Search

Your search keyword '"Miyairi, Isao"' showing total 162 results
Start Over Author "Miyairi, Isao" Search Limiters Full Text
162 results on '"Miyairi, Isao"'

3. The consequence of financial incentives for not prescribing antibiotics: a Japan's nationwide quasi-experiment.

Author

Okubo, Yusuke, Nishi, Akihiro, Michels, Karin B, Nariai, Hiroki, Kim-Farley, Robert J, Arah, Onyebuchi A, Uda, Kazuhiro, Kinoshita, Noriko, and Miyairi, Isao

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Clinical Research, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Child, Communicable Diseases, Humans, Japan, Motivation, Prescriptions, Respiratory Tract Infections, National action plan on antimicrobial stewardship, financial incentive, propensity score-matching, difference-in-differences, Statistics, Public Health and Health Services, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundFor addressing antibiotic overuse, Japan designed a health care policy in which eligible medical facilities could claim a financial reward when antibiotics were not prescribed for early-stage respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. The policy was introduced in a pilot manner in paediatric clinics in April 2018.MethodsWe conducted a quasi-experimental, propensity score-matched, difference-in-differences (DID) design to determine whether the nationwide financial incentives for appropriate non-prescribing of antibiotics as antimicrobial stewardship [800 JPY (≈7.3 US D) per case] were associated with changes in prescription patterns, including antibiotics, and health care use in routine paediatric health care settings at a national level. Data consisted of 9 253 261 cases of infectious diseases in 553 138 patients treated at 10 180 eligible or ineligible facilities.ResultsA total of 2959 eligible facilities claimed 316 770 cases for financial incentives and earned 253 million JPY (≈2.29 million USD). Compared with ineligible facilities, the introduction of financial incentives in the eligible facilities was associated with an excess reduction in antibiotic prescriptions [DID estimate, -228.6 days of therapy (DOTs) per 1000 cases (95% CI, -272.4 to -184.9), which corresponded to a relative reduction of 17.8% (95% CI, 14.8 to 20.7)]. The introduction was also associated with excess reductions in drugs for respiratory symptoms [DID estimates, -256.9 DOTs per 1000 cases (95% CI, -379.3 to -134.5)] and antihistamines [DID estimate, -198.5 DOTs per 1000 cases (95% CI, -282.1 to -114.9)]. There was no excess in out-of-hour visits [DID estimate, -4.43 events per 1000 cases (95% CI, -12.8 to 3.97)] or hospitalizations [DID estimate, -0.08 events per 1000 cases (95% CI, -0.48 to 0.31)].ConclusionsOur findings suggest that financial incentives to medical facilities for not prescribing antibiotics were associated with reductions in prescriptions for antibiotics without adverse health care consequences. Japan's new health policy provided us with policy options for immediately reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions by relatively small financial incentives.

Published
2022

6. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli OX18 from a Fatal Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Case

Author

Lee, Kenichi, Iguchi, Atsushi, Uda, Kazuhiro, Matsumura, Sohshi, Miyairi, Isao, Ishikura, Kenji, Ohnishi, Makoto, Seto, Junji, Ishikawa, Kanako, Konishi, Noriko, Obata, Hiromi, Furukawa, Ichiro, Nagaoka, Hiromi, Morinushi, Hirotaka, Hama, Natsuki, Nomoto, Ryohei, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Kariya, Hideaki, Hamasaki, Mitsuhiro, and Iyoda, Sunao

Subjects
Nucleotide sequencing -- Case studies, Urinary tract infections -- Case studies -- Causes of, Genomics -- Case studies, Escherichia coli infections -- Case studies -- Diagnosis -- Complications and side effects, Hemolytic-uremic syndrome -- Case studies -- Causes of, DNA sequencing -- Case studies, Pediatric research, Health
Abstract

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a consequential foodborne pathogen worldwide. The most prevalent STEC O serogroups--O157, O26, O111, O103, O121, O145, and O45--cause severe symptoms, including bloody diarrhea and [...]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. 2566. Effect of CYP2C19 on Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics in Children with Malignancy or Inborn Errors in Immunity

Author

Shoji, Kensuke, primary, Hikino, Keiko, additional, Saito, Jumpei, additional, Matsui, Toshihiro, additional, Utano, Tomoyuki, additional, Takebayashi, Akira, additional, Tomizawa, Daisuke, additional, Kato, Motohiro, additional, Matsumoto, Kimikazu, additional, Ishikawa, Takashi, additional, Kawai, Toshinao, additional, Nakamura, Hidefumi, additional, Miyairi, Isao, additional, Terao, Chikashi, additional, and Mushiroda, Taisei, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infection After Living-donor Liver Transplantation in Children

Author

Shoji, Kensuke, Funaki, Takanori, Kasahara, Mureo, Sakamoto, Seisuke, Fukuda, Akinari, Vaida, Florin, Ito, Kenta, Miyairi, Isao, and Saitoh, Akihiko

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Liver Disease, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Transplantation, Pediatric, Digestive Diseases, Patient Safety, Organ Transplantation, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Bacteremia, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Liver Transplantation, Living Donors, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, liver transplantation, bacteremia, children, age, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Public Health and Health Services, Pediatrics, Clinical sciences, Paediatrics
Abstract

BackgroundPostoperative bloodstream infection (BSI) is the most important determinant of recipient morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation (LT). Children who underwent LT are at the highest risk of developing BSI because of the significant surgical intervention, use of multiple devices, and administration of immunosuppressive agents. However, information regarding the risk factors for BSI in children after LT is limited.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 210 children who underwent living-donor LT at the largest pediatric LT center in Japan. Patients' characteristics, blood culture results and clinical outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for BSI.ResultsAmong the 210 LT recipients, 53 (25%) recipients experienced 86 episodes of BSI during the observational period. The source of the BSI was identified only in 38%: catheter-related BSI (27%) peritonitis (7%), urinary tract infection (2%), pneumonia (1%) and infectious endocarditis (1%). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that body weight (P = 0.03), volume of blood loss during LT (P < 0.001) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia positivity (P = 0.04) were independently associated with the development of BSI. The risk factors for BSI differed when we analyzed the subjects according to age (≤24 months and >24 months), blood loss and pediatric end-stage liver disease/model for end-stage liver disease versus positive CMV antigenemia.ConclusionsThe volume of blood loss, postoperative CMV antigenemia positivity and body weight were associated with the development of BSI after LT in pediatric living-donor recipients. To identify the age-specific predictors of BSI in children who underwent LT, age-specific analyses are crucial.

Published
2015

15. Regional Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Provincial Medical Zone in Japan: a Multifaceted Approach

Author

Inoue, Kenji, primary, Kobayashi, Seiichi, additional, Sato, Keigo, additional, Kanno, Hitoshi, additional, Kantou, Rina, additional, Naganuma, Yuka, additional, Kawamura, Naomi, additional, Oike, Yasunori, additional, Kobayashi, Michio, additional, Yanai, Masaru, additional, Suzuki, Akira, additional, Kurai, Hanako, additional, Miyairi, Isao, additional, Kutsuna, Satoshi, additional, and Gu, Yoshiaki, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnant women: a propensity score matched analysis of the data from the COVID-19 Registry Japan

Author

Shoji, Kensuke, Tsuzuki, Shinya, Akiyama, Takayuki, Matsunaga, Nobuaki, Asai, Yusuke, Suzuki, Setsuko, Iwamoto, Noriko, Funaki, Takanori, Yamada, Masaki, Ozawa, Nobuaki, Yamaguchi, Koushi, Miyairi, Isao, and Ohmagari, Norio

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, Pregnancy Outcome, COVID-19, macromolecular substances, coronavirus disease 2019, propensity score matched analysis, AcademicSubjects/MED00290, Japan, Pregnancy, Major Article, Humans, Female, Pregnant Women, Registries, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Propensity Score, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Background Several studies have investigated whether pregnancy is a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19; however, the results remain controversial. In addition, the information regarding risk factors for developing severe COVID-19 in pregnant women is limited. Methods A retrospective cohort study analyzing the data from the nationwide COVID-19 registry in Japan was conducted. Propensity score matched analysis was performed to compare COVID-19 severity between pregnant and nonpregnant women. Multivariate analysis was also conducted to evaluate risk factors for developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in pregnant women. Results During the study period, 254 pregnant and 3752 nonpregnant women of reproductive age were identified. After propensity score matching, 187 pregnant women and 935 nonpregnant women were selected. A composite outcome of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 was more frequently observed in pregnant women than that of nonpregnant women (n=18, 9.6% vs. n=46, 4.9%; P=0.0155). In multivariate analysis, the presence of underlying diseases and being in the second-to-third trimester of pregnancy were recognized as risk factors for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in pregnant women (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 5.295 [1.21-23.069] and 3.871 [1.201-12.477], respectively). Conclusions Pregnancy could be a risk factor for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 for women in Japan. In addition to the presence of comorbidities, advanced pregnancy stages may contribute to greater risks for developing moderate-to-severe COVID-19 in pregnant women.

Published
2022

17. Interventions for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli gastroenteritis and risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome: A population-based matched case control study

Author

Myojin, Shota, primary, Pak, Kyongsun, additional, Sako, Mayumi, additional, Kobayashi, Tohru, additional, Takahashi, Takuri, additional, Sunagawa, Tomimasa, additional, Tsuboi, Norihiko, additional, Ishikura, Kenji, additional, Kubota, Masaya, additional, Kubota, Mitsuru, additional, Igarashi, Takashi, additional, Morioka, Ichiro, additional, and Miyairi, Isao, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Reply to Schachter and Dawson

Author

Miyairi, Isao, Mahdi, Olaimatu S., Ouellette, Scot P., Belland, Robert J., and Byrne, Gerald I.

Published
2007

24. Measles antibody seropositivity among children with allergic diseases: A cross-sectional study in the Japan Environment & Children’s Pilot Study

Author

Saito-Abe, Mayako, primary, Yamamoto-Hanada, Kiwako, additional, Shoji, Kensuke, additional, Sato, Miori, additional, Irahara, Makoto, additional, Taniguchi, Yu, additional, Sekiyama, Makiko, additional, Mise, Nathan, additional, Ikegami, Akihiko, additional, Shimono, Masayuki, additional, Suga, Reiko, additional, Sanefuji, Masafumi, additional, Ohga, Shouichi, additional, Oda, Masako, additional, Mitsubuchi, Hiroshi, additional, Miyairi, Isao, additional, and Ohya, Yukihiro, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. RNA sequencing and target long-read sequencing reveal an intronic transposon insertion causing aberrant splicing

Author

Kawakami, Ryota, Hiraide, Takuya, Watanabe, Kazuki, Miyamoto, Sachiko, Hira, Kota, Komatsu, Kazuyuki, Ishigaki, Hidetoshi, Sakaguchi, Kimiyoshi, Maekawa, Masato, Yamashita, Keita, Fukuda, Tokiko, Miyairi, Isao, Ogata, Tsutomu, and Saitsu, Hirotomo

Abstract

More than half of cases with suspected genetic disorders remain unsolved by genetic analysis using short-read sequencing such as exome sequencing (ES) and genome sequencing (GS). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and long-read sequencing (LRS) are useful for interpretation of candidate variants and detection of structural variants containing repeat sequences, respectively. Recently, adaptive sampling on nanopore sequencers enables target LRS more easily. Here, we present a Japanese girl with premature chromatid separation (PCS)/mosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome. ES detected a known pathogenic maternal heterozygous variant (c.1402-5A>G) in intron 10 of BUB1B(NM_001211.6), a known responsive gene for PCS/MVA syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. Minigene splicing assay revealed that almost all transcripts from the c.1402-5G allele have mis-splicing with 4-bp insertion. GS could not detect another pathogenic variant, while RNA-seq revealed abnormal reads in intron 2. To extensively explore variants in intron 2, we performed adaptive sampling and identified a paternal 3.0 kb insertion. Consensus sequence of 16 reads spanning the insertion showed that the insertion consists of Aluand SVA elements. Realignment of RNA-seq reads to the new reference sequence containing the insertion revealed that 16 reads have 5’ splice site within the insertion and 3’ splice site at exon 3, demonstrating causal relationship between the insertion and aberrant splicing. In addition, immunoblotting showed severely diminished BUB1B protein level in patient derived cells. These data suggest that detection of transcriptomic abnormalities by RNA-seq can be a clue for identifying pathogenic variants, and determination of insert sequences is one of merits of LRS.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Reply to Béranger et al., “Integration of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in a Meropenem Population Pharmacokinetics Model in Critically Ill Children”

Author

Saito, Jumpei, primary, Shoji, Kensuke, additional, Oho, Yusuke, additional, Kato, Hiroki, additional, Matsumoto, Shotaro, additional, Aoki, Satoshi, additional, Nakamura, Hidefumi, additional, Ogawa, Takanori, additional, Hasegawa, Mayumi, additional, Yamatani, Akimasa, additional, and Miyairi, Isao, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results