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Study Habits have been the most crucial predictor of academic performance and play a special role in the academic achievement of students. Study Habits are different individual behavior in relation to studying and is a combination of study method and skill. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of study habits among Adolescents Students and the effect of Gender on it. Also, the study took into consideration the 8 dimensions viz comprehension, concentration, Task Orientation, study sets, interaction, drilling, supports, recording and language. Attitude towards study has great contribution on academic achievement, and good study pattern. Successful learners adopt positive attitude towards study, and do not waste time or energy over what they have to do. If the learning experience is pleasant, the learner’s attitude and motivation is usually positive, and if the learning experience is not pleasant, they tend to avoid it.

Limited land owned by farmers which in the same land farmers grow 2 types of maize with different time, namely sweet corn and hybrid corn within 1 year. In the dry season farmers grow hybrid corn and in the rainy season farmers grow sweet corn. Farmers capital for purchase production facilities, especially for the purchase of seeds, fertilizers, and medicines whose prices are getting higher and higher, in addition to the price of corn and hybrid corn which always increases fluctuations, and in terms of cost and time of hybrid corn is higher than sweet corn. This will have an impact on income obtained by farmers. Sampling in this study was carried out by proportional random sampling. Determination of a large sample for the participation of smaller than 10000 can use the Slovin formula (Soekidjo, 2003) with the formula, to answer the objective, it can be used an analysis using total corn farming with total corn farming at one planting season, and to answer the purpose of both methods used using Gross Profit Margin. The results showed that the total income of hybrid maize and sweet corn in the research location was IDR.49.425.000 with an average income per respondent of IDR.852.155 / season and the average income per hectare was IDR. 1.433.855 / season. While the total income of sweet corn farming obtained by respondent farmers is IDR.55.383.000 with an average income per respondent is IDR. 1.065.057 / season and the average income per Ha is IDR. 3.018.147 / season. The percentage of gross profit margin shows that the percentage of sweet corn of 20.63% is received within 2 months and while hybrid corn is 23.20% received within 3 months. REFERENCES Andi B. 2016. Analisis Kelayakan Usahatani Jagung Pada Lahan Kering Di Zona Agroekologi Iiiay Wilayah Timor Barat. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Nusa Cendana. Kupang. BPS Kabupaten Kupang.2018.Statistik Pertanian Kabupaten Kupang. BPS NTT.2018. Statistik Pertanian NTT. Badan Pustaka Statistik NTT. Calvin Dkk. 2016. Perbandingan Pendapatan Usahtani Jagung Manis dan Jagung Biasa Di Desa Tontalete Kecamatan Kema Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Jurnal . Derna, H. 2007. Jagung manis. Diakses di http://Derna.com/2007/Tanaman Jagung Manis. On the 7th November 2018. Djamaludin,2003.AnalisisEkonomiUsahata Jagung diDesa Nunmafo KecamatanKupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang. Skripsi Faperta Undana. Kantor Desa Pukdale (2018). Profil Desa Pukdale: Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang Palawi, 2002. Analisis Dapatan Usahatani Jagung dan Kacang Tanah dari Program Wanita di Desa Tesabela Kecamatan Kupang Barat. Skripsi Faperta Undana. Poerwanto, R.2008. Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian- IPB. Bogor Soekartawi. 2002. Analisis Usahatani. Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia(UI-Press). Warsana.2007. Soekartawi. 1995. Ilmu Usaha Tani.UIPress. Jakarta Sugiarto. Dkk. 2007. Ekonomi Mikro. Gramedia Pustaka. Jakarta Ilmu Manajemen Industri. Pengertian Gross Profit Margin dan Rumusnya https://ilmumanajemenindustri.com/pengertian-gross-profit-margin-marjin-laba-kotor-rumus-gpm/ accessed on 6 January 2019.

Pediatric heart transplant waitlist mortality remains significant but allograft offer refusals are common and allografts continue to be discarded. Our aim in this study was to assess the impact of donor organ refusals on mortality after listing using a multi-institutional data set.In this study we conducted a retrospective review of donor offers made to pediatric (18 years) recipients in the United States in the period from 2007 to 2017. Candidates were stratified by whether they refused an acceptable donor offer (ADO). Acceptance was defined as an offer from a donor40 years old and within 1,000 miles that was ultimately accepted by a waitlist candidate. Candidate survival after an offer was assessed.There were 12,447 hearts offered at least once to a pediatric candidate. Most candidates (n = 4,282, 84.4%) refused the first offer, and 677 (15.4%) of these subsequently died or were removed from the list for deterioration. Refusal of an ADO was associated with higher mortality after listing, independent of transplant, in both univariate (1 year: 92% vs 87%, p = 0.002) and multivariate (hazard ratio 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.7, p0.0001) Cox regression analyses. ADO refusals were not correlated with improved post-transplant survival and8 ADO refusals was associated with higher risk-adjusted post-transplant mortality (odds ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.0 to 2.9, p = 0.04).Refusal of ADOs is associated with higher risk-adjusted mortality after listing (independent of transplantation), without improvement in post-transplant outcomes. So, although a "perfect" organ would be ideal, acceptance of one that is "good enough" has the potential to improve survival among pediatric candidates for heart transplantation.

Introduction: Recent studies have suggested a relationship between mortality and center volume in pediatric heart transplantation; however, these studies utilize databases that lack granularity to assess patient risk profiles. Hypothesis: Utilizing the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society (PHTS) database, we hypothesized that there would be a difference in outcomes among centers based on yearly transplant volume, and that the patient’s clinical profiles would differ by center volume. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the PHTS dataset from all pediatric (≤ 18 years of age) cases from 2009-2018. Centers were stratified into 5 groups based on annual volume: ≤ 4, 4-6, 6-9, 9-14, and > 14 transplants. We evaluated specific variables, including those identified as significant risk factors in previous PHTS studies including mechanical ventilation, PRA > 10%, high BUN, gender, and Fontan completion, within each group. We used Kaplan Meier for survival, contingency tables with Pearson Chi-square test for association, and analysis-of-variance to compare means. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 6800 cases among 55 centers. Table 1 demonstrates that there was no significant difference in one-year post transplant survival among the groups, and the patient variables showing statistically significant differences followed no specific pattern among the center volume groups. It also demonstrates that there is no clear association between cumulative risk factors within individual patients and center volume. Conclusions: One-year post transplant survival is similar within the PHTS for all centers regardless of case volume. These group differences were different for different variables and did not segregate consistently between lower volume and higher volume groups suggesting there exists a complicated relationship among risk factors and center volume.

This study aims (1) to analyze the influence of the use of production factors on the amount of mustard production; (2) to analyze the technical efficiency of the use of production inputs in mustard farming in the research area; and (3) to analyze the feasibility of mustard farming in the research area. Determination of the sample of respondent farmers using the method of saturated samples because the members of the population is small (41 people). So the number of respondents was as many as 41 farmers. The results showed that the use of land area input (x1), seeds (x2), organic fertilizers (x3), inorganic fertilizers (x4), pesticides (x5), and labor (X6) simultaneously had a significant effect on mustard production (α=0.05), as evidenced by the value of F-stat of 441,015 greater than F table of 2.49. Partially the production factor that has a very significant effect (α=0.01) on the increase in mustard production is the land with a regression coefficient of 0.082 and a t-stat value of 8,396, seeds have a real effect (α0.05) on mustard production with a regression coefficient value of 0.082 and a t count value of 3,075 and inorganic fertilizers have a noticeable effect (α=0.10) on mustard production with a regression coefficient value of 0.065 and a t stat value of 2.125. While other production factors, namely organic fertilizers, pesticides and labor have no real effect on the production of mustard at the research site. The Coefficient of Determination (R2) obtained a value of 0.994 which means that 99,4% of the dependent variable was expamimed by the independent variables while the remaining 0.6% is explained by other variables that are not included in the model. The use of production factors such as land area, seeds, organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers and labor in mustard farming was technically efficient, because the value of b > 0. This can be seen from the coefficient of regression of each variable, namely land area (0.395), seeds (0.082), organic fertilizers (0.079), inorganic fertilizers (0.395) and labor (0.002). While the pesticide input production in mustard farming is technically inefficient, because the value of b < 0. This can be seen from the value of pesticide regression coefficient of -0.035. Mustard farming at the research site provides relative profit with the value of R /C Ratio > 1 (R/C= 3.65) so that mustard farming is feasible to be cultivated.

Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is shown to be effective in many psychiatric illnesses, but its distorted projection by the Pakistani media and its unregulated use by many physicians across the country have adversely affected its acceptability. Given this situation we aimed to assess the awareness and perceptions regarding ECT as a treatment modality among the psychiatric patients. Methods This was a questionnaire based cross-sectional study carried out at 2 tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Results We interviewed 190 patients of which 140 were aware of ECT. The study showed that the level of education had a significant impact on the awareness of ECT (p = 0.009). The most common source of awareness was electronic and print media (38%), followed by relatives (24%) and doctors (23%). Physical injuries (42%) and neurological (12%) and cognitive disturbances (11%) were the commonly feared side effects. The most popular belief about ECT was that it was a treatment of last resort (56%). Thirty-nine percent thought that ECT could lead to severe mental and physical illness and 37% considered it inhumane. Patients' willingness to receive ECT was dependant on whether or not they were convinced of its safety (p = 0.001) and efficacy (p = 0.0001). Conclusion We identified a serious lack of dissemination of information regarding ECT by the psychiatrists and the mental health care providers. This may be the result of an inadequate postgraduate training in Pakistan or just a lack of concern about the mentally ill patients. The media seemed to be the major source of information for our patients. We also saw the prevalence of a variety of myths regarding ECT in our society, which we feel may be responsible for the patients' adverse attitudes. Given the widespread applicability of ECT there is a dire need to dispel these misconceptions and improve its acceptability.