92 results on '"Mcguinness, C."'
Search Results
2. Electronic structure of Tl-2201 and Ti-2212 studied resonant soft-x-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES)
- Author
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Guo, J.-H., Butorin, S.M., McGuinness, C., Downes, J., Smith, K., Chen, H., Johansson, L.-G., and Nordgren, J.
- Subjects
advanced light source als - Published
- 2002
3. Demonstration of electron acceleration in a laser-driven dielectric microstructure
- Author
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Peralta, E.A., Soong, K., England, R.J., Colby, E.R., Wu, Z., Montazeri, B., McGuinness, C., McNeur, J., Leedle, K.J., Walz, D., Sozer, E.B., Cowan, B., Schwartz, B., Travish, G., and Byer, R.L.
- Subjects
Dielectric devices -- Usage -- Technology application ,Electron accelerators -- Usage -- Technology application ,Lasers -- Usage -- Technology application ,Technology application ,Laser ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
The enormous size and cost of current state-of-the-art accelerators based on conventional radio-frequency technology has spawned great interest in the development of new acceleration concepts that are more compact and economical. Micro-fabricated dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs) are an attractive approach, because such dielectric microstructures can support accelerating fields one to two orders of magnitude higher than can radio-frequency cavity-based accelerators. DLAs use commercial lasers as a power source, which are smaller and less expensive than the radio-frequency klystrons that power today's accelerators. In addition, DLAs are fabricated via low-cost, lithographic techniques that can be used for mass production. However, despite several DLA structures having been proposed recently (1-4), no successful demonstration of acceleration in these structures has so far been shown. Here we report high-gradient (beyond 250 MeV [m.sup.-1]) acceleration of electrons in a DLA. Relativistic (60-MeV) electrons are energy-modulated over 563 ± 104 optical periods of a fused silica grating structure, powered by a 800-nm-wavelength mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. The observed results are in agreement with analytical models and electrodynamic simulations. By comparison, conventional modern linear accelerators operate at gradients of 10-30 MeV [m.sup.-1], and the first linear radio-frequency cavity accelerator was ten radio-frequency periods (one metre) long with a gradient of approximately 1.6 MeV [m.sup.-1] (ref. 5). Our results set the stage for the development of future multi-staged DLA devices composed of integrated on-chip systems. This would enable compact table-top accelerators on the MeV-GeV ([10.sup.6]-[10.sup.9] eV) scale for security scanners and medical therapy, university-scale X-ray light sources for biological and materials research, and portable medical imaging devices, and would substantially reduce the size and cost of a future collider on the multi-TeV ([10.sup.12] eV) scale., In a dielectric laser accelerator, the large-amplitude fields responsible for the accelerating force are provided by a laser pulse. Of particular interest are lasers that operate in the optical or [...]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Evaluation of ResistancePlus MG FleXible, a 'near- patient' test for the detection of Mycoplasma genitalium and macrolide resistance mutations, using freshly collected clinical samples
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Murray, GL, Doyle, M, Bodiyabadu, K, Vodstrcil, LA, Garland, SM, Danielewski, J, Machalek, DA, McGuinness, C, Plummer, EL, De Petra, V, Williamson, DA, Bradshaw, CS, Murray, GL, Doyle, M, Bodiyabadu, K, Vodstrcil, LA, Garland, SM, Danielewski, J, Machalek, DA, McGuinness, C, Plummer, EL, De Petra, V, Williamson, DA, and Bradshaw, CS
- Abstract
Introduction. Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted pathogen with increasing resistance to first- and second-line antimicrobials. The 'near-patient test' ResistancePlus MG FleXible (SpeeDx) detects M. genitalium plus four macrolide resistance mutations (MRMs), facilitating same-day patient follow up.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. This assay has not been assessed on freshly collected samples.Aim. Our goal was to evaluate the performance of the ResistancePlus MG FleXible test against the standard of care open platform test.Methods. ResistancePlus MG FleXible (analysed on the Cepheid GeneXpert platform) was evaluated on freshly collected samples and compared to the standard of care open platform test ResistancePlus MG (SpeeDx) analysed on the LightCycler 480 II (Roche).Results. For 270 valid tests, ResistancePlus MG FleXible yielded a high positive per cent agreement (PPA) of 94.1% [96/102; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 87.6-97.8 %] and negative per cent agreement (NPA) of 95.2% (160/168; 95 % CI: 90.8-97.9%) for M. genitalium detection compared to the reference assay (kappa for test concordance of 0.89; 95 % CI: 0.83-0.95). Performance was similar across different sample types. For the detection of MRMs, ResistancePlus MG FleXible had a PPA of 97.1% (66/68; 95% CI: 89.8-99.6) and NPA of 78.6% (22/28; 95 % CI: 59.0-91.7), with test comparison kappa of 0.79 (95 % CI: 0.65-0.93). Notably, of six discordant results (i.e. determined to be wild type by the reference assay), five were positive for MRMs by Sanger sequencing, indicating that the ResistancePlus MG FleXible assay has an improved performance for mutation detection.Conclusion. ResistancePlus MG FleXible had comparable test performance for M. genitalium detection as the open platform assay, with improved detection of MRMs. The ResistancePlus MG FleXible 'near-patient' assay can deliver a rapid result to expedite appropriate treatment.
- Published
- 2021
5. Predicting Proteolysis in Complex Proteomes Using Deep Learning
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Ozols, M, Eckersley, A, Platt, CI, Stewart-McGuinness, C, Hibbert, SA, Revote, J, Li, F, Griffiths, CEM, Watson, REB, Song, J, Bell, M, Sherratt, MJ, Ozols, M, Eckersley, A, Platt, CI, Stewart-McGuinness, C, Hibbert, SA, Revote, J, Li, F, Griffiths, CEM, Watson, REB, Song, J, Bell, M, and Sherratt, MJ
- Abstract
Both protease- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated proteolysis are thought to be key effectors of tissue remodeling. We have previously shown that comparison of amino acid composition can predict the differential susceptibilities of proteins to photo-oxidation. However, predicting protein susceptibility to endogenous proteases remains challenging. Here, we aim to develop bioinformatics tools to (i) predict cleavage site locations (and hence putative protein susceptibilities) and (ii) compare the predicted vulnerabilities of skin proteins to protease- and ROS-mediated proteolysis. The first goal of this study was to experimentally evaluate the ability of existing protease cleavage site prediction models (PROSPER and DeepCleave) to identify experimentally determined MMP9 cleavage sites in two purified proteins and in a complex human dermal fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteome. We subsequently developed deep bidirectional recurrent neural network (BRNN) models to predict cleavage sites for 14 tissue proteases. The predictions of the new models were tested against experimental datasets and combined with amino acid composition analysis (to predict ultraviolet radiation (UVR)/ROS susceptibility) in a new web app: the Manchester proteome susceptibility calculator (MPSC). The BRNN models performed better in predicting cleavage sites in native dermal ECM proteins than existing models (DeepCleave and PROSPER), and application of MPSC to the skin proteome suggests that: compared with the elastic fiber network, fibrillar collagens may be susceptible primarily to protease-mediated proteolysis. We also identify additional putative targets of oxidative damage (dermatopontin, fibulins and defensins) and protease action (laminins and nidogen). MPSC has the potential to identify potential targets of proteolysis in disparate tissues and disease states.
- Published
- 2021
6. ESUO - The European Synchrotron and FEL User Organisation: Aims and activities
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Aksoy, A., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., Cianci, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Karsli, Ö., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Kuzmin, A., Landau, M., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le-Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., McGuinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Mičetić, M., Mikulík, P., Padežnik Gomilšek, J., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Renault, L., Russell, A., Shivachev, B., Sobierajski, R., Stangl, J., Thissen, R., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Witkowska, A., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., (0000-0003-1178-9601) Schramm, B., Schultheiss, K., Vollmer, A., Aksoy, A., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., Cianci, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Karsli, Ö., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Kuzmin, A., Landau, M., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le-Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., McGuinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Mičetić, M., Mikulík, P., Padežnik Gomilšek, J., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Renault, L., Russell, A., Shivachev, B., Sobierajski, R., Stangl, J., Thissen, R., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Witkowska, A., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., (0000-0003-1178-9601) Schramm, B., Schultheiss, K., and Vollmer, A.
- Abstract
The European Synchrotron and free-electron laser User Organisation (ESUO) represents about 22.000 users from 30 European member states and associated countries. Each country is represented within ESUO by one up to four national delegate(s), depending on the size of the user community in the respective country. The ESUO aims and activities are shown in this poster.
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- 2020
7. The modernisation of the surgical house officer
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GOSSAGE, J A, MODARAI, B, McGUINNESS, C L, and BURNAND, K G
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- 2005
8. 692 Real-world effectiveness of dupilumab based on Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) and peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PNRS) scores
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Eichenfield, L.F., primary, Gadkari, A., additional, Armstrong, A.W., additional, Guttman-Yassky, E., additional, Lio, P., additional, Chen, C., additional, Hines, D.M., additional, McGuinness, C., additional, Fenton, M.C., additional, Miao, R., additional, Chen, Z., additional, Kaur, M., additional, Korotzer, A., additional, and Mallya, U.G., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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9. ESUO - The European Synchrotron and FEL User Organisation: Aims and activities
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Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., Vollmer, A., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., and Vollmer, A.
- Abstract
The European Synchrotron and free-electron laser User Organisation (ESUO) established in 2010 represents about 22.000 users. It is composed of 30 member countries. Our vision is to support a thriving (European) synchrotron and FEL user community with equal opportunities of access and participation for all scientists, based solely on the scientific merit of their ideas.
- Published
- 2019
10. ESUO - The European Synchrotron and FEL User Organisation
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Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Blasetti, C., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., Vollmer, A., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pietsch, U., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Blasetti, C., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., and Vollmer, A.
- Abstract
The European Synchrotron and free-electron laser User Organisation (ESUO) established in 2010 represents about 22.000 users. It is composed of 30 member countries. Our vision is to support a thriving (European) synchrotron and FEL user community with equal opportunities of access and participation for all scientists, based solely on the scientific merit of their ideas.
- Published
- 2019
11. The activities of the European Synchrotron and FEL User Organisation for even brighter European Photon Science
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Pietsch, U., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., Vollmer, A., Pietsch, U., Arčon, I., Arikan, P., Bittencourt, C., Boscherini, F., Braz Fernandes, F. M., Brooks, N., Casu, B., D'Astuto, M., Feiters, M., Froideval, A., Granroth, S., Gross, S., Gutt, C., Hase, T., Jablonska, K., Jergel, M., Khan, A., Kirm, M., Kokkinidis, M., Kövér, L., Lamba, D., Larsen, H. B., Lechner, R. T., Le Hir, R., Logan, D. T., López, O., Lorentz, K., Mariani, C., Marinkovic, B., Mcguinness, C., Meedom Nielsen, M., Micetic, M., Mickevicius, S., Mikulík, P., Petukhov, A., Pokroy, B., Purans, J., Renault, L., Santoro, G., Shivachev, B., Stangl, J., Tromp, M., Vankó, G., Blasetti, C., Freire Anselmo, A. S., Grobosch, M., Helm, M., Schramm, B., and Vollmer, A.
- Abstract
The European Synchrotron and FEL User Organisation (ESUO) represents about 22 000 users of the European synchrotron radiation (SR) and Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facilities, which offer various kinds of experiments ranging from physics over life sciences up to cultural heritage. Established in 2010, ESUO is composed of national delegates from 30 European member states and associated countries and is headed by an executive board of eight members. Our vision is to support a thriving (European) synchrotron and FEL user community with equal opportunities of access and participation for all scientists, based solely on the scientific merit of their ideas.
- Published
- 2019
12. PLANNING FOR FUTURE AGING IN THE FAMILY CONTEXT
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Konnert, C, primary, Speirs, C, additional, McGuinness, C, additional, Mori, C, additional, and Gorenko, J, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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13. Synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons from the 10,10′-dibromo-9,9′-bianthracene molecules on Ag(111): the role of organometallic intermediates
- Author
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Simonov, K. A., primary, Generalov, A. V., additional, Vinogradov, A. S., additional, Svirskiy, G. I., additional, Cafolla, A. A., additional, McGuinness, C., additional, Taketsugu, T., additional, Lyalin, A., additional, Mårtensson, N., additional, and Preobrajenski, A. B., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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14. Synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons from the 10,10 '-dibromo-9,9 '-bianthracene molecules on Ag(111) : the role of organometallic intermediates
- Author
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Simonov, Konstantin, Generalov, A. V., Vinogradov, A. S., Svirskiy, G. I., Cafolla, A. A., McGuinness, C., Taketsugu, T., Lyalin, A., Mårtensson, Nils, Preobrajenski, A. B., Simonov, Konstantin, Generalov, A. V., Vinogradov, A. S., Svirskiy, G. I., Cafolla, A. A., McGuinness, C., Taketsugu, T., Lyalin, A., Mårtensson, Nils, and Preobrajenski, A. B.
- Abstract
We investigate the bottom-up growth of N = 7 armchair graphene nanoribbons (7-AGNRs) from the 10,10'-dibromo-9,9'-bianthracene (DBBA) molecules on Ag(111) with the focus on the role of the organometallic (OM) intermediates. It is demonstrated that DBBA molecules on Ag(111) are partially debrominated at room temperature and lose all bromine atoms at elevated temperatures. Similar to DBBA on Cu(111), debrominated molecules form OM chains on Ag(111). Nevertheless, in contrast with the Cu(111) substrate, formation of polyanthracene chains from OM intermediates via an Ullmann-type reaction is feasible on Ag(111). Cleavage of C-Ag bonds occurs before the thermal threshold for the surface-catalyzed activation of C-H bonds on Ag(111) is reached, while on Cu(111) activation of C-H bonds occurs in parallel with the cleavage of the stronger C-Cu bonds. Consequently, while OM intermediates obstruct the Ullmann reaction between DBBA molecules on the Cu(111) substrate, they are required for the formation of polyanthracene chains on Ag(111). If the Ullmann-type reaction on Ag(111) is inhibited, heating of the OM chains produces nanographenes instead. Heating of the polyanthracene chains produces 7-AGNRs, while heating of nanographenes causes the formation of the disordered structures with the possible admixture of short GNRs.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Kinetics of HIV-1 capsid uncoating revealed by single-molecule analysis
- Author
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Marquez, CL, Lau, D, Walsh, J, Shah, V, McGuinness, C, Wong, A, Aggarwal, A, Parker, MW, Jacques, DA, Turville, S, Bocking, T, Marquez, CL, Lau, D, Walsh, J, Shah, V, McGuinness, C, Wong, A, Aggarwal, A, Parker, MW, Jacques, DA, Turville, S, and Bocking, T
- Abstract
Uncoating of the metastable HIV-1 capsid is a tightly regulated disassembly process required for release of the viral cDNA prior to nuclear import. To understand the intrinsic capsid disassembly pathway and how it can be modulated, we have developed a single-particle fluorescence microscopy method to follow the real-time uncoating kinetics of authentic HIV capsids in vitro immediately after permeabilizing the viral membrane. Opening of the first defect in the lattice is the rate-limiting step of uncoating, which is followed by rapid, catastrophic collapse. The capsid-binding inhibitor PF74 accelerates capsid opening but stabilizes the remaining lattice. In contrast, binding of a polyanion to a conserved arginine cluster in the lattice strongly delays initiation of uncoating but does not prevent subsequent lattice disassembly. Our observations suggest that different stages of uncoating can be controlled independently with the interplay between different capsid-binding regulators likely to determine the overall uncoating kinetics.
- Published
- 2018
16. The reliability and validity of a child and adolescent participation in decision making questionnaire
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O'Hare, L., Santin, O., Winter, K., and McGuinness, C.
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Children’s Views ,Looked-after children ,Cognitive Ability ,Measurement - Abstract
BackgroundThere is a growing impetus across the research, policy and practice communities for children and young people to participate in decisions that affect their lives. Furthermore, there is a dearth of general instruments that measure children and young people’s views on their participation in decision making. This paper presents the reliability and validity of the Child and Adolescent Participation in Decision Making Questionnaire (CAP-DMQ) and specifically looks at a population of looked-after children where a lack of participation in decision making is an acute issue.MethodsThe participants were 151 looked after children and adolescents between 10-23 years of age who completed the 10 item CAP-DMQ. Of the participants 113 were in receipt of an advocacy service that had an aim of increasing participation in decision-making with the remaining participants not having received this service.ResultsThe results showed that the CAP-DMQ had good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = .94) and showed promising uni-dimensional construct validity through an exploratory factor analysis. The items in the CAP-DMQ also demonstrated good content validity by overlapping with prominent models of child and adolescent participation (Lundy 2007) and decision making (Halpern 2014). A regression analysis showed that age and gender were not significant predictors of CAP-DMQ scores but receipt of advocacy was a significant predictor of scores (effect size d=.88), thus showing appropriate discriminant criterion validity. Conclusion Overall, the CAP-DMQ showed good reliability and validity. Therefore, the measure has excellent promise for theoretical investigation in the area of child and adolescent participation in decision making and equally shows empirical promise for use as a measure in evaluating services which have increasing the participation of children and adolescents in decision making as an intended outcome.
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- 2016
- Full Text
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17. WATER FOR THE UNITED STATES: An Analysis of the Report of the Senate Select Committee on National Water Resources
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McGUINNESS, C. L.
- Published
- 1962
18. Low Yield of Positive Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Culture and Bacterial PCR Tests In Paediatric Patients With A Normal CSF White Cell Count.
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Drew, R. J., Nielsen, M. J., O'Mahony, G., McGuinness, C., and Cunney, R.
- Published
- 2018
19. The benefit of the european user community from transnational access to national radiation facilities
- Author
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Barrier, E., Fernandes, F.M.B., Bujan, M., Feiters, M.C., Froideval, A., Ghijsen, J., Hase, T., Hough, M.A., Jergel, M., Jimenez, I., Kajander, T., Kikas, A., Kokkinidis, M., Kover, L., Larsen, H.B., Lawson, D.M., Lawniczak-Jablonska, K., Mariani, C., Mikulik, P., Monnier, J., Morera, S., McGuinness, C., Muller-Buschbaum, P., Nielson, M.M., Pietsch, U., Tromp, M., Simon, M., Stangl, J., Zanotti, G., Barrier, E., Fernandes, F.M.B., Bujan, M., Feiters, M.C., Froideval, A., Ghijsen, J., Hase, T., Hough, M.A., Jergel, M., Jimenez, I., Kajander, T., Kikas, A., Kokkinidis, M., Kover, L., Larsen, H.B., Lawson, D.M., Lawniczak-Jablonska, K., Mariani, C., Mikulik, P., Monnier, J., Morera, S., McGuinness, C., Muller-Buschbaum, P., Nielson, M.M., Pietsch, U., Tromp, M., Simon, M., Stangl, J., and Zanotti, G.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext
- Published
- 2014
20. Soft x-ray spectroscopy study of the element and orbital contributions to the electronic structure of copper hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine
- Author
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UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Piper, L. F. J., Cho, S. W., Zhang, Y., DeMasi, A., Smith, K. E., Matsuura, Anne, McGuinness, C., UCL - SST/IMCN - Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Piper, L. F. J., Cho, S. W., Zhang, Y., DeMasi, A., Smith, K. E., Matsuura, Anne, and McGuinness, C.
- Abstract
The electronic structure of copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc) has been measured using soft x-ray emission spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the C, N, and F K edges. Our element- and orbital-specific measurements confirm that substitution of hydrogen for fluorine leads to profound changes in the electronic environment of the carbon atoms in contrast to that of the nitrogen atoms. These findings are supported by simulated x-ray absorption and emission spectra of F16CuPc calculated by density-functional theory methods. The experimental results are directly compared with those of CuPc. Additional information regarding specific carbon sites is obtained from the evolution of the C K-edge resonant x-ray emission spectra of F16CuPc.
- Published
- 2010
21. Observation of multiple Zhang-Rice excitations in a correlated solid : Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering study of Li2CuO2
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Learmonth, T., McGuinness, C., Glans, P. -A, Downes, J. E., Schmitt, Thorsten, Duda, Laurent-Claudius, Guo, J. -H, Chou, F. C., Smith, K. E., Learmonth, T., McGuinness, C., Glans, P. -A, Downes, J. E., Schmitt, Thorsten, Duda, Laurent-Claudius, Guo, J. -H, Chou, F. C., and Smith, K. E.
- Abstract
Multiple Zhang-Rice type spectral features have been observed in resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) from the quasi -one-dimensional cuprate charge transfer insulator Li2CuO2. The first feature appears at constant emission energy, and is associated with a Zhang-Rice singlet final state. The second is an interplaquette charge transfer excitation that results in a novel triplet Zhang-Rice -type final state. It is accompanied by the presence of a O 2p nonbonding to upper Hubbard band excitation at an energy close to that of a calculated triplet charge transfer Zhang-Rice -type excitation. The site selectivity and polarization rules associated with RIXS allows these two excitations to be distinguished.
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- 2007
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22. Treatment of uncomplicated cystitis: analysis of prescribing in New Zealand.
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Gauld, Natalie J., Zeng, Irene S. L., Ikram, Rosemary B., Thomas, Mark G., Buetow, Stephen A., McGuinness, C, and Zeng, Irene Sl
- Published
- 2016
23. Excess cost associated with primary hip and knee joint arthroplasty surgical site infections: a driver to support investment in quality improvement strategies to reduce infection rates.
- Author
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Gow, N., McGuinness, C., Morris, A. J., McLellan, A., Hardy, A. E., Munro, J. T., Roberts, S. A., and Morris, J T
- Published
- 2016
24. Research in the training of general surgeons: results of a survey
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Burnand, K. G., McGuinness, C. L., Quarmby, J. W., and Smith, A.
- Subjects
Letter ,Consultants ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,Education, Medical, Graduate ,General Surgery ,Research ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,education ,Humans ,Articles ,Ireland ,Societies, Medical ,United Kingdom - Abstract
By means of a postal questionnaire to all members of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland, attitudes to the importance, timing, and assessment of research activity in surgical training were obtained. There was a 71% response rate. Most believe that a period of research is desirable, highly desirable or essential, irrespective of whether a University/Teaching or DGH consultant. The implications of incorporation of research into training programmes are discussed.
- Published
- 1997
25. Soft-x-ray spectroscopic investigation of ferromagnetic Co-doped ZnO
- Author
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Krishnamurthy, S, McGuinness, C, Dorneles, L S, Venkatesan, M, Coey, J M D, Lunney, J G, Pattersonb, C H, Smith, K E, Learmonth, T, Glans, P A, Schmitt, Thorsten, Guo, J H, Krishnamurthy, S, McGuinness, C, Dorneles, L S, Venkatesan, M, Coey, J M D, Lunney, J G, Pattersonb, C H, Smith, K E, Learmonth, T, Glans, P A, Schmitt, Thorsten, and Guo, J H
- Abstract
The electronic properties of cobalt-doped ZnO were investigated through site-selective and element-sensitive x-ray-absorption spectroscopy in the vicinity of the Co L-2,L-3 edge, the oxygen K edge, and at the Zn L-3 edge. The spectroscopic measurements of the ferromagnetic cobalt-doped ZnO films appear to have additional components in the O K edge x-ray-absorption spectrum not observed in the undoped films. The observed features may derive from both hybridization with unoccupied Co 3d states and also from lattice defects such as oxygen vacancies. Only minor changes in the Zn L-3 edge spectra were observed. These observations are consistent with a polaron percolation model in which the ferromagnetic coupling is mediated by shallow donor electrons trapped in oxygen vacancies and couples the Co atoms substituted on Zn sites in the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure., QC 20110815
- Published
- 2006
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26. Early intestinal microparticle uptake in the rat
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Hazzard, R A, Hodges, G M, Scott, J D, McGuinness, C B, and Carr, K E
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Lymphoid Tissue ,Biological Transport ,Microspheres ,Rats ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Peyer's Patches ,Intestinal Absorption ,Animals ,Mesentery ,Lymph Nodes ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Research Article - Abstract
This time-course study investigates the early uptake and passage of microparticles across the intestinal mucosa. Single intraoral doses of fluorescent latex particles, 1.82 microns in diameter, were administered to young adult male, nonfasted rats at a dose of 1.88 x 10(9) particles. Peyer's patch regions and mesenteric lymph nodes were collected at 5, 15 and 30 min time points for both bulk tissue and morphological analyses. Particles were found at all experimental time points in macerated intestinal and nodal specimens: particle numbers were higher in proximal than in distal intestine at all time points despite the fact that particle numbers in distal Peyer's patch regions increased with time. Particle numbers in mesenteric lymph nodes also increased with time after administration. Detailed morphological data for several intestinal and nodal tissue compartments showed substantial early uptake of particles by villous epithelium, including goblet cells, but low involvement of follicle-associated cells. The distribution of particles in the lymph nodes confirmed that translocation occurred to all nodal compartments. These studies give confirmatory evidence that uptake and translocation of microparticles may take place as early as 5 min after administration and suggest that intestinal region may influence uptake.
- Published
- 1996
27. Trends in 4d-subshell photoabsorption along the iodine isonuclear sequence: I, I⁺, and I²⁺
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O'Sullivan, G., McGuinness, C., Costello, John T., Kennedy, Eugene T., and Weinmann, B.
- Subjects
Physics ,Physics::Atomic Physics - Abstract
The 4d absorption spectra of I, I+, and I2+ have been observed in the 45–300-eV region using the dual laser-produced plasma technique. At lower energies each spectrum is dominated by intense 4d→5p transitions, which are identified with the aid of multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock calculations. The excited states decay by direct autoionization involving 5s or 5p electrons and rates for the different processes and resulting linewidths were calculated and compared, where possible, with experiment. In the case of neutral iodine 4d→6p transitions are also observed in the region close to the 2D5/2 threshold. The dominant feature in each spectrum, however, arises from 4d-f excitation, which evolves from a 4d-ɛf shape resonance in neutral iodine to a feature containing discrete 4d→nf transitions in I2+.
- Published
- 1996
28. The relationship between dietary micro and macronutrients intake and cell proliferation in the colon
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McGuinness, C., primary, O'Shea, D., additional, Gunawardene, A. R., additional, Williams, E. A., additional, and Corfe, B. M., additional
- Published
- 2011
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29. Resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy of V2O3, VO2 and NaV2O5
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Schmitt, T, Duda, L, Augustsson, A, Guo, J H, Nordgren, J, Downes, J E, McGuinness, C, Smith, K E, Dhalenne, G, Revcoloevshci, A, Klemm, M, Horn, S, Schmitt, T, Duda, L, Augustsson, A, Guo, J H, Nordgren, J, Downes, J E, McGuinness, C, Smith, K E, Dhalenne, G, Revcoloevshci, A, Klemm, M, and Horn, S
- Published
- 2002
30. Photonic-based laser driven electron beam deflection and focusing structures
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Plettner, T., primary, Byer, R. L., additional, McGuinness, C., additional, and Hommelhoff, P., additional
- Published
- 2009
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31. High-resolution X-ray emission and absorption study of the B 2p valence band electronic structure of MgB2
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McGuinness, C, Smith, KE, Butorin, SM, Guo, JH, Nordgren, J, Vogt, T, Schneider, G, Reilly, J, Tu, JJ, Johnson, PD, Shuh, DK, McGuinness, C, Smith, KE, Butorin, SM, Guo, JH, Nordgren, J, Vogt, T, Schneider, G, Reilly, J, Tu, JJ, Johnson, PD, and Shuh, DK
- Abstract
The occupied and unoccupied valence band states of MgB2 have been studied using high-resolution soft X-ray emission and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopies. In particular, the B 2p partial density of states was measured near the Fermi level. The states a, Addresses: McGuinness C, Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Calif Be
- Published
- 2001
32. Wave-function collapse with increasing ionization: 4d photoabsorption of Cs through Cs⁴⁺
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Cummings, A., McGuinness, C., O'Sullivan, G., Costello, John T., Mosnier, Jean-Paul, Kennedy, Eugene T., Cummings, A., McGuinness, C., O'Sullivan, G., Costello, John T., Mosnier, Jean-Paul, and Kennedy, Eugene T.
- Abstract
The 4d relative photoabsorption cross section of cesium has been observed to change dramatically in appearance along the isonuclear sequence Cs through Cs4+. In each case, discrete structure is observed below threshold and for Cs through Cs2+, a giant dipole 4d→ɛf resonance is also present above threshold. Between Cs2+ and Cs3+, there is a striking change, with much of the oscillator strength available in the 4d→f channel being abruptly transferred to the discrete spectrum. Despite the complexity of the transitions involved, the oscillator strength envelope for the discrete transitions yields relatively few features and remains essentially static in energy regardless of the parent terms. Hartree-Fock with configuration interaction and time-dependent local-density-approximation calculations successfully account for this behavior and permit identification of the discrete features.
- Published
- 2001
33. Bandlike and excitonic states of oxygen in CuGeO3: Observation using polarized resonant soft-x-ray emission spectroscopy
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Duda, LC, Downes, J, McGuinness, C, Schmitt, T, Augustsson, A, Smith, KE, Dhalenne, G, Revcolevschi, A, Duda, LC, Downes, J, McGuinness, C, Schmitt, T, Augustsson, A, Smith, KE, Dhalenne, G, and Revcolevschi, A
- Abstract
Polarized resonant x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy at O Is resonances was used to study CuGeO3. Two distinct spectral contributions are identified, i.e., an intense "main band" of soft-x-ray fluorescence, reflecting primarily bandlike O 2p states, and res, Addresses: Duda LC, Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, Box 530, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Dept Phys, S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Paris Sud, UA CNRS 446, Lab Chim Solides, F-91405 Orsay, France.
- Published
- 2000
34. Drosophila and biologica: a match made in heaven or hell?
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McGuinness, C. and Woodin, S.
- Subjects
Drosophila ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
This research is part of a continuing study on the effectiveness of scaffolding student learning in the concepts of Mendelian genetics by the use of a hypermodel computer software program developed by Concord Consortium, BioLogica. BioLogica uses an interactive approach in helping students to assimilate the abstract concepts of Mendelian genetics. This study is a small-scale design study conducted in demographically diverse, randomly selected undergraduate introductory biology laboratory classrooms. This initial study used BioLogica as a supplement to the bench science laboratory exercise using Drosophila. The experimental classrooms used the BioLogica program as a scaffold to their learning. We report on the initial findings of the experimental classrooms as compared to the control classrooms. All students took an introductory biology content knowledge pre- and post-test. Open-ended questions were also used as a means to spur discussion within the genetics portion of the laboratory. The comparative analysis utilized measures of achievement, engagement, and conceptual change. The preliminary findings suggest that the experimental students outperformed the control group on several aspects (mitosis/meiosis, Mendelian genetics) as well as questions dealing with higher order thinking (application).
- Published
- 2004
35. Phono-Graphix(TM): A new method for remediating reading difficulties.
- Author
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McGuinness, Carmen, McGuinness, Diane, McGuinness, Geoffrey, McGuinness, C, McGuinness, D, and McGuinness, G
- Subjects
READING disability ,CHILDREN ,HOMEWORK ,VOCABULARY ,STUDY skills ,CURRICULUM ,WORD recognition ,EDUCATIONAL tests & measurements ,SUPERVISION ,PARENTS - Abstract
Eighty-seven children, 6 to 16 years of age, with reading and/or spelling difficulties were trained in a new program (Phono-Graphix(TM)) that emphasizes phoneme awareness training, sound-to-print orientation, curriculum design sequenced by orthographic complexity, and active parental supervision in homework assignments. The children's initial level of competence to access the alphabet code was revealed by diagnostic testing, and individualized sequences of instruction were developed. The children received 12 hours or less of one-to-one training, one hour per week. Children gained an average of 13.7 standard score points on word recognition (1.70 points per clinical hour) and 19.34 standard score points on nonsense word decoding (2.57 points per clinical hour). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1996
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36. The Conservation of Ground Water Harold E. Thomas
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McGuinness, C. L.
- Published
- 1953
37. Reviews
- Author
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McGuinness, C. L.
- Published
- 1953
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38. Role of spin-orbit coupling in the electronic structure of IrO2
- Author
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Juhan Matthias Kahk, Domenico Di Sante, Anna Regoutz, Ivana Vobornik, Silvia Picozzi, Giorgio Rossi, Jun Fujii, Ying-Sheng Huang, Will R. Branford, Evegeny Plekhanov, Ruei-San Chen, Pranab Kumar Das, Jagoda Sławińska, Giancarlo Panaccione, David J. Payne, Benjamin J. Morgan, David O. Scanlon, Cormac McGuinness, Das, P.K., Sławińska, J., Vobornik, I., Fujii, J., Regoutz, A., Kahk, J.M., Scanlon, D.O., Morgan, B.J., McGuinness, C., Plekhanov, E., Di Sante, D., Huang, Y.-S., Chen, R.-S., Rossi, G., Picozzi, S., Branford, W.R., Panaccione, G., and Payne, D.J.
- Subjects
Technology ,Materials science ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Materials Science ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ,Materials Science, Multidisciplinary ,IrO2, Spin Orbit Coupling, Electronic Properties, ARPES, DFT ,02 engineering and technology ,Electronic structure ,01 natural sciences ,PHYSICS ,symbols.namesake ,Materials Science(all) ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Electronic band structure ,Spin-½ ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Science & Technology ,Condensed matter physics ,Avoided crossing ,Fermi level ,Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ,Spin–orbit interaction ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,cond-mat.mtrl-sci ,spin | insulators | strong spin-orbit ,SIMULATION ,Spin Hall effect ,symbols ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The delicate interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom is in the heart of many novel phenomena across the transition metal oxide family. Here, by combining high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first principles calculations (with and without spin-orbit coupling), the electronic structure of the rutile binary iridate, IrO2, is investigated. The detailed study of electronic bands measured on a high-quality single crystalline sample and use of a wide range of photon energy provide a huge improvement over the previous studies. The excellent agreement between theory and experimental results shows that the single-particle DFT description of IrO2 band structure is adequate, without the need of invoking any treatment of correlation effects. Although many observed features point to a 3D nature of the electronic structure, clear surface effects are revealed. The discussion of the orbital character of the relevant bands crossing the Fermi level sheds light on spin-orbit-coupling-driven phenomena in this material, unveiling a spin-orbit-induced avoided crossing, a property likely to play a key role in its large spin Hall effect.
- Published
- 2018
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39. FAIR data - the photon and neutron communities move together towards open science.
- Author
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Murphy BM, Götz A, Gutt C, McGuinness C, Rønnow HM, Schneidewind A, Deledda S, and Pietsch U
- Abstract
The topic of data storage, traceability, and data use and reuse in the years following experiments is becoming an important topic in Europe and across the world. Many scientific communities are striving to create open data by the FAIR principles. This is a requirement from the European Commission for EU-funded projects and experiments at EU-funded research infrastructures (RIs) and from many national funding agencies. This is challenging for users of large-scale RIs such as neutron, photon, synchrotron and free-electron laser facilities. Users of photon and neutron (PaN) RIs employ a wide range of scattering, imaging and spectroscopic methods investigating the behaviour of matter with a broad scientific base across physics, chemistry and biology, including engineering, environmental, cultural heritage and medical applications. They produce large data volumes of up to 1 PByte per day in some cases. To ensure all these data are FAIR requires an enormous effort from PaN RIs. It requires not only the expansion of data storage capacity, but also the development and deployment of software for effective data storage, metadata schemes and implementation of effective data pipelines at each individual experiment across RIs. FAIR data also affect the carbon footprint related to large amounts of data and raise questions related to user authentication, rights of access and cyber security. The RIs alone cannot achieve such a transformational process. For successful open science, cooperation of the user communities is essential as they need to create and utilize existing tools to deliver FAIR data. In this white paper, the European PaN community outline and discuss the role and responsibilities of the users and RIs and their common accountability to achieve FAIR data. This paper shall serve as a starting point for a common user and RI approach on the European scale to achieve FAIR data., (open access.)
- Published
- 2025
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40. Family Talk versus usual services in improving child and family psychosocial functioning in families with parental mental illness: a randomised controlled trial and cost analysis.
- Author
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Furlong M, McGuinness C, Mulligan CM, McGarr SL, and McGilloway S
- Abstract
Background: Parental mental illness (PMI) is common and places children at high risk of developing psychological disorders. Family Talk (FT) is a well-known, whole-family, 7-session intervention designed to reduce the risk of transgenerational psychopathology. However, very few larger-scale evaluations of FT (across only a limited number of settings) have been conducted to date while there have been no cost analyses. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and costs of delivering FT in improving child and family psychosocial functioning in families with PMI within routine mental health settings., Methods: A total of 83 families with PMI, with children aged 5-18 years, were randomly assigned on a 2:1 ratio to receive either the FT intervention (n=55 families) or usual services (n=28 families) across 10 adult, child and primary care mental health sites in Ireland. Parental disorders included anxiety/depression (57%), Bipolar Disorder (20%), Borderline Personality Disorder (12%), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (8%) and psychosis (2%). Detailed assessments with parents were conducted at baseline and 6-month follow up., Results: FT led to significant improvements in family functioning and child behaviour at 6-month follow up when compared to usual services, with medium effect sizes indicated. Parent participants with lower mental health literacy at baseline also showed significant post-intervention improvements. Those parents with less severe mental illness at baseline, and families with more partner and economic supports, reported additional significant post-intervention improvements in child depression/anxiety and parental mental health symptoms. The cost of FT amounted to €761.50 per family, although this decreased to €415.31 when recurring costs only were included., Conclusion: The findings from this study, which was conducted within the context of a national programme to introduce family-focused practice in Ireland, demonstrate that FT is a low-cost intervention that improved child and family psychosocial functioning across different mental health disorders within routine adult, child and primary care mental health services. The findings contribute to the growing evidence base for FT, and provide a robust basis to inform practice and policy development for families with parental mental illness both in Ireland and elsewhere., Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13365858, identifier ISRCTN13365858., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Furlong, McGuinness, Mulligan, McGarr and McGilloway.)
- Published
- 2024
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41. Acute exposure to ultraviolet radiation targets proteins involved in collagen fibrillogenesis.
- Author
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Platt CI, Stewart-McGuinness C, Eckersley A, Wilkins L, and Sherratt MJ
- Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to chronic, low-dose UV irradiation (UVR) can lead to premature ageing of the skin. Understanding which proteins are affected by acute UVR and photo-dynamically produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) could help to inform strategies to delay photoageing. Conventional biochemical analyses can be used to characterize UVR/ROS-induced damage on a protein-by-protein basis and we have previously shown using SDS-PAGE that collagen I and plasma fibronectin are respectively resistant and susceptible to physiological doses of UVR. The aim of this study was to screen a complex proteome for UVR-affected proteins. Methods: This study employed a sensitive mass spectrometry technique (peptide location fingerprinting: PLF) which can identify structure associated differences following trypsin digestion to characterize the impact of UVR exposure on purified collagen I and tissue fibronectin and to identify UVR-susceptible proteins in an ECM-enriched proteome. Results: Using LC/MS-MS and PLF we show that purified mature type-I collagen is resistant to UVR, whereas purified tissue fibronectin is susceptible. UV irradiation of a human dermal fibroblast-deposited ECM-enriched proteome in vitro , followed by LC/MS-MS and PLF analysis revealed two protein cluster groups of UV susceptible proteins involved in i) matrix collagen fibril assembly and ii) protein translation and motor activity. Furthermore, PLF highlighted UV susceptible domains within targeted matrix proteins, suggesting that UV damage of matrix proteins is localized. Discussion: Here we show that PLF can be used to identify protein targets of UVR and that collagen accessory proteins may be key targets in UVR exposed tissues., Competing Interests: This study received funding from Walgreens Boots Alliance. The funder had the following involvement in the study; discussion of aims and data, and approval to submit. TThe authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Platt, Stewart-McGuinness, Eckersley, Wilkins and Sherratt.)
- Published
- 2024
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42. Boron Nitride Nanosheet-Magnetic Nanoparticle Composites for Water Remediation Applications.
- Author
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Dee G, O'Donoghue O, Devitt E, Giroud T, Rafferty A, Gannon L, McGuinness C, and Gun'ko YK
- Abstract
The combination of 0D nanoparticles with 2D nanomaterials has attracted a lot of attention over the last years due to the unique multimodal properties of resulting 0D-2D nanocomposites. In this work, we developed boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) functionalized with manganese ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The functionalization process involved attachment of MNPs to exfoliated BNNS by refluxing the precursor materials in a polyol medium. Characterization of the produced BNNS-MNP composites was carried out using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adhesion of MnFe
2 O4 magnetic nanoparticles onto the BNNS remained unaffected by repeated sonication and heating in a furnace at 400 °C, underscoring the robust nature of the formed bond. FTIR spectra and XPS deconvolution confirmed the presence of strong bonding between BNNS and the MNPs. Membranes were fabricated from the BNNS and the BNNS-MnFe2 O4 nanocomposites for evaluating their efficiency in removing the methylene blue dye pollutant. The membranes have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The effectiveness of dye removal was monitored using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The BNNS-MnFe2 O4 nanocomposite membranes exhibited enhanced MB capture compared to membranes made from pure BNNS alone. The recyclability assessment of BNNS-MnFe2 O4 demonstrated exceptional performance, retaining 92% efficiency even after eight cycles. These results clearly demonstrate the high potential of these magnetic nanocomposites as reusable materials for water filtration membranes. Furthermore, the introduction of magnetic functionality as part of the membrane brings an exciting opportunity for in situ magnetic heating of the membrane, which shall be explored in future work., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)- Published
- 2024
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43. A Retrofittable Photoelectron Gun for Low-Voltage Imaging Applications in the Scanning Electron Microscope.
- Author
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Quigley F, Downing C, McGuinness C, and Jones L
- Abstract
Low-voltage scanning electron microscopy is a powerful tool for examining surface features and imaging beam-sensitive materials. Improving resolution during low-voltage imaging is then an important area of development. Decreasing the effect of chromatic aberration is one solution to improving the resolution and can be achieved by reducing the energy spread of the electron source. Our approach involves retrofitting a light source onto a thermionic lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) electron gun as a cost-effective low energy-spread photoelectron emitter. The energy spread of the emitter's photoelectrons is theorized to be between 0.11 and 0.38 eV, depending on the photon energy of the ultraviolet (UV) light source. Proof-of-principle images have been recorded using this retrofitted photoelectron gun, and an analysis of its performance is presented., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Microscopy Society of America.)
- Published
- 2023
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44. Shifting the Paradigm: Antiracist Education for Advanced Practice Nursing Providers.
- Author
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Mihaly L, Scherzer T, McGuinness C, and Stephan L
- Abstract
Introduction: Racism in the United States adversely impacts health outcomes. Achieving health equity will require an explicitly antiracist approach to the education of health care providers (HCPs). This article examines a required course that focuses on teaching advanced practice nursing students about the structural foundations of racism. This approach shifts significantly away from teaching race-based medicine (which assumes a biological basis for disparities) and the social determinants of health (which often blames individuals for disparities)., Methods: A mixed methods evaluation was conducted to understand the change in learners' understanding of (1) structural racism and (2) the role that HCPs can play in addressing structural racism. Anonymous surveys asked the following: (1) What are three examples of structural racism in the context of health care? and (2) What is the HCP's role in addressing structural racism?, Results: Statistically significant increases were observed. The percentage of students who could provide at least one example of structural racism increased from 41% to 70%. Significant increases were also found in students' abilities to identify structural and institutional antiracist interventions., Discussion: This project yields important data that can inform educational efforts focused on structural racism. The results strongly suggest that the course resulted in a change in student understanding of racism in health care and strategies to address it., Health Equity Implications: The development of a required course for advanced practice nurses focused on structural racism, including attention to social and institutional interventions, can significantly shift HCP understanding and is one strategy to move us toward health equity., Competing Interests: No competing financial interests exist., (© Lisa Mihaly et al., 2023; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
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45. Dynamic microtubules slow down during their shrinkage phase.
- Author
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Luchniak A, Kuo YW, McGuinness C, Sutradhar S, Orbach R, Mahamdeh M, and Howard J
- Subjects
- Polymers, Microtubules chemistry, Tubulin chemistry
- Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic polymers that undergo stochastic transitions between growing and shrinking phases. The structural and chemical properties of these phases remain poorly understood. The transition from growth to shrinkage, termed catastrophe, is not a first-order reaction but rather a multistep process whose frequency increases with the growth time: the microtubule ages as the older microtubule tip becomes more unstable. Aging shows that the growing phase is not a single state but comprises several substates of increasing instability. To investigate whether the shrinking phase is also multistate, we characterized the kinetics of microtubule shrinkage following catastrophe using an in vitro reconstitution assay with purified tubulins. We found that the shrinkage speed is highly variable across microtubules and that the shrinkage speed of individual microtubules slows down over time by as much as several fold. The shrinkage slowdown was observed in both fluorescently labeled and unlabeled microtubules as well as in microtubules polymerized from tubulin purified from different species, suggesting that the shrinkage slowdown is a general property of microtubules. These results indicate that microtubule shrinkage, like catastrophe, is time dependent and that the shrinking microtubule tip passes through a succession of states of increasing stability. We hypothesize that the shrinkage slowdown is due to destabilizing events that took place during growth, which led to multistep catastrophe. This suggests that the aging associated with growth is also manifested during shrinkage, with the older, more unstable growing tip being associated with a faster depolymerizing shrinking tip., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Biophysical Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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46. Understanding the effect of MXene in a TMO/MXene hybrid catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction.
- Author
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Tyndall D, Gannon L, Hughes L, Carolan J, Pinilla S, Jaśkaniec S, Spurling D, Ronan O, McGuinness C, McEvoy N, Nicolosi V, and Browne MP
- Abstract
Very recently, it has been reported that mixed transition metal oxide (TMO)/MXene catalysts show improved performance over TMO only catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the reasoning behind this observation is unknown. In this work mixed Co(OH)
2 /Ti3 C2 Tx were prepared and characterized for the OER using ex situ and operando spectroscopy techniques in order to initiate the understanding of why mixed TMO/MXene materials show better performances compared to TMO only catalysts. This work shows that the improved electrocatalysis for the composite material compared to the TMO only catalyst is due to the presence of higher Co oxide oxidation states at lower OER overpotentials for the mixed TMO/MXene catalysts. Furthermore, the presence of the MXene allows for a more mechanically robust film during OER, making the film more stable. Finally, our results show that small amounts of MXene are more advantageous for the OER during long-term stability measurements, which is linked to the formation of TiO2 . The sensitivity of MXene oxidation ultimately limits TMO/MXene composites under alkaline OER conditions, meaning mass fractions must be carefully considered when designing such a catalyst to minimize the residual TiO2 formed during its lifetime., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2023.)- Published
- 2023
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47. A systematic review of online education initiatives to develop students remote caring skills and practices.
- Author
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Nowell L, Dhingra S, Carless-Kane S, McGuinness C, Paolucci A, Jacobsen M, Lorenzetti DL, Lorenzetti L, and Oddone Paolucci E
- Subjects
- Humans, Learning, Pandemics, Students, COVID-19 epidemiology, Education, Distance
- Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has altered caring professions education and the range of technological competencies needed to thrive in today's digital economy. We aimed to identify the various technologies and design strategies being used to help students develop and translate professional caring competencies into remote working environments. Eight databases were systematically searched in February 2021 for relevant studies. Studies reporting on online learning strategies designed to prepare students to operate in emerging digital economies were included. Quality assessment was undertaken using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool and/or the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Thirty-eight studies were included and synthesized to report on course details, including technologies being used and design strategies, and study outcomes including curriculum, barriers and facilitators to technology integration, impact on students, and impact on professional practice. Demonstrations of remote care, videoconferencing, online modules, and remote consultation with patients were the most common instructional methods. Audio/video conferencing and online learning systems were the most prevalent technologies used to support student learning. Students reported increased comfort and confidence when working with technology and planning and providing remote care to patients. While a recent influx in research related to online learning and caring technologies was noted, study quality remains variable. More emphasis on assessment, training, and research is required to support students in using digital technologies and developing interpersonal and technological skills required to work in remote settings.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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48. Do educators value the promotion of students' wellbeing? Quantifying educators' attitudes toward wellbeing promotion.
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Byrne D, McGuinness C, and Carthy A
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Ireland, Male, Schools, Students psychology
- Abstract
Educators' attitudes toward Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) and health and wellbeing promotion can significantly influence the success (or otherwise) of such policies and practices. While numerous studies exist, from which a broad understanding of such attitudes can be garnered, there is currently no attendant measurement which quantifies educators attitudes regarding the promotion of student wellbeing. The aim of this study was to address this gap in knowledge by quantifying the degree to which educators are positively or negatively disposed to the promotion of student wellbeing. The Attitudes Toward Wellbeing Promotion (ATWP) scale was administered to a diverse participant sample (n = 324), which was opportunistically recruited from the population of post-primary educators in Ireland. Analyses using General Linear Modelling (GLM) identified several statistically significant differences in attitude. Main effects included position held in school and the presence/absence of practices such as streaming and vertical education, while Interactions included educator gender*age and educator gender*single-sex/co-educational school status. The results of this study suggest that, overall, educators appear to be positively disposed toward the promotion of student wellbeing. The highest levels of positivity were observed among female educators, particularly those working in all-girls schools. The lowest levels of positivity were observed among older male educators and educators working in schools that adopt streaming and vertical education practices. This study provides the first baseline data pertaining to the degree to which post-primary educators may be positively or negatively disposed to the promotion of students' social and emotional wellbeing., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Single-molecule analysis of the entire perfringolysin O pore formation pathway.
- Author
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McGuinness C, Walsh JC, Bayly-Jones C, Dunstone MA, Christie MP, Morton CJ, Parker MW, and Böcking T
- Subjects
- Animals, Clostridium perfringens metabolism, Liposomes metabolism, Mammals metabolism, Bacterial Toxins metabolism, Hemolysin Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The cholesterol-dependent cytolysin perfringolysin O (PFO) is secreted by Clostridium perfringens as a bacterial virulence factor able to form giant ring-shaped pores that perforate and ultimately lyse mammalian cell membranes. To resolve the kinetics of all steps in the assembly pathway, we have used single-molecule fluorescence imaging to follow the dynamics of PFO on dye-loaded liposomes that lead to opening of a pore and release of the encapsulated dye. Formation of a long-lived membrane-bound PFO dimer nucleates the growth of an irreversible oligomer. The growing oligomer can insert into the membrane and open a pore at stoichiometries ranging from tetramers to full rings (~35 mers), whereby the rate of insertion increases linearly with the number of subunits. Oligomers that insert before the ring is complete continue to grow by monomer addition post insertion. Overall, our observations suggest that PFO membrane insertion is kinetically controlled., Competing Interests: CM, JW, CB, MD, MC, CM, MP, TB No competing interests declared, (© 2022, Mc Guinness, Walsh et al.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Defining the Protease and Protease Inhibitor (P/PI) Proteomes of Healthy and Diseased Human Skin by Modified Systematic Review.
- Author
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Stewart-McGuinness C, Platt CI, Ozols M, Goh B, Griffiths TW, and Sherratt MJ
- Subjects
- Antiviral Agents, Humans, Peptide Hydrolases, Proteomics, Protease Inhibitors pharmacology, Proteome
- Abstract
Proteases and protease inhibitors (P/PIs) are involved in many biological processes in human skin, yet often only specific families or related groups of P/PIs are investigated. Proteomics approaches, such as mass spectrometry, can define proteome signatures (including P/PIs) in tissues; however, they struggle to detect low-abundance proteins. To overcome these issues, we aimed to produce a comprehensive proteome of all P/PIs present in normal and diseased human skin, in vivo, by carrying out a modified systematic review using a list of P/PIs from MEROPS and combining this with key search terms in Web of Science. Resulting articles were manually reviewed against inclusion/exclusion criteria and a dataset constructed. This study identified 111 proteases and 77 protease inhibitors in human skin, comprising the serine, metallo-, cysteine and aspartic acid catalytic families of proteases. P/PIs showing no evidence of catalytic activity or protease inhibition, were designated non-peptidase homologs (NPH), and no reported protease inhibitory activity (NRPIA), respectively. MMP9 and TIMP1 were the most frequently published P/PIs and were reported in normal skin and most skin disease groups. Normal skin and diseased skin showed significant overlap with respect to P/PI profile; however, MMP23 was identified in several skin disease groups, but was absent in normal skin. The catalytic profile of P/PIs in wounds, scars and solar elastosis was distinct from normal skin, suggesting that a different group of P/PIs is responsible for disease progression. In conclusion, this study uses a novel approach to provide a comprehensive inventory of P/PIs in normal and diseased human skin reported in our database. The database may be used to determine either which P/PIs are present in specific diseases or which diseases individual P/PIs may influence.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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