Search

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most catastrophic events that mankind has seen in the 21st century. It imposed a massive psychological strain on every segment of the population, especially on health care providers who were and are exposed to elevated infection risks. Objective: To assess the frequency of stress, anxiety and depression among Physical therapists and their coping strategies during COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 189 Physical therapists was undertaken in the 3rd COVID-19 wave during May and June. The questionnaire contained demographic information as well as inquired whether or not the respondents were contacted by COVID-19 patients at their workplace. DASS–21 was used to investigate the frequency of stress, anxiety, and depression and a 12-item checklist of the preferred coping strategies was completed by physical therapists, and results were analyzed by SPSS-21. The study was completed within 4 months. Results: Among 189 physical therapists with a mean age of 27±3.34, 78 (41.3%) were males and 111 (58.7%) were females. Fifty (26.4%) of the participants reported moderate to severe depression levels. Fifty-seven (30.2%) reported moderate to severe anxiety levels and sixty-nine (36.5%) reported moderate to severe stress levels. The most commonly utilized coping strategy among all physical therapists was "taking protective measures (washing hands, wearing masks and measuring temp.)” during this pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a substantial negative impact on the physiotherapist’s mental health. A significant percentage of them reported negative emotional states, despite the declining positivity ratio in COVID during the months of data collection. These results indicate that mental health should not be overlooked in the event of a pandemic, and physical therapists should be provided with psychological support, with an emphasis on effective coping strategies during this pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19; Physical therapists; Stress; Anxiety; Depression; Coping strategies

This research is an extension of classical statistics distribution theory as the theory did not deal with the problems having ambiguity, impreciseness, or indeterminacy. An important life-time distribution called Beta distribution from classical statistics is proposed by considering the indeterminate environment and named the new proposed distribution as neutrosophic beta distribution. Various distributional properties like mean, variance, moment generating function, r-th moment order statistics that includes smallest order statistics, largest order statistics, joint order statistics, and median order statistics are derived. The parameters of the proposed distribution are estimated via maximum likelihood method. Proposed distribution is applied on two real data sets and goodness of fit is assessed through AIC and BIC criteria’s. The estimates of the proposed distribution suggested a better fit than the classical form of Beta distribution and recommended to use when the data in the interval form follows a Beta distribution and have some sort of indeterminacy.

Objective: To identify the characteristics of women in consanguineous marriage and their effects on reproductive behavior, adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Oct 2017. Methodology: After fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients were divided into two groups, consanguineous and non-consanguineous group. Data was collected at the time of delivery, whether vaginal delivery or cesarean section. It included demographic profile and clinical factors. Then all the newborn babies were followed up to discharge from the hospital for neonatal outcomes. Results: There were 1381 participants included in the study. First cousin marriages accounted for 31.1%, second cousin marriages 14.3% and those not in relation were 54.6%. Consanguinity had significant association with age (p=0.03) and ethnicity (p=006). Significant association with consanguinity was found for threatened preterm labour (p=0.04), preterm delivery (p=0.04), nursery admissions (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the associated factors, awareness and practices regarding myopia in the general population attending outpatient department of Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among visitors coming to outpatient department of Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre, Karachi Pakistan from October to December 2018. General population (attendants and patients coming for check-ups) aged 16-40 years of either gender were consecutively enrolled. Information regarding participant’s eyesight, awareness and practices towards myopia were noted. Results: Majority of the participants were myopic. Among these myopic, a small number of individuals got their eyesight checked. A significant association of eyesight checked by doctor was found with presence of myopia (p-value

We report our experience with topiramate rectal suspensions in a single center case series of three patients <1 year of age from 2017 to 2020 who received topiramate per rectum after being placed nil per os (NPO) status at a free standing children's hospital. The objective was to describe the compounding methods and clinical outcomes of three of the youngest patients to receive topiramate rectal suspensions. All three patients received topiramate per rectum for 2-4 days. No adverse effects or increase in seizure frequency were noted. For patients placed on NPO status, there is currently no alternative to oral topiramate. No studies describe per rectum topiramate use in pediatrics. Rectal administration of topiramate is not only useful in times when patients are NPO, but may also be useful when patients on topiramate experience status epilepticus. The formulation of topiramate suppositories should be explored in the future. Until further information is available, dose substitution should be done carefully with close supervision by a healthcare provider., (Published by Elsevier Ltd.)