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1. Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Author

Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, CW, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul TJ, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, and Zhou, Shu-Feng

Subjects
Carcinogens, Consumer Product Safety, European Union, Food Safety, Glycine, Herbicides, Humans, International Agencies, Neoplasms, CANCER, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, Environmental epidemiology, PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY, TOXICOLOGY
Published
2016

2. IARC monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans.

Author

Pearce, Neil, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier Alberto, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Cristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela Cecilia, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Costantini, Adele Seniori, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, and Silverman, Debra T

Subjects
Humans, Neoplasms, Carcinogens, Environmental, Public Health, Biomedical Research, Publications, International Agencies, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology
Abstract

BackgroundRecently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans.ObjectivesThe authors of this Commentary are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We examined criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. Here, we present the results of that examination, review the history of IARC evaluations, and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed.DiscussionWe concluded that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various disciplines and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed.ConclusionsThe IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public's health.

Published
2015

5. Correspondence

Author

Pratt, David S., Rask-Andersen, Anna, Mirer, Franklin E., Park, Robert M., Chiazze, Leonard, Watkins, Deborah K., and Fryar, Cheryl

Published
1993

6. Cumulative trauma disorders of the hand and wrist in the auto industry

Author

Nelson, Nancy A., Park, Robert M., Silverstein, Michael A., and Mirer, Franklin E.

Subjects
Cumulative trauma disorders -- Surveys, Automobile industry workers -- Injuries, Automobile industry -- Health aspects, Government, Health care industry
Abstract

Surveillance for cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) of the hand and wrist was carried out in five US automotive plants from 1985 to 1986, using Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Form 200 injury and illness logs and medical insurance claims. Results using both record sources indicated that hand and wrist disorders may be more common in foundries than in other types of automotive plants. Similarly, in assembly plants, employees in certain departments appeared to be at higher risk for CTDs. Although our results are based on small numbers of cases, they suggest plants and departments that might be targeted for more detailed investigation. (Am J Public Health. 1992;82: 1550-1552)

Published
1992

7. IARC Monographs: 40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans

Author

Pearce, Neil Blair, Aaron Vineis, Paolo Ahrens, Wolfgang and Andersen, Aage Anto, Josep M. Armstrong, Bruce K. and Baccarelli, Andrea A. Beland, Frederick A. Berrington, Amy and Bertazzi, Pier Alberto Birnbaum, Linda S. Brownson, Ross C. and Bucher, John R. Cantor, Kenneth P. Cardis, Elisabeth and Cherrie, John W. Christiani, David C. Cocco, Pierluigi and Coggon, David Comba, Pietro Demers, Paul A. Dement, John M. and Douwes, Jeroen Eisen, Ellen A. Engel, Lawrence S. and Fenske, Richard A. Fleming, Lora E. Fletcher, Tony Fontham, Elizabeth Forastiere, Francesco Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer and Fritschi, Lin Gerin, Michel Goldberg, Marcel Grandjean, Philippe Grimsrud, Tom K. Gustavsson, Per Haines, Andy and Hartge, Patricia Hansen, Johnni Hauptmann, Michael Heederik, Dick Hemminki, Kari Hemon, Denis Hertz-Picciotto, Irva and Hoppin, Jane A. Huff, James Jarvholm, Bengt Kang, Daehee and Karagas, Margaret R. Kjaerheim, Kristina Kjuus, Helge and Kogevinas, Manolis Kriebel, David Kristensen, Petter and Kromhout, Hans Laden, Francine Lebailly, Pierre LeMasters, Grace Lubin, Jay H. Lynch, Charles F. Lynge, Elsebeth and Mannetje, Andrea `t McMichael, Anthony J. McLaughlin, John R. and Marrett, Loraine Martuzzi, Marco Merchant, James A. and Merler, Enzo Merletti, Franco Miller, Anthony Mirer, Franklin E. Monson, Richard Nordby, Karl-Cristian Olshan, Andrew F. Parent, Marie-Elise Perera, Frederica P. Perry, Melissa J. Pesatori, Angela Cecilia Pirastu, Roberta Porta, Miquel Pukkala, Eero Rice, Carol Richardson, David B. and Ritter, Leonard Ritz, Beate Ronckers, Cecile M. Rushton, Lesley Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Rusyn, Ivan Samet, Jonathan M. and Sandler, Dale P. de Sanjose, Silvia Schernhammer, Eva and Costantini, Adele Seniori Seixas, Noah Shy, Carl and Siemiatycki, Jack Silverman, Debra T. Simonato, Lorenzo and Smith, Allan H. Smith, Martyn T. Spinelli, John J. Spitz, Margaret R. Stallones, Lorann Stayner, Leslie T. Steenland, Kyle Stenzel, Mark Stewart, Bernard W. Stewart, Patricia A. and Symanski, Elaine Terracini, Benedetto Tolbert, Paige E. and Vainio, Harri Vena, John Vermeulen, Roel Victora, Cesar G. and Ward, Elizabeth M. Weinberg, Clarice R. Weisenburger, Dennis and Wesseling, Catharina Weiderpass, Elisabete Zahm, Shelia Hoar

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans. OBJECTIVES: The authors of this Commentary are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We examined criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. Here, we present the results of that examination, review the history of IARC evaluations, and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed. DISCUSSION: We concluded that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various disciplines and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed. CONCLUSIONS: The IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public’s health.

Published
2015

8. IARC Monographs : 40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans

Author

Pearce, Neil E, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier A, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Kristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela C, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Seniori Constantini, Adele, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, Silvermann, Debra T, Simonato, Lorenzo, Smith, Allan H, Smith, Martyn T, Spinelli, John J, Spitz, Margaret R, Stallones, Lorann, Stayner, Leslie T, Steenland, Kyle, Stenzel, Mark, Stewart, Bernard W, Stewart, Patricia A, Symanski, Elaine, Terracini, Benedetto, Tolbert, Paige E, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John, Vermeulen, Roel, Victora, Cesar G, Ward, Elizabeth M, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weisenburger, Dennis, Wesseling, Catharina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Zahm, Shelia H, Risk Assessment, Infection & Immunity, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), CCA -Cancer Center Amsterdam, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Paediatric Oncology, The University of Sydney, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut Armand Frappier (INRS-IAF), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS), Movement Disorders and Tourette Centre, Rockefeller University [New York], Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Plymouth University, Siemens [New York], Siemens AG [Munich], Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Rockefeller University, Risk Assessment, Infection & Immunity, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), The University of Sydney [Sydney], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Institut Armand Frappier ( INRS-IAF ), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] ( INRS ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut Armand Frappier, Rockefeller University, New York, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal ( CRCHUM ), and Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics ( MEB )

Subjects
Pathology, Biomedical Research, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 Environmental Sciences, Toxicology, MESH: Carcinogens, Environmental, 0302 clinical medicine, CANCER-EPIDEMIOLOGY, Neoplasms, Epidemiology of cancer, PLEA, PROGRAM, Medicine, MESH: Neoplasms, Càncer, health care economics and organizations, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Cancer, 0303 health sciences, Publications, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, MESH : Publications, POLICY, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, PUBLIC-HEALTH, Public Health, MESH: Public Health, MESH : Biomedical Research, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, International agency, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Public Health, education, MESH : International Agencies, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, macromolecular substances, MESH: Publications, MESH : Carcinogens, Environmental, MESH: International Agencies, 03 medical and health sciences, Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin, ADHERENCE, Environmental health, Humans, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, MESH: Humans, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, MESH: Biomedical Research, MESH : Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, RECIPE, International Agencies, PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING SCIENCE, Occupational Health and Environmental Health, MESH : Neoplasms, Carcinogens, Environmental, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700, Commentary, business, FALSE, Cancerígens, Environmental Sciences, EPIDEMIOLOGIC ENTERPRISE
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also for the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that failures of IARC Working Groups to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans.OBJECTIVES: The authors of this Commentary are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We examined criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. Here, we present the results of that examination, review the history of IARC evaluations, and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed.DISCUSSION: We concluded that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various disciplines and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed.CONCLUSIONS: The IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public's health.CITATION: Pearce N, Blair A, Vineis P, Ahrens W, Andersen A, Anto JM, Armstrong BK, Baccarelli AA, Beland FA, Berrington A, Bertazzi PA, Birnbaum LS, Brownson RC, Bucher JR, Cantor KP, Cardis E, Cherrie JW, Christiani DC, Cocco P, Coggon D, Comba P, Demers PA, Dement JM, Douwes J, Eisen EA, Engel LS, Fenske RA, Fleming LE, Fletcher T, Fontham E, Forastiere F, Frentzel-Beyme R, Fritschi L, Gerin M, Goldberg M, Grandjean P, Grimsrud TK, Gustavsson P, Haines A, Hartge P, Hansen J, Hauptmann M, Heederik D, Hemminki K, Hemon D, Hertz-Picciotto I, Hoppin JA, Huff J, Jarvholm B, Kang D, Karagas MR, Kjaerheim K, Kjuus H, Kogevinas M, Kriebel D, Kristensen P, Kromhout H, Laden F, Lebailly P, LeMasters G, Lubin JH, Lynch CF, Lynge E, 't Mannetje A, McMichael AJ, McLaughlin JR, Marrett L, Martuzzi M, Merchant JA, Merler E, Merletti F, Miller A, Mirer FE, Monson R, Nordby KC, Olshan AF, Parent ME, Perera FP, Perry MJ, Pesatori AC, Pirastu R, Porta M, Pukkala E, Rice C, Richardson DB, Ritter L, Ritz B, Ronckers CM, Rushton L, Rusiecki JA, Rusyn I, Samet JM, Sandler DP, de Sanjose S, Schernhammer E, Seniori Costantini A, Seixas N, Shy C, Siemiatycki J, Silverman DT, Simonato L, Smith AH, Smith MT, Spinelli JJ, Spitz MR, Stallones L, Stayner LT, Steenland K, Stenzel M, Stewart BW, Stewart PA, Symanski E, Terracini B, Tolbert PE, Vainio H, Vena J, Vermeulen R, Victora CG, Ward EM, Weinberg CR, Weisenburger D, Wesseling C, Weiderpass E, Zahm SH. 2015. IARC Monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans. Environ Health Perspect 123:507-514; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409149.

Published
2015

9. Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Author

Sub ISEP overig, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Organisation Studies, dIRAS RA-2, Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, C W, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul T J, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhou, Shu-Feng, Sub ISEP overig, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Organisation Studies, dIRAS RA-2, Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, C W, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul T J, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, and Zhou, Shu-Feng

Published
2016

10. Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Author

Sub IER overig, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Organisation Studies, dIRAS RA-2, Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, C W, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul T J, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhou, Shu-Feng, Sub IER overig, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Organisation Studies, dIRAS RA-2, Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, C W, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul T J, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, and Zhou, Shu-Feng

Published
2016

11. IARC Monographs: 40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans

Author

Risk Assessment, Infection & Immunity, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Pearce, Neil E, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier A, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Kristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela C, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Seniori Constantini, Adele, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, Silvermann, Debra T, Simonato, Lorenzo, Smith, Allan H, Smith, Martyn T, Spinelli, John J, Spitz, Margaret R, Stallones, Lorann, Stayner, Leslie T, Steenland, Kyle, Stenzel, Mark, Stewart, Bernard W, Stewart, Patricia A, Symanski, Elaine, Terracini, Benedetto, Tolbert, Paige E, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John, Vermeulen, Roel, Victora, Cesar G, Ward, Elizabeth M, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weisenburger, Dennis, Wesseling, Catharina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Zahm, Shelia H, Risk Assessment, Infection & Immunity, dIRAS RA-I&I RA, dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI GRA (Gezh.risico-analyse), LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Pearce, Neil E, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier A, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Kristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela C, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Seniori Constantini, Adele, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, Silvermann, Debra T, Simonato, Lorenzo, Smith, Allan H, Smith, Martyn T, Spinelli, John J, Spitz, Margaret R, Stallones, Lorann, Stayner, Leslie T, Steenland, Kyle, Stenzel, Mark, Stewart, Bernard W, Stewart, Patricia A, Symanski, Elaine, Terracini, Benedetto, Tolbert, Paige E, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John, Vermeulen, Roel, Victora, Cesar G, Ward, Elizabeth M, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weisenburger, Dennis, Wesseling, Catharina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Zahm, Shelia H

Published
2015

12. IARC Monographs:40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans

Author

Pearce, Neil E, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier A, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Kristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela C, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Seniori Constantini, Adele, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, Silvermann, Debra T, Simonato, Lorenzo, Smith, Allan H, Smith, Martyn T, Spinelli, John J, Spitz, Margaret R, Stallones, Lorann, Stayner, Leslie T, Steenland, Kyle, Stenzel, Mark, Stewart, Bernard W, Stewart, Patricia A, Symanski, Elaine, Terracini, Benedetto, Tolbert, Paige E, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John, Vermeulen, Roel, Victora, Cesar G, Ward, Elizabeth M, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weisenburger, Dennis, Wesseling, Catharina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Zahm, Shelia H, Pearce, Neil E, Blair, Aaron, Vineis, Paolo, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Andersen, Aage, Anto, Josep M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Beland, Frederick A, Berrington, Amy, Bertazzi, Pier A, Birnbaum, Linda S, Brownson, Ross C, Bucher, John R, Cantor, Kenneth P, Cardis, Elisabeth, Cherrie, John W, Christiani, David C, Cocco, Pierluigi, Coggon, David, Comba, Pietro, Demers, Paul A, Dement, John M, Douwes, Jeroen, Eisen, Ellen A, Engel, Lawrence S, Fenske, Richard A, Fleming, Lora E, Fletcher, Tony, Fontham, Elizabeth, Forastiere, Francesco, Frentzel-Beyme, Rainer, Fritschi, Lin, Gerin, Michel, Goldberg, Marcel, Grandjean, Philippe, Grimsrud, Tom K, Gustavsson, Per, Haines, Andy, Hartge, Patricia, Hansen, Johnni, Hauptmann, Michael, Heederik, Dick, Hemminki, Kari, Hemon, Denis, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hoppin, Jane A, Huff, James, Jarvholm, Bengt, Kang, Daehee, Karagas, Margaret R, Kjaerheim, Kristina, Kjuus, Helge, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kriebel, David, Kristensen, Petter, Kromhout, Hans, Laden, Francine, Lebailly, Pierre, LeMasters, Grace, Lubin, Jay H, Lynch, Charles F, Lynge, Elsebeth, 't Mannetje, Andrea, McMichael, Anthony J, McLaughlin, John R, Marrett, Loraine, Martuzzi, Marco, Merchant, James A, Merler, Enzo, Merletti, Franco, Miller, Anthony, Mirer, Franklin E, Monson, Richard, Nordby, Karl-Kristian, Olshan, Andrew F, Parent, Marie-Elise, Perera, Frederica P, Perry, Melissa J, Pesatori, Angela C, Pirastu, Roberta, Porta, Miquel, Pukkala, Eero, Rice, Carol, Richardson, David B, Ritter, Leonard, Ritz, Beate, Ronckers, Cecile M, Rushton, Lesley, Rusiecki, Jennifer A, Rusyn, Ivan, Samet, Jonathan M, Sandler, Dale P, de Sanjose, Silvia, Schernhammer, Eva, Seniori Constantini, Adele, Seixas, Noah, Shy, Carl, Siemiatycki, Jack, Silvermann, Debra T, Simonato, Lorenzo, Smith, Allan H, Smith, Martyn T, Spinelli, John J, Spitz, Margaret R, Stallones, Lorann, Stayner, Leslie T, Steenland, Kyle, Stenzel, Mark, Stewart, Bernard W, Stewart, Patricia A, Symanski, Elaine, Terracini, Benedetto, Tolbert, Paige E, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John, Vermeulen, Roel, Victora, Cesar G, Ward, Elizabeth M, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weisenburger, Dennis, Wesseling, Catharina, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Zahm, Shelia H

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that IARC Working Groups' failures to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans.OBJECTIVES: The authors of this paper are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We have examined here criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. We review the history of IARC evaluations and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed.DISCUSSION: We conclude that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various discipline and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed.CONCLUSIONS: The IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public's health.

Published
2015

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