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– 3D printing technology has evolved over the years. There are many types of 3D printing methods introduced in this technology. As 3D technology continues to develop, medical industry technology follows the trend to ensure continuity in the medical and healthcare industry by being involved in the development of tissue engineering scaffold fabrication through 3D printing. One of the 3D printing methods is the fabrication of 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds by 3D Digital Light Processing (DLP). Although 3D DLP methods in the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds help researchers develop new inventions, it might affect environmental sustainability. Therefore, the application of GaBi software will be applied in order to evaluate and identify the environmental impacts. Hence, this research paper will apply GaBi software as tool to analyse the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds in 3D DLP and determine the potential environmental impacts of this process. From the GaBi software analysis, this research will show the potential emissions that contribute to the environment that comes from 3D DLP operations. This research will contribute to 3D bone tissue engineering development to include environmental sustainability in each of the research and development involved in this technology.

The bone tissue engineering scaffolds is one of the methods for repairing bone defects caused by various factors. According to modern tissue engineering technology, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for bone tissue engineering provides a temporary basis for the creation of biological replacements. Through the generated 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds from previous studies, the assessment to evaluate the environmental impact has shown less attention in research. Therefore, this paper is aimed to propose the Model of life cycle assessment (LCA) for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds of 3D gel-printing technology and presented the analysis technique of LCA from cradle-to-gate for assessing the environmental impacts of carbon footprint. Acrylamide (C3H5NO), citric acid (C6H8O7), N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (C8H16N2O), deionized water (H2O), and 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate (C5H8O3) was selected as the material resources. Meanwhile, the 3D gel-printing technology was used as the manufacturing processes in the system boundary. The analysis is based on the LCA Model through the application of GaBi software. The environmental impact was assessed in the 3D gel-printing technology and it was obtained that the system shows the environmental impact of global warming potential (GWP). All of the emissions contributed to GWP have been identified such as emissions to air, freshwater, seawater, and industrial soil. The aggregation of GWP result in the stage of manufacturing process for input and output data contributed 47.6% and 32.5% respectively. Hence, the data analysis of the results is expected to use for improving the performance at the material and manufacturing process of the product life cycle.

Notwithstanding the research on re�ning lean tools for the sake of sustainable development is slowly progressing, sustainability-oriented application of value stream mapping has received undivided attention from practitioners and researchers. Going through the literature highlights that there is a lack of research in integrating and systematising the available knowledge on this lean tool, which is regarded as a visual process-based method to make sustainable progress over the time-based and green concepts of wastes to also assess and improve the societal sustainability performance of organisations. Hence, this paper has been aimed at presenting the �ndings of a systematic literature review on value stream mapping from the triple bottom line point of view. It classi�es and codes the main studies in the context as well as provides a research agenda with nine recommendations that may advance this under-studied �eld. To narrow the gap in the current literature, this article also proposes a sustainability indicator set that would considerably contribute to guiding and strengthening the state-of-the-art research on successful implementation of the application. Besides, the �ndings indicate that more investigations are needed on employing survey and conceptual methodologies, applying comparative and cross-industry perspectives, developing sustainability indicator sets particularly societal metrics, and considering the stakeholders' bene�ts from adopting sustainability-oriented value stream mapping. The research on the convergence of this sustainability-oriented application and new paradigms such as IR 4.0 and/or Circular Economy should be also strengthened.

Notwithstanding the research on refining lean tools for the sake of sustainable development is slowly progressing, sustainability-oriented application of value stream mapping has received undivided attention from practitioners and researchers. Going through the literature highlights that there is a lack of research in integrating and systematizing the available knowledge on this lean tool, which is regarded as a visual process-based method to make sustainable progress over the time-based and green concepts of wastes to also assess and improve the societal sustainability performance of organizations. Hence, this paper has been aimed at presenting the findings of a systematic literature review on value stream mapping from the triple bottom line point of view. It classifies and codes the main studies in the context as well as provides a research agenda with nine recommendations that may advance this under-studied field. To narrow the gap in the current literature, this article also proposes a sustainability indicator set that would considerably contribute to guiding and strengthening the state-of-the-art research on successful implementation of the application. Besides, the findings indicate that more investigations are needed on employing survey and conceptual methodologies, applying comparative and cross-industry perspectives, developing sustainability indicator sets particularly societal metrics, and considering the stakeholders' benefits from adopting sustainability-oriented value stream mapping. The research on the convergence of this sustainability-oriented application and new paradigms such as IR 4.0 and/or Circular Economy should be also strengthened.

Sustainability assessment have been studied by several researchers focusing to determine set of criteria on case studies selected. However, only few studies have been done on assessing the sustainability of SMEs in Malaysia. Although there are several studies on sustainability assessment for manufacturing company in Malaysia, they do not provide a comprehensive study that including all Triple Bottom Line (TBL) perspectives. To fill this gap, this study will propose a comprehensive framework for assessing sustainability among SMEs that including all TBL perspectives, which is covering environmental, economy and social aspects in sustainability assessment. Primary and secondary data will be used in this study. For primary data, Delphi study will be conducted to obtain the reliable data. Next, fuzzy inference system (FIS) will be applied in this study as methodology for integrating collected data. As for secondary data, literature review from previous current research work will be summarize for comparison purpose. This study is expected to guide SMEs towards sustainability as well as increase awareness hence to promote a serious path towards a more sustainable business model. In regards, Malaysia Government can monitor the sustainability level among SMEs which is have linked with the Malaysia regulations.

Sustainability assessment have been studied by several researchers focusing to determine set of criteria on case studies selected. However, only few studies have been done on assessing the sustainability of SMEs in Malaysia. Although there are several studies on sustainability assessment for manufacturing company in Malaysia, they do not provide a comprehensive study that including all Triple Bottom Line (TBL) perspectives. To fill this gap, this study will propose a comprehensive framework for assessing sustainability among SMEs that including all TBL perspectives, which is covering environmental, economy and social aspects in sustainability assessment. Primary and secondary data will be used in this study. For primary data, Delphi study will be conducted to obtain the reliable data. Next, fuzzy inference system (FIS) will be applied in this study as methodology for integrating collected data. As for secondary data, literature review from previous current research work will be summarize for comparison purpose. This study is expected to guide SMEs towards sustainability as well as increase awareness hence to promote a serious path towards a more sustainable business model. In regards, Malaysia Government can monitor the sustainability level among SMEs which is have linked with the Malaysia regulations.

In order to achieve sustainable product design process, aspects such of environmental, economic and social should be balanced. This paper discussed on sustainability of product design, conceptual basis of life cycle assessment (LCA), review of LCA at several product design, methodology of proposed framework and discussion on strengths and limitations of LCA. This paper proposed to develop a framework for improving the product design process based on LCA tool. The aims is to calculate potential impact of environment, eco-nomic and social aspects during product design process. For environmental aspects, LCA tool will be used. For economic and social considerations, life cycle costing (LCC) and social life cycle assessment will be applied respectively. At the end, proposed framework are able to help designers to improve product design by considering all sustainability aspects.

The management of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) conserves natural resources, provides economic benefits, and reduces water, air, and soil pollution. In an effort to adequately manage flow of ELVs, modern infrastructure is considered a prerequisite. Thus, development of an effective performance evaluation tool for monitoring and continuous improvement of ELV management systems is strongly desired. In this paper, a performance evaluation tool is proposed for ELV management system implementation, based on the analytic hierarchy process. A real-life case study in Malaysia was conducted in order to demonstrate the potential and applicability of the presented methodology. The scores of eight key success factors in establishing an ELV management system (i.e., management responsibility, performance management, capacity management, resource management, stakeholders’ responsibility, education and awareness, improvement and enforcement, and cost management) are presented. The overall score of the ELV management system implementation in Malaysia is equal to 2.13. Therefore, its performance level is average. The presented multi-criteria decision analysis tool can be of assistance not only to stakeholders in the Malaysian ELV management system, but also to vehicle recycling managers from other countries in order to monitor and continuously improve their ELV management systems.

Sustainability level is a new indicator of quality and efficiency for product life cycle. Sustainability should be balanced among Triple Bottom Line (TBL) aspects namely environmental, economic and social elements. For monitoring the sustainability of product, a comprehensive framework considering potential impacts for sustainability assessment should be developed. Previously, several studies presented frameworks to assess the sustainability level. However, few studies relate their frameworks with the potential impact of all TBL. Determination of potential impacts with its parameter is important during framework development. Potential impacts for environmental such global warming, acidification and eutrophication should be taken seriously. In this study, potential impacts for each sustainability aspects are shown. For the case study of hollow fiber membrane the potential impacts were obtained from primary and secondary data such product specification, bill of materials, literature reviews and help of GaBi Software.

This paper presents the design of a survey instrument in order to determine the success factors in implementing the end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) management system in Malaysia. Upon reviewing journal articles and research papers previously conducted in automotive recycling, end of-life vehicles, success factors and green supply chain, a set of preliminary factors was identified.These factors were categorized into seven components, namely the government commitment,stakeholders commitment, resources availability, enforcement and monitoring, education and awareness, market structure and continuous improvement. Thirty items were listed in the questionnaire, where the statements were based on the above said seven factors. Other than that,target respondents and sampling size were also discussed.

The growing of environmental concern from customers, buyers, communities, and government regulations has forced companies to implement Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices and green innovation. GSCM practices and green innovation is believed to have strategic interconnection in improving environmental performance positively. Objective: This pilot study aims to identify the dominant practices of GSCM and green innovation that is implemented among Malaysian manufacturing companies and the correlation across them to environmental performance. Results: The pilot results reveal that some of GSCM practices and green innovation were found in this study to have direct impact on companies’ environmental performance. Conclusion: As a conclusion, manufacturing companies should focus considerable efforts and develop some innovation in order to deal with environmental issues along their supply chain.

One of the cost-intensive issues in managing warehouses is the order picking problem which deals with the retrieval of items from their storage locations in order to meet customer requests. Many solution approaches have been proposed in order to minimize traveling distance in the process of order picking. However, in practice, customer orders have to be completed by certain due dates in order to avoid tardiness which is neglected in most of the related scientific papers. Consequently, we proposed a novel solution approach in order to minimize tardiness which consists of four phases. First of all, weighted association rule mining has been used to calculate associations between orders with respect to their due date. Next, a batching model based on binary integer programming has been formulated to maximize the associations between orders within each batch. Subsequently, the order picking phase will come up which used a Genetic Algorithm integrated with the Traveling Salesman Problem in order to identify the most suitable travel path. Finally, the Genetic Algorithm has been applied for sequencing the constructed batches in order to minimize tardiness. Illustrative examples and comparisons are presented to demonstrate the proficiency and solution quality of the proposed approach.

Nowadays, companies should establish a long-term relationship with their customers throughout customer relationship management (CRM). In order to be a winner in the market competition, marketing managers want to maximize customer lifetime value (CLV) and customer equity. So, creating a customer value assessment system is obligatory for companies to identify customers’ value, develop strategies for customers’ segments, and preserve the high value for them. Commonly, customer lifetime value is evaluated by RFM (recency, frequency and monetary) method. In this paper a model for customer value assessment integrated with multi-criteria decision making method and Fuzzy clustering method based on customer purchasing behavior was proposed. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process was utilized to calculate the weight of RFM variables. Then, based on the weighted RFM values, Fuzzy c-means clustering was used in order to cluster customers. Finally, TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) has been employed to rank customer lifetime value. A case study was used to demonstrate the employment of the proposed model.

Vendor selection is a strategic issue in supply-chain management for any organization to identify the right supplier. Such selection in most cases is based on the analysis of some specific criteria. Most of the researches so far concentrate on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis. However, it incurs a huge computational complexity when a large number of suppliers are considered. So, data mining approaches would be required to convert raw data into useful information and knowledge. Hence, a new hybrid model of MCDM and data mining approaches was proposed in this research to address the supplier selection problem. In this paper, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering as a data mining model has been used to cluster suppliers into groups. Then, Elimination and Choice Expressing Reality (ELECTRE) method has been employed to rank the suppliers. The efficiency of this method was revealed by conducting a case study in an automotive industry.