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We study the representations of the simple affine vertex algebras at non-admissible level arising from rank one 4D SCFTs. In particular, we classify the irreducible highest weight modules of $L_{-2}(G_2)$ and $L_{-2}(B_3)$. It is known by the works of Adamovi\'{c} and Per\v{s}e that these vertex algebras can be conformally embedded into $L_{-2}(D_4)$. We also compute the associated variety of $L_{-2}(G_2)$, and show that it is the orbifold of the associated variety of $L_{-2}(D_4)$ by the symmetric group of degree 3 which is the Dynkin diagram automorphism group of $D_4$. This provides a new interesting example of associated variety satisfying a number of conjectures in the context of orbifold vertex algebras., Comment: 29 pages

For any double Poisson algebra, we produce a double Poisson vertex algebra using the jet algebra construction. We show that this construction is compatible with the representation functor which associates to any double Poisson (vertex) algebra and any positive integer a Poisson (vertex) algebra. We also consider related constructions, such as Poisson reductions and Hamiltonian reductions, with the aim of comparing the different corresponding categories. This allows us to provide various interesting examples of double Poisson vertex algebras, in particular from double quivers., Comment: 69 pages, 7 figures. Comments are welcome

Bernstein-Schwarzman conjectured that the quotient of a complex affine space by an irreducible complex crystallographic group generated by reflections is a weighted projective space. The conjecture was proved by Schwarzman and Tokunaga-Yoshida in dimension 2 for almost all such groups, and for all crystallographic reflection groups of Coxeter type by Looijenga, Bernstein-Schwarzman and Kac-Peterson in any dimension. We prove that the conjecture is true for the crystallographic reflection group in dimension 3 for which the associated collineation group is Klein's simple group of order 168. In this case the quotient is the 3-dimensional weighted projective space with weights 1, 2, 4, 7. The main ingredient in the proof is the computation of the algebra of invariant theta functions. Unlike the Coxeter case, the invariant algebra is not free polynomial, and this was the major stumbling block., Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure. Final version typeset in the EPIGA style

Klein's simple group $H$ of order $168$ is the automorphism group of the plane quartic curve $C$, called Klein quartic. By Torelli Theorem, the full automorphism group $G$ of the Jacobian $J=J(C)$ is the group of order $336$, obtained by adding minus identity to $H$. The quotient variety $J/G$ can be alternatively represented as the quotient $\mathbb C^3/\tilde G$ of the complex $3$-space by the complex crystallographic group $\tilde G$, the extension of $G$ by the period lattice of the Klein quartic. Moreover, it turns out that $\tilde G$ is generated by affine complex reflections. According to a conjecture of Bernstein--Schwarzman, a quotient of $\mathbb C^n$ by an irreducible complex crystallographic group generated by reflections is a weighted projective space. The conjecture is known in dimension two and for complexifications of the real crystallographic groups generated by reflections. The case of $\tilde G$ is the first, and in a sense the smallest of the unknown cases. We compute the orbits and the stabilizers of the action of $G$ on $J$ and deduce that $J/G=\mathbf C^3/\tilde G$ is a strongly simply connected variety with the same singularities as the weighted projective space $\mathbb P(1,2,4,7)$., Comment: Minor changes; typos and small imprecisions corrected, 4 references added

We apply results from the geometry of nilpotent orbits and nilpotent Slodowy slices, together with modularity and asymptotic analysis of characters, to prove many new isomorphisms between affine W-algebras and affine Kac-Moody vertex algebras and their finite extensions at specific admissible levels. In particular we identify many new collapsing levels for W-algebras., Comment: 92 pages. Minor corrections to text and to data tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:math/0510205 by other authors

We give a simple description of the closure of the nilpotent orbits appearing as associated varieties of admissible affine vertex algebras in terms of primitive ideals., Comment: Proc. Lond. Math Soc. (published online)

In this note, we prove that the universal affine vertex algebra associated with a simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ is simple if and only if the associated variety of its unique simple quotient is equal to $\mathfrak{g}^*$. We also derive an analogous result for the quantized Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction applied to the universal affine vertex algebra., Comment: 21 pages in English

There are several interesting filtrations on the Cartan subalgebra of a complex simple Lie algebra coming from very different contexts: one is the principal filtration coming from the Langlands dual, one is coming from the Clifford algebra associated with a non-degenerate invariant bilinear form, one is coming from the symmetric algebra and the Chevalley projection, and two other ones are coming from the enveloping algebra and Harish-Chandra projections. It is now known that all these filtrations coincide. This results from a combination of works of several authors (Rohr, Joseph, Alekseev and the second named author), and was essentially conjectured by Kostant. In this paper, we establish a direct correspondence between the enveloping filtration and the symmetric filtration for a simple Lie algebra of type A or C. Our proof is very different from Rohr and Joseph approaches. The idea is to use an explicit description of the symmetric and enveloping invariants in term of combinatorial objects, called weighted paths, in the crystal graph of the standard representation., Comment: 54 pages in English, 16 figures

We introduce the notion of chiral symplectic cores in a vertex Poisson variety, which can be viewed as analogs of symplectic leaves in Poisson varieties. As an application we show that any quasi-lisse vertex algebra is a quantization of the arc space of its associated variety, in the sense that its reduced singular support coincides with the reduced arc space of its associated variety. We also show that the coordinate ring of the arc space of Slodowy slices is free over its vertex Poisson center, and the latter coincides with the vertex Poisson center of the coordinate ring of the arc space of the dual of the corresponding simple Lie algebra., Comment: A number of mistakes corrected. This version will appear in Publications of the RIMS, special issue dedicated to Masaki Kashiwara

In this note, we show that the free generators of the Mishchenko-Fomenko subalgebra of a complex reductive Lie algebra, constructed by the argument shift method at a regular element, form a regular sequence. This result was proven by Serge Ovsienko in the type A at a regular and semisimple element. Our approach is very different, and is strongly based on geometric properties of the nilpotent bicone., Comment: The proof of the main result has been shortened. To appear in Selecta Math

Let $G$ be a complex connected reductive algebraic group. Given a spherical subgroup $H \subset G$ and a subset $I$ of the set of spherical roots of $G/H$, we define, up to conjugation, a spherical subgroup $H_I \subset G$ of the same dimension of $H$, called a satellite. We investigate various interpretations of the satellites. We also show a close relation between the Poincar\'{e} polynomials of the two spherical homogeneous spaces $G/H$ and $G/H_I$., Comment: 27 pages in English. Several minor changes and significantly improved exhibition. Main results unchanged. Accepted for publication in Algebraic Geometry journal

We investigate the irreducibility of the nilpotent Slodowy slices that appear as the associated variety of W-algebras. Furthermore, we provide new examples of vertex algebras whose associated variety has finitely many symplectic leaves., Comment: 20 pages

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra of rank $\ell$ over an algebraically closed field $\Bbbk$ of characteristic zero, and let $(e,h,f)$ be an $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-triple of g. Denote by $\mathfrak{g}^{e}$ the centralizer of $e$ in $\mathfrak{g}$ and by ${\rm S}(\mathfrak{g}^{e})^{\mathfrak{g}^{e}}$ the algebra of symmetric invariants of $\mathfrak{g}^{e}$. We say that $e$ is good if the nullvariety of some $\ell$ homogenous elements of ${\rm S}(\mathfrak{g}^{e})^{\mathfrak{g}^{e}}$ in $(\mathfrak{g}^{e})^{*}$ has codimension $\ell$. If $e$ is good then ${\rm S}(\mathfrak{g}^{e})^{\mathfrak{g}^{e}}$ is a polynomial algebra. In this paper, we prove that the converse of the main result of arXiv:1309.6993 is true. Namely, we prove that $e$ is good if and only if for some homogenous generating sequence $q_1,\ldots,q_\ell$, the initial homogenous components of their restrictions to $e+\mathfrak{g}^{f}$ are algebraically independent over $\Bbbk$., Comment: 26 pages in English. Minor corrections, improved exposition

We show that sheet closures appear as associated varieties of affine vertex algebras. Further, we give new examples of non-admissible affine vertex algebras whose associated variety is contained in the nilpotent cone. We also prove some conjectures from our previous paper and give new examples of lisse affine W-algebras., Comment: The second part of Theorem 1.1 (1) has been modified, and the second part of Theorem 1.1 (2) has been removed

We consider a lifting of Joseph ideals for the minimal nilpotent orbit closure to the setting of affine Kac-Moody algebras and find new examples of affine vertex algebras whose associated varieties are minimal nilpotent orbit closures. As an application we obtain a new family of lisse ($C_2$-cofinite) W-algebras that are not coming from admissible representations of affine Kac-Moody algebras., Comment: References and comments added in the introduction. Proof of Theorem 4.2 slightly correct. Conjecture 2 and 4 are corrected

We study in this paper the jet schemes of the closure of nilpotent orbits in a finite-dimensional complex reductive Lie algebra. For the nilpotent cone, which is the closure of the regular nilpotent orbit, all the jet schemes are irreducible. This was first observed by Eisenbud and Frenkel, and follows from a strong result of Musta\u{t}\c{a} (2001). Using induction and restriction of "little" nilpotent orbits in reductive Lie algebras, we show that for a large number of nilpotent orbits, the jet schemes of their closure are reducible. As a consequence, we obtain certain geometrical properties of these nilpotent orbit closures., Comment: 39 pages in English. Final version, to appear in Pacific J. of Math

Let g be a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra of rank r over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let e be a nilpotent element of g. Denote by g^e the centralizer of e in g and by S(g^e)^{g^e} the algebra of symmetric invariants of g^e. We say that e is good if the nullvariety of some r homogeneous elements of S(g^e)^{g^e} in the dual of g^{e} has codimension r. If e is good then S(g^e)^{g^e} is polynomial. The main result of this paper stipulates that if for some homogeneous generators of S(g^e)^{g^e}, the initial homogeneous component of their restrictions to e+g^f are algebraically independent, with (e,h,f) an sl2-triple of g, then e is good. As applications, we obtain new examples of nilpotent elements that verify the above polynomiality condition, in in simple Lie algebras of both classical and exceptional types. We also give a counter-example in type D_7., Comment: 59 pages. Final version, to appear in Math. Zeitschrift

For arbitrary connected reductive group G we consider the motivic integral over the arc space of an arbitrary Q-Gorenstein horospherical G-variety associated with a colored fan and prove a formula for the stringy E-function of a horospherical variety X which generalizes the one for toric varieties. We remark that in contrast to toric varieties the stringy E-function of a Gorenstein horospherical variety X may be not a polynomial if some cones in the fan of X have nonempty sets of colors. Using the stringy E-function, we can formulate and prove a new smoothness criterion for locally factorial horospherical varieties. We expect that this smoothness criterion holds for arbitrary spherical varieties., Comment: 27 pages, the proofs of Proposition 2.4 and Theorem 3.1 have been substantially modified, a general argument was added in the proof of Lemma 5.4., to appear in Compositio Math

Let g be a complex simple Lie algebra, and h be a Cartan subalgebra. In the end of 1990s, B. Kostant defined two filtrations on h, one using the Clifford algebras and the odd analogue of the Harish-Chandra projection $hc: Cl(g) \to Cl(h)$, and the other one using the canonical isomorphism $\check{h} = h^*$ (here $\check{h}$ is the Cartan subalgebra in the simple Lie algebra corresponding to the dual root system) and the adjoint action of the principal sl2-triple. Kostant conjectured that the two filtrations coincide. The two filtrations arise in very different contexts, and comparing them proved to be a difficult task. Y. Bazlov settled the conjecture for g of type A using explicit expressions for primitive invariants in the exterior algebra of g. Up to now this approach did not lead to a proof for all simple Lie algebras. Recently, A. Joseph proved that the second Kostant filtration coincides with the filtration on h induced by the generalized Harish-Chandra projection $(Ug \otimes g)^g \to Sh \otimes h$ and the evaluation at $\rho \in h^*$. In this note, we prove that Joseph's result is equivalent to the Kostant Conjecture. We also show that the standard Harish-Chandra projection $Ug \to Sh$ composed with evaluation at $\rho$ induces the same filtration on h., Comment: 10 pages

A connected algebraic group Q defined over a field of characteristic zero is quasi-reductive if there is an element of its dual of reductive type, that is such that the quotient of its stabiliser by the centre of Q is a reductive subgroup of GL(q), where q=Lie(Q). Due to results of M. Duflo, coadjoint representation of a quasi-reductive Q possesses a so called maximal reductive stabiliser and knowing this subgroup, defined up to a conjugation in Q, one can describe all coadjoint orbits of reductive type. In this paper, we consider quasi-reductive parabolic subalgebras of simple complex Lie algebras as well as all seaweed subalgebras of gl(n) and describe the classes of their maximal reductive stabilisers., Comment: 35 pages, 5 figures; International Mathematics Research Notices (2011) 45 pages

same as arXiv:0904.1778, Comment: duplicate of arXiv:0904.1778

For a finite dimensional complex Lie algebra, its index is the minimal dimension of stabilizers for the coadjoint action. A famous conjecture due to Elashvili says that the index of the centralizer of an element of a reductive Lie algebra is equal to the rank. That conjecture caught attention of several Lie theorists for years. In this paper we give an almost general proof of that conjecture., Comment: 27 pages in English. Lemmas 3.1 and 3.2 are removed. So Theorem 3.3 becomes Theorem 3.1 and its proof is simplified

We say that a finite dimensional Lie algebra is quasi-reductive if it has a linear form whose stabilizer for the coadjoint representation, modulo the center, is a reductive Lie algebra with a center consisting of semisimple elements. Parabolic subalgebras of a semisimple Lie algebra are not always quasi-reductive (except in types A or C by work of Panyushev). The classification of quasi-reductive parabolic subalgebras in the classical case has been recently achieved in unpublished work of Duflo, Khalgui and Torasso. In this paper, we investigate the quasi-reductivity of biparabolic subalgebras of reductive Lie algebras. Biparabolic (or seaweed) subalgebras are the intersection of two parabolic subalgebras whose sum is the total Lie algebra. As a main result, we complete the classification of quasi-reductive parabolic subalgebras of reductive Lie algebras by considering the exceptional cases., Comment: 20 pages

This note is a corrigendum to the previous version arXiv:0711.2735v3 published in J. Lie Theory. As it has been recently pointed out to me by Alexander Premet, Remark 3 of arXiv:0711.2735v3 is incorrect. We verify in this note thanks to recent results of Premet and Topley (see arXiv:1301.4653) that Theorem 25 of arXiv:0711.2735v3 remains correct in spite of this error., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.4653 by other authors

The nilpotent bicone of a finite dimensional complex reductive Lie algebra g is the subset of elements in g x g whose subspace generated by the components is contained in the nilpotent cone of g. The main result of this note is that the nilpotent bicone is a complete intersection. This affirmatively answers a conjecture of Kraft-Wallach concerning the nullcone. In addition, we introduce and study the characteristic submodule of g. The properties of the nilpotent bicone and the characteristic submodule are known to be very important for the understanding of the commuting variety and its ideal of definition. In order to study the nilpotent bicone, we introduce another subvariety, the principal bicone. The nilpotent bicone, as well as the principal bicone, are linked to jet schemes. We study their dimensions using arguments from motivic integration. Namely, we follow methods developed in http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0008002v5 ., Comment: 48 pages. Remark 8 has been modified; one sentence was not correct. We thank Kari Vilonen for pointing out this error

I prefer taking off this paper for the moment because of a mistake in the lemma 2.1 of the secund version. Precisely, in the proof of this lemma, it is not clear that the morphism $r\_j$ is flat, that I claim it., Comment: This paper has been withdrawn

The Iwasawa decomposition $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{k}_0 \oplus \hat{\mathfrak{a}}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{n}_0$ of the real semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}_0$ comes from its Cartan decomposition $\mathfrak{g}_0=\mathfrak{k}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{p}_0$. Then we get $\mathfrak{g}_0=\mathfrak{k}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{b}_0$ where $\mathfrak{b}_0=\hat{\mathfrak{a}}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{n}_0$. The question of knowing if the index were additive in the decomposition $\mathfrak{g}_0=\mathfrak{k}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{b}_0$ goes back M. Ra\"{i}s \cite{Rais}. In \cite{Moreau3}, I wrote that the index always is additive for this decomposition. Precisly, I claim that the index of $\mathfrak{b}$ is given by the following formula : ${\rm ind} \mathfrak{b} = {\rm rk \} \mathfrak{g} - {\rm rk \} \mathfrak{k}$, where $\mathfrak{b}$ is the complexification of $\mathfrak{b}_0$. This result is false in general. We actually have an inequality : ${\rm ind} \mathfrak{b} \geq {\rm rg \} \mathfrak{g} - {\rm rg \} \mathfrak{k}$. The goal of this paper is to correct this mistake. We resume the approach of \cite{Moreau3} to obtain this time the previous inequality. Then we give in more a characterization of the semisimple real Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}_0$ for which the index is additive in the decomposition $\mathfrak{g}_0=\mathfrak{k}_0 \oplus \mathfrak{b}_0$. Moreover, we study in this paper the quasi-reductive character of some subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}$. This is a new part in comparison with \cite{Moreau3}., Comment: 21 pages en francais

In \cite{indice}, we show the following result, conjectured by D. Panyushev \cite{Panyushev}, for $\g$ a semisimple Lie algebra: {\rm ind} \n(\g^{e}) = {\rm rk} \g-\dim \z(\g^{e}, where $\n(\g^{e})$ and $\z(\g^{e})$ are, respectively, the normaliser and the centre of the centraliser $\g^{e}$ of a nilpotent element $e$. This result is proved in \cite{indice} when $\g$ is a classical simple Lie algebra and when $e$ satisfies a certain property $(P)$. We present in this paper the computations, made using GAP4, which prove that distinguished, non-regular, nilpotent orbits in $E\_6$, $E\_7$, $E\_8$ and $F\_4$ satisfy the property $(P)$. This work completes the proof, presented in \cite{indice}, of the equality (\ref{princ}). The complete proof of this result was already presented in \cite{indice\_arxiv}., Comment: 34 pages en fran\c{c}ais

The index of a complex Lie algebra is the minimal codimension of its coadjoint orbits. Let us suppose $\g$ semisimple, then its index, ${\rm ind} \g$, is equal to its rank, ${\rm rk \g}$. The goal of this paper is to establish a simple general formula for the index of $\n(\g^{\xi})$, for $\xi$ nilpotent, where $\n(\g^{\xi})$ is the normaliser in $\g$ of the centraliser $\g^{\xi}$ of $\xi$. More precisely, we have to show the following result, conjectured by D. Panyushev \cite{Panyushev} : $${\rm ind} \n(\g^{\xi}) = {\rm rk \g}-\dim \z(\g^{\xi}),$$ where $\z(\g^{\xi})$ is the center of $\g^{\xi}$. D. Panyushev obtained in \cite{Panyushev} the inequality \hbox{${\rm ind} \n(\g^{\xi}) \geq {\rm rg \g}-\dim \z(\g^{\xi})$} and we show that the maximality of the rank of a certain matrix with entries in the symmetric algebra ${\cal S}(\g^{\xi})$ implies the other inequality. The main part of this paper consists of the proof of the maximality of the rank of this matrix., Comment: 54 pages en francais