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Titanium-silicon ferrierites with different Si/Ti ratios and their delaminated forms were modified with copper by ion-exchange. The obtained samples were characterized with respect to their chemical composition (ICP-OES), structure (XRD), texture (Nsorption), morphology (SEM), form and aggregation of titanium and copper species (UV-vis-DRS), reducibility of deposited copper species (H-TPR) and surface acidity (NH-TPD). The porous structure of the zeolitic samples strongly influenced the form and aggregation of deposited copper species. In the case of the three dimensional microporous structure of ferrierites (Ti-FER), copper was deposited mainly in the form of aggregated copper oxide species, in contrast to the open micro- and mesoporous structure of delaminated ferrierites (Ti-ITQ-6), where mainly copper in the form of monomeric cations was identified. It was shown that monomeric copper cations are more catalytically active in NO to NOoxidation than aggregated copper oxide species and, therefore, for the low-temperature conversion of nitrogen oxides the fast SCR reaction pathway is more effective for delaminated ferrierites modified with copper (Cu-Ti-ITQ-6) than for microporous three dimensional ferrierite catalysts (Cu-Ti-FER).

[EN] In the presented studies an influence of different parameters, such as zeolite sample porosity, form of used iron source ([Fe-3(OAc)(6)O(H2O)(3)](+)oligocations or FeSO4 solutions) and method of iron species deposition (ion-exchange, impregnation), on the catalytic activity in the process of the selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH3-SCO) was studied. Conventional and mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolites, obtained by desilication and modified with iron species, were analysed with respect to their textural, surface and crystalline properties (N-2-sorption, HRTEM, SEM, XRD) as well as the form of introduced Fe species (UV-vis-DRS). Ion-exchange with [Fe-3(OAc)(6)O (H2O)(3)](+) oligocations and impregnation with these oligocations and FeSO4 solutions were found as the most effective methods of the zeolite samples activation for NH3-SCO.

[EN] In the presented manuscript an influence of the mesoporosity generation in commercial ZSM-5 zeolite on its catalytic performance in two environmental processes, such as NO reduction with ammonia (NH3SCR, Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3) and NH3 oxidation (NH3-SCO, Selective Catalytic Oxidation of NH3) was examined. Micro-mesoporous catalysts with the properties of ZSM-5 zeolite were obtained by desilication with NaOH and NaOH/TPAOH (tetrapropylammonium hydroxide) mixture with different ratios (TPA+/OH- = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and infinity) and for different durations (1, 2, 4 and 6 h). The results of the catalytic studies (over the Cu-exchanged samples) showed higher activity of this novel mesostructured group of zeolitic materials. Enhanced catalytic performance was related to the generated mesoporosity (improved Hierarchy Factor (HF) of the samples), that was observed especially with the use of Pore Directing Agent (PDA) additive, TPAOH. Applied desilication conditions did not influence significantly the crystallinity of the samples (X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD)), despite the treatment for 6 h in NaOH solution, which was found to be too severe to preserve the zeolitic properties of the samples. The modified porous structure and accessibility of acid sites (increased surface acidity determined by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD)) influenced the red-ox properties of copper species introduced by ion-exchange method (temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen (H-2-TPR). Increased acidity of the micro-mesoporous samples, as well as the content of easily reducible copper species resulted in a significant improvement of Cu-ZSM-5 catalytic efficiency in the NH3-SCR and NH3-SCO processes. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Clayey karstic sediments are typical of Zn-Pb deposits in the Bytom trough, Poland. Clays and other components are a residue from carbonate-marly rocks. Terrestrial (or mixed terrestrial/marine) characteristics of coaly intercalations and humic acids extracted from clays indicate that humic substances were transported in solutions from other sources. Residual clays were strongly kaolinitised. Pyrite, sphalerite and galena are disseminated in the clays. Clayey rocks rich in sulphides contain more bituminous substances than varieties devoid of sulphides. Differences in the lithology of carbonate-marly rocks in the Muschelkalk section are the main reason for the different development of karstic phenomena and different composition of karstic sediments in the Bytom trough., Clayey karstic sediments are typical of Zn-Pb deposits in the Bytom trough, Poland. Clays and other components are a residue from carbonate-marly rocks. Terrestrial (or mixed terrestrial/marine) characteristics of coaly intercalations and humic acids extracted from clays indicate that humic substances were transported in solutions from other sources. Residual clays were strongly kaolinitised. Pyrite, sphalerite and galena are disseminated in the clays. Clayey rocks rich in sulphides contain more bituminous substances than varieties devoid of sulphides. Differences in the lithology of carbonate-marly rocks in the Muschelkalk section are the main reason for the different development of karstic phenomena and different composition of karstic sediments in the Bytom trough.

Chlorine-containing illite, a widespread diagenetic mineral in the Weissliegendes sandstones from the Fore-Sudetic copper deposits, is an indicator of the presence of chlorine in diagenetic and metalliferous solutions. Copper chlorides and atacamite were probably the result of leaching of copper sulphides by chloride solutions. Occurrence of halite cement or halite and sylvite in secondary inclusions also indicate the presence of chlorine in pore waters., Chlorine-containing illite, a widespread diagenetic mineral in the Weissliegendes sandstones from the Fore-Sudetic copper deposits, is an indicator of the presence of chlorine in diagenetic and metalliferous solutions. Copper chlorides and atacamite were probably the result of leaching of copper sulphides by chloride solutions. Occurrence of halite cement or halite and sylvite in secondary inclusions also indicate the presence of chlorine in pore waters.

Besides clinical and anamnestic data, image information from CT-image data in the tumour border was used for classification of brain tumours. If the image regions are properly selected a classification rate of 85% is obtained with a hierarchic classifier, although our study is based on only 139 patients., Peer Reviewed

Numerous diagenetic events in the sandstones were identified. Several different sequences of diagentic processes resulted in the formation of different lithofacies; most of these processes started soon after the transgression of the Zechstein sea and burial. Petrological studies reveal that crystallisation of disseminated sulphides occurred at a relatively early diagenetic stage. Abundant sulphide cementation was a late diagenetic process often accompanied by massive quartz cementation in sandstones directly adjacent to the mineralised zones., Numerous diagenetic events in the sandstones were identified. Several different sequences of diagentic processes resulted in the formation of different lithofacies; most of these processes started soon after the transgression of the Zechstein sea and burial. Petrological studies reveal that crystallisation of disseminated sulphides occurred at a relatively early diagenetic stage. Abundant sulphide cementation was a late diagenetic process often accompanied by massive quartz cementation in sandstones directly adjacent to the mineralised zones.

The Myslenic region of Poland, south of Cracow, was a focus for many of the country's glass works in th 14th-17th centuries. The lithological features are presented for one possible source of raw materials for the industry that crop out in the Myslenice region of the Polish outer Carpathians: the Cretaceous siliceous rocks of the Silesian nappe, which include layered turbiditic Mikuszowice cherts and the Barnasiowka radiolarian shale formation. The formations are particularly rich in silica, including biogenic silica and detrital quartz. The source of the silica was the sponge spicules and skeletons of marine protozoa which lived in the Silesian basin during early Cretaceous times. The rocks were probably used for glass production in the Barnasiowka region during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period., The Myslenic region of Poland, south of Cracow, was a focus for many of the country's glass works in th 14th-17th centuries. The lithological features are presented for one possible source of raw materials for the industry that crop out in the Myslenice region of the Polish outer Carpathians: the Cretaceous siliceous rocks of the Silesian nappe, which include layered turbiditic Mikuszowice cherts and the Barnasiowka radiolarian shale formation. The formations are particularly rich in silica, including biogenic silica and detrital quartz. The source of the silica was the sponge spicules and skeletons of marine protozoa which lived in the Silesian basin during early Cretaceous times. The rocks were probably used for glass production in the Barnasiowka region during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period.

Silicate minerals are determined. Among them micaceous minerals and smectite besides which occur quartz and chlorite as well as insignificant amounts of kaolinite and mix-packeted minerals., Silicate minerals are determined. Among them micaceous minerals and smectite besides which occur quartz and chlorite as well as insignificant amounts of kaolinite and mix-packeted minerals.