giuseppe, Lipworth, Brian, Liu, Xuandao, Lobo, Rommel, Lodrup Carlsen, Karin C., Lombardi, Carlo, Louis, Renaud, Loukidis, Stelios, Lourenço, Olga, Luna Pech, Jorge A., Madjar, Bojan, Magnan, Antoine, Mahboub, Bassam, Mair, Alpana, Mais, Yassin, van der Zee, Anke Hilse Maitland, Makela, Mika, Makris, Michael, Malling, Hans Jorgen, Mandajieva, Mariana, Manning, Patrick, Manousakis, Manolis, Maragoudakis, Pavlos, Marshall, Gailen, Martins, Pedro, Reza Masjedi, Mohammad, Máspero, Jorge F., Campos, Juan José Matta, Maurer, Marcus, Mavale-Manuel, Sandra, Meço, Cem, Melén, Erik, Melo-Gomes, Elisabete, Meltzer, Eli O., Menditto, Enrica, Menzies-Gow, Andrew, Merk, Hans, Michel, Jean Pierre, Miculinic, Neven, Midão, Luís, Mihaltan, Florin, Mikael, Kuitunen, Mikos, Nikolaos, Milenkovic, Branislava, Mitsias, Dimitrios, Moalla, Bassem, Moda, Giuliana, Martínez, María Dolores Mogica, Mohammad, Yousser, Moin, Mostafa, Molimard, Mathieu, Momas, Isabelle, Monaco, Alessandro, Montefort, Steve, Mora, Dory, Morais-Almeida, Mario, Mösges, Ralph, Mostafa, Badr Eldin, Münter, Lars, Muraro, Antonella, Murray, Ruth, Mustakov, Tihomir, Naclerio, Robert, Nadif, Rachel, Nakonechna, Alla, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, Navarro-Locsin, Gretchen, Neffen, Hugo, Nekam, Kristof, Neou, Angelos, Nicod, Laurent, Niederberger-Leppin, Verena, Niedoszytko, Marek, Nieto, Antonio, Novellino, Ettore, Nunes, Elizabete, Nyembue, Dieudonné, O’hehir, Robyn, Odjakova, Cvetanka, Ohta, Ken, Okamoto, Yoshitaka, Okubo, Kimi, Oliver, Brian, Onorato, Gabrielle L., Orru, Maria Pia, Ouédraogo, Solange, Ouoba, Kampadilemba, Paggiaro, Pier Luigi, Pagkalos, Aris, Palaniappan, S. P., Pali-Schöll, Isabella, Palkonen, Susanna, Palmer, Stephen, Bunu, Carmen Panaitescu, Panzner, Petr, Papanikolaou, Vasilis, Papi, Alberto, Paralchev, Bojidar, Paraskevopoulos, Giannis, Park, Hae Sim, Passalacqua, Giovanni, Patella, Vincenzo, Pavord, Ian, Pawankar, Ruby, Pedersen, Soren, Peleve, Susete, Pereira, Ana, Pérez, Tamara, Pham-Thi, Nhân, Pigearias, Bernard, Pin, Isabelle, Piskou, Konstantina, Pitsios, Constantinos, Pitsios, Kostas, Plavec, Davor, Poethig, Dagmar, Pohl, Wolfgang, Susic, Antonija Poplas, Popov, Todor A., Portejoie, Fabienne, Potter, Paul, Poulsen, Lars, Prados-Torres, Alexandra, Prarros, Fotis, Price, David, Prokopakis, Emmanuel, Puy, Robert, Rabe, Klaus, Raciborski, Filip, Ramos, Josephine, Recto, Marysia T., Reda, Shereen M., Regateiro, Frederico, Reider, Norbert, Reitsma, Sietze, Repka-Ramirez, Susana, Rimmer, Janet, Yeverino, Daniela Rivero, Rizzo, José Angelo, Robalo-Cordeiro, Carlos, Roberts, Graham, Roche, Nicolas, González, Mónica Rodríguez, Zagal, Eréndira Rodríguez, Rolland, Christine, Roller-Wirns-berger, Regina, Rodriguez, Miguel Roman, Romano, Antonino, Rombaux, Philippe, Romualdez, Joel, Rosado-Pinto, Jose, Rosario, Nelson, Rosenwasser, Lanny, Rottem, Menachem, Rouadi, Philip, Rovina, Nikoleta, Sinur, Irma Rozman, Ruiz, Mauricio, Segura, Lucy Tania Ruiz, Ryan, Dermot, Sagara, Hironori, Sakai, Daiki, Sakurai, Daiju, Saleh, Wafaa, Salimaki, Johanna, Salina, Husain, Samitas, Konstanti Nos, Coronel, María Guadalupe Sánchez, Sanchez-Borges, Mario, Sanchez-Lopez, Jaime, Sarafoleanu, Codrut, Serpa, Faradiba Sarquis, Sastre-Dominguez, Joaquin, Scadding, Glenis, Scheire, Sophie, Schmid-Grendelmeier, Peter, Schuhl, Juan Francisco, Schunemann, Holger, Schvalbová, Maria, Scichilone, Nicola, Sepúlveda, Cecilia, Serrano, Elie, Sheikh, Aziz, Shields, Mike, Shishkov, Vasil, Siafakas, Nikos, Simeonov, Alexander, Simons, Estelle F., Sisul, Juan Carlos, Sitkauskiene, Brigita, Skrindo, Ingelbjorg, Košak, Tanja Soklič, Solé, Dirceu, Sooronbaev, Talant, Soto-Martinez, Manuel, Sova, Milan, Spertini, François, Spranger, Otto, Stamataki, Sofia, Stefanaki, Lina, Stellato, Cristiana, Stelmach, Rafael, Sterk, Peter, Strandberg, Timo, Stute, Petra, Subramaniam, Abirami, Suppli Ulrik, Charlotte, Sutherland, Michael, Sylvestre, Silvia, Syrigou, Aikaterini, Barata, Luis Taborda, Takovska, Nadejda, Tan, Rachel, Tan, Frances, Tan, Vincent, Tang, Ing Ping, Taniguchi, Masami, Tannert, Line, Tattersall, Jessica, Teixeira, Maria Do Ceu, Thijs, Carel, Thomas, Mike, To, Teresa, Todo-Bom, Ana Maria, Togias, Alkis, Tomazic, Peter Valentin, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Toskala, Elina, Triggiani, Massimo, Triller, Nadja, Triller, Katja, Tsiligianni, Ioanna, Ulmeanu, Ruxandra, Urbancic, Jure, Pereira, Marilyn Urrutia, Vachova, Martina, Valdés, Felipe, Valenta, Rudolf, Rostan, Marylin Valentin, Valero, Antonio, Vallianatou, Mina, Valovirta, Erkka, Eerd, Michiel Van, Ganse, Eric Van, Hage, Marianne van, Vandenplas, Olivier, Vasankari, Tuula, Vassileva, Dafina, Ventura, Teresa, Vera-Munoz, Cécilia, Vicheva, Dilyana, Vichyanond, Pakit, Vidgren, Petra, Viegi, Giovanni, Vogelmeier, Claus, Hertzen, Leena Von, Vontetsianos, Theodoros, Vourdas, Dimitris, Wagenmann, Martin, Walker, Samantha, Wallace, Dana, Wang, De Yun, Waserman, Susan, Wickman, Magnus, Williams, Sian, Williams, Dennis, Wilson, Nicola, Woo, Kent, Wright, John, Wroczynski, Piotr, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Yakovliev, Plamen, Yamaguchi, Masao, Yan, Kwok, Yap, Yoke Yeow, Yawn, Barbara, Yiallouros, Panayiotis, Yoshihara, Shigemi, Young, Ian, Yusuf, Osman B., Zaidi, Asghar, Zaitoun, Fares, Zar, Heather, Zernotti, Mario, Zhang, Luo, Zhong, Nanshan, Zidarn, Mihaela, and Zubrinich, Celia

Abstract

Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on COVID-19 focus on the differences among countries, but little attention has been given to regional differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic, Finland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia) have used different quarantine and/or confinement times and methods and none have performed as many early tests as Germany. Among other factors that may be significant are the dietary habits. It seems that some foods largely used in these countries may reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme activity or are anti-oxidants. Among the many possible areas of research, it might be important to understand diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) levels in populations with different COVID-19 death rates since dietary interventions may be of great benefit.

Published
2020

10. Prevalence of food sensitization and food allergy in children across Europe

Author

Lyons, Sarah A, Clausen, Michael, Knulst, André C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Potts, James, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Burney, Peter G J, Le, Thuy-My, Lyons, Sarah A, Clausen, Michael, Knulst, André C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Potts, James, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Burney, Peter G J, and Le, Thuy-My

Abstract

BACKGROUND: For adults, prevalence estimates of food sensitization (FS) and food allergy (FA) have been obtained in a standardized manner across Europe. For children, such estimates are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of self-reported FA, FS, probable FA (symptoms plus IgE sensitization), and challenge-confirmed FA in European school-age children. METHODS: Data on self-reported FA were collected through a screening questionnaire sent to a random sample of the general population of 7- to 10-year-old children in 8 European centers in phase I of the EuroPrevall study. Data on FS and probable FA were obtained in phase II, comprising an extensive questionnaire on reactions to 24 commonly implicated foods, and serology testing. Food challenge was performed in phase III. RESULTS: Prevalence (95% CI) of self-reported FA ranged from 6.5% (5.4-7.6) in Athens to 24.6% (22.8-26.5) in Lodz; prevalence of FS ranged from 11.0% (9.7-12.3) in Reykjavik to 28.7% (26.9-30.6) in Zurich; and prevalence of probable FA ranged from 1.9% (0.8-3.5) in Reykjavik to 5.6% (3.6-8.1) in Lodz. In all centers, most food-sensitized subjects had primary (non-cross-reactive) FS. However, FS due to birch pollen related cross-reactivity was also common in Central-Northern Europe. Probable FA to milk and egg occurred frequently throughout Europe; to fish and shrimp mainly in the Mediterranean and Reykjavik. Peach, kiwi, and peanut were prominent sources of plant FA in most countries, along with notably hazelnut, apple, carrot, and celery in Central-Northern Europe and lentils and walnut in the Mediterranean. CONCLUSIONS: There are large geograhical differences in the prevalence of FS and FA in school-age children across Europe. Both primary and cross-reactive FS and FA occur frequently.

Published
2020

11. Predictors of food sensitization in children and adults across Europe

Author

Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernández-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Le, Thuy-My, Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernández-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, and Le, Thuy-My

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The geographical variation and temporal increase in the prevalence of food sensitization (FS) suggest environmental influences. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how environment, infant diet, and demographic characteristics, are associated with FS in children and adults, focusing on early-life exposures. METHODS: Data on childhood and adult environmental exposures (including, among others, sibship size, daycare, pets, farm environment, and smoking), infant diet (including breastfeeding and timing of introduction to infant formula and solids), and demographic characteristics were collected from 2196 school-age children and 2185 adults completing an extensive questionnaire and blood sampling in the cross-sectional pan-European EuroPrevall project. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to determine associations between the predictor variables and sensitization to foods commonly implicated in food allergy (specific IgE ≥0.35 kU$_{A}$/L). Secondary outcomes were inhalant sensitization and primary (non-cross-reactive) FS. RESULTS: Dog ownership in early childhood was inversely associated with childhood FS (odds ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48-0.90), as was higher gestational age at delivery (odds ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87-0.99] per week increase in age). Lower age and male sex were associated with a higher prevalence of adult FS (odds ratio, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.96-0.98] per year increase in age, and 1.39 [95% CI, 1.12-1.71] for male sex). No statistically significant associations were found between other evaluated environmental determinants and childhood or adult FS, nor between infant diet and childhood FS, although early introduction of solids did show a trend toward prevention of FS. CONCLUSIONS: Dog ownership seems to protect against childhood FS, but independent effects of other currently conceived environmental and infant dietary determinants on FS in childhood or adulthood could not be confirmed.

Published
2020

12. Prevalence of Food Sensitization and Food Allergy in Children across Europe

Author

MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, Sarah A, Clausen, Michael, Knulst, André C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Potts, James, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Burney, Peter G J, Le, Thuy-My, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, Sarah A, Clausen, Michael, Knulst, André C, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kralimarkova, Tanya, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Potts, James, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Burney, Peter G J, and Le, Thuy-My

Published
2020

13. Predictors of Food Sensitization in Children and Adults across Europe

Author

MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernández-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Le, Thuy-My, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, DIGD-Onderzoek, Lyons, Sarah A, Knulst, André C, Burney, Peter G J, Fernández-Rivas, Montserrat, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K, Barreales, Laura, Bieli, Christian, Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernández-Perez, Cristina, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L, Kummeling, Ischa, Mustakov, Tihomir B, van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G, Popov, Todor A, Potts, James, Xepapadaki, Paraskevi, Welsing, Paco M J, Mills, E N Clare, van Ree, Ronald, and Le, Thuy-My

Published
2020

14. ARIA masterclass 2018: From guidelines to real-life implementation

Author

Hellings, Peter W, Seys, Sven F, Marien, Gert, Agache, Ioana, Canonica, Walter, Gevaert, Philippe, Haahtela, Tari, Klimek, Ludger, Mullol, Joaquim, Pfaar, Oliver, Scadding, Glenis, Scadding, Guy, Valiulis, Arunas, Bousquet, Jean, Pugin, Benoit, Al-Muhandis, Nada, Allatt, Sarah, Almeyda, Robert, Armand, Patricia, Markovic, Marina Atanaskovic, Bajoriuniene, Ieva, Banik, Abhijit-Neil, Barbar-Craig, Humera, Barraclough, James, Bedfert, Cecile, Bedrock, Ana, Beel, Mieke, Parra, David Bonilla, Bradatan, Elena, Bras, Michael, Brehmer, Detlef, Brinkman, David, Cardier Suarez, Marisela, Carrasco Llatas, Marina, Chipev, Petar, Cooper, Angela, Corbett, Dennis, Cox, Caroline, Cox, Tony, Decsi, Melinda, Dantsis, Christos, Davies, Danielle, de la Hoz, Belen, Dordal Culla, Maria Teresa, Dworan-Timler, Astrid, Edlinger, Stefan, El Rakhawy, Mohamed, El-Shanawany, Tariq, Elhendi Halawa, Wassim, Fauquert, Jean-Luc, Folliard, Aoife, Frankland, Karen, Gardner, James, Gaskin, Julian, Guiddur, Tamazoust, Hanks, Kerry-Ann, Hanna, Brendan, Heinz, Benjamin, Hettige, Roland, Horisberger, Alice, Hosotte, Maxime, Howe, David, Hox, Valerie, Ifeacho, Sonna, Jain, Anurag, Jaramillo, Mario, Jimenez Morales, Juan Miguel, Kale, Savita, Kamper, Yvonne, Kansal, Gaurav, Kapustova, Lenka, Karamchandani, Dheeraj, Keh, Siew, Kerr, Ute, Khan, Maha, Kosnik, Mitja, Kolar, Matej, Koos, Beate, Kostov, Kosta, Kraxner, Helga, Kvedariene, Violeta, Lawton, Simon, Lefevre, Sebastien, Lentari, Eirini, Lindenberger, Martin, Litschel, Ralph, Lozar, Miha, Lomikovska, Marta, Luckhardt, Clemens, Lukits, Julia, Marchuk, Oksana, Marlair, Caroline, Martens, Katleen, Maria Mateo, Jose, Mc Donald, Stephen, Menaches Guardiola, Maria Isabel, Mohammad, Mohammad, Cosme, Joana Moreno, Morgans, Montio, Morris, Abigail, Mustakov, Tihomir, Nadeem, Shahid, Nagy, Attila, Nemecek, Romina, Nemeth, Barbara, Neukirch, Catherine, Odeh, Ihab, Patiar, Shalini, Pavic, Milena, Peglion, Armony, Pentland, Julie, de Corgnol, Anne Christine Perrot, Petrovicova, Otilia, Piccininni, Krizia, Piont, Valeryi, Popov, Todor, Popovics, Emese, Portejoie, Fabienne, Quirce, Santiago, Ram, Bhaskar, Ramonaite, Agne, Juratli, Abdul Razzak, Rico, Pilar, Ritterhoff, Carsten, Robertson, Alasdair, Fernandes, Rosa Rodrigues, Runge, Sonja, Ryan, Dermot, Sanchez Gutierrez, Rafael, Schatteman, Isabelle, Scheire, Sophie, Schuhmacher-Koval, Aleksandra, Scola Pliego, Esteban, Shukla, Rishi, Siau, Derrick, Siemers, Maaike, Sitkauskiene, Brigita, Slomskis, Tomas, Kosak, Tanja Soklic, Speleman, Kato, Spindler, Thomas, Straetmans, Jos, Striupaitiene, Dina, Sunk, Werner, Tadikonda, Rajendra, Tariq, Muhammad, Terporten, Barbara, Toma, Shamim, Tor, Mirabela, Tsirevelou, Paraskevi, Urban, Matthias, Urbancic, Jure, van der Putten, Lisa, Vasiliu, Vlad-Corneliu, Vesilyk, Nataliia, Vink, Anna-Sophie, Vriess-Uss, Elena, Vu, Kieuhanh, Yaremchuk, Svitlana, Yong, Patrick, Zahoor, Tosief, Zidarn, Mihaela, Ear, Nose and Throat, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Transilvania University of Brasov, Istituto Clinico Humanitas [Milan] (IRCCS Milan), Humanitas University [Milan] (Hunimed), Ghent University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Heidelberg University, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Philipps University of Marburg, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, University College of London [London] (UCL), Vilnius University [Vilnius], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing Reference Site (EIP on AHA), and Commission Européenne-Commission Européenne-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)

Subjects
IMPACT, Best practice, MEDLINE, CHILDREN, MECHANISMS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Belgium, RISK-FACTOR, Mobile technology, MANAGEMENT, Humans, Medicine, In real life, IMMUNOTHERAPY, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, masterclass, ALLERGIC RHINITIS SYMPTOMS, Research data, Asthma therapy, Medical education, Science & Technology, ARIA, allergic rhinitis, PRODUCTIVITY, business.industry, Change management, General Medicine, asthma, MILD, Rhinitis, Allergic, Asthma, 3. Good health, Integrated care, Multimorbidities, Integrated Care Pathways, Otorhinolaryngology, ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Clinical Competence, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Over the past 20 years, ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) has developed various guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma multimorbidity. Over time, the ARIA initiative has evolved to ensure the highest level of bestpractices adoption in real life settings. It has evolved towards Integrated Care Pathways (ICPs) using mobile technology, and has now entered a new phase in which change management is key to provide an active and healthy life to all AR patients. With that in mind, the first ARIA masterclass was held on 12th September 2018 in Brussels, Belgium. The masterclass aimed at informing clinicians about the principles of change management, providing unbiased education on diagnosis and treatments, sharing the most recent research data on AR and multimorbidities, and creating a snowball effect to increase the adoption of best practices around the globe. This report provides an overview of the ARIA masterclass concept, summarizes the key lectures and discussions, and gives an outline of the future key development. ispartof: RHINOLOGY vol:57 issue:5 pages:392-399 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published

Published
2019
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15. Food Allergy in Adults: Substantial Variation in Prevalence and Causative Foods Across Europe

Author

UMC Utrecht, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lyons, Sarah A., Burney, Peter G.J., Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K., Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, L., Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Fritsche, Philipp, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L., Kralimarkova, T., Kummeling, I., Mustakov, Tihomir B., Lebens, Ans F.M., van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Popov, Todor A., Sakellariou, Alexandros, Welsing, Paco M.J., Potts, J., Mills, E. N.Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Knulst, André C., Le, Thuy My, UMC Utrecht, MS Dermatologie/Allergologie, Afdeling Dermatologie/Allergologie, Infection & Immunity, Lab Reumatologie/Klinische Immunologie, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, JC onderzoeksprogramma Methodologie, Lyons, Sarah A., Burney, Peter G.J., Ballmer-Weber, Barbara K., Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat, Barreales, L., Clausen, Michael, Dubakiene, Ruta, Fernandez-Perez, Cristina, Fritsche, Philipp, Jedrzejczak-Czechowicz, Monika, Kowalski, Marek L., Kralimarkova, T., Kummeling, I., Mustakov, Tihomir B., Lebens, Ans F.M., van Os-Medendorp, Harmieke, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Popov, Todor A., Sakellariou, Alexandros, Welsing, Paco M.J., Potts, J., Mills, E. N.Clare, van Ree, Ronald, Knulst, André C., and Le, Thuy My

Published
2019

17. European Collaborative Action - Urban Air, Indoor Environment and Human Exposure, Report No 30, Framework for health-based ventilation guidelines in Europe

Author

CARRER PAOLO, WARGOCKI PAWEL, DE OLIVEIRA FERNANDES EDUARDO, HANNINEN OTTO, KEPHALOPOULOS STYLIANOS, ALLARD FRANCIS, ASIKAINEN ARJA, ASIMAKOPOULOS DIMOSTHENES, ASIMAKOPOULOU MARGARITA-NIKI, BISCHOFF WOLFGANG, BRAUBACH MATTHIAS, BRELIK NEJC, BRENNAN DAVID, FANETTI ANNACLARA, HARTMANN THOMAS, HÉROUX MARIE-EVE, JANTUNEN MATTI, LEAL VITOR, MUSTAKOV TIHOMIR, PALKONNEN SUSANNA, POPOV TED, ROLLAND CHRISTINE, SALARI MARIA, SANTAMOURIS MATS, SANTOS HUGO, SAVLI ROBERTA, and SEPPÄNEN OLLI

Abstract

The present report describes the findings and recommendations of the HealthVent (Health-based ventilation guidelines for Europe) project that funded by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Health and Consumers in the framework of the Second Programme of Community Action in the Field of Health (2008-2013). HealthVent developed a framework for health-based ventilation guidelines for public and residential buildings in Europe and assessed the consequences of implementing these guidelines, bearing in mind future trends in the built environment, including energy efficiency and environmental sustainability issues., JRC.F.2-Consumer Products Safety

Published
2015

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