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5. Phoenixin-14 as a novel direct regulator of porcine luteal cell functions†

Author

Mlyczyńska, Ewa, Kurowska, Patrycja, Wachowska, Dominika, Grzesiak, Małgorzata, Dupont, Joelle, and Rak, Agnieszka

Abstract

Phoenixin is a neuropeptide with a well-established role in the central regulation of reproductive processes; however, knowledge regarding its role in the ovary is limited. One of the main active phoenixin isoforms is phoenixin-14, which acts through G protein–coupled receptor 173. Our research hypothesis was that phoenixin-14 is expressed in porcine corpus luteum and exerts luteotropic action by affecting the endocrine function of luteal cells through G protein–coupled receptor 173 and protein kinase signaling. Luteal cells were cultured to investigate the effect of phoenixin-14 (1–1000 nM) on endocrine function. We showed that phoenixin-14 and G protein–coupled receptor 173 are produced locally in porcine corpus luteum and their levels change during the estrous cycle. We detected phoenixin-14 immunostaining in the cytoplasm and G protein–coupled receptor 173 in the cell membrane. Plasma phoenixin levels were highest during the early luteal phase. Interestingly, insulin, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and prostaglandins decreased phoenixin-14 levels in luteal cells. Phoenixin-14 increased progesterone, estradiol, and prostaglandin E2secretion, but decreased prostaglandin F2α, upregulated the expression of steroidogenic enzymes, and downregulated receptors for luteinizing hormone and prostaglandin. Also, phoenixin-14 increased the expression of G protein–coupled receptor 173 and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, protein kinase B, inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase A, and had mixed effect on AMP-activated protein kinase alpha and protein kinase C. G protein–coupled receptor 173 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 mediated the effect of phoenixin-14 on endocrine function of luteal cells. Our results suggest that phoenixin is produced by porcine luteal cells and can be a new regulator of their function.The levels of phoenixin-14 and G protein–coupled receptor 173 in the corpus luteum change during the estrous cycle in pigs and phoenixin-14 is downregulated by insulin, luteinizing hormone, P4, PGE2, and PGF2α; moreover, phoenixin-14 regulates steroids and prostaglandin synthesis via G protein–coupled receptor 173 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 kinase.Graphical Abstract

Published
2024
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6. Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Human Serum and Adipose Tissues and Stimulatory Effect of Naphthalene in Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells

Author

Mlyczyńska, Ewa, primary, Bongrani, Alice, additional, Rame, Christelle, additional, Węgiel, Małgorzata, additional, Maślanka, Anna, additional, Major, Piotr, additional, Zarzycki, Piotr, additional, Ducluzeau, Pierre-Henri, additional, De Luca, Arnaud, additional, Bourbao-Tournois, Celine, additional, Froment, Pascal, additional, Rak, Agnieszka, additional, and Dupont, Joëlle, additional

Published
2023
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10. The Apelinergic System: Apelin, ELABELA, and APJ Action on Cell Apoptosis: Anti-Apoptotic or Pro-Apoptotic Effect?

Author

Respekta, Natalia, Pich, Karolina, Dawid, Monika, Mlyczyńska, Ewa, Kurowska, Patrycja, and Rak, Agnieszka

Subjects
APELIN, PROTEIN kinase B, G protein coupled receptors, REGULATION of body fluids, PEPTIDES, PROTEIN kinases, PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-kinases
Abstract

The apelinergic system comprises two peptide ligands, apelin and ELABELA, and their cognate G-protein-coupled receptor, the apelin receptor APJ. Apelin is a peptide that was isolated from bovine stomach extracts; the distribution of the four main active forms, apelin-36, -17, -13, and pyr-apelin-13 differs between tissues. The mature form of ELABELA-32 can be transformed into forms called ELABELA-11 or -21. The biological function of the apelinergic system is multifaceted, and includes the regulation of angiogenesis, body fluid homeostasis, energy metabolism, and functioning of the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. This review summarises the mechanism of the apelinergic system in cell apoptosis. Depending on the cell/tissue, the apelinergic system modulates cell apoptosis by activating various signalling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (AKT), 5'AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK), and protein kinase A (PKA). Apoptosis is critically important during various developmental processes, and any dysfunction leads to pathological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and developmental defects. The purpose of this review is to present data that suggest a significant role of the apelinergic system as a potential agent in various therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. New Aspects of Corpus Luteum Regulation in Physiological and Pathological Conditions: Involvement of Adipokines and Neuropeptides

Author

Mlyczyńska, Ewa, primary, Kieżun, Marta, additional, Kurowska, Patrycja, additional, Dawid, Monika, additional, Pich, Karolina, additional, Respekta, Natalia, additional, Daudon, Mathilde, additional, Rytelewska, Edyta, additional, Dobrzyń, Kamil, additional, Kamińska, Barbara, additional, Kamiński, Tadeusz, additional, Smolińska, Nina, additional, Dupont, Joelle, additional, and Rak, Agnieszka, additional

Published
2022
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23. Apelin, APJ, and ELABELA: Role in Placental Function, Pregnancy, and Foetal Development—An Overview.

Author

Dawid, Monika, Mlyczyńska, Ewa, Jurek, Małgorzata, Respekta, Natalia, Pich, Karolina, Kurowska, Patrycja, Gieras, Wiktoria, Milewicz, Tomasz, Kotula-Balak, Małgorzata, and Rak, Agnieszka

Subjects
*FETAL development, *APELIN, *HUMAN life cycle, *PLACENTA, *EIGENFUNCTIONS
Abstract

The apelinergic system, which includes the apelin receptor (APJ) as well as its two specific ligands, namely apelin and ELABELA (ELA/APELA/Toddler), have been the subject of many recent studies due to their pleiotropic effects in humans and other animals. Expression of these factors has been investigated in numerous tissues and organs—for example, the lungs, heart, uterus, and ovary. Moreover, a number of studies have been devoted to understanding the role of apelin and the entire apelinergic system in the most important processes in the body, starting from early stages of human life with regulation of placental function and the proper course of pregnancy. Disturbances in the balance of placental processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, or hormone secretion may lead to specific pregnancy pathologies; therefore, there is a great need to search for substances that would help in their early diagnosis or treatment. A number of studies have indicated that compounds of the apelinergic system could serve this purpose. Hence, in this review, we summarized the most important reports about the role of apelin and the entire apelinergic system in the regulation of placental physiology and pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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