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1. THERMAP: a mid-infrared spectro-imager for space missions to small bodies in the inner solar system

Author

Groussin, O., Licandro, J., Helbert, J., Reynaud, J. -L., Levacher, P., García-Talavera, M. Reyes, Alí-Lagoa, V., Blanc, P. -E., Brageot, E., Davidsson, B., Delbó, M., Deleuze, M., Delsanti, A., Garcia, J. J. Diaz, Dohlen, K., Ferrand, D., Green, S., Jorda, L., Álvarez, E. Joven, Knollenberg, J., Kührt, E., Lamy, P., Lellouch, E., Merrer, J. Le, Marty, B., Mas, G., Rossin, C., Rozitis, B., Sunshine, J., Vernazza, P., and Vives, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We present THERMAP, a mid-infrared (8-16 {\mu}m) spectro-imager for space missions to small bodies in the inner solar system, developed in the framework of the MarcoPolo-R asteroid sample return mission. THERMAP is very well suited to characterize the surface thermal environment of a NEO and to map its surface composition. The instrument has two channels, one for imaging and one for spectroscopy: it is both a thermal camera with full 2D imaging capabilities and a slit spectrometer. THERMAP takes advantage of the recent technological developments of uncooled microbolometers detectors, sensitive in the mid-infrared spectral range. THERMAP can acquire thermal images (8-18 {\mu}m) of the surface and perform absolute temperature measurements with a precision better than 3.5 K above 200 K. THERMAP can acquire mid-infrared spectra (8-16 {\mu}m) of the surface with a spectral resolution {\Delta}{\lambda} of 0.3 {\mu}m. For surface temperatures above 350 K, spectra have a signal-to-noise ratio >60 in the spectral range 9-13 {\mu}m where most emission features occur., Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables; Experimental Astronomy: in press

Published
2015
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2. Considerations on uncertainties and inconsistencies in the dendrometric terminology

Author

De_Mas G and Hellrigl B

Subjects
Stem Volume, Derbholz, Cormometric Volume, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

In the italian forestry literature, the adjective “cormometric” combined with the noun volume or its equivalent, is used with three different meanings which are respectively linked to the stem, to the trunk or large timber. To find the origins and also the reasons for these different meanings of the term, we need to go back in history. The first definition is by Alfonso Di Berenger first director of the Vallombrosa Forest, the first seat of higher Forestry education in Italy between 1869 and 1951. He defined cormometric the volume of the “legname sociale” (industrial timber), or the trunk. Follows the definition of Vittorio Perona that, in the wake of the German concept of Derbholz, considers cormometric volume as including also portions of branches above seven centimeters. Giuseppe Di Tella, Professor of forest mensurations and forest management in Florence between 1916 and 1937 is the author of a large general volume table for fir where the cormometric volume is defined as the “stem including the top”, but also, following the doctrine, as a measure expressing the volume of the part of the stem that can provide wood for building or industry. Subsequently, with the definitions of the Professors Generoso Patrone and Guglielmo Giordano confirming the doctrinal meaning of Di Tella, the sense of the term remains unchanged. In 1986 Hellrigl called cormometric mass, the aboveground woody tree mass limited to trunk and limbs to be determined; however, this definition did not find any application. Alternative definitions by Roberto Del Favero and Orazio La Marca consider cormometric volume including top and cormometric volume excluding top. In the forest literature, instead, there were more changes in 2007, when the Forestry Research Portal published a notation regarding cubing of forest stands, stating “in the cubing of forest stands, woody volume estimated for conifers is, in general, cormometric (i.e., volume of the stem including bark)” which gave rise to the present note. Alongside, and again in connection with the meaning of the term cormometric, certain combinations of terminology reported in two multilingual glossaries of IUFRO are highlighted.

Published
2014
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3. Pruning of dead branches as a new restoration technique to improve the population viability of the Mediterranean gorgonian Eunicella singularis

Author

Mas, G., Serrano, Eduard, Bolivar, Manel, Ribes, Marta, Coma, Rafael, Mas, G., Serrano, Eduard, Bolivar, Manel, Ribes, Marta, and Coma, Rafael

Abstract

The gorgonian Eunicella singularis is an engineering species from the Mediterranean Sea, threatened by recurrent mass mortality episodes linked to sea warming. In late summer 2018, we observed that prolonged high-water temperature conditions caused a mass mortality event of gorgonian populations in the Natural Park of El Montgrí, les Illes Medes i el Baix Ter (North-western Mediterranean). After the mass mortality event, the mean percentage of dead gorgonian colonies was 27%, whereas healthy colonies (i.e., <5% in partial mortality, PM) represented the 25% of the 481 examined colonies. The live colonies that showed any dead branches (48%) exhibited a mean PM of 24% (n=279). Most of the PM was located on the apical part of the colony branches (87%). Since previous studies have documented that gorgonians with a high incidence of PM have higher mortality rates and lower fecundity than healthy gorgonians, we decided to evaluate the effectiveness of pruning of the dead branches on improving the demographic parameters of the affected population. To conduct the assessment, permanent plots were installed in 2019 and annually monitored for two years. The pruning technique was applied in 2019 on the gorgonians of half of the plots, while the other plots were used as controls. Pruning was applied only on live gorgonians showing PM on the apical parts of the colony. The pruned colonies reduced the mean PM by 78%, leading to a mean PM of 5%, but increased to 9% in 2020 and 16% in 2021, whereas mean PM in the control colonies increased from 14% in 2019 to 18% in 2021; with no significant differences between pruned and control colonies in 2021 (One way-ANOVA, p >0.05). The fecundity of the species diminished with increasing PM, so healthy colonies showed at least 4-folds higher gonadal production than severely affected colonies (>66-99% PM) for both males (0.14 ± 0.01 vs 0.03 ± 0.02 mm3 polyp-1) and females (0.21 ± 0.02 vs 0.001 ± 0.001 mm3 polyp-1). In this framework, in 2021, th

Published
2022

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