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We propose and demonstrate a holographic imaging scheme exploiting random illuminations for recording hologram and then applying numerical reconstruction and twin image removal. We use an in-line holographic geometry to record the hologram in terms of the second-order correlation and apply the numerical approach to reconstruct the recorded hologram. This strategy helps to reconstruct high-quality quantitative images in comparison to the conventional holography where the hologram is recorded in the intensity rather than the second-order intensity correlation. The twin image issue of the in-line holographic scheme is resolved by an unsupervised deep learning based method using an auto-encoder scheme. Proposed learning technique leverages the main characteristic of autoencoders to perform blind single-shot hologram reconstruction, and this does not require a dataset of samples with available ground truth for training and can reconstruct the hologram solely from the captured sample. Experimental results are presented for two objects, and a comparison of the reconstruction quality is given between the conventional inline holography and the one obtained with the proposed technique., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

The coherence holography offers an unconventional way to reconstruct the hologram where an incoherent light illumination is used for reconstruction purposes, and object encoded into the hologram is reconstructed as the distribution of the complex coherence function. Measurement of the coherence function usually requires an interferometric setup and array detectors. This paper presents an entirely new idea of reconstruction of the complex coherence function in the coherence holography without an interferometric setup. This is realized by structured pattern projections on the incoherent source structure and implementing measurement of the cross-covariance of the intensities by a single-pixel detector. This technique, named structured transmittance illumination coherence holography (STICH), helps to reconstruct the complex coherence from the intensity measurement in a single-pixel detector without an interferometric setup and also keeps advantages of the intensity correlations. A simple experimental setup is presented as a first step to realize the technique, and results based on the computer modeling of the experimental setup are presented to show validation of the idea., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Modern furniture in schools, factories and offices is constructed in such a way that no one can use it properly. Each day people sit for many hours hunched over their tables in postures extremely harmful to the back. No one should be surprised that more than half of the population today is complaining of backache. In no other field of human activity is a similar gap between theory and reality found. A closer study of 'normal' sitting postures will explain why nobody is able to sit in the 'ideal' position. First of all, the eye in this position is at a distance of 50-60 cm from the book or working material and the axis of vision is horizontal. In addition, this posture requires at least 90 degrees flexion of the hip joint, yet the normal human being can only bend 60 degrees . A considerably better sitting posture can be obtained if the table is tilted about 10 degrees . In this way the book is brought closer and at a better angle to the eye. The worst bending of the neck is thus avoided. Furthermore, the seat can, with advantage, be tilted 20 degrees forward to reduce the flexion of the lumbar region. By both these means the extra 30 degrees flexion, which is the most strenuous part of flexion, is avoided.