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1. Exercise and postprandial lipaemia: effects on peripheral vascular function, oxidative stress and gastrointestinal transit

Author

McLaughlin Jim, Duly Ellie, Trinick Tom, Murphy H Marie, Davison W Gareth, McClean Conor, Clegg Miriam, Fogarty Mark, and Shafat Amir

Subjects
Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Postprandial lipaemia may lead to an increase in oxidative stress, inducing endothelial dysfunction. Exercise can slow gastric emptying rates, moderating postprandial lipaemia. The purpose of this study was to determine if moderate exercise, prior to fat ingestion, influences gastrointestinal transit, lipaemia, oxidative stress and arterial wall function. Eight apparently healthy males (age 23.6 ± 2.8 yrs; height 181.4 ± 8.1 cm; weight 83.4 ± 16.2 kg; all data mean ± SD) participated in the randomised, crossover design, where (i) subjects ingested a high-fat meal alone (control), and (ii) ingested a high-fat meal, preceded by 1 h of moderate exercise. Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) was examined at baseline, post-exercise, and in the postprandial period. Gastric emptying was measured using the 13C-octanoic acid breath test. Measures of venous blood were obtained prior to and following exercise and at 2, 4 and 6 hours post-ingestion. PWV increased (6.5 ± 1.9 m/sec) at 2 (8.9 ± 1.7 m/sec) and 4 hrs (9.0 ± 1.6 m/sec) post-ingestion in the control group (time × group interaction, P < 0.05). PWV was increased at 2 hrs post-ingestion in the control compared to the exercise trial; 8.9 ± 1.7 vs. 6.2 ± 1.5 m/sec (time × group interaction, P < 0.05). Lipid hydroperoxides increased over time (pooled exercise and control data, P < 0.05). Serum triacylglycerols were elevated postprandially (pooled exercise and control data, P < 0.05). There were no changes in gastric emptying, cholesterol, or C-reactive protein levels. These data suggest that acute exercise prior to the consumption of a high-fat meal has the potential to reduce vascular impairments.

Published
2007
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3. Profiles of Parental Burnout Around the Globe : Similarities and Differences Across 36 Countries

Author

Matias, M., Aguiar, J., Fontaine, A. M., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Aunola, K., Barham, E., Beyers, W., Boujut, E., Brytek-Matera, A., Carbonneau, N., César, F., Chen, B. -B, Dorard, G., Dunsmuir, S., Egorova, N., Elias, L., Favez, N., Foran, H. M., Furutani, K., Gannagé, M., Gaspar, M., Godbout, L., Gross, J., Hatta, O., Huynh, M. -T, Kellou, N., Knezevic, G., Lazarevic, L., Le Vigouroux, S., Leme, V., Manrique-Millones, D., Millones Rivalles, R., Miranda-Orrego, M. I., Miscioscia, M., Morgades-Bamba, C. I., Mousavi, S. F., Moutassem-Mimouni, B., Muntean, A., Murphy, H., Tenkue, J. N., Osman, F., Oyarce Cadiz, D., Pérez-Díaz, P. A., Petrides, K., Scola, C., Simonelli, A., Soenens, B., Sorbring, Emma, Sorkkila, M., Stănculescu, E., Starchenkova, E., Szczygiel, D., Tremblay, M., Ustundag-Budak, A. M., van Bakel, H., Verhofstadt, L., Wendland, J., Mikolajczak, M., Roskam, I., Matias, M., Aguiar, J., Fontaine, A. M., Akgun, E., Arikan, G., Aunola, K., Barham, E., Beyers, W., Boujut, E., Brytek-Matera, A., Carbonneau, N., César, F., Chen, B. -B, Dorard, G., Dunsmuir, S., Egorova, N., Elias, L., Favez, N., Foran, H. M., Furutani, K., Gannagé, M., Gaspar, M., Godbout, L., Gross, J., Hatta, O., Huynh, M. -T, Kellou, N., Knezevic, G., Lazarevic, L., Le Vigouroux, S., Leme, V., Manrique-Millones, D., Millones Rivalles, R., Miranda-Orrego, M. I., Miscioscia, M., Morgades-Bamba, C. I., Mousavi, S. F., Moutassem-Mimouni, B., Muntean, A., Murphy, H., Tenkue, J. N., Osman, F., Oyarce Cadiz, D., Pérez-Díaz, P. A., Petrides, K., Scola, C., Simonelli, A., Soenens, B., Sorbring, Emma, Sorkkila, M., Stănculescu, E., Starchenkova, E., Szczygiel, D., Tremblay, M., Ustundag-Budak, A. M., van Bakel, H., Verhofstadt, L., Wendland, J., Mikolajczak, M., and Roskam, I.

Abstract

Parental burnout (PB) is a pervasive phenomenon. Parenting is embedded in cultural values, and previous research has shown the role of individualism in PB. In this paper, we reanalyze previously collected data to identify profiles based on the four dimensions of PB, and explore whether these profiles vary across countries’ levels of collectivistic-individualistic (COL-IND) values. Our sample comprised 16,885 individuals from 36 countries (73% women; 27% men), and we used a latent profile approach to uncover PB profiles. The findings showed five profiles: Fulfilled, Not in PB, Low risk of PB, High risk of PB and Burned out. The profiles pointed to climbing levels of PB in the total sample and in each of the three country groups (High COL/Low IND, Medium COL-IND, Low COL/High IND). Exploratory analyses revealed that distinct dimensions of PB had the most prominent roles in the climbing pattern, depending on the countries’ levels of COL/IND. In particular, we found contrast to be a hallmark dimension and an indicator of severe burnout for individualistic countries. Contrary to our predictions, emotional distance and saturation did not allow a clear differentiation across collectivistic countries. Our findings support several research avenues regarding PB measurement and intervention., CC BY

Published
2023
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6. Prevention of child mental health problems through parenting interventions in Southeastern Europe (RISE): study protocol for a multi-site randomised controlled trial

Author

Tăut, D, Băban, A, Frantz, I, Dănilă, I, Lachman, JM, Heinrichs, N, Ward, CL, Gardner, F, Fang, X, Hutchings, J, Raleva, M, Lesco, G, Murphy, H, Foran, H, Department of Psychology, and Faculty of Humanities

Subjects
Medicine (General), Medicine (miscellaneous), Child Behavior, Child Behavior Disorders, Child behavior problems, 03 medical and health sciences, Study Protocol, LMIC, 0302 clinical medicine, R5-920, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Parenting, Parent training, 05 social sciences, Child behaviour problems, 3. Good health, Europe, Mental Health, Child, Preschool, RCT, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract

Background Childhood adversities, such as poor parental practices, exposure to violence, and risk behaviours strongly impact children’s future mental and behavioural problems. Adversities affect families living in disadvantaged environments and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to a greater extent than in high-income countries. Parenting programmes are an effective way to alleviate them, although their outreach and scalability is still limited in LMICs. Methods/design A multi-site randomised controlled trial will be conducted in North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova and Romania to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an optimised version of the promising Parenting for Lifelong Health Programme for Young Children (PLH-YC, 5 sessions), against a standard lecture on parenting issues (control group, 1 session). At least 864 participants who report having children between 2 and 9 years old who display elevated levels of behavioural difficulties will be randomised on a 1:1 basis to the intervention and control groups. The primary outcome will consist of parent report of child oppositional aggressive behaviour. Post-test (four months) and follow-up (12 months) assessments will provide information on short- and longer-term effects of PLH-YC compared to the parenting lecture in the control group. Discussion This randomised trial will test the efficacy of PLH-YC in alleviating child behavioural problems and assess the cost-effectiveness, transportability across three different cultural contexts, and potential for scalability of the programme. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov., Registration number: NCT04721730 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04721730). Registered 13.01.2021

Published
2021

10. Cognitive Socialisation of 4-Year-Old Children in Nursery School.

Author

Murphy, H. F. and Wilkinson, J. E.

Abstract

Using a test-observe-test design with a sample of 29 4-year-old children, this study examined the relationship between children's activity choices in a typical progressive nursery school and their intellectual performance, socioeconomic status (SES), and sex. An attempt was made to identify those experiential factors associated with changes in intellectual performance over a period of 4 months. All subjects were pretested on a wide range of intellectual measures including the Wechsler Pre-school and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI), the English Picture Vocabulary Test (EPVT), and the Linear and Circular Order, Seriation, and Multiple Classification tests. Using the Child Observation Schedule (COS), observers recorded subjects' activities, interactions, and behaviors for 4 mornings each week over a period of 4 months. The posttests were then administered to all subjects. Results indicated that (1) for all subjects taken as a group, the mean improvements were significant and relatively uniform across all the intelligence measures used; (2) high IQ children spent more time listening to stories, spent more time in verbal interaction with others, and were more receptive to adult-initiated communication; (3) low SES children spent more time alone, more time on social/ personal activity, more passive time with adults and more time in solitary play than children from higher SES; and (4) girls spent less time on physical activities and more time on social activities than boys. (Author/MP)

Published
1980

11. Educational Goal-Setting in a Native-Canadian Community.

Author

Murphy, H. Joseph

Abstract

A revitalization of Canadian Indian culture occurred as a result of the 1967 Hawthorn Report, which advocated the integration of Canada natives into white society. On the Eskasoni Indian Reserve, home of 1700 Micma Indians in Nova Scotia, the revitalization was shown in the results of two questionnaires about local education. On the first questionnaire, 141 heads of household indicated the importance of 23 educational goals to the Eskasoni School, serving 620 students in grades K-9. Most important were the desire to learn, English, tolerance, citizenship, and Micmac language arts. Least important were Canadian studies, science, and French. On the second questionnaire, 138 heads of household indicated their satisfaction with the Eskasoni School. Although many were uninformed about Eskasoni education, others expressed satisfaction with existing mathematics, English, science, home economics, and social studies programs, but not with courses in drama, or Micmac culture and language arts. Respondents were also satisfied with the staff and with their cihildren's liking of school, but not with available classrooms, parent consultations, or their say in decision making. Factors with which respondents were dissatisfied should be dealt with promptly and all results should be verifed or validated. Appendices contain new data and copies of the questionnaires. (SB)

Published
1984

12. 178 A RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF PROCESS OUTCOMES OF OLDER ADULTS REFERRED TO A COMMUNITY RE-ENABLEMENT TEAM FROM THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Author

Synnott, A, primary, Ryan, C, additional, O'Connell, P, additional, Steed, F, additional, Reale, S, additional, Carey, L, additional, English, S, additional, Fitzgibbon, K, additional, O'Connell, Á, additional, Smalle, E, additional, Ryan, D, additional, Shchetkovsky, D, additional, McCarthy, A, additional, Moran, B, additional, Murphy, H, additional, and O'Shaughnessy, Í, additional

Published
2021
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13. Psychological distress and trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic: survey of doctors practising anaesthesia, intensive care medicine, and emergency medicine in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland

Author

Kane, L., Mackenzie, L., Sharma Hajela, S., Phizacklea, J., Malik, K., Mathai, N., Sattout, A., Messahel, S., Fadden, E., McQuillan, R., O'Hare, B., Lewis, S., Bewick, D., Taylor, R., Hancock, I., Manthalapo Ramesh Babu, D., Hartshorn, S., Williams, M., Charlton, A., Somerset, L., Munday, C., Turner, A., Sainsbury, R., Williams, E., Patil, S., Stewart, R., Winstanley, M., Tambe, N., Magee, C., Raffo, D., Mawhinney, D., Taylor, B., Hussan, T., Pells, G., Barham, F., Wood, F., Szekeres, C., Greenhalgh, R., Marimuthu, S., Macfarlane, R., Alex, M., Shrestha, B., Stanley, L., Gumley, J., Thomas, K., Anderson, M., Weegenaar, C., Lockwood, J., Mohamed, T., Ramraj, S., Mackenzie, M., Robertson, A., Niven, W., Patel, M., Subramaniam, S., Holmes, C., Bongale, S., Bait, U., Nagendran, S., Rao, S., Mendes, F., Singh, P., Baron, T., Ponmani, C., Depante, M., Sneep, R., Brookes, A., Williams, S., Rainey, A., Brown, J., Marriage, N., Manou, S., Hart, S., Elsheikh, M., Cocker, L., Elwan, M.H., Vincent, K.L., Nunn, C., Sarja, N., Viegas, M., Wooffinden, E., Reynard, C., Cherian, N., Da-Costa, A., Duckitt, S., Bailey, J., How, L., Hine, T., Ihsan, F., Abdullah, H., Bader, K., Pradhan, S., Manoharan, M., Kehler, L., Muswell, R., Bonsano, M., Evans, J., Christmas, E., Knight, K., O'Rourke, L., Adeboye, K., Iftikhar, K., Evans, R., Darke, R., Freeman, R., Grocholski, E., Kaur, K., Cooper, H., Mohammad, M., Harwood, L., Lines, K., Thomas, C., Ranasinghe, D., Hall, S., Wright, J., Ali, N., Hunt, J., Ahmad, H., Ward, C., Khan, M., Holzman, K., Ritchie, J., Hormis, A., Hannah, R., Corfield, A., Maney, J., Metcalfe, D., Timmis, S., Williams, C., Newport, R., Bawden, D., Tabner, A., Malik, H., Roe, C., McConnell, D., Taylor, F., Ellis, R., Morgan, S., Barnicott, L., Foster, S., Browning, J., McCrae, L., Godden, E., Saunders, A., Lawrence-Ball, A., House, R., Muller, J., Skene, I., Lim, M., Millar, H., Rai, A., Challen, K., Currie, S., Elkanzi, M., Perry, T., Kan, W., Brown, L., Cheema, M., Clarey, A., Gulati, A., Webster, K., Howson, A., Doonan, R., Trimble, A., O’Connell, C., Wright, R., Colley, E., Rimmer, C., Pintus, S., Jarman, H., Worsnop, V., Collins, S., Colmar, M., Masood, N., McLatchie, R., Peasley, A., Rahman, S., Mullen, N., Armstrong, L., Hay, A., Mills, R., Lowe, J., Raybould, H., Ali, A., Cuthbert, P., Taylor, S., Talwar, V., Al-Janabi, Z., Leech, C., Turner, J., McKechnie, L., Mallon, B., McLaren, J., Moulds, Y., Dunlop, L., Burton, F.M., Keers, S., Robertson, L., Craver, D., Moultrie, N., Williams, O., Purvis, S., Clark, M., Davies, C., Foreman, S., Ngua, C., Morgan, J., Hoskins, N., Fryer, J., Frost, L., Ellis, P., Mackay, A., Gray, K., Jacobs, M., Musliam Veettil Asif, I., Amiri, P., Shrivastava, S., Raza, F., Wilson, S., Riyat, M., Knott, H., Ramazany, M., Langston, S., Abela, N., Robinson, L., Maasdorp, D., Murphy, H., Edmundson, H., Das, R., Orjioke, C., Worley, D., Collier, W., Everson, J., Maleki, N., Stafford, A., Gokani, S., Charalambos, M., Olajide, A., Bi, C., Ng, J., Naeem, S., Hill, A., Boulind, C., O'Sullivan, R., Gilmartin, S., Uí Bhroin, S., Fitzpatrick, P., Patton, A., Jee Poh Hock, M., Graham, S., Kukaswadia, S., Prendergast, C., Ahmed, A., Dalla Vecchia, C., Lynch, J., Grummell, M., Grossi, I., MacManus, B., Turton, P., Battle, C., Samuel, K., Boyle, A., Waite, A., George, D., Johnston, B., Anandarajah, J., Vinagre, J., Roberts, Tom, Hirst, Robert, Sammut-Powell, Camilla, Reynard, Charles, Daniels, Jo, Horner, Daniel, Lyttle, Mark D., Samuel, Katie, Graham, Blair, Barrett, Michael J., Foley, James, Cronin, John, Umana, Etimbuk, Vinagre, Joao, and Carlton, Edward

Published
2021
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14. Psychological distress and trauma during the COVID-19 pandemic: survey of doctors practising anaesthesia, intensive care medicine, and emergency medicine in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland

Author

Roberts, Tom, primary, Hirst, Robert, additional, Sammut-Powell, Camilla, additional, Reynard, Charles, additional, Daniels, Jo, additional, Horner, Daniel, additional, Lyttle, Mark D., additional, Samuel, Katie, additional, Graham, Blair, additional, Barrett, Michael J., additional, Foley, James, additional, Cronin, John, additional, Umana, Etimbuk, additional, Vinagre, Joao, additional, Carlton, Edward, additional, Kane, L., additional, Mackenzie, L., additional, Sharma Hajela, S., additional, Phizacklea, J., additional, Malik, K., additional, Mathai, N., additional, Sattout, A., additional, Messahel, S., additional, Fadden, E., additional, McQuillan, R., additional, O'Hare, B., additional, Lewis, S., additional, Bewick, D., additional, Taylor, R., additional, Hancock, I., additional, Manthalapo Ramesh Babu, D., additional, Hartshorn, S., additional, Williams, M., additional, Charlton, A., additional, Somerset, L., additional, Munday, C., additional, Turner, A., additional, Sainsbury, R., additional, Williams, E., additional, Patil, S., additional, Stewart, R., additional, Winstanley, M., additional, Tambe, N., additional, Magee, C., additional, Raffo, D., additional, Mawhinney, D., additional, Taylor, B., additional, Hussan, T., additional, Pells, G., additional, Barham, F., additional, Wood, F., additional, Szekeres, C., additional, Greenhalgh, R., additional, Marimuthu, S., additional, Macfarlane, R., additional, Alex, M., additional, Shrestha, B., additional, Stanley, L., additional, Gumley, J., additional, Thomas, K., additional, Anderson, M., additional, Weegenaar, C., additional, Lockwood, J., additional, Mohamed, T., additional, Ramraj, S., additional, Mackenzie, M., additional, Robertson, A., additional, Niven, W., additional, Patel, M., additional, Subramaniam, S., additional, Holmes, C., additional, Bongale, S., additional, Bait, U., additional, Nagendran, S., additional, Rao, S., additional, Mendes, F., additional, Singh, P., additional, Baron, T., additional, Ponmani, C., additional, Depante, M., additional, Sneep, R., additional, Brookes, A., additional, Williams, S., additional, Rainey, A., additional, Brown, J., additional, Marriage, N., additional, Manou, S., additional, Hart, S., additional, Elsheikh, M., additional, Cocker, L., additional, Elwan, M.H., additional, Vincent, K.L., additional, Nunn, C., additional, Sarja, N., additional, Viegas, M., additional, Wooffinden, E., additional, Reynard, C., additional, Cherian, N., additional, Da-Costa, A., additional, Duckitt, S., additional, Bailey, J., additional, How, L., additional, Hine, T., additional, Ihsan, F., additional, Abdullah, H., additional, Bader, K., additional, Pradhan, S., additional, Manoharan, M., additional, Kehler, L., additional, Muswell, R., additional, Bonsano, M., additional, Evans, J., additional, Christmas, E., additional, Knight, K., additional, O'Rourke, L., additional, Adeboye, K., additional, Iftikhar, K., additional, Evans, R., additional, Darke, R., additional, Freeman, R., additional, Grocholski, E., additional, Kaur, K., additional, Cooper, H., additional, Mohammad, M., additional, Harwood, L., additional, Lines, K., additional, Thomas, C., additional, Ranasinghe, D., additional, Hall, S., additional, Wright, J., additional, Ali, N., additional, Hunt, J., additional, Ahmad, H., additional, Ward, C., additional, Khan, M., additional, Holzman, K., additional, Ritchie, J., additional, Hormis, A., additional, Hannah, R., additional, Corfield, A., additional, Maney, J., additional, Metcalfe, D., additional, Timmis, S., additional, Williams, C., additional, Newport, R., additional, Bawden, D., additional, Tabner, A., additional, Malik, H., additional, Roe, C., additional, McConnell, D., additional, Taylor, F., additional, Ellis, R., additional, Morgan, S., additional, Barnicott, L., additional, Foster, S., additional, Browning, J., additional, McCrae, L., additional, Godden, E., additional, Saunders, A., additional, Lawrence-Ball, A., additional, House, R., additional, Muller, J., additional, Skene, I., additional, Lim, M., additional, Millar, H., additional, Rai, A., additional, Challen, K., additional, Currie, S., additional, Elkanzi, M., additional, Perry, T., additional, Kan, W., additional, Brown, L., additional, Cheema, M., additional, Clarey, A., additional, Gulati, A., additional, Webster, K., additional, Howson, A., additional, Doonan, R., additional, Trimble, A., additional, O’Connell, C., additional, Wright, R., additional, Colley, E., additional, Rimmer, C., additional, Pintus, S., additional, Jarman, H., additional, Worsnop, V., additional, Collins, S., additional, Colmar, M., additional, Masood, N., additional, McLatchie, R., additional, Peasley, A., additional, Rahman, S., additional, Mullen, N., additional, Armstrong, L., additional, Hay, A., additional, Mills, R., additional, Lowe, J., additional, Raybould, H., additional, Ali, A., additional, Cuthbert, P., additional, Taylor, S., additional, Talwar, V., additional, Al-Janabi, Z., additional, Leech, C., additional, Turner, J., additional, McKechnie, L., additional, Mallon, B., additional, McLaren, J., additional, Moulds, Y., additional, Dunlop, L., additional, Burton, F.M., additional, Keers, S., additional, Robertson, L., additional, Craver, D., additional, Moultrie, N., additional, Williams, O., additional, Purvis, S., additional, Clark, M., additional, Davies, C., additional, Foreman, S., additional, Ngua, C., additional, Morgan, J., additional, Hoskins, N., additional, Fryer, J., additional, Frost, L., additional, Ellis, P., additional, Mackay, A., additional, Gray, K., additional, Jacobs, M., additional, Musliam Veettil Asif, I., additional, Amiri, P., additional, Shrivastava, S., additional, Raza, F., additional, Wilson, S., additional, Riyat, M., additional, Knott, H., additional, Ramazany, M., additional, Langston, S., additional, Abela, N., additional, Robinson, L., additional, Maasdorp, D., additional, Murphy, H., additional, Edmundson, H., additional, Das, R., additional, Orjioke, C., additional, Worley, D., additional, Collier, W., additional, Everson, J., additional, Maleki, N., additional, Stafford, A., additional, Gokani, S., additional, Charalambos, M., additional, Olajide, A., additional, Bi, C., additional, Ng, J., additional, Naeem, S., additional, Hill, A., additional, Boulind, C., additional, O'Sullivan, R., additional, Gilmartin, S., additional, Uí Bhroin, S., additional, Fitzpatrick, P., additional, Patton, A., additional, Jee Poh Hock, M., additional, Graham, S., additional, Kukaswadia, S., additional, Prendergast, C., additional, Ahmed, A., additional, Dalla Vecchia, C., additional, Lynch, J., additional, Grummell, M., additional, Grossi, I., additional, MacManus, B., additional, Turton, P., additional, Battle, C., additional, Samuel, K., additional, Boyle, A., additional, Waite, A., additional, George, D., additional, Johnston, B., additional, Anandarajah, J., additional, and Vinagre, J., additional

Published
2021
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15. Windigo Psychosis: The Anatomy of an Emic-Etic Confusion [and Comments and Reply]

Author

Marano, Lou, Bishop, Charles, Black, M. Jean, Bolman, William M., Brown, Jennifer, Hay, Thomas H., Hurlich, Marshall G., Landes, Ruth, McGee, H. F., Murphy, H. B. M., Paredes, J. Anthony, Preston, Richard, Ridington, Robin, Rohrl, Vivian, Smith, R. J., Teicher, Morton, Turner, David, Waisberg, Leo, and Weidman, Hazel H.

Published
1982

21. Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected and confirmed COVID‐19: A multisite report from the COVID‐19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project for July 2020 (COVED‐3)

Author

O'Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Mitra, B, Akhlaghi, H, Tran, V, Furyk, Jeremy, Buntine, P, Bannon-Murphy, H, Amos, T, Udaya Kumar, M, Perkins, E, Prentice, A, Szwarcberg, O, Loughman, A, Lowry, N, Colwell, S, Noonan, MP, Hiller, R, Paton, A, Smit, DV, Cameron, PA, O'Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Mitra, B, Akhlaghi, H, Tran, V, Furyk, Jeremy, Buntine, P, Bannon-Murphy, H, Amos, T, Udaya Kumar, M, Perkins, E, Prentice, A, Szwarcberg, O, Loughman, A, Lowry, N, Colwell, S, Noonan, MP, Hiller, R, Paton, A, Smit, DV, and Cameron, PA

Published
2021

22. Minimizing errors in RT-PCR detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for wastewater surveillance

Author

Ahmed, W, Simpson, SL, Bertsch, PM, Bibby, K, Bivins, A, Blackall, LL, Bofill-Mas, S, Bosch, A, Brandao, J, Choi, PM, Ciesielski, M, Donner, E, D'Souza, N, Farnleitner, AH, Gerrity, D, Gonzalez, R, Griffith, JF, Gyawali, P, Haas, CN, Hamilton, KA, Hapuarachchi, HC, Harwood, VJ, Haque, R, Jackson, G, Khan, SJ, Khan, W, Kitajima, M, Korajkic, A, La Rosa, G, Layton, BA, Lipp, E, McLellan, SL, McMinn, B, Medema, G, Metcalfe, S, Meijer, WG, Mueller, JF, Murphy, H, Naughton, CC, Noble, RT, Payyappat, S, Petterson, S, Pitkanen, T, Rajal, VB, Reyneke, B, Jr, FAR, Rose, JB, Rusinol, M, Sadowsky, MJ, Sala-Comorera, L, Setoh, YX, Sherchan, SP, Sirikanchana, K, Smith, W, Steele, JA, Subburg, R, Symonds, EM, Thai, P, Thomas, K, Tynan, J, Toze, S, Thompson, J, Whiteley, AS, Wong, JCC, Sano, D, Wuertz, S, Xagoraraki, I, Zhang, Q, Zimmer-Faust, AG, Shanks, OC, Ahmed, W, Simpson, SL, Bertsch, PM, Bibby, K, Bivins, A, Blackall, LL, Bofill-Mas, S, Bosch, A, Brandao, J, Choi, PM, Ciesielski, M, Donner, E, D'Souza, N, Farnleitner, AH, Gerrity, D, Gonzalez, R, Griffith, JF, Gyawali, P, Haas, CN, Hamilton, KA, Hapuarachchi, HC, Harwood, VJ, Haque, R, Jackson, G, Khan, SJ, Khan, W, Kitajima, M, Korajkic, A, La Rosa, G, Layton, BA, Lipp, E, McLellan, SL, McMinn, B, Medema, G, Metcalfe, S, Meijer, WG, Mueller, JF, Murphy, H, Naughton, CC, Noble, RT, Payyappat, S, Petterson, S, Pitkanen, T, Rajal, VB, Reyneke, B, Jr, FAR, Rose, JB, Rusinol, M, Sadowsky, MJ, Sala-Comorera, L, Setoh, YX, Sherchan, SP, Sirikanchana, K, Smith, W, Steele, JA, Subburg, R, Symonds, EM, Thai, P, Thomas, K, Tynan, J, Toze, S, Thompson, J, Whiteley, AS, Wong, JCC, Sano, D, Wuertz, S, Xagoraraki, I, Zhang, Q, Zimmer-Faust, AG, and Shanks, OC

Abstract

Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective and resource-efficient tool for gathering community-level public health information, including the incidence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater can potentially provide an early warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world's environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is increasing rapidly. However, there are no standardized protocols or harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can cause false-positive and false-negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater, culminating in recommended strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate some of these errors. Recommendations include stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, PCR inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly when the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater is low. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive results or results diverging from current trends (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It is also prudent to perform interlaboratory comparisons to ensure results' reliability and interpretability for prospective and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization and detection for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemi

Published
2021

23. Modelling rotavirus concentrations in rivers: Assessing Uganda's present and future microbial water quality

Author

Okaali, D.A., Kroeze, C., Medema, G., Burek, P., Murphy, H., Tumwebaze, I.K., Rose, J.B., Verbyla, M.E., Sewagudde, S., Hofstra, N., Okaali, D.A., Kroeze, C., Medema, G., Burek, P., Murphy, H., Tumwebaze, I.K., Rose, J.B., Verbyla, M.E., Sewagudde, S., and Hofstra, N.

Abstract

Faecal pathogens can be introduced into surface water through open defecation, illegal disposal and inadequate treatment of faecal sludge and wastewater. Despite sanitation improvements, poor countries are progressing slowly towards the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 6 by 2030. Sanitation-associated pathogenic contamination of surface waters impacted by future population growth, urbanization and climate change receive limited attention. Therefore, a model simulating human rotavirus river inputs and concentrations was developed combining population density, sanitation coverage, rotavirus incidence, wastewater treatment and environmental survival data, and applied to Uganda. Complementary surface runoff and river discharge data were used to produce spatially explicit rotavirus outputs for the year 2015 and for two scenarios in 2050. Urban open defecation contributed 87%, sewers 9% and illegal faecal sludge disposal 3% to the annual 15.6 log10 rotavirus river inputs in 2015. Monthly concentrations fell between -3.7 (Q5) and 2.6 (Q95) log10 particles per litre, with 1.0 and 2.0 median and mean log10 particles per litre, respectively. Spatially explicit outputs on 0.0833 × 0.0833° grids revealed hotspots as densely populated urban areas. Future population growth, urbanization and poor sanitation were stronger drivers of rotavirus concentrations in rivers than climate change. The model and scenario analysis can be applied to other locations.

Published
2021

27. Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected and confirmed COVID‐19: A multisite report from the COVED Quality Improvement Project for July 2020 (COVED‐3)

Author

O'Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Mitra, B, Akhlaghi, H, Tran, V, Furyk, J, Buntine, P, Bannon‐Murphy, H, Amos, T, Udaya Kumar, M, Perkins, E, Prentice, Alexandra, Szwarcberg, Olivia, Loughman, A, Lowry, N, Colwell, S, Noonan, MP, Hiller, R, Paton, A, Smit, D, and Cameron, PA

Subjects
Male, Cross Infection, Victoria, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, registry, Middle Aged, Quality Improvement, Tasmania, quality improvement, COVID-19 Testing, COVID‐19, Emergency, Humans, Female, Emergency Service, Hospital, isolation, Original Research
Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and clinical features of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with suspected and confirmed COVID‐19. Methods The COVID‐19 Emergency Department (COVED) Project is an ongoing prospective cohort study in Australian EDs. This analysis presents data from eight sites across Victoria and Tasmania for July 2020 (during Australia's ‘second wave’). All adult patients who met criteria for ‘suspected COVID‐19’ and underwent testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 in the ED were eligible for inclusion. Study outcomes included a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test result and mechanical ventilation. Results In the period 1 to 31 July 2020, there were 30 378 presentations to the participating EDs and 2917 (9.6%; 95% CI: 9.3–9.9) underwent testing for SARS‐CoV‐2. Of these, 50 (2%) patients returned a positive result. Among positive cases, two (4%) received mechanical ventilation during their hospital admission compared to 45 (2%) of the SARS‐CoV‐2 negative patients (OR 1.7 [95% CI: 0.4–7.3], p = 0.47). Two (4%) SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients died in hospital compared to 46 (2%) of the SARS‐CoV‐2 negative patients (OR 1.7 [0.4–7.1] p = 0.49). Strong clinical predictors of a positive result included self‐reported fever, non‐smoking status, bilateral infiltrates on CXR, and absence of a leucocytosis on first ED blood tests (p

Published
2020

28. Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected COVID‐19: Results from the first month of the COVED Quality Improvement Project (COVED‐2)

Author

O’Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Wu, J, Rajiv, P, Bannon‐Murphy, H, Amos, T, Brichko, L, Brennecke, H, Noonan, MP, Mitra, B, Paton, A, Hiller, R, Smit, D, Luckhoff, C, Santamaria, MJ, and Cameron, PA

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pneumonia, Viral, registry, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Risk Assessment, quality improvement, Cohort Studies, Tertiary Care Centers, COVID-19 Testing, Sex Factors, COVID‐19, Humans, Prospective Studies, Pandemics, Original Research, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Incidence, Age Factors, Australia, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Emergency, Female, Coronavirus Infections, Emergency Service, Hospital, isolation
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of ED patients with suspected and confirmed COVID-19.The COVID-19 Emergency Department (COVED) Project is an ongoing prospective cohort study that includes all adult patients presenting to The Alfred Hospital ED who undergo testing for SARS-CoV-2. Current guidelines recommend testing for patients with fevers or chills, acute respiratory symptoms or a high-risk exposure history, as well as implementation of infection prevention and control precautions for all suspected and confirmed cases. Study outcomes include a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and intensive respiratory support.In the period 1-30 April 2020, 702 of 3453 ED patients (20%; 95% CI 19-22) were tested, with a significant increase during the study period (incident rate ratio 1.019; 95% confidence interval 1.017-1.021, P 0.001). The primary outcome of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test was recorded in 14 patients (2%; 95% confidence interval 1-3). Shortness of breath (77%), fatigue (100%), myalgia (67%) and diarrhoea (67%) were common among positive cases, while close contact (9%), fever (0%) and healthcare occupation (0%) were not. No positive cases required intensive respiratory support in the ED.The volume of ED patients with suspected COVID-19 is increasing. Low numbers of positive cases precluded development of accurate predictive tools, but the COVED Project is fulfilling an important role in monitoring the burden of infection prevention and control requirements on the ED. The increasing number of patients meeting isolation criteria has the potential to impact on patient flow and may lead to ED overcrowding.

Published
2020

29. Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between healthcare workers during a period of diminished community prevalence of COVID-19

Author

Jones, N. K., Rivett, L., Sparkes, D., Forrest, S., Sridhar, S., Young, J., Pereira-Dias, J., Cormie, C., Gill, H., Reynolds, N., Wantoch, M., Routledge, M., Warne, B., Levy, J., Jimenez, W. D. C., Samad, F. N. B., Mcnicholas, C., Ferris, M., Gray, J., Gill, M., Curran, M. D., Fuller, S., Chaudhry, A., Shaw, A., Bradley, J. R., Hannon, G. J., Goodfellow, I. G., Dougan, G., Smith, K. G. C., Lehner, P. J., Wright, G., Matheson, N. J., Baker, S., Weekes, M. P., Bradley, J., Goodfellow, I., Gupta, R., Lyons, P. A., Torok, M. E., Toshner, M., Kean, I., Caddy, S., Caller, L., Feltwell, T., Hall, G., Hamilton, W., Hosmillo, M., Houldcroft, C., Jahun, A., Khokhar, F., Meredith, L., Yakovleva, A., Butcher, H., Caputo, D., Clapham-Riley, D., Dolling, H., Furlong, A., Graves, B., Gresley, E. L., Kingston, N., Papadia, S., Stark, H., Stirrups, K. E., Webster, J., Calder, J., Harris, J., Hewitt, S., Kennet, J., Meadows, A., Rastall, R., Brien, C. O., Price, J., Publico, C., Rowlands, J., Ruffolo, V., Tordesillas, H., Hannon, G., Brookes, K., Canna, L., Cruz, I., Dempsey, K., Elmer, A., Escoffery, N., Jones, H., Ribeiro, C., Saunders, C., Wright, A., Nyagumbo, R., Roberts, A., Bucke, A., Hargreaves, S., Johnson, D., Narcorda, A., Read, D., Sparke, C., Worboys, L., Lagadu, K., Mactavous, L., Gould, T., Raine, T., Mather, C., Ramenatte, N., Vallier, A. -L., Kasanicki, M., Eames, P. -J., Thake, L., Bartholomew, N., Brown, N., Curran, M., Parmar, S., Zhang, H., Bowring, A., Martell, G., Quinnell, N., Wright, J., Murphy, H., Dunmore, B. J., Legchenko, E., Graf, S., Huang, C., Hodgson, J., Hunter, K., Martin, J., Mescia, F., Odonnell, C., Pointon, L., Shih, J., Sutcliffe, R., Tilly, T., Tong, Z., Treacy, C., Wood, J., Bergamaschi, L., Betancourt, A., Bowyer, G., De Sa, A., Epping, M., Hinch, A., Huhn, O., Jarvis, I., Lewis, D., Marsden, J., Mccallum, S., Nice, F., Omarjee, O., Perera, M., Romashova, N., Strezlecki, M., Yarkoni, N. S., Turner, L., Bailey, B., Doughton, R., Workman, C., Trotter, C., David, W., Jimenez, C., Jones, Nick K [0000-0003-4475-7761], Sridhar, Sushmita [0000-0001-7453-7482], Hannon, Gregory J [0000-0003-4021-3898], Goodfellow, Ian G [0000-0002-9483-510X], Lehner, Paul J [0000-0001-9383-1054], Matheson, Nicholas J [0000-0002-3318-1851], Weekes, Michael P [0000-0003-3196-5545], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Infectious Disease Transmission, global health, Occupational safety and health, Hospitals, University, Patient-to-Professional, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID-19 Testing, Patient Admission, Nasopharynx, Pandemic, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Medicine, Infection control, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Biology (General), Family Characteristics, General Neuroscience, Infectious, human biology, virus diseases, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hospitals, 3. Good health, virology, Community-Acquired Infections, Occupational Diseases, England, epidemiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Symptom Assessment, Coronavirus Infections, Hospital Units, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional, QH301-705.5, Health Personnel, infectious disease, Science, Pneumonia, Viral, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Asymptomatic, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Disease Transmission, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, human, Human Biology and Medicine, Hospitals, Teaching, Pandemics, Mass screening, Asymptomatic Diseases, emerging pathogens, University, Infection Control, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, SARS-CoV-2, Teaching, COVID-19, Pneumonia, medicine, occupational health, Contact Tracing, Program Evaluation, 030104 developmental biology, Epidemiology and Global Health, Emergency medicine, business, Research Advance, Contact tracing
Abstract

Previously, we showed that 3% (31/1032)of asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) from a large teaching hospital in Cambridge, UK, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in April 2020. About 15% (26/169) HCWs with symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Rivett et al., 2020). Here, we show that the proportion of both asymptomatic and symptomatic HCWs testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 rapidly declined to near-zero between 25th April and 24th May 2020, corresponding to a decline in patient admissions with COVID-19 during the ongoing UK ‘lockdown’. These data demonstrate how infection prevention and control measures including staff testing may help prevent hospitals from becoming independent ‘hubs’ of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and illustrate how, with appropriate precautions, organizations in other sectors may be able to resume on-site work safely.

Published
2020

30. Screening of healthcare workers for SARS-CoV-2 highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage in COVID-19 transmission

Author

Rivett, L., Sridhar, S., Sparkes, D., Routledge, M., Jones, N. K., Forrest, S., Young, J., Pereira-Dias, J., Hamilton, W. L., Ferris, M., Torok, M. E., Meredith, L., Curran, M. D., Fuller, S., Chaudhry, A., Shaw, A., Samworth, R. J., Bradley, J. R., Dougan, G., Smith, K. G. C., Lehner, P. J., Matheson, N. J., Wright, G., Goodfellow, I. G., Baker, S., Weekes, M. P., Lyons, P. A., Toshner, M., Warne, B., Scott, J. B., Cormie, C., Gill, H., Kean, I., Maes, M., Reynolds, N., Wantoch, M., Caddy, S., Caller, L., Feltwell, T., Hall, G., Hosmillo, M., Houldcroft, C., Jahun, A., Khokhar, F., Yakovleva, A., Butcher, H., Caputo, D., Clapham-Riley, D., Dolling, H., Furlong, A., Graves, B., Gresley, E. L., Kingston, N., Papadia, S., Stark, H., Stirrups, K. E., Webster, J., Calder, J., Harris, J., Hewitt, S., Kennet, J., Meadows, A., Rastall, R., Brien, C. O., Price, J., Publico, C., Rowlands, J., Ruffolo, V., Tordesillas, H., Brookes, K., Canna, L., Cruz, I., Dempsey, K., Elmer, A., Escoffery, N., Jones, H., Ribeiro, C., Saunders, C., Wright, A., Nyagumbo, R., Roberts, A., Bucke, A., Hargreaves, S., Johnson, D., Narcorda, A., Read, D., Sparke, C., Warboys, L., Lagadu, K., Mactavous, L., Gould, T., Raine, T., Mather, C., Ramenatte, N., Vallier, A. -L., Kasanicki, M., Eames, P. -J., Mcnicholas, C., Thake, L., Bartholomew, N., Brown, N., Parmar, S., Zhang, H., Bowring, A., Martell, G., Quinnell, N., Wright, J., Murphy, H., Dunmore, B. J., Legchenko, E., Graf, S., Huang, C., Hodgson, J., Hunter, K., Martin, J., Mescia, F., O'Donnell, C., Pointon, L., Shih, J., Sutcliffe, R., Tilly, T., Tong, Z., Treacy, C., Wood, J., Bergamaschi, L., Betancourt, A., Bowyer, G., A. D., Sa, Epping, M., Hinch, A., Huhn, O., Jarvis, I., Lewis, D., Marsden, J., Mccallum, S., Nice, F., Rivett, Lucy [0000-0002-2781-9345], Lehner, Paul J [0000-0001-9383-1054], Matheson, Nicholas J [0000-0002-3318-1851], Goodfellow, Ian G [0000-0002-9483-510X], Weekes, Michael P [0000-0003-3196-5545], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine, global health, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID-19 Testing, Epidemiology, Pandemic, Health care, Infection control, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Biology (General), Asymptomatic Infections, Nose, 0303 health sciences, Transmission (medicine), COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, emerging pathogens, epidemiology, human, human biology, infectious disease, occupational health, virology, virus, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19 Vaccines, Coronavirus Infections, Female, Humans, Infection Control, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, United Kingdom, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Health Personnel, General Neuroscience, virus diseases, General Medicine, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.symptom, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), QH301-705.5, Science, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), education, Asymptomatic, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Throat, Infectious disease (athletes), Human Biology and Medicine, 030304 developmental biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Pneumonia, 030104 developmental biology, Epidemiology and Global Health, Carriage, business
Abstract

Significant differences exist in the availability of healthcare worker (HCW) SARS-CoV-2 testing between countries, and existing programmes focus on screening symptomatic rather than asymptomatic staff. Over a 3 week period (April 2020), 1032 asymptomatic HCWs were screened for SARS-CoV-2 in a large UK teaching hospital. Symptomatic staff and symptomatic household contacts were additionally tested. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect viral RNA from a throat+nose self-swab. 3% of HCWs in the asymptomatic screening group tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. 17/30 (57%) were truly asymptomatic/pauci-symptomatic. 12/30 (40%) had experienced symptoms compatible with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)>7 days prior to testing, most self-isolating, returning well. Clusters of HCW infection were discovered on two independent wards. Viral genome sequencing showed that the majority of HCWs had the dominant lineage B∙1. Our data demonstrates the utility of comprehensive screening of HCWs with minimal or no symptoms. This approach will be critical for protecting patients and hospital staff., eLife digest Patients admitted to NHS hospitals are now routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), and isolated from other patients if necessary. Yet healthcare workers, including frontline patient-facing staff such as doctors, nurses and physiotherapists, are only tested and excluded from work if they develop symptoms of the illness. However, there is emerging evidence that many people infected with SARS-CoV-2 never develop significant symptoms: these people will therefore be missed by ‘symptomatic-only’ testing. There is also important data showing that around half of all transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 happen before the infected individual even develops symptoms. This means that much broader testing programs are required to spot people when they are most infectious. Rivett, Sridhar, Sparkes, Routledge et al. set out to determine what proportion of healthcare workers was infected with SARS-CoV-2 while also feeling generally healthy at the time of testing. Over 1,000 staff members at a large UK hospital who felt they were well enough to work, and did not fit the government criteria for COVID-19 infection, were tested. Amongst these, 3% were positive for SARS-CoV-2. On closer questioning, around one in five reported no symptoms, two in five very mild symptoms that they had dismissed as inconsequential, and a further two in five reported COVID-19 symptoms that had stopped more than a week previously. In parallel, healthcare workers with symptoms of COVID-19 (and their household contacts) who were self-isolating were also tested, in order to allow those without the virus to quickly return to work and bolster a stretched workforce. Finally, the rates of infection were examined to probe how the virus could have spread through the hospital and among staff – and in particular, to understand whether rates of infection were greater among staff working in areas devoted to COVID-19 patients. Despite wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, healthcare workers in these areas were almost three times more likely to test positive than those working in areas without COVID-19 patients. However, it is not clear whether this genuinely reflects greater rates of patients passing the infection to staff. Staff may give the virus to each other, or even acquire it at home. Overall, this work implies that hospitals need to be vigilant and introduce broad screening programmes across their workforces. It will be vital to establish such approaches before ‘lockdown’ is fully lifted, so healthcare institutions are prepared for any second peak of infections.

Published
2020

31. Epidemiology and clinical features of emergency department patients with suspected and confirmedCOVID-19: A multisite report from theCOVID-19 Emergency DepartmentQuality Improvement Project for July 2020 (COVED-3)

Author

O'Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Mitra, B, Akhlaghi, H, Viet, T, Furyk, JS, Buntine, P, Bannon-Murphy, H, Amos, T, Udaya Kumar, M, Perkins, E, Prentice, A, Szwarcberg, O, Loughman, A, Lowry, N, Colwell, S, Noonan, MP, Hiller, R, Paton, A, Smit, DV, Cameron, PA, O'Reilly, GM, Mitchell, RD, Mitra, B, Akhlaghi, H, Viet, T, Furyk, JS, Buntine, P, Bannon-Murphy, H, Amos, T, Udaya Kumar, M, Perkins, E, Prentice, A, Szwarcberg, O, Loughman, A, Lowry, N, Colwell, S, Noonan, MP, Hiller, R, Paton, A, Smit, DV, and Cameron, PA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiology and clinical features of patients presenting to the ED with suspected and confirmed COVID-19. METHODS: The COVID-19 ED (COVED) Project is an ongoing prospective cohort study in Australian EDs. This analysis presents data from eight sites across Victoria and Tasmania for July 2020 (during Australia's 'second wave'). All adult patients who met criteria for 'suspected COVID-19' and underwent testing for SARS-CoV-2 in the ED were eligible for inclusion. Study outcomes included a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: In the period 1 July to 31 July 2020, there were 30 378 presentations to the participating EDs and 2917 (9.6%; 95% confidence interval 9.3-9.9) underwent testing for SARS-CoV-2. Of these, 50 (2%) patients returned a positive result. Among positive cases, two (4%) received mechanical ventilation during their hospital admission compared to 45 (2%) of the SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (odds ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 0.4-7.3; P = 0.47). Two (4%) SARS-CoV-2 positive patients died in hospital compared to 46 (2%) of the SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (odds ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 0.4-7.1; P = 0.49). Strong clinical predictors of a positive SARS-CoV-2 result included self-reported fever, non-smoking status, bilateral infiltrates on chest X-ray and absence of a leucocytosis on first ED blood tests (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In this prospective multi-site study from July 2020, a substantial proportion of ED patients required SARS-CoV-2 testing, isolation and enhanced infection prevention and control precautions. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal swab was not associated with death or mechanical ventilation.

Published
2020

35. Identification of symbol digit modality test score extremes in Huntington's disease

Author

Braisch, U, Muche, R, Rothenbacher, D, Landwehrmeyer, GB, Long, JD, Bentivoglio, AR, Biunno, I, Bonelli, RM, Dunnett, SB, Illmann, T, Levey, J, Ramos-Arroyo, M, Nielsen, JE, Paivarinta, M, Sebastian, AR, Tabrizi, SJ, Vandenberghe, W, Uhrova, T, Come, A, Garde, MB, Betz, S, Capodarca, S, Wildson, SC, da Silva, V, Di Renzo, M, Finisterra, M, Genoves, C, Gilling, M, Handley, OJ, Hvalstedt, C, Koppers, K, Lamanna, C, Laura, M, Descals, AM, Monza, D, Mutze, L, Oehmen, M, Padieu, H, Paterski, L, Koivisto, SP, Rindal, B, Roren, N, Sasinkova, P, Seliverstov, Y, Timewell, E, Cubillo, PT, van Walsem, MR, Witjes-Ane, MN, Yudina, E, Zielonka, E, Zinzi, P, Braunwarth, EM, Brugger, F, Buratti, L, Hametner, EM, Hepperger, C, Holas, C, Hotter, A, Hussl, A, Larcher, B, Mahlknecht, P, Muller, C, Pinter, B, Poewe, W, Seppi, K, Sprenger, F, Wenning, G, Dupuis, M, Minet, C, Ribai, P, Van Paemel, D, Verellen-Dumoulin, C, Klempir, J, Majerova, V, Roth, J, Babiloni, B, Debruxelles, S, Duche, C, Goizet, C, Jameau, L, Lafoucriere, D, Spampinato, U, Bachoud-Levi, AC, Boisse, MF, de Langavant, LC, Lemoine, L, Morgado, G, Youssov, K, Annic, A, Barthelemy, R, De Bruycker, C, Cabaret, M, Carette, AS, Carriere, N, Decorte, E, Defebvre, L, Delliaux, M, Delval, A, Depelchin, A, Destee, A, Dewulf-Pasz, N, Dondaine, T, Dugauquier, F, Dujardin, K, Lemaire, MH, Manouvrier, S, Peter, M, Plomhause, L, Sablonniere, B, Simonin, C, Tard, C, Thibault-Tanchou, S, Vuillaume, I, Bellonet, M, Benoit, A, Blin, S, Courtin, F, Duru, C, Fasquel, V, Godefroy, O, Krystkowiak, P, Mantaux, B, Roussel, M, Tir, M, Schuler, B, Wannepain, S, Azulay, JP, Chabot, C, Delfini, M, Eusebio, A, Fluchere, F, Grosjean, H, Mundler, L, Nowak, M, Bioux, S, Bliaux, E, Girard, C, Guyant-Marechal, L, Hannequin, D, Hannier, V, Jourdain, S, Maltete, D, Pouliquen, D, Blondeau, L, Calvas, F, Cheriet, S, Delabaere, H, Demonet, JF, Pariente, J, Pierre, M, Beuth, M, Gelderblom, H, Priller, J, Pruss, H, Spruth, E, Thiel, S, Ellrichmannberlin, G, Herrmann, L, Hoffmann, R, Kaminski, B, Saft, C, Bosredon, C, Hunger, U, Lohle, M, Maass, A, Ossig, C, Schmidt, S, Storch, A, Wolz, A, Wolz, M, Kohl, Z, Kozay, C, Ullah, J, Winkler, J, Bergmann, U, Boringer, R, Capetian, P, Kammel, G, Lambeck, J, Meier, S, Rijntjes, M, Zucker, B, Boelmans, K, Ganos, C, Goerendt, I, Heinicke, W, Hidding, U, Munchau, A, Schmalfeld, J, Stubbe, L, Zittel, S, Diercks, G, Dressler, D, Francis, F, Gayde-Stephan, S, Gorzolla, H, Kramer, B, Minschke, R, Schrader, C, Tacik, P, Longinus, B, Lusebrink, A, Muhlau, M, Peinemann, A, Stadtler, M, Weindl, A, Winkelmann, J, Ziegler, C, Bechtel, N, Beckmann, H, Bohlen, S, Gopfert, N, Holzner, E, Lange, H, Reilmann, R, Rohm, S, Rumpf, S, Sass, C, Schepers, S, Weber, N, Barth, K, Buck, A, Connemann, J, Ecker, D, Geitner, C, Held, C, Kesse, A, Landwehrmeyer, B, Lezius, F, Lewerenz, J, Nepper, S, Niess, A, Orth, M, Schneider, A, Schwenk, D, Sussmuth, S, Trautmann, S, Weydt, P, Klebe, S, Musacchio, T, Leypold, C, Noth, K, Cormio, C, de Tommaso, M, Franco, G, Sciruicchio, V, Serpino, C, Calandra-Buonaura, G, Capellari, S, Cortelli, P, Gallassi, R, Poda, R, Sambati, L, Scaglione, C, Maserati, MS, Agosti, C, Barlati, S, Compostella, S, Marchina, E, Padovani, A, Bertini, E, Ghelli, E, Ginestroni, A, Mechi, C, Paganini, M, Piacentini, S, Pradella, S, Romoli, AM, Sorbi, S, Abbruzzese, G, di Poggio, MB, Ferrandes, G, Mandich, P, Marchese, R, Tamburini, T, Baake, V, van den Bogaard, SJA, Bos, R, Dumas, EM, t'Hart, EP, Kampstra, A, Roos, RAC, Schoonderbeek, A, Aaserud, O, Bjorgo, K, Borgeod, N, Dramstad, E, Fannemel, M, Frich, JC, Gorvell, PF, Heiberg, A, Lorentzen, E, Retterstol, L, Rosby, O, Sikiric, A, Stokke, B, van Walsem, M, Wehus, R, Bjornevoll, I, Sando, SB, Haug, MG, Storseth, HH, Arntsen, V, Dziadkiewicz, A, Konkel, A, Narozanska, E, Robowski, P, Sitek, E, Slawek, J, Soltan, W, Szinwelski, M, Arkuszewski, M, Blaszczyk, M, Boczarska-Jedynak, M, Ciach-Wysocka, E, Gorzkowska, A, Nska-Myga, BJ, Kaczmarczyk, A, Klodowska-Duda, G, Opala, G, Stompel, D, Banaszkiewicz, K, Bocwinska, D, Bojakowska-Jaremek, K, Dec, M, Grabska, N, Krawczyk, GM, Kubowicz, E, Malec-Litwinowicz, M, Rudzinska, M, Stenwak, A, Szczudlik, A, Szczygiel, E, Wojcik, M, Wasielewska, A, Bryl, JAA, Ciesielska, A, Klimberg, A, Marcinkowski, J, Samara, H, Sempolowicz, J, Sniewski, BW, Zielonka, D, Gogol, A, Janik, P, Jamrozik, Z, Kaminska, A, Kwiecinski, H, Antczak, J, Jachinska, K, Krysa, W, Rakowicz, M, Richter, P, Rola, R, Ryglewicz, D, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, H, Stepniak, I, Sulek, A, Witkowski, G, Zaremba, J, Zdzienicka, E, Ziora-Jakutowicz, K, Januario, C, Julio, F, Guedes, LC, Coelho, M, Finisterra, AM, Ferreira, JJ, Mestre, T, Mendes, T, Rosa, MM, Valadas, A, Kopishinskaya, S, Korotysh, M, Herrera, CD, Moreno, PG, Bas, J, Busquets, N, Calopa, M, Classen, SJ, Dedicha, NR, Buongiorno, MT, Maria, ADS, Munoz, E, Santacruz, P, Barbera, MA, Pardo, SA, Guia, DB, Calzado, N, Hernanz, LC, Diaz-Zorita, JPT, Catena, JL, Ferrer, PQ, Carruesco, GT, Robert, MF, Viladrich, CM, Roca, E, Idiago, JMR, Riballo, AV, Campolongo, A, de Bobadilla, RF, Bojarsky, JK, Martinez-Horta, S, Pagonabarraga, J, Perez, JP, Ribosa, R, Villa, C, Gil, MAA, Corrales, KB, Esteban, JCG, Gonzalez, A, Merino, BT, Cubo, E, Polo, CG, Mariscal, N, Romero, SG, Arbelo, JM, de Molina, RM, Martin, I, Perianez, JM, Udaeta, B, Alonso-Frech, F, Frades, B, Villanueva, MA, Sevilla, MAZ, Frech, FA, Fenollar, MD, Garcia, RGR, Villanueva, C, Bascunana, M, Ventura, MF, Ribas, GG, de Yebenes, JG, Moreno, JLLS, Barral, VM, Ruiz, PJG, Garcia, A, Lopez, RG, Barcenas, AH, Martinez-Descals, A, Martin, VP, Martinez, NR, Artiga, MJS, Sanchez, V, Pueyo, A, Gonzalez, S, Guisasola, LM, Ribacoba, MPPR, Salvador, C, Lozano, PS, Caldentey, JG, Ramirez, IL, Arques, PN, Lopera, MR, Pastor, BV, Gaston, I, Garcia-Amigot, F, Martinez-Jaurrieta, MD, Ramos-Arroyo, MA, Carrillo, F, Redondo, MTC, Mir, P, Gonzalez, LV, Moreno, JMG, Lucena, CM, Pena, JC, Redondo, L, Sanchez, VS, Fernandez, CM, Mata, MP, Lemos, MDR, Bosca, M, Burguera, JA, Vilaplana, FCBCP, Solis, P, Figuerola, BJ, Palanca, PM, Berglund, P, Constantinescu, R, Fredlund, G, Hosterey-Ugander, U, Linnsand, P, Neleborn-Lingefjard, L, Wahlstrom, J, Palhagen, S, Svenningsson, P, Paucar, M, Wallden, T, Ekwall, C, Goller, ML, Sundblom, J, Stebler, Y, Kaelin, A, Romero, I, Schupbach, M, Zaugg, SW, Jung, H, Petersen, J, Auer, M, Mihaylova, V, Vernon, N, Akhtar, S, Crooks, J, Curtis, A, de Souza, J, Piedad, J, Rickards, H, Wright, J, Pallett, A, Coulthard, E, Gethin, L, Hayward, B, Sieradzan, K, Wright, A, Busse, M, Butcher, C, Dunnett, S, Clenaghan, C, Hunt, S, Jones, L, Jones, U, Khalil, H, Minster, S, Owen, M, Price, K, Townhill, J, Rosser, A, Edwards, M, Ho, C, McGill, M, Porteous, M, Pearson, P, Harrower, T, Irvine, S, Brockie, P, Foster, J, Johns, N, McKenzie, S, Rothery, J, Thomas, G, Yates, S, Deith, C, Ireland, J, Ritchie, S, Andrew, A, Frost, J, Noad, R, Cosgrove, J, Gallantree, D, Hamer, S, Hobson, E, Jamieson, S, Kraus, A, Longthorpe, M, Markova, I, Musgrave, H, Peacy, C, Raman, A, Rowett, L, Toscano, J, Wild, S, Yardumian, P, Clayton, C, Dipple, H, Freire-Patino, D, Hallam, C, Middleton, J, Alusi, S, Davies, R, Foy, K, Gerrans, E, Leggett, H, Pate, L, Anjum, U, Coebergh, J, Eddy, C, McEntagart, M, Patton, M, Peterson, M, Rose, S, Andrews, T, Brown, S, Bruno, S, Doherty, K, Golding, C, Haider, S, Hensman, D, Lahiri, N, Lewis, M, Novak, M, Patel, A, Robertson, N, Rosser, E, Tabrizi, S, Taylor, R, Warner, T, Wild, E, Arran, N, Bek, J, Callaghan, J, Craufurd, D, Fullam, R, Howard, L, Huson, S, Johnson, L, Jones, M, Krishnamoorthy, A, Murphy, H, Oughton, E, Partington-Jones, L, Rogers, D, Sollom, A, Snowden, J, Stopford, C, Thompson, J, Tinkler, P, Trender-Gerhard, I, Verstraelen, N, Westmoreland, L, Cass, G, Davidson, L, Davison, J, Fullerton, N, Holmes, K, Komati, S, McDonnell, S, Mohammed, Z, Morgan, K, Savage, L, Singh, B, Wood, J, Chu, E, Knight, C, O'Neill, M, Das Purkayastha, D, Nemeth, AH, Siuda, G, Valentine, R, Dixon, K, Armstrong, R, Harrison, D, Hughes, M, Large, S, Donovan, JO, Palmer, A, Parkinson, A, Soltysiak, B, Timings, L, Williams, J, Burn, J, Weekes, R, Craven, J, Bailey, W, Coleman, C, Haig-Brown, D, Simpson, S, Hare, M, Majeed, T, Bandmann, O, Bradbury, A, Fairtlough, H, Fillingham, K, Foustanos, I, Gill, P, Kazoka, M, Nevitt, L, Peppa, N, Quarrell, O, Taylor, C, Tidswell, K, O'Donovan, K, Agarwal, V, Anderson, M, Gunner, K, Harris, K, Hayward, E, Heywood, M, Keys, L, Kipps, C, MacKinnon, L, Smalley, S, Gowers, L, Powell, K, Bethwaite, P, Edwards, R, Fuller, K, Phillips, M, Tan, L, Burgunder, JM, Lau, PN, Pica, E, Shoulson, I, Gusella, JG, Antonijevic, I, vankammen, D, Foroud, T, Warner, J, Giuliano, J, Vetter, L, Marshall, F, Marder, K, Frucht, S, Moskowitz, C, Clouse, R, Wasserman, P, Shannon, K, Jaglin, J, Jankovic, J, Palao, A, Harrison, M, Singer, C, Quesada, M, Hersch, S, Rosas, D, Tanev, K, Malarick, K, Colcher, A, Sanchez-Ramos, J, Kostyk, S, Paulsen, J, Perlmutter, J, Tabbal, S, Ross, C, Dorsey, R, Nucifora, F, Dubinsky, R, Dubinsky, H, Suchowersky, O, Klimek, ML, Jones, R, Morgan, J, Mohlo, E, Kang, U, Agarwal, P, Factor, S, Jennings, D, Higgins, D, Adams, J, Frank, S, Saint-Hilaire, M, Diggin, M, Furtado, S, Walker, F, O'Neill, C, Quaid, K, LeDoux, M, Raymond, L, Leavitt, B, Decolongon, J, Perlman, S, Peavy, G, Goldstein, J, Kumar, R, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, Wheelock, V, Tempkin, T, Martin, A, Nance, M, Mallonee, W, Suter, G, Revilla, F, Gartner, M, Drazinic, C, Fitzpatrick, MJ, Panisset, M, Duff, K, Scott, B, Weiner, W, Robottom, B, Chiu, E, Yastrubetskaya, O, Churchyard, A, Greenamyre, TJ, Oakes, D, Beck, C, Robertson, S, Eaton, K, Lindsay, P, Deuel, L, MacDonald, M, Hickey, C, Muratori, L, Leserman, A, Doucette, N, Uc, E, Rodnitzky, R, Vik, S, Davis, R, Dietrich, S, Segro, V, Erickson, D, Hunt, V, Lucarelli, N, Broyles, J, Delarosa, J, Louis, E, Panegyres, P, Schmidt, A, Barton, S, Sperin, E, Testa, C, Thiede, F, Zauber, SE, McInnis, R, Welsh, C, Wesson, M, Coleman, A, and European Commission

Subjects
Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, COHORT, Cox hazard model, quantile regression, REGISTRY, symbol digit modalities test, Genotype, Neuropsychological Tests, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Huntington's disease, Rating scale, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Verbal fluency test, Longitudinal Studies, Genetics (clinical), Proportional Hazards Models, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Huntington Disease, Phenotype, Test score, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, Observational study, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stroop effect, Clinical psychology
Abstract

REGISTRY Investigators of the European Huntington's Disease Network and COHORT Investigators of the Huntington Study Group., Studying individuals with extreme phenotypes could facilitate the understanding of disease modification by genetic or environmental factors. Our aim was to identify Huntington's disease (HD) patients with extreme symbol digit modality test (SDMT) scores. We first examined in HD the contribution of cognitive measures of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) in predicting clinical endpoints. The language-independent SDMT was used to identify patients performing very well or very poorly relative to their CAG and age cohort. We used data from REGISTRY and COHORT observational study participants (5,603 HD participants with CAG repeats above 39 with 13,868 visits) and of 1,006 healthy volunteers (with 2,241 visits), included to identify natural aging and education effects on cognitive measures. Separate Cox proportional hazards models with CAG, age at study entry, education, sex, UHDRS total motor score and cognitive (SDMT, verbal fluency, Stroop tests) scores as covariates were used to predict clinical endpoints. Quantile regression for longitudinal language-independent SDMT data was used for boundary (2.5% and 97.5% quantiles) estimation and extreme score analyses stratified by age, education, and CAG repeat length. Ten percent of HD participants had an extreme SDMT phenotype for at least one visit. In contrast, only about 3% of participants were consistent SDMT extremes at two or more visits. The thresholds for the one-visit and two-visit extremes can be used to classify existing and new individuals. The identification of these phenotype extremes can be useful in the search for disease modifiers., This work was in part funded by a grant from the EuropeanCommission under the 7th framework programme (RD-Connect, grantagreement number 305444).

Published
2019

41. Business travel-associated illness: a GeoSentinel analysis

Author

Chen, L. H., Leder, K., Barbre, K. A., Schlagenhauf, P., Libman, M., Keystone, J., Mendelson, M., Gautret, P., Schwartz, E., Shaw, M., Macdonald, S., Mccarthy, A., Connor, B. A., Esposito, D. H., Hamer, D., Wilson, M. E., von Sonnenburg, F., Rothe, C., Kain, K., Boggild, A., Cramer, J., Jordan, S., Vinnemeier, C., Yansouni, C., Chappuis, F., Caumes, E., Perignon, A., Torresi, J., Kanagawa, S., Kato, Y., Grobusch, M., Goorhuis, B., Javelle, E., Kozarsky, P., Wu, H., Yoshimura, Y., Tachikawa, N., Lim, P. -L., Piyaphanee, W., Silachamroon, U., Murphy, H., Pandey, P., Asgeirsson, H., Glans, H., Jensenius, M., Borwein, S., Hale, D., Leung, D., Benson, S., van Genderen, P., Hynes, N., Weber, R., Stauffer, W., Walker, P., Haulman, J., Roesel, D., Mockenhaupt, F., Harms-Zwingenberger, G., Rapp, C., Ficko, C., Vincent, P., Castelli, F., Matteelli, A., Anderson, S., Yates, J., Licitra, C., Klochko, A., Gkrania-Klotsas, E., Warne, B., Lopez-Velez, R., Norman, F., Vincelette, J., Barkati, S., Cahill, J., Mckinley, G., Phu, P. T. H., Perez, C. P., Lalloo, D., Beeching, N., Coyle, C., Hajek, J., Ghesquiere, W., Siu, H., Valdez, L. M., Kelly, P., Hagmann, S., Barnett, E., Hochberg, N., Malvy, D., Duvignaud, A., Kuhn, S., Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), APH - Aging & Later Life, Infectious diseases, APH - Global Health, AII - Infectious diseases, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), University of Zurich, and Chen, Lin H

Subjects
Male, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Travel medicine, Business, 030212 general & internal medicine, Travel, Commerce, General Medicine, Death, Diarrhea, Malaria, Occupational medicine, Vaccine-preventable disease, Adult, Africa South of the Sahara, Aged, Asia, Europe, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, North America, Occupational Medicine, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Young Adult, Sentinel Surveillance, 3. Good health, Chemoprophylaxis, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, 610 Medicine & health, Typhoid fever, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, medicine, business.industry, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), 2739 Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 2725 Infectious Diseases, medicine.disease, Family medicine, Tropical medicine, Rabies, business, human activities
Abstract

Background Analysis of a large cohort of business travelers will help clinicians focus on frequent and serious illnesses. We aimed to describe travel-related health problems in business travelers. Methods GeoSentinel Surveillance Network consists of 64 travel and tropical medicine clinics in 29 countries; descriptive analysis was performed on ill business travelers, defined as persons traveling for work, evaluated after international travel 1 January 1997 through 31 December 2014. Results Among 12 203 business travelers seen 1997–2014 (14 045 eligible diagnoses), the majority (97%) were adults aged 20–64 years; most (74%) reported from Western Europe or North America; two-thirds were male. Most (86%) were outpatients. Fewer than half (45%) reported a pre-travel healthcare encounter. Frequent regions of exposure were sub-Saharan Africa (37%), Southeast Asia (15%) and South Central Asia (14%). The most frequent diagnoses were malaria (9%), acute unspecified diarrhea (8%), viral syndrome (6%), acute bacterial diarrhea (5%) and chronic diarrhea (4%). Species was reported for 973 (90%) of 1079 patients with malaria, predominantly Plasmodium falciparum acquired in sub-Saharan Africa. Of 584 (54%) with malaria chemoprophylaxis information, 92% took none or incomplete courses. Thirteen deaths were reported, over half of which were due to malaria; others succumbed to pneumonia, typhoid fever, rabies, melioidosis and pyogenic abscess. Conclusions Diarrheal illness was a major cause of morbidity. Malaria contributed substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. Underuse or non-use of chemoprophylaxis contributed to malaria cases. Deaths in business travelers could be reduced by improving adherence to malaria chemoprophylaxis and targeted vaccination for vaccine-preventable diseases. Pre-travel advice is indicated for business travelers and is currently under-utilized and needs improvement.

Published
2018

43. Escherichia coli survival and transfer in estuarine bed sediments

Author

Schang, C., Lintern, A., Cook, P. L.M., Rooney, G., Coleman, R., Murphy, H. M., Deletic, A., McCarthy, D., Schang, C., Lintern, A., Cook, P. L.M., Rooney, G., Coleman, R., Murphy, H. M., Deletic, A., and McCarthy, D.

Abstract

Bed sediment resuspension is a potential source of faecal microorganisms in the water column of estuaries. As such, it is important to identify the survival of faecal microorganisms in these bed sediments and understand how bed sediment resuspension impacts the quality of estuarine waters. This study explores the effect of bed sediment resuspension on Escherichia coli concentrations in the water column and the persistence of E. coli in the water column and bed sediments of the Yarra River estuary in South-Eastern Australia. Using sediment cores, we identified that the resuspension of both surficial sediments (e.g., by tidal movements) and deeper bed sediments (e.g., by large storm events) can increase E. coli concentrations in the water column by up to 20 times in estuaries in oceanic climates. Bed sediment resuspension can result in increased E. coli concentrations in the water column even up to 24 days after E. coli first enters the estuarine water. This study demonstrates that faecal microorganisms, such as E. coli, can persist for extended periods in estuarine bed sediments, which may then be re-entrained into the water column via recreational activities, high flow events, or tidal fluctuations. If the survival and resuspension processes observed here hold true for pathogenic microorganisms, the resuspension of bed sediments may indeed represent an increased public health risk.

Published
2018

44. Prevalence and architecture of de novo mutations in developmental disorders

Author

McRae, JF, Clayton, S, Fitzgerald, TW, Kaplanis, J, Prigmore, E, Rajan, D, Sifrim, A, Aitken, S, Akawi, N, Alvi, M, Ambridge, K, Barrett, DM, Bayzetinova, T, Jones, P, Jones, WD, King, D, Krishnappa, N, Mason, LE, Singh, T, Tivey, AR, Ahmed, M, Anjum, U, Archer, H, Armstrong, R, Awada, J, Balasubramanian, M, Banka, S, Baralle, D, Barnicoat, A, Batstone, P, Baty, D, Bennett, C, Berg, J, Bernhard, B, Bevan, AP, Bitner-Glindzicz, M, Blair, E, Blyth, M, Bohanna, D, Bourdon, L, Bourn, D, Bradley, L, Brady, A, Brent, S, Brewer, C, Brunstrom, K, Bunyan, DJ, Burn, J, Canham, N, Castle, B, Chandler, K, Chatzimichali, E, Cilliers, D, Clarke, A, Clasper, S, Clayton-Smith, J, Clowes, V, Coates, A, Cole, T, Colgiu, I, Collins, A, Collinson, MN, Connell, F, Cooper, N, Cox, H, Cresswell, L, Cross, G, Crow, Y, D’Alessandro, M, Dabir, T, Davidson, R, Davies, S, de Vries, D, Dean, J, Deshpande, C, Devlin, G, Dixit, A, Dobbie, A, Donaldson, A, Donnai, D, Donnelly, D, Donnelly, C, Douglas, A, Douzgou, S, Duncan, A, Eason, J, Ellard, S, Ellis, I, Elmslie, F, Evans, K, Everest, S, Fendick, T, Fisher, R, Flinter, F, Foulds, N, Fry, A, Fryer, A, Gardiner, C, Gaunt, L, Ghali, N, Gibbons, R, Gill, H, Goodship, J, Goudie, D, Gray, E, Green, A, Greene, P, Greenhalgh, L, Gribble, S, Harrison, R, Harrison, L, Harrison, V, Hawkins, R, He, L, Hellens, S, Henderson, A, Hewitt, S, Hildyard, L, Hobson, E, Holden, S, Holder, M, Holder, S, Hollingsworth, G, Homfray, T, Humphreys, M, Hurst, J, Hutton, B, Ingram, S, Irving, M, Islam, L, Jackson, A, Jarvis, J, Jenkins, L, Johnson, D, Jones, E, Josifova, D, Joss, S, Kaemba, B, Kazembe, S, Kelsell, R, Kerr, B, Kingston, H, Kini, U, Kinning, E, Kirby, G, Kirk, C, Kivuva, E, Kraus, A, Kumar, D, Kumar, VKA, Lachlan, K, Lam, W, Lampe, A, Langman, C, Lees, M, Lim, D, Longman, C, Lowther, G, Lynch, SA, Magee, A, Maher, E, Male, A, Mansour, S, Marks, K, Martin, K, Maye, U, McCann, E, McConnell, V, McEntagart, M, McGowan, R, McKay, K, McKee, S, McMullan, DJ, McNerlan, S, McWilliam, C, Mehta, S, Metcalfe, K, Middleton, A, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Miles, E, Mohammed, S, Montgomery, T, Moore, D, Morgan, S, Morton, J, Mugalaasi, H, Murday, V, Murphy, H, Naik, S, Nemeth, A, Nevitt, L, Newbury-Ecob, R, Norman, A, O’Shea, R, Ogilvie, C, Ong, K-R, Park, S-M, Parker, MJ, Patel, C, Paterson, J, Payne, S, Perrett, D, Phipps, J, Pilz, DT, Pollard, M, Pottinger, C, Poulton, J, Pratt, N, Prescott, K, Price, S, Pridham, A, Procter, A, Purnell, H, Quarrell, O, Ragge, N, Rahbari, R, Randall, J, Rankin, J, Raymond, L, Rice, D, Robert, L, Roberts, E, Roberts, J, Roberts, P, Roberts, G, Ross, A, Rosser, E, Saggar, A, Samant, S, Sampson, J, Sandford, R, Sarkar, A, Schweiger, S, Scott, R, Scurr, I, Selby, A, Seller, A, Sequeira, C, Shannon, N, Sharif, S, Shaw-Smith, C, Shearing, E, Shears, D, Sheridan, E, Simonic, I, Singzon, R, Skitt, Z, Smith, A, Smith, K, Smithson, S, Sneddon, L, Splitt, M, Squires, M, Stewart, F, Stewart, H, Straub, V, Suri, M, Sutton, V, Swaminathan, GJ, Sweeney, E, Tatton-Brown, K, Taylor, C, Taylor, R, Tein, M, Temple, IK, Thomson, J, Tischkowitz, M, Tomkins, S, Torokwa, A, Treacy, B, Turner, C, Turnpenny, P, Tysoe, C, Vandersteen, A, Varghese, V, Vasudevan, P, Vijayarangakannan, P, Vogt, J, Wakeling, E, Wallwark, S, Waters, J, Weber, A, Wellesley, D, Whiteford, M, Widaa, S, Wilcox, S, Wilkinson, E, Williams, D, Williams, N, Wilson, L, Woods, G, Wragg, C, Wright, M, Yates, L, Yau, M, Nellåker, C, Parker, M, Firth, HV, Wright, CF, FitzPatrick, DR, Barrett, JC, and Hurles, ME

Subjects
Male, Parents, Heredity, Developmental Disabilities, GRIN2B, POGZ, Autoantigens, SMAD4, CASK, GATAD2B, 0302 clinical medicine, TRIO, SMARCA2, KCNH1, Average Faces, CTNNB1, SCN1A, Young adult, Casein Kinase II, Child, AUTS2, MEF2C, Exome, ADNP, Exome sequencing, EP300, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, EHMT1, CNKSR2, CREBBP, MYT1L, MED13L, CSNK2A1, Protein Phosphatase 2C, PPP2R1A, ZBTB18, CDKL5, WAC, HNRNPU, Cohort, STXBP1, Medical genetics, SYNGAP1, Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex, Sex characteristics, AHDC1, SCN8A, medicine.medical_specialty, SLC6A1, FOXP1, USP9X, Article, ANKRD11, PUF60, BRAF, 03 medical and health sciences, SATB2, SMC1A, Intellectual Disability, BCL11A, GABRB3, IQSEC2, Humans, TBL1XR1, TCF4, MSL3, TCF20, DNM1, EEF1A2, SUV420H1, DYRK1A, SETD5, COL4A3BP, CTCF, CHD2, R1, CHD4, 030104 developmental biology, NAA10, HDAC8, Mutation, KDM5B, CHAMP1, PhenIcons, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transcription Factors, 0301 basic medicine, ZMYND11, PTEN, De novo mutation, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, PTPN11, ASXL1, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, ASXL3, Cohort Studies, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, CHD8, Prevalence, QRICH1, KIF1A, Genetics, Sex Characteristics, GNAI1, Multidisciplinary, WDR45, Middle Aged, KMT2A, PPM1D, MECP2, DNA-Binding Proteins, PPP2R5D, Phenotype, PACS1, ras GTPase-Activating Proteins, DDX3X, Female, FOXG1, SET, Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein, Developmental Disease, Adult, KANSL1, Adolescent, NFIX, Nerve Tissue Proteins, PURA, Biology, KAT6B, KAT6A, NSD1, PDHA1, ALG13, Young Adult, Seizures, CDC2 Protein Kinase, medicine, Journal Article, QH426, Homeodomain Proteins, ITPR1, DYNC1H1, GNAO1, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Sequence Analysis, DNA, ZC4H2, ARID1B, Repressor Proteins, CNOT3, SCN2A, SLC35A2, CDK13
Abstract

Children with severe, undiagnosed developmental disorders (DDs) are enriched for damaging de novo mutations (DNMs) in developmentally important genes. We exome sequenced 4,294 families with children with DDs, and meta-analysed these data with published data on 3,287 children with similar disorders. We show that the most significant factors influencing the diagnostic yield of de novo mutations are the sex of the child, the relatedness of their parents and the age of both father and mother. We identified 95 genes enriched for damaging de novo mutation at genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10-7), including fourteen genes for which compelling data for causation was previously lacking. The large number of genome-wide significant findings allow us to demonstrate that, at current cost differentials, exome sequencing has much greater power than genome sequencing for novel gene discovery in genetically heterogeneous disorders. We estimate that 42.5% of our cohort likely carry pathogenic de novo single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and indels in coding sequences, with approximately half operating by a loss-of-function mechanism, and the remainder being gain-of-function. We established that most haploinsufficient developmental disorders have already been identified, but that many gain-of-function disorders remain to be discovered. Extrapolating from the DDD cohort to the general population, we estimate that de novo dominant developmental disorders have an average birth prevalence of 1 in 168 to 1 in 377, depending on parental age.

Published
2017

46. Strategic Silences in the Brexit Debate: Gender, Marginality and Governance

Author

Roberta Guerrina and Murphy, H.

Subjects
lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H, Political Science and International Relations, lcsh:Political science, lcsh:J
Abstract

This article explores some of the medium term implications of the EU Referendum on the position and future of women’s rights in the UK. Using process tracing, the article explores the complex relationship between EU and UK legislation in the area of maternity rights. Specifically, it argues that considering the UK government’s opposition to the original Pregnant Worker Directive (1992) and later to the abandoned Amendment Directive, we can expect these regulations to become watered down. The economic and political environment that shaped the EU Referendum campaigns will frame the UK’s negotiations to leave the EU in favour of de-regulation. The UK’s withdrawal from European institutions increases the vulnerability of marginal groups and interests as layers of representation are taken away. Moreover, the invisibility of gender issues and the largely strategic deployment of women in the actual campaigns is likely to compound the impact of the well-established position of the UK on equality matters, as highlighted by negotiations on the pregnant worker directives.

Published
2016

48. Suicidal ideation in a European Huntington's disease population

Author

Hubers, Aa, van Duijn, E, Roos, Ra, Craufurd, D, Rickards, H, Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, G, van der Mast RC, Giltay, Ej, Bachoud Lévi AC, Bentivoglio, Ar, Biunno, I, Bonelli, Rm, Burgunder, Jm, Dunnett, Sb, Ferreira, Jj, Handley, Oj, Heiberg, A, Llmann, Ti, Landwehrmeyer, Gb, Levey, J, Ramos Arroyo MA, Nielsen, Je, Prokoivisto, S, Päivärinta, M, Rojo Sebastián, A, Tabrizi, Sj, Vandenberghe, W, Verellen Dumoulin, C, Zaremba, J, Uhrova, T, Wahlström, J, Barth, K, Correia Guedes, L, Finisterra, Am, Garde, Mb, Bos, R, Betz, S, Callaghan, J, Fullam, R, Ecker, D, Nielsen, Mg, Hvalstedt, C, Held, C, Koppers, K, Laurà, M, Horta, Sm, Descals, Am, Mestre, T, Minster, S, Monza, D, Mütze, L, Oehmen, M, Townhill, J, Orth, M, Padieu, H, Paterski, L, Peppa, N, Pro Koivisto, S, Roedig, V, Rialland, A, Røren, N, Šašinková, P, Seliverstov, Y, Cubillo, Pt, Walsem, Mr, Wright, A, da Silva WV, Witjes Ané MN, Yudina, E, Zielonka, D, Zielonka, E, Zinzi, P, Herranhof, B, Holl, A, Kapfhammer, Hp, Koppitz, M, Magnet, M, Otti, D, Painold, A, Reisinger, K, Scheibl, M, Hecht, K, Lilek, S, Müller, N, Schöggl, H, Ullah, J, Brugger, F, Hepperger, C, Hotter, A, Seppi, K, Wenning, G, Buratti, L, Hametner, Em, Holas, C, Hussl, A, Poewe, W, Braunwarth, Em, Sprenger, F, Müller, C, Sinadinosa, D, Walleczek, Am, Ladurner, G, Staffen, W, Flamez, A, Morez, V, de Raedt, S, Boogaerts, A, van Reijen, D, Klempíř, J, Majerová, V, Roth, J, Hartikainen, P, Hiivola, H, Martikainen, K, Tuuha, K, Ignatius, J, Kärppä, M, Åman, J, Mustonen, A, Kajula, O, Santala, M, Allain, P, Guérid, Ma, Gohier, B, Olivier, A, Prundean, A, Scherer Gagou, C, Verny, C, Bost, M, Babiloni, B, Debruxelles, S, Duché, C, Goizet, C, Lafoucrière, D, Jameau, L, Spampinato, U, De Bruycker, C, Cabaret, M, Carette, As, Defebvre, L, Decorte, E, Delval, A, Delliaux, M, Destee, A, Dujardin, K, Peter, M, Plomhouse, L, Sablonnière, B, Simonin, C, Lemaire, Mh, Manouvrier, S, Thibault Tanchou, S, Vuillaume, I, Krystkowiak, P, Duru, C, Roussel, M, Wannepain, S, Berrissoul, H, Bellonet, M, Courtin, F, Mantaux, B, Fasquel, V, Godefroy, O, Azulay, Jp, Fluchère, F, Delfini, M, Eusebio, A, Mundler, L, Longato, N, Rudolf, G, Steinmetz, G, Tranchant, C, Wagner, C, Zimmermann, M, Marcel, C, Calvas, F, Pariente, J, Démonet, Jf, Cheriet, S, Kosinski, Cm, Milkereit, E, Probst, D, Reetz, K, Sass, C, Schiefer, J, Schlangen, C, Werner, Cj, Gelderblom, H, Priller, J, Prüß, H, Spruth, Ej, Andrich, J, Ellrichmann, G, Hoffmann, R, Kaminski, B, Saft, C, Stamm, C, Lange, H, Bosredon, C, Maass, A, Schmidt, S, Storch, A, Wolz, M, Kohl, Z, Winkler, J, Capetian, P, Lambeck, J, Zucker, B, Boelmans, K, Ganos, C, Goerendt, I, Hidding, U, Lewerenz, J, Münchau, A, Schmalfeld, J, Stubbe, L, Zittel, S, Diercks, G, Dressler, D, Gorzolla, H, Schrader, C, Tacik, P, Heinicke, W, Longinus, B, Bürk, K, Möller, Jc, Rissling, I, Mühlau, M, Peinemann, A, Städtler, M, Weindl, A, Winkelmann, J, Ziegler, C, Bohlen, S, Hölzner, E, Reilmann, R, Dose, M, Leythaeuser, G, Marquard, R, Raab, T, Schrenk, C, Schuierer, M, Buck, A, Connemann, J, Eschenbach, C, Landwehrmeyer, B, Lezius, F, Nepper, S, Niess, A, Schwenk, D, Süßmuth, S, Trautmann, S, Weydt, P, Cormio, C, Sciruicchio, V, Serpino, C, Tommaso, M, Capellari, S, Cortelli, P, Gallassi, R, Poda, R, Rizzo, G, Scaglione, C, Bertini, E, Ghelli, E, Ginestroni, A, Massaro, F, Mechi, C, Paganini, M, Piacentini, S, Pradella, S, Romoli, Am, Sorbi, S, Abbruzzese, G, di Poggio MB, Di Maria, E, Ferrandes, G, Mandich, P, Marchese, R, Albanese, A, Di Bella, D, Di Donato, S, Gellera, C, Genitrini, S, Mariotti, C, Nanetti, L, Paridi, D, Soliveri, P, Tomasello, C, De Michele, G, Di Maio, L, Salvatore, E, Rinaldi, C, Rossi, F, Massarelli, M, Roca, A, Ammendola, S, Russo, Cv, Squitieri, F, Elifani, F, Maglione, V, Di Pardo, A, Alberti, S, Griguoli, A, Amico, E, Martino, T, Petrollini, M, Catalli, C, Di Giacopo, R, Fasano, A, Frontali, M, Guidubaldi, A, Ialongo, T, Jacopini, G, Loria, G, Piano, C, Chiara, P, Quaranta, D, Romano, Silvia, Soleti, F, Spadaro, M, Romano, S, van Hout MS, van Vugt JP, Weert, A, Bolwijn, J, Dekker, M, Leenders, K, Kremer, Hp, Dumas, Em, van den Bogaard SJ, 't Hart EP, Økland, E, Hauge, E, Tyvoll, H, Frich, J, Aaserud, O, Wehus, R, Bjørgo, K, Fannemel, M, Gørvell, P, Lorentzen, E, Koivisto, Sp, Retterstøl, L, Overland, T, Stokke, B, Sando, B, Dziadkiewicz, A, Nowak, M, Robowski, P, Sitek, E, Slawek, J, Soltan, W, Szinwelski, M, Blaszcyk, M, Boczarska Jedynak, M, Ciach Wysocka, E, Gorzkowska, A, Jasinska Myga, B, Opala, G, Kłodowska Duda, G, Stompel, D, Banaszkiewicz, K, Boćwińska, D, Szczudlik, A, Rudzińska, M, Wójcik, M, Dec, M, Krawczyk, M, Jaremek, Kb, Szczygieł, E, Stenwak, A, Ielewska, Aw, Bryl, A, Ciesielska, A, Klimberg, A, Marcinkowski, J, Sempołowicz, J, Samara, H, Wiśniewski, B, Janik, P, Gogol, A, Kwiecinski, H, Jamrozik, Z, Kaminska, A, Antczak, J, Jachinska, K, Rakowicz, M, Richter, P, Rola, R, Ryglewicz, D, Sienkiewicz Jarosz, H, Stępniak, I, Witkowski, G, Zdzienicka, E, Sułek, A, Krysa, W, Zieora Jakutowicz, K, Júlio, F, Januário, C, Coelho, M, Mendes, T, Valadas, A, Timóteo, Â, Costa, C, Cavaco, S, Damásio, J, Loureiro, R, Magalhães, M, Andrade, C, Gago, M, Garrett, C, Guerra, Mr, Lima, J, Massano, J, Meireles, J, Herrera, Cd, Garcia, Pm, Barrero, F, Morales, B, Cubo, E, Mariscal, N, Sánchez, J, Alonso Frech, F, Perez, Mr, Fenollar, M, García, Rg, Quiroga, Pp, Rivera, Sv, Villanueva, C, Alegre, J, Bascuñana, M, Caldentey, Jg, Ventura, Mf, Ribas, Gg, Yébenes, Jg, López Sendón Moreno JL, García Ruíz PJ, Martínez Descals, A, Artiga, Mj, Sánchez, V, Guerrero, R, Bárcenas, Ah, Noguera Perea MF, Fortuna, L, Martirio, M, Torres, A, Reinante, G, Moreau, Lv, Barbera, Ma, Guia, Db, Hernanz, Lc, Catena, Jl, Sebastián, Ar, Ferrer, Pq, Carruesco, Gt, Bas, J, Busquets, N, Calopa, M, Elorza, Md, Díez AjaLópez, C, Terol, Sd, Robert, Mf, Ruíz, Bg, Casado, Ag, Martínez, Ih, Viladrich, Cm, Càrdenas, Rp, Roca, E, Llesoy, Jr, Idiago, Jm, Vergara, Mr, García, Ss, Riballo, Av, González, Sg, Guisasola, Lm, Salvador, C, San Martín ES, González, M, Gorospe, A, Legarda, I, Arques, Pn, Torres Rodríguez MJ, Vives, B, Gaston, I, Martinez Jaurrieta MD, Manuel, J, Moreno, G, Peña, Jc, Avarvarei, Ld, Bastida, Am, Recio, Mf, Vergé, Lr, Sánchez, Vs, Carrillo, F, Cáceres, Mt, Mir, P, Suarez, Mj, Bosca, M, Burguera, Ja, Garcia, Ac, Brugada, Fc, Martínez, Lm, Val, Jl, Loutfi, G, Olofsson, C, Stattin, El, Westman, L, Wikström, B, Lhagen, Se, Paucar, M, Svenningsson, P, Reza Soltani TW, Höglund, A, Sandström, B, Høsterey Ugander, U, Fredlund, G, Constantinescu, R, Neleborn Lingefjärd, L, Tedr off, J, Esmaeilzadeh, M, Winnberg, E, Pålhagen, S, Svennigsson, P, Riza Soltani TW, Sundblom, J, Johansson, A, Wiklund, L, Ekwall, C, Göller, Ml, Petersén, A, Reimer, J, Widner, H, Stebler, Y, Kaelin, A, Romero, I, Schüpbach, M, Weber, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Downie, L, Simpson, S, Summers, F, Ure, A, Jack, R, Matheson, K, Akhtar, S, Crooks, J, Curtis, A, Souza, J, Wright, J, Hayward, B, Sieradzan, K, Barker, Ra, O'Keefe, D, Di Pietro, A, Fisher, K, Hill, S, Mason, S, Swain, R, Valle, N, Guzman, Bisson, J, Busse, M, Butcher, C, Clenaghan, C, Dunnett, S, Handley, O, Hunt, S, Hughes, A, Johnstone, C, Jones, L, Jones, U, Khalil, H, Owen, M, Price, K, Rose, Le, Rosser, A, Porteous, M, Edwards, M, Ho, C, Mcgill, M, Pearson, P, Brockie, P, Foster, J, Johns, N, Mckenzie, S, Rothery, J, Thomas, G, Yates, S, Miller, J, Ritchie, S, Burrows, L, Fletcher, A, Harding, A, Laver, F, Silva, M, Thomson, A, Rowett, L, Gallantrae, D, Longthorpe, M, Markova, I, Raman, A, Hamer, S, Wild, S, Yarduiman, P, Chu, C, Kraus, A, Yardumian, P, Musgrave, H, Toscano, J, Jamieson, S, Hobson, E, Clayton, C, Dipple, H, Middleton, J, Freire Patino, D, Andrews, T, Dougherty, A, Kavalier, F, Golding, C, Laing, H, Lashwood, A, Robertson, D, Ruddy, D, Whaite, A, Santhouse, A, Patton, M, Peterson, M, Rose, S, Bruno, S, Chu, E, Doherty, K, Haider, S, Hensman, D, Lahiri, N, Lewis, M, Novak, M, Patel, A, Robertson, N, Rosser, E, Tabrizi, S, Taylor, R, Warner, T, Wild, E, Howard, L, Sollom, A, Snowden, J, Thompson, J, Jones, M, Murphy, H, Trender Gerhard, I, Rogers, D, Bek, J, Oughton, E, Johnson, L, Hare, M, Arran, N, Verstraelen, N, Partington Jones, L, Huson, S, Stopford, C, Westmoreland, L, Davidson, J, Morgan, K, Savage, L, Singh, B, Komati, S, Nemeth, Ah, Armstrong, R, Valentine, R, Siuda, G, Harrison, D, Hughes, M, Parkinson, A, Soltysiak, B, Burn, J, Coleman, C, Bandmann, O, Bradbury, A, Gill, P, Fairtlough, H, Fillingham, K, Foustanos, I, Kazoka, M, O'Donovan, K, Taylor, C, Tidswell, K, Quarrell, O., Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), A. A., M, E. v., Duijn, R. A., C, D., Craufurd, H., Rickard, G. B., Landwehrmeyer, R. C., Van, E. J., Giltay, R. E., G., Rinaldi, Carlo, Anna A.M. Huber, Erik van Duijn, Raymund A.C. Roo, David Craufurd, Hugh Rickard, G. Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, Rose C. van der Mast, Erik J. Giltay REGISTRY investigators of the European Huntington's Disease Network. Collaborators: Bachoud-Lévi AC, Bentivoglio AR, Biunno I, Bonelli RM, Burgunder JM, Dunnett SB, Ferreira JJ, Handley OJ, Heiberg A, llmann TI, Landwehrmeyer GB, Levey J, Ramos-Arroyo MA, Nielsen JE, ProKoivisto S, Päivärinta M, Roos RA, Rojo Sebastián A, Tabrizi SJ, Vandenberghe W, Verellen- Dumoulin C, Zaremba J, Uhrova T, Wahlström J, Barth K, Correia-Guedes L, Finisterra AM, Garde MB, Bos R, Betz S, Callaghan J, Fullam R, Ecker D, Nielsen MG, Hvalstedt C, Held C, Koppers K, Laurà M, Horta SM, Descals AM, Mestre T, Minster S, Monza D, Mütze L, Oehmen M, Townhill J, Orth M, Padieu H, Paterski L, Peppa N, Pro Koivisto S, Roedig V, Rialland A, Røren N, Šašinková P, Seliverstov Y, Cubillo PT, Walsem MR, Wright A, da Silva WV, Witjes-Ané MN, Yudina E, Zielonka D, Zielonka E, Zinzi P, Herranhof B, Holl A, Kapfhammer HP, Koppitz M, Magnet M, Otti D, Painold A, Reisinger K, Scheibl M, Hecht K, Lilek S, Müller N, Schöggl H, Ullah J, Brugger F, Hepperger C, Hotter A, Seppi K, Wenning G, Buratti L, Hametner EM, Holas C, Hussl A, Poewe W, Braunwarth EM, Sprenger F, Müller C, Sinadinosa D, Walleczek AM, Ladurner G, Staffen W, Flamez A, Morez V, de Raedt S, Boogaerts A, van Reijen D, Klempíř J, Majerová V, Roth J, Hartikainen P, Hiivola H, Martikainen K, Tuuha K, Ignatius J, Kärppä M, Åman J, Mustonen A, Kajula O, Santala M, Allain P, Guérid MA, Gohier B, Olivier A, Prundean A, Scherer- Gagou C, Verny C, Bost M, Babiloni B, Debruxelles S, Duché C, Goizet C, Lafoucrière D, Jameau L, Spampinato U, De Bruycker C, Cabaret M, Carette AS, Defebvre L, Decorte E, Delval A, Delliaux M, Destee A, Dujardin K, Peter M, Plomhouse L, Sablonnière B, Simonin C, Lemaire MH, Manouvrier S, Thibault-Tanchou S, Vuillaume I, Krystkowiak P, Duru C, Roussel M, Wannepain S, Berrissoul H, Bellonet M, Courtin F, Mantaux B, Fasquel V, Godefroy O, Azulay JP, Fluchère F, Delfini M, Eusebio A, Mundler L, Longato N, Rudolf G, Steinmetz G, Tranchant C, Wagner C, Zimmermann M, Marcel C, Calvas F, Pariente J, Démonet JF, Cheriet S, Kosinski CM, Milkereit E, Probst D, Reetz K, Sass C, Schiefer J, Schlangen C, Werner CJ, Gelderblom H, Priller J, Prüß H, Spruth EJ, Andrich J, Ellrichmann G, Hoffmann R, Kaminski B, Saft C, Stamm C, Lange H, Bosredon C, Maass A, Schmidt S, Storch A, Wolz M, Kohl Z, Winkler J, Capetian P, Lambeck J, Zucker B, Boelmans K, Ganos C, Goerendt I, Hidding U, Lewerenz J, Münchau A, Schmalfeld J, Stubbe L, Zittel S, Diercks G, Dressler D, Gorzolla H, Schrader C, Tacik P, Heinicke W, Longinus B, Bürk K, Möller JC, Rissling I, Mühlau M, Peinemann A, Städtler M, Weindl A, Winkelmann J, Ziegler C, Bohlen S, Hölzner E, Reilmann R, Dose M, Leythaeuser G, Marquard R, Raab T, Schrenk C, Schuierer M, Buck A, Connemann J, Eschenbach C, Landwehrmeyer B, Lezius F, Nepper S, Niess A, Schwenk D, Süßmuth S, Trautmann S, Weydt P, Cormio C, Sciruicchio V, Serpino C, Tommaso M, Capellari S, Cortelli P, Gallassi R, Poda R, Rizzo G, Scaglione C, Bertini E, Ghelli E, Ginestroni A, Massaro F, Mechi C, Paganini M, Piacentini S, Pradella S, Romoli AM, Sorbi S, Abbruzzese G, di Poggio MB, Di Maria E, Ferrandes G, Mandich P, Marchese R, Albanese A, Di Bella D, Di Donato S, Gellera C, Genitrini S, Mariotti C, Nanetti L, Paridi D, Soliveri P, Tomasello C, De Michele G, Di Maio L, Salvatore E, Rinaldi C, Rossi F, Massarelli M, Roca A, Ammendola S, Russo CV, Squitieri F, Elifani F, Maglione V, Di Pardo A, Alberti S, Griguoli A, Amico E, Martino T, Petrollini M, Catalli C, Di Giacopo R, Fasano A, Frontali M, Guidubaldi A, Ialongo T, Jacopini G, Loria G, Piano C, Chiara P, Quaranta D, Romano S, Soleti F, Spadaro M, van Hout MS, van Vugt JP, Weert A, Bolwijn J, Dekker M, Leenders K, Kremer HP, Dumas EM, van den Bogaard SJ, 't Hart EP, van Duijn E, Økland E, Hauge E, Tyvoll H, Frich J, Aaserud O, Wehus R, Bjørgo K, Fannemel M, Gørvell P, Lorentzen E, Koivisto SP, Retterstøl L, Overland T, Stokke B, Sando B, Dziadkiewicz A, Nowak M, Robowski P, Sitek E, Slawek J, Soltan W, Szinwelski M, Blaszcyk M, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Ciach-Wysocka E, Gorzkowska A, Jasinska-Myga B, Opala G, Kłodowska-Duda G, Stompel D, Banaszkiewicz K, Boćwińska D, Szczudlik A, Rudzińska M, Wójcik M, Dec M, Krawczyk M, Jaremek KB, Szczygieł E, Stenwak A, ielewska AW, Bryl A, Ciesielska A, Klimberg A, Marcinkowski J, Sempołowicz J, Samara H, Wiśniewski B, Janik P, Gogol A, Kwiecinski H, Jamrozik Z, Kaminska A, Antczak J, Jachinska K, Rakowicz M, Richter P, Rola R, Ryglewicz D, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Stępniak I, Witkowski G, Zdzienicka E, Sułek A, Krysa W, Zieora-Jakutowicz K, Júlio F, Januário C, Coelho M, Mendes T, Valadas A, Timóteo Â, Costa C, Cavaco S, Damásio J, Loureiro R, Magalhães M, Andrade C, Gago M, Garrett C, Guerra MR, Lima J, Massano J, Meireles J, Herrera CD, Garcia PM, Barrero F, Morales B, Cubo E, Mariscal N, Sánchez J, Alonso-Frech F, Perez MR, Fenollar M, García RG, Quiroga PP, Rivera SV, Villanueva C, Alegre J, Bascuñana M, Caldentey JG, Ventura MF, Ribas GG, Yébenes JG, López-Sendón Moreno JL, García Ruíz PJ, Martínez-Descals A, Artiga MJ, Sánchez V, Guerrero R, Bárcenas AH, Noguera Perea MF, Fortuna L, Martirio M, Torres A, Reinante G, Moreau LV, Barbera MA, Guia DB, Hernanz LC, Catena JL, Sebastián AR, Ferrer PQ, Carruesco GT, Bas J, Busquets N, Calopa M, Elorza MD, Díez-AjaLópez C, Terol SD, Robert MF, Ruíz BG, Casado AG, Martínez IH, Viladrich CM, Càrdenas RP, Roca E, Llesoy JR, Idiago JM, Vergara MR, García SS, Riballo AV, González SG, Guisasola LM, Salvador C, San Martín ES, González M, Gorospe A, Legarda I, Arques PN, Torres Rodríguez MJ, Vives B, Gaston I, Martinez-Jaurrieta MD, Manuel J, Moreno G, Peña JC, Avarvarei LD, Bastida AM, Recio MF, Vergé LR, Sánchez VS, Carrillo F, Cáceres MT, Mir P, Suarez MJ, Bosca M, Burguera JA, Garcia AC, Brugada FC, Martínez LM, Val JL, Loutfi G, Olofsson C, Stattin EL, Westman L, Wikström B, lhagen SE, Paucar M, Svenningsson P, Reza- Soltani TW, Höglund A, Sandström B, Høsterey-Ugander U, Fredlund G, Constantinescu R, Neleborn-Lingefjärd L, Tedr- off J, Esmaeilzadeh M, Winnberg E, Pålhagen S, Svennigsson P, Riza-Soltani TW, Sundblom J, Johansson A, Wiklund L, Ekwall C, Göller ML, Petersén A, Reimer J, Widner H, Stebler Y, Kaelin A, Romero I, Schüpbach M, Weber S, Miedzybrodzka Z, Rae D, Downie L, Simpson S, Summers F, Ure A, Jack R, Matheson K, Akhtar S, Crooks J, Curtis A, Souza J, Rickards H, Wright J, Hayward B, Sieradzan K, Barker RA, O'Keefe D, Di Pietro A, Fisher K, Hill S, Mason S, Swain R, Valle N, Guzman, Bisson J, Busse M, Butcher C, Clenaghan C, Dunnett S, Handley O, Hunt S, Hughes A, Johnstone C, Jones L, Jones U, Khalil H, Owen M, Price K, Rose LE, Rosser A, Porteous M, Edwards M, Ho C, McGill M, Pearson P, Brockie P, Foster J, Johns N, McKenzie S, Rothery J, Thomas G, Yates S, Miller J, Ritchie S, Burrows L, Fletcher A, Harding A, Laver F, Silva M, Thomson A, Rowett L, Gallantrae D, Longthorpe M, Markova I, Raman A, Hamer S, Wild S, Yarduiman P, Chu C, Kraus A, Yardumian P, Musgrave H, Toscano J, Jamieson S, Hobson E, Clayton C, Dipple H, Middleton J, Freire-Patino D, Andrews T, Dougherty A, Kavalier F, Golding C, Laing H, Lashwood A, Robertson D, Ruddy D, Whaite A, Santhouse A, Patton M, Peterson M, Rose S, Bruno S, Chu E, Doherty K, Haider S, Hensman D, Lahiri N, Lewis M, Novak M, Patel A, Robertson N, Rosser E, Tabrizi S, Taylor R, Warner T, Wild E, Craufurd D, Howard L, Sollom A, Snowden J, Thompson J, Jones M, Murphy H, Trender-Gerhard I, Rogers D, Bek J, Oughton E, Johnson L, Hare M, Arran N, Verstraelen N, Partington-Jones L, Huson S, Stopford C, Westmoreland L, Davidson J, Morgan K, Savage L, Singh B, Komati S, Nemeth AH, Armstrong R, Valentine R, Siuda G, Harrison D, Hughes M, Parkinson A, Soltysiak B, Burn J, Coleman C, Bandmann O, Bradbury A, Gill P, Fairtlough H, Fillingham K, Foustanos I, Kazoka M, O'Donovan K, Taylor C, Tidswell K, Quarrell O., Molecular Neuroscience and Ageing Research (MOLAR), Hubers, Aa, van Duijn, E, Roos, Ra, Craufurd, D, Rickards, H, Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, G, van der Mast, Rc, Giltay, Ej, CollaboratorsBachoud Lévi AC, REGISTRY investigators of the European Huntington's Disease N. e. t. w. o. r. k., Bentivoglio, Ar, Biunno, I, Bonelli, Rm, Burgunder, Jm, Dunnett, Sb, Ferreira, Jj, Handley, Oj, Heiberg, A, Llmann, Ti, Landwehrmeyer, Gb, Levey, J, Ramos Arroyo, Ma, Nielsen, Je, Prokoivisto, S, Päivärinta, M, Rojo Sebastián, A, Tabrizi, Sj, Vandenberghe, W, Verellen Dumoulin, C, Zaremba, J, Uhrova, T, Wahlström, J, Barth, K, Correia Guedes, L, Finisterra, Am, Garde, Mb, Bos, R, Betz, S, Callaghan, J, Fullam, R, Ecker, D, Nielsen, Mg, Hvalstedt, C, Held, C, Koppers, K, Laurà, M, Horta, Sm, Descals, Am, Mestre, T, Minster, S, Monza, D, Mütze, L, Oehmen, M, Townhill, J, Orth, M, Padieu, H, Paterski, L, Peppa, N, Pro Koivisto, S, Roedig, V, Rialland, A, Røren, N, a??inková, P, Seliverstov, Y, Cubillo, Pt, Walsem, Mr, Wright, A, da Silva, Wv, Witjes Ané, Mn, Yudina, E, Zielonka, D, Zielonka, E, Zinzi, P, Herranhof, B, Holl, A, Kapfhammer, Hp, Koppitz, M, Magnet, M, Otti, D, Painold, A, Reisinger, K, Scheibl, M, Hecht, K, Lilek, S, Müller, N, Schöggl, H, Ullah, J, Brugger, F, Hepperger, C, Hotter, A, Seppi, K, Wenning, G, Buratti, L, Hametner, Em, Holas, C, Hussl, A, Poewe, W, Braunwarth, Em, Sprenger, F, Müller, C, Sinadinosa, D, Walleczek, Am, Ladurner, G, Staffen, W, Flamez, A, Morez, V, de Raedt, S, Boogaerts, A, van Reijen, D, Klempí??, J, Majerová, V, Roth, J, Hartikainen, P, Hiivola, H, Martikainen, K, Tuuha, K, Ignatius, J, Kärppä, M, Åman, J, Mustonen, A, Kajula, O, Santala, M, Allain, P, Guérid, Ma, Gohier, B, Olivier, A, Prundean, A, Scherer Gagou, C, Verny, C, Bost, M, Babiloni, B, Debruxelles, S, Duché, C, Goizet, C, Lafoucrière, D, Jameau, L, Spampinato, U, De Bruycker, C, Cabaret, M, Carette, A, Defebvre, L, Decorte, E, Delval, A, Delliaux, M, Destee, A, Dujardin, K, Peter, M, Plomhouse, L, Sablonnière, B, Simonin, C, Lemaire, Mh, Manouvrier, S, Thibault Tanchou, S, Vuillaume, I, Krystkowiak, P, Duru, C, Roussel, M, Wannepain, S, Berrissoul, H, Bellonet, M, Courtin, F, Mantaux, B, Fasquel, V, Godefroy, O, Azulay, Jp, Fluchère, F, Delfini, M, Eusebio, A, Mundler, L, Longato, N, Rudolf, G, Steinmetz, G, Tranchant, C, Wagner, C, Zimmermann, M, Marcel, C, Calvas, F, Pariente, J, Démonet, Jf, Cheriet, S, Kosinski, Cm, Milkereit, E, Probst, D, Reetz, K, Sass, C, Schiefer, J, Schlangen, C, Werner, Cj, Gelderblom, H, Priller, J, Prüß, H, Spruth, Ej, Andrich, J, Ellrichmann, G, Hoffmann, R, Kaminski, B, Saft, C, Stamm, C, Lange, H, Bosredon, C, Maass, A, Schmidt, S, Storch, A, Wolz, M, Kohl, Z, Winkler, J, Capetian, P, Lambeck, J, Zucker, B, Boelmans, K, Ganos, C, Goerendt, I, Hidding, U, Lewerenz, J, Münchau, A, Schmalfeld, J, Stubbe, L, Zittel, S, Diercks, G, Dressler, D, Gorzolla, H, Schrader, C, Tacik, P, Heinicke, W, Longinus, B, Bürk, K, Möller, Jc, Rissling, I, Mühlau, M, Peinemann, A, Städtler, M, Weindl, A, Winkelmann, J, Ziegler, C, Bohlen, S, Hölzner, E, Reilmann, R, Dose, M, Leythaeuser, G, Marquard, R, Raab, T, Schrenk, C, Schuierer, M, Buck, A, Connemann, J, Eschenbach, C, Landwehrmeyer, B, Lezius, F, Nepper, S, Niess, A, Schwenk, D, Süßmuth, S, Trautmann, S, Weydt, P, Cormio, C, Sciruicchio, V, Serpino, C, Tommaso, M, Capellari, S, Cortelli, P, Gallassi, R, Poda, R, Rizzo, G, Scaglione, C, Bertini, E, Ghelli, E, Ginestroni, A, Massaro, F, Mechi, C, Paganini, M, Piacentini, S, Pradella, S, Romoli, Am, Sorbi, S, Abbruzzese, G, di Poggio, Mb, Di Maria, E, Ferrandes, G, Mandich, P, Marchese, R, Albanese, A, Di Bella, D, Di Donato, S, Gellera, C, Genitrini, S, Mariotti, C, Nanetti, L, Paridi, D, Soliveri, P, Tomasello, C, DE MICHELE, Giuseppe, Di Maio, L, Salvatore, Elena, Rossi, F, Massarelli, Marco, Roca, Alessandro, Ammendola, S, Russo, Cinzia, Squitieri, F, Elifani, F, Maglione, V, Di Pardo, A, Alberti, S, Griguoli, A, Amico, E, Martino, T, Petrollini, M, Catalli, C, Di Giacopo, R, Fasano, A, Frontali, M, Guidubaldi, A, Ialongo, T, Jacopini, G, Loria, G, Piano, C, Chiara, P, Quaranta, D, Romano, S, Soleti, F, Spadaro, M, Rinaldi, C, Massarelli, M, Roca, A, Russo, Cv, van Hout, M, van Vugt, Jp, Weert, A, Bolwijn, J, Dekker, M, Leenders, K, Kremer, Hp, Dumas, Em, van den Bogaard, Sj, 't Hart, Ep, Økland, E, Hauge, E, Tyvoll, H, Frich, J, Aaserud, O, Wehus, R, Bjørgo, K, Fannemel, M, Gørvell, P, Lorentzen, E, Koivisto, Sp, Retterstøl, L, Overland, T, Stokke, B, Sando, B, Dziadkiewicz, A, Nowak, M, Robowski, P, Sitek, E, Slawek, J, Soltan, W, Szinwelski, M, Blaszcyk, M, Boczarska Jedynak, M, Ciach Wysocka, E, Gorzkowska, A, Jasinska Myga, B, Opala, G, K??odowska Duda, G, Stompel, D, Banaszkiewicz, K, Bo??wi??ska, D, Szczudlik, A, Rudzi??ska, M, Wójcik, M, Dec, M, Krawczyk, M, Jaremek, Kb, Szczygie??, E, Stenwak, A, Ielewska, Aw, Bryl, A, Ciesielska, A, Klimberg, A, Marcinkowski, J, Sempo??owicz, J, Samara, H, Wi??niewski, B, Janik, P, Gogol, A, Kwiecinski, H, Jamrozik, Z, Kaminska, A, Antczak, J, Jachinska, K, Rakowicz, M, Richter, P, Rola, R, Ryglewicz, D, Sienkiewicz Jarosz, H, St??pniak, I, Witkowski, G, Zdzienicka, E, Su??ek, A, Krysa, W, Zieora Jakutowicz, K, Júlio, F, Januário, C, Coelho, M, Mendes, T, Valadas, A, Timóteo, Â, Costa, C, Cavaco, S, Damásio, J, Loureiro, R, Magalhães, M, Andrade, C, Gago, M, Garrett, C, Guerra, Mr, Lima, J, Massano, J, Meireles, J, Herrera, Cd, Garcia, Pm, Barrero, F, Morales, B, Cubo, E, Mariscal, N, Sánchez, J, Alonso Frech, F, Perez, Mr, Fenollar, M, García, Rg, Quiroga, Pp, Rivera, Sv, Villanueva, C, Alegre, J, Bascuñana, M, Caldentey, Jg, Ventura, Mf, Ribas, Gg, Yébenes, Jg, López Sendón Moreno, Jl, García Ruíz, Pj, Martínez Descals, A, Artiga, Mj, Sánchez, V, Guerrero, R, Bárcenas, Ah, Noguera Perea, Mf, Fortuna, L, Martirio, M, Torres, A, Reinante, G, Moreau, Lv, Barbera, Ma, Guia, Db, Hernanz, Lc, Catena, Jl, Sebastián, Ar, Ferrer, Pq, Carruesco, Gt, Bas, J, Busquets, N, Calopa, M, Elorza, Md, Díez AjaLópez, C, Terol, Sd, Robert, Mf, Ruíz, Bg, Casado, Ag, Martínez, Ih, Viladrich, Cm, Càrdenas, Rp, Roca, E, Llesoy, Jr, Idiago, Jm, Vergara, Mr, García, S, Riballo, Av, González, Sg, Guisasola, Lm, Salvador, C, San Martín, E, González, M, Gorospe, A, Legarda, I, Arques, Pn, Torres Rodríguez, Mj, Vives, B, Gaston, I, Martinez Jaurrieta, Md, Manuel, J, Moreno, G, Peña, Jc, Avarvarei, Ld, Bastida, Am, Recio, Mf, Vergé, Lr, Carrillo, F, Cáceres, Mt, Mir, P, Suarez, Mj, Bosca, M, Burguera, Ja, Garcia, Ac, Brugada, Fc, Martínez, Lm, Val, Jl, Loutfi, G, Olofsson, C, Stattin, El, Westman, L, Wikström, B, Lhagen, Se, Paucar, M, Svenningsson, P, Reza Soltani, Tw, Höglund, A, Sandström, B, Høsterey Ugander, U, Fredlund, G, Constantinescu, R, Neleborn Lingefjärd, L, Tedr off, J, Esmaeilzadeh, M, Winnberg, E, Pålhagen, S, Svennigsson, P, Riza Soltani, Tw, Sundblom, J, Johansson, A, Wiklund, L, Ekwall, C, Göller, Ml, Petersén, A, Reimer, J, Widner, H, Stebler, Y, Kaelin, A, Romero, I, Schüpbach, M, Weber, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Downie, L, Simpson, S, Summers, F, Ure, A, Jack, R, Matheson, K, Akhtar, S, Crooks, J, Curtis, A, Souza, J, Wright, J, Hayward, B, Sieradzan, K, Barker, Ra, O'Keefe, D, Di Pietro, A, Fisher, K, Hill, S, Mason, S, Swain, R, Valle, N, Bisson, J, Busse, M, Butcher, C, Clenaghan, C, Dunnett, S, Handley, O, Hunt, S, Hughes, A, Johnstone, C, Jones, L, Jones, U, Khalil, H, Owen, M, Price, K, Rose, Le, Rosser, A, Porteous, M, Edwards, M, Ho, C, Mcgill, M, Pearson, P, Brockie, P, Foster, J, Johns, N, Mckenzie, S, Rothery, J, Thomas, G, Yates, S, Miller, J, Ritchie, S, Burrows, L, Fletcher, A, Harding, A, Laver, F, Silva, M, Thomson, A, Rowett, L, Gallantrae, D, Longthorpe, M, Markova, I, Raman, A, Hamer, S, Wild, S, Yarduiman, P, Chu, C, Kraus, A, Yardumian, P, Musgrave, H, Toscano, J, Jamieson, S, Hobson, E, Clayton, C, Dipple, H, Middleton, J, Freire Patino, D, Andrews, T, Dougherty, A, Kavalier, F, Golding, C, Laing, H, Lashwood, A, Robertson, D, Ruddy, D, Whaite, A, Santhouse, A, Patton, M, Peterson, M, Rose, S, Bruno, S, Chu, E, Doherty, K, Haider, S, Hensman, D, Lahiri, N, Lewis, M, Novak, M, Patel, A, Robertson, N, Rosser, E, Tabrizi, S, Taylor, R, Warner, T, Wild, E, Howard, L, Sollom, A, Snowden, J, Thompson, J, Jones, M, Murphy, H, Trender Gerhard, I, Rogers, D, Bek, J, Oughton, E, Johnson, L, Hare, M, Arran, N, Verstraelen, N, Partington Jones, L, Huson, S, Stopford, C, Westmoreland, L, Davidson, J, Morgan, K, Savage, L, Singh, B, Komati, S, Nemeth, Ah, Armstrong, R, Valentine, R, Siuda, G, Harrison, D, Hughes, M, Parkinson, A, Soltysiak, B, Burn, J, Coleman, C, Bandmann, O, Bradbury, A, Gill, P, Fairtlough, H, Fillingham, K, Foustanos, I, Kazoka, M, O'Donovan, K, Taylor, C, Tidswell, K, and Quarrell, O.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Psychopharmacology, Population, Poison control, psychology/statistics /&/ numerical data, Suicide, Attempted, Suicide prevention, Suicidal Ideation, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, epidemiology, Europe, Psychiatry, education, Suicidal ideation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Proportional Hazards Models, Attempted, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, education.field_of_study, Psychological Tests, Suicide attempt, Psychopathology, Depression, Hazard ratio, Huntington's disease, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Europe, psychology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychological Tests, Suicidal Ideation, Suicide, Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Suicide, Huntington Disease, epidemiology, Female, Heterozygote, Humans, Huntington Disease, Cohort studies, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate increased prevalences of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and completed suicide in Huntington's disease (HD) compared with the general population. This study investigates correlates and predictors of suicidal ideation in HD.METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 2106 HD mutation carriers, all participating in the REGISTRY study of the European Huntington's Disease Network. Of the 1937 participants without suicidal ideation at baseline, 945 had one or more follow-up measurements. Participants were assessed for suicidal ideation by the behavioural subscale of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS). Correlates of suicidal ideation were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and predictors were analyzed using Cox regression analysis.RESULTS: At baseline, 169 (8.0%) mutation carriers endorsed suicidal ideation. Disease duration (odds ratio [OR]=0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9-1.0), anxiety (OR=2.14; 95%CI: 1.4-3.3), aggression (OR=2.41; 95%CI: 1.5-3.8), a previous suicide attempt (OR=3.95; 95%CI: 2.4-6.6), and a depressed mood (OR=13.71; 95%CI: 6.7-28.0) were independently correlated to suicidal ideation at baseline. The 4-year cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation was 9.9%. Longitudinally, the presence of a depressed mood (hazard ratio [HR]=2.05; 95%CI: 1.1-4.0) and use of benzodiazepines (HR=2.44; 95%CI: 1.2-5.0) at baseline were independent predictors of incident suicidal ideation, whereas a previous suicide attempt was not predictive.LIMITATIONS: As suicidal ideation was assessed by only one item, and participants were a selection of all HD mutation carriers, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was likely underestimated.CONCLUSIONS: Suicidal ideation in HD frequently occurs. Assessment of suicidal ideation is a priority in mutation carriers with a depressed mood and in those using benzodiazepines.

Published
2013

49. Spoken Papers: S01. The Microcephaly Mystery: Complications of disease gene identification in a consanguineous population

Author

Casey, JP, Murphy, H, Ennis, S, Lynch, SA, Bradley, L, Mabrouk, R, Paterson, A, McAuley, D, Dabir, T, Dobson, MG, Darlow, JM, Darlay, R, Cordell, HJ, Green, AJ, Puri, P, Barton, DE, McCormack, M, Chaila, E, Shawan, A, Conroy, J, Heinzen, E, Goldstein, DB, Delanty, N, Caldecott, K, Cavalleri, GL, McConnell, VPM, Fitzpatrick, DJ, Shah, N, Ryan, CJ, Greene, D, Shields, DC, Courtney, DG, Atkinson, SD, Allen, EHA, Moore, JE, Maurizi, E, Pellegrini, G, Black, GC, Mason, FD, Yam, G, McLean, WHI, Moore, CBT, McKay, GJ, Kavanagh, DH, Maxwell, AP, O’Neill, KM, Walsh, CP, Anney, R, Ning, Z., O’Keeffe, G, Moore, T, Magee, AC, Stewart, FJ, Muir, A, McOsker, J, Jardine, T, Wilson, A, McKeown, P, McKay, L, Scala, S, Winship, I, Jeffers, L, Thornton, C, Morrison, PJ, Ward, A, Turner, J, Byrne, M, Casey, J, J Toner, G, Harrison, A, Pentieva, K, McNulty, H, Parle-McDermott, A, MacEwen, CJ, Ozaki, M., Parle-McDermott, A., Cattell, N, Duffy, S, McKnight, AJ, Heagerty, AHM, Leigh, IM, Pourreyron, C, Szeverenyi, I, Smith, FJ, Swan, EJ, Smyth, LJ, Kilner, J, Connolly, S, Heron, E, Fahey, C, Byrne, S, McLaughlin, R, Kenna, K, Bradley, D G, Gill, M, Hardiman, O, Corvin, AP, Morris, DW, and Evenepoel, L

Subjects
Abstract, Article
Published
2013

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