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Your search keyword '"McGowan, Patrick O."' showing total 33 results
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33 results on '"McGowan, Patrick O."'

14. Additional file 1 of DNA methylation mediates the association between breastfeeding and early-life growth trajectories

Author

Briollais, Laurent, Rustand, Denis, Allard, Catherine, Wu, Yanyan, Xu, Jingxiong, Rajan, Samyukta Govinda, Hivert, Marie-France, Doyon, Myriam, Bouchard, Luigi, McGowan, Patrick O., Matthews, Steven, and Lye, Steven

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Data_FILES, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS
Abstract

Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures.

Published
2021
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16. Early-life Temperature Exposure Affects Thyroid Hormone Receptor Signaling and Epigenetic Regulation of the Paraventricular Nucleus in Female Rat Pups

Author

Lauby, Samantha C. and McGowan, Patrick O.

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Triiodothyronine, Thyroid hormone receptor, Thyroid, Thyroid hormone receptor binding, Biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Oxytocin, Hypothalamus, Internal medicine, DNA methylation, medicine, Epigenetics, medicine.drug
Abstract

Early-life maternal care received has a profound effect on later-life behaviour in adult offspring and previous studies have suggested epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., DNA methylation) are involved. Changes in thyroid hormone receptor signaling might be related to differences in maternal care received and DNA methylation modifications. We investigated the effects of two factors in the maternal environment, temperature exposure (a proxy of maternal contact) and licking-like tactile stimulation, on these processes in week-old female rat pups. We assessed thyroid hormone receptor signaling by measuring circulating triiodothyronine and transcript abundance of thyroid hormone receptors and the thyroid hormone-responsive genes DNA methyltransferase 3a and oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. DNA methylation of the oxytocin promoter was assessed in relation to changes in thyroid hormone receptor binding. Repeated room temperature exposure was associated with a decrease in thyroid hormone receptor signaling measures relative to nest temperature exposure, while acute room temperature exposure was associated with an increase. Repeated room temperature exposure also increased thyroid hormone receptor binding and DNA methylation at the oxytocin promoter. These findings suggest that repeated room temperature exposure may affect DNA methylation levels as a consequence of alterations in thyroid hormone receptor signaling.

Published
2020

18. Genotype Effects and Gene x Environment Interactions on Inter-Individual Licking Received and Licking Provisioning in Female Rat Offspring

Author

Lauby, Samantha C., Ashbrook, David G., Malik, Hannan R., Chatterjee, Diptendu, Pan, Pauline, Fleming, Alison S., and McGowan, Patrick O.

Abstract

In most mammals, mothers exhibit natural variations in care that propagate between generations of female offspring. However, there is limited information on genetic variation that influences this propagation. We assessed early-life maternal care received by individual female rat offspring in relation to genetic polymorphisms linked to dopaminergic activity, maternal care provisioning, and dopamine levels in the maternal brain. We also conducted a systematic analysis of other genetic variants potentially related to maternal behavior in our Long-Evans rat population. We found that dopamine receptor 2 (rs107017253) variation interacted with the relationship between early-life maternal care received and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell which, in turn, were associated with later-life maternal care provisioning. We also discovered and validated new variants that were predicted by our systematic analysis. Our findings suggest that genetic variation influences the relationship between maternal care received and maternal care provisioning, similar to findings in human populations.

Published
2019
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33. Sex-specific maternal programming of corticosteroid-binding globulin by predator odour.

Author

Abuaish S, Lavergne SG, Hing B, St-Cyr S, Spinieli RL, Boonstra R, and McGowan PO

Subjects
Animals, Female, Male, Mice, Pregnancy, Corticosterone, Ecosystem, Odorants, Pituitary-Adrenal System metabolism, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System metabolism, Transcortin metabolism
Abstract

Predation is a key organizing force in ecosystems. The threat of predation may act to programme the endocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during development to prepare offspring for the environment they are likely to encounter. Such effects are typically investigated through the measurement of corticosteroids (Cort). Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) plays a key role in regulating the bioavailability of Cort, with only free unbound Cort being biologically active. We investigated the effects of prenatal predator odour exposure (POE) in mice on offspring CBG and its impact on Cort dynamics before, during and after restraint stress in adulthood. POE males, but not females, had significantly higher serum CBG at baseline and during restraint and lower circulating levels of Free Cort. Restraint stress was associated with reduced liver transcript abundance of SerpinA6 (CBG-encoding gene) only in control males. POE did not affect SerpinA6 promoter DNA methylation. Our results indicate that prenatal exposure to a natural stressor led to increased CBG levels, decreased per cent of Free Cort relative to total and inhibited restraint stress-induced downregulation of CBG transcription. These changes suggest an adaptive response to a high predator risk environment in males but not females that could buffer male offspring from chronic Cort exposure.

Published
2021
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