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1. Highly structured genetic diversity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis population in Djibouti

Author

François Renaud, P. Van de Perre, Anne-Laure Bañuls, M. Morillon, J.J. Depina, Marc Choisy, Eric Garnotel, and Sylvain Godreuil

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, Microbiology (medical), Linkage disequilibrium, Tuberculosis, TUBERCULOSE HUMAINE, Population, BACTERIE, Biology, Linkage Disequilibrium, Evolution, Molecular, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phylogenetics, CLONE, medicine, Humans, PHYLOGENIE, spoligotyping/MIRU-VNTR, education, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Phylogeny, Genetics, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, Polymorphism, Genetic, Base Sequence, Phylogenetic tree, Molecular epidemiology, Genetic Variation, population structure, genetic diversity, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, EVOLUTION, GENOTYPE, Bacterial Typing Techniques, STRUCTURE GENETIQUE, Infectious Diseases, BACTERIOSE, POLYMORPHISME GENETIQUE, Djibouti
Abstract

Djibouti is an East African country with a high tuberculosis incidence. This study was conducted over a 2-month period in Djibouti, during which 62 consecutive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) were included. Genetic characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit variable-number tandem-repeat typing and spoligotyping, was performed. The genetic and phylogenetic analysis revealed only three major families (Central Asian, East African Indian and T). The high diversity and linkage disequilibrium within each family suggest a long period of clonal evolution. A Bayesian approach shows that the phylogenetic structure observed in our sample of 62 isolates is very likely to be representative of the phylogenetic structure of the M. tuberculosis population in the total number of TB cases.

Published
2010
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2. Diagnostic du paludisme d'importation en France

Author

J.J. De Pina, M. Morillon, Serge Védy, Eric Garnotel, P. Hance, and Christophe Rogier

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Diseases, business.industry, medicine, Travel medicine, Imported disease, Medical emergency, medicine.disease, Protozoal disease, business, Malaria, Imported malaria
Abstract

The need for diagnosis of imported malaria is frequent in France. Diagnosis biological tools are different, according methods, sensitivity, interpretation and costs. Strategies for their use could be stratified according locally available methods, and experience of the practician.

Published
2007
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3. Measurement of chlorine nitrate in the stratosphere using the ν4and ν5bands

Author

Guy Guelachvili, M. Morillon-Chapey, Wesley A. Traub, Johannes Orphal, Kelly Chance, D. G. Johnson, K. W. Jucks, and G. C. Toon

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Chlorine nitrate, Analytical chemistry, Sunset, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geophysics, Altitude, chemistry, Mixing ratio, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Emission spectrum, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Stratosphere, Remote sensing
Abstract

We present laboratory measurements of the absorption cross sections of the ν5 band (540–580 cm−1) of chlorine nitrate made under stratospheric conditions of temperature and pressure. We use the measured cross sections and observed mid-infrared stratospheric emission spectra to retrieve mid-latitude vertical mixing ratio profiles for both day and night in the altitude range 20–34 km, and compare the results with a sunset profile obtained simultaneously from solar absorption measurements of the ν4 Q branch at 780 cm−1. The profiles obtained using these two methods are shown to be in excellent agreement, validating retrievals using the ν4 band. We also find good agreement in this altitude range between the observed day/night ratio and the results of a 1-D photochemical model

Published
1996
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4. The Spectrum of Nitric Oxide Between 1700 and 2100 cm−1

Author

V. Dana, J.-Y. Mandin, R. Farrenq, M. Morillon-Chapey, and L. H. Coudert

Subjects
Physics, Infrared, Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Dipole, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Moment (physics), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Hyperfine structure, Spectroscopy, Microwave, Line (formation)
Abstract

Using Fourier-transform spectra, absolute line position measurements were performed in the 1 ← 0 allowed subbands of 14 N 16 O for transitions characterized by high J values ( J ≤ 41.5). A global analysis of these new data along with previously published infrared, far-infrared, and microwave data involving the ν = 0, 1, and 2 vibrational states was carried out and yielded improved rovibrational, Λ-doubling, and hyperfine coupling spectroscopic constants. Absolute intensities have also been obtained and the vibrational dipole moment of the 1 ← O subbands, as well as the Herman-Wallis coefficients, were determined through an analysis of these new intensities and of those reported by M. N. Spencer, C. Chakerian, Jr., L. P. Giver, and L. R. Brown ( J. Mol. Spectrosc. 165, 506-524, 1994). These constants and the ones reported for the 2 ← 1 allowed subbands and the 1 ← 0 forbidden subbands were used to compute a complete synthetic spectrum in which line positions were calculated, using the spectroscopic constants obtained in this work and accounting for the hyperfine structure.

Published
1995
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5. Abcès cérébraux à Haemophilus aphrophilus : deux nouveaux cas

Author

C. Destrieux, E. Hernandez, P. Dubrous, Y. Buisson, P. Gerome, and M. Morillon

Subjects
Infectious Diseases
Abstract

Resume Haemophilus aphrophilus est un commensal des voies aeriennes superieures des vertebres rarement pathogene pour l'homme. Il est responsable d'endocardites et d'abces cerebraux dont il peut representer 16 % des etiologies. Les facteurs favorisants sont des facteurs lies au germe (tropisme cerebral et coinfection bacterienne), lies a l'hote (metastase d'origine valvulaire, infection loco-regionale, immunodepression) et rarement lies a l'environnement (contact avec les animaux domestiques). Le diagnostic differentiel peut se poser avec H. paraphrophilus, H. actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens et Cardiobacterium hominis. H. aphrophilus a en general une sensibilite conservee aux antibiotiques. Deux nouveaux cas d'abces cerebral a H. aphrophilus sont rapportes. L'evolution de ces cas recents est favorable. Les progres des moyens diagnostiques facilitent l'isolement de ce germe qui doit etre systematiquement recherche dans les abces cerebraux communautaires.

Published
1995
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6. Line Positions and Intensities in the Fundamental 1 ← 0 Forbidden 2Π1/2-2Π3/2 and 2Π3/2-2Π1/2-Subbands of Nitric Oxide

Author

Guy Guelachvili, R. Farrenq, M. Morillon-Chapey, J.-Y. Mandin, F. Leroy, M. Badaoui, L. H. Coudert, and V. Dana

Subjects
Physics, Absorption spectroscopy, Transition dipole moment, Infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform spectra, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Diatomic molecule, Hyperfine structure, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Line (formation)
Abstract

Using Fourier transform spectra, absolute line positions and intensities have been measured in the 2 Π 1/2 - 2 Π 3/2 and 2 Π 3/2 - 2 Π 1/2 forbidden subbands of the vibrational 1 ← 0 fundamental band of nitric oxide. To retrieve accurate results from the spectra, the hyperfine structure was carefully taken into account. From the measured line intensities, the vibrational transition dipole moment, as well as the Herman-Wallis coefficients, has been determined for the studied subbands.

Published
1994
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7. The ν1 and 2ν6 Bands of 35CINO2 (Nitryl Chloride) Around 7.7 μM Studied by High-Resolution Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy

Author

M. Morillon-Chapey, Johannes Orphal, and Guy Guelachvili

Subjects
Materials science, Infrared, High resolution, Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy, Molecular physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Hot band, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fermi resonance, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Nitryl chloride
Abstract

The ν1 and 2ν6 infrared bands of 35CINO2 around 7.7 μm have studied for the first time by high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Assignments have been made for 2109 a-type P-, Q-, and R-branch transitions of the ν1 band (with K′a up to 30 and J′ up to 80) and 2139 a-type P-, Q-, and R-branch transitions of the 2ν6 band (with K′a up to 26 and J′ up to 78). The rotational constants in the v1 = 1 and v6 = 2 vibrational states of 35CINO2 were determined by least-squares calculations. The strength of the first-order Fermi resonance between the v1 = 1 and v6 = 2 vibrational states and its influence on the rotational constants are discussed.

Published
1994
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8. The High-Resolution Infrared Spectrum of Nitryl Chloride: Rotational Analysis of the 35CINO2 ν4 Band Around 6 μm

Author

M. Morillon-Chapey, Johannes Orphal, and Guy Guelachvili

Subjects
Absorption spectroscopy, Infrared, Chemistry, Resolution (electron density), Analytical chemistry, Infrared spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Rotational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Ground state, Spectroscopy, Nitryl chloride
Abstract

Nitryl chloride (ClNO[sub 2]) is involved in heterogeneous stratospheric chemistry by the reaction of HCl with N[sub 2]O[sub 5] on polar stratospheric cloud particles. The present work reports the first high-resolution infrared absorption spectra of nitryl chloride. The authors have recorded two infrared absorption spectra of ClNO[sub 2] at room temperature between 450 and 2,450 cm[sup [minus]1] with a stepping-mode Fourier transform spectrometer at 0.0028 cm[sup [minus]1] nonapodized resolution. The spectrum shows rich, well-resolved rotational structure in the [nu][sub 6] (652 cm[sup [minus]1]), [nu][sub 2] (792 cm[sup [minus]1]), [nu][sub 1] (1,268 cm[sup [minus]1]), 2[nu][sub 6] (1,318 cm[sup [minus]1]), and [nu][sub 4] (1,684 cm[sup [minus]1]) bands. They have carried out a rotational analysis of the [nu][sub 4] band of [sup 35]ClNO[sub 2] around 1,684 cm[sup [minus]1], leading to the assignment of 1,691 b-type transitions. The authors have determined new rotational constants for the ground state, and the rotational constants for the [nu][sub 4] = 1 vibrational state.

Published
1994
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9. Line Intensities in the 11- and 7.6-μm-Band of HNO3

Author

V. Dana, Claude Camy-Peyret, Agnes Perrin, Q. Kou, J.-Y. Mandin, R. Farrenq, F. Leroy, M. Badaoui, Guy Guelachvili, M. Morillon-Chapey, J. M. Flaud, V. Jaouen, and Johannes Orphal

Subjects
Physics, chemistry.chemical_classification, Infrared, Transition dipole moment, Infrared spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, chemistry, Excited state, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Inorganic compound, Spectroscopy, Intensity (heat transfer), Line (formation)
Abstract

Seventy-six individual line intensities of the {ν 5 , 2ν 9 } and {ν 3 , ν 4 } bands of HNO 3 have been measured using high-resolution Fourier transform spectra recorded in the 450-1640 cm −1 spectral range. These intensities were then accurately reproduced using a model which takes explicitly into account both Fermi- and Coriolis-type resonances affecting the { v 5 = 1, v 9 = 2} and { v 3 = 1, v 4 = 1} interacting upper levels of HNO 3 . Finally, synthetic spectra (line positions and intensities) of the {ν 5 , 2ν 9 } (11 μm) and {ν 3 , ν 4 } (7.6 μm) bands of HNO 3 have been generated.

Published
1993
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10. High-Resolution Fourier Transform Spectra of CH2D2: Vibrational Bands 2ν3(A1), ν1(A1) and 2ν9(A1), and ν3 + ν4(A1)

Author

O.N. Ulenikov, A.B. Malikova, Guy Guelachvili, and M. Morillon-Chapey

Subjects
Materials science, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Vibrational bands, High resolution, Resonance, Fourier transform spectra, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular physics, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The investigation of the rotational structure of the 2ν3(A1), ν1(A1), 2ν9(A1), and ν3 + ν4(A1) bands of CH2D2 is carried out. The band centers and rotational, centrifugal, and resonance parameters are obtained.

Published
1993
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11. High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of CH2D2: The 2ν5(A1), ν3 + ν9(B2), ν5 + ν9(B1), and ν3 + ν7(B1) vibrational bands

Author

A.B. Malikova, G. A. Shevchenko, Guy Guelachvili, M. Morillon-Chapey, and O.N. Ulenikov

Subjects
Materials science, Absorption spectroscopy, Infrared, Infrared spectroscopy, Resonance, Molecular physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Interferometry, symbols.namesake, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform, Deuterium, symbols, Rotational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy
Abstract

High-resolution infrared spectra of CH2D2 have been recorded with a Fourier transform interferometer. The rotational structures of the vibrational bands 2ν5(A1), ν3 + ν9(B2), ν5 + ν9(B1), and ν3 + ν7(B1) have been analyzed. The band centers, rotational, centrifugal, and resonance parameters obtained reproduce the experimental data within about 0.001 cm−1.

Published
1992
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12. Intensities and self-broadening coefficients of 12C16O2 lines in the laser band region

Author

R. B. Wattson, M. Morillon-Chapey, J.-Y. Mandin, Guy Guelachvili, V. Dana, Q. Kou, and Laurence S. Rothman

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Infrared, Triatomic molecule, Transition dipole moment, Fourier transform spectra, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Square (algebra), law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry, law, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Inorganic compound, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The intensities of 13 C 16 O 2 lines have been measured in the three bands centered at 883.145, 913.425, and 1017.659 cm − , using Fourier transform spectra. The square of the transition dipole moment and the Herman-Wallis coefficients have been determined; the band intensities deduced from these results are in good agreement with the ones obtained by calculations employing the Direct Numerical Diagonalization method. In addition, the self-broadening coefficients of 75 lines have been measured in the two strongest bands.

Published
1992
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13. Persisting Mixed Cryoglobulinemia in Chikungunya Infection

Author

Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Jean-Luc Moalic, Christophe Rogier, Philippe Kraemer, Pierre Jeandel, Marc Grandadam, Hugues Tolou, Catherine Marimoutou, Jean-Jacques Morand, M. Morillon, Manuela Oliver, Philippe Parola, and Fabrice Simon

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Hepatitis C virus, medicine.disease_cause, Cryoglobulins, Serology, Cryoglobulin, Internal medicine, Infectious Diseases/Viral Infections, medicine, Humans, Chikungunya, Alphavirus infection, Aged, business.industry, Alphavirus Infections, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, virus diseases, lcsh:RA1-1270, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cryoglobulinemia, Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases/Neglected Tropical Diseases, Immunology, Polyarthritis, Female, business, Chikungunya virus, Research Article, Infectious Diseases/Tropical and Travel-Associated Diseases
Abstract

Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus, is responsible for a two-stage disabling disease, consisting of an acute febrile polyarthritis for the first 10 days, frequently followed by chronic rheumatisms, sometimes lasting for years. Up to now, the pathophysiology of the chronic stage has been elusive. Considering the existence of occasional peripheral vascular disorders and some unexpected seronegativity during the chronic stage of the disease, we hypothesized the role of cryoglobulins. Methods From April 2005 to May 2007, all travelers with suspected CHIKV infection were prospectively recorded in our hospital department. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings (anti-CHIKV IgM and IgG, cryoglobulin) were registered at the first consultation or hospitalization and during follow-up. Results Among the 66 travelers with clinical suspicion of CHIKV infection, 51 presented anti-CHIKV IgM. There were 45 positive with the serological assay tested at room temperature, and six more, which first tested negative when sera were kept at 4°C until analysis, became positive after a 2-hour incubation of the sera at 37°C. Forty-eight of the 51 CHIKV-seropositive patients were screened for cryoglobulinemia; 94% were positive at least once during their follow-up. Over 90% of the CHIKV-infected patients had concomitant arthralgias and cryoglobulinemia. Cryoglobulin prevalence and level drop with time as patients recover, spontaneously or after short-term corticotherapy. In some patients cryoglobulins remained positive after 1 year. Conclusion Prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia was high in CHIKV-infected travelers with long-lasting symptoms. No significant association between cryoglobulinemia and clinical manifestations could be evidenced. The exact prognostic value of cryoglobulin levels has yet to be determined. Responsibility of cryoglobulinemia was suspected in unexpected false negativity of serological assays at room temperature, leading us to recommend performing serology on pre-warmed sera., Author Summary Chikungunya virus is present in tropical Africa and Asia and is transmitted by mosquito bites. The disease is characterized by fever, headache, severe joint pain and transient skin rash for about a week. Most patients experience persisting joint pain and/or stiffness for months to years. In routine practice, diagnosis is based upon serology. Since 2004 there has been an ongoing giant outbreak of Chikungunya fever in East Africa, the Indian Ocean Islands, India and East Asia. In parallel, more than 1,000 travelers were diagnosed with imported Chikungunya infection in most developed countries. Considering the clinical features of our patients (joint pain), we hypothesized that cryoglobulins could be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease as observed in chronic hepatitis C infection. Cryoglobulins, which are immunoglobulins that precipitate when temperature is below 37°C, can induce rheumatic and vascular disorders. From April 2005 through May 2007, we screened all patients with possible imported Chikungunya infection for cryoglobulins. They were present in over 90% of patients, and possibly responsible for the unexpected false negativity of serological assays. Cryoglobulin frequency and levels decreased with time in recovering patients.

Published
2009

14. High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of CH2D2: The Fermi-interacting vibrational bands ν8(B2), ν4 + ν9(B2) and 2ν9(A1), ν3 + ν4(A1)

Author

M. Morillon-Chapey, A.B. Malikova, O.N. Ulenikov, G. Guelachvili, and G. A. Shevchenko

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Physics, Infrared, High resolution, Fourier transform spectra, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Hydrocarbon, chemistry, Vibrational bands, Fermi resonance, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Energy (signal processing), Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The investigation of the rotational structure of ν 4 + ν 9 ( B 2 ), 2 ν 9 ( A 1 ), and ν 3 + ν 4 ( A 1 ) bands of CH 2 D 2 is carried out. The band centers (2285.97695, 2458.79616, and 2469.20351 cm −1 , respectively) and rotation-vibration energy levels are obtained.

Published
1991
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15. Réponse à une épidémie: le choléra à Djibouti

Author

F. Flocard, J. A. Husser, M. Morillon, M. Robert, and J.J. De Pina

Subjects
Infectious Diseases
Abstract

Resume En 1994, la Bioforce intervenait a Djibouti pour une epidemie de cholera. La necessite d'installer un centre de traitement en milieu urbain a amene a adopter des solutions originales: hopital sous tente a cote de l'hopital general et epandage des excreta. Cette action ponctuelle, qui fut tres efficace dans la lutte contre la letalite, ne pouvait pas regler les problemes de fond: acces de la population a l'eau potable et assainissement. Ces carences deviennent encore plus criantes au moment des inondations qui sont devenues frequentes depuis quelques annees aux mois de novembre et decembre.

Published
1999
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16. [Diagnosis of imported malaria in France]

Author

J J, De Pina, E, Garnotel, P, Hance, S, Vedy, C, Rogier, and M, Morillon

Subjects
Plasmodium, Travel, Animals, Humans, Antigens, Protozoan, France, Malaria
Abstract

The need for diagnosis of imported malaria is frequent in France. Diagnosis biological tools are different, according methods, sensitivity, interpretation and costs. Strategies for their use could be stratified according locally available methods, and experience of the practician.

Published
2007

17. Outbreak of typhoid fever in vaccinated members of the French Armed Forces in the Ivory Coast

Author

André Spiegel, R. Michel, M. Morillon, Jean-Paul Boutin, Pierre Saliou, and Eric Garnotel

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Food Contamination, Salmonella typhi, Typhoid fever, Disease Outbreaks, Cohort Studies, Feces, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Typhoid Fever, business.industry, Public health, Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines, Outbreak, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Virology, Vaccination, Cote d'Ivoire, Military Personnel, Food Microbiology, Salmonella Food Poisoning, France, Cucumis sativus, business, Cohort study
Abstract

In 2001, an outbreak of typhoid fever occurred among the members of the French Armed Forces. All had received a typhoid vaccination as per the immunization schedule practiced in the Armed Forces (every 5 years). A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 94 personnel. The objectives were to confirm the diagnosis, determine the source of contamination and identify the factors associated with defective vaccinal efficacy. Twenty-four cases were clinically identified. A cucumber salad was identified as the contaminating dish (Risk Ratio = 3.6; 95%CI 1.5-8.9). Only one factor was related to defective vaccinal efficacy; the risk of typhoid fever was two-fold higher in people vaccinated more than 3 years previously (Risk Ratio = 2.2; 95%CI, 1.1-4.2). Compliance with food hygiene rules could have prevented 24 cases of typhoid fever. Nevertheless, repeat vaccination against typhoid fever is now conducted every 3 years in the French Forces, in compliance with the manufacturers' recommendations.

Published
2005

18. Infections à Corynebacterium diphtheriae : quatre observations récentes en Nouvelle-Calédonie

Author

P. Virieu, R. Buissoniere, C. Menager, C. Morlat, M. Morillon, and L. Lepot

Subjects
Corynebacterium diphtheriae, education.field_of_study, Infectious Diseases, biology, Immunization, Population, medicine, Endocarditis, education, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Microbiology
Abstract

Summary The authors report four cases of infections related to Corynebacterium diphtheriae seen during less than two years in New Caledonia : two cases of endocarditis, one angina and one vulvovaginitis. These cases confirm the spread of this bacteria in the area and underline the importance of a high level of immunization of the population.

Published
1993
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19. The Far-Infrared Spectrum of ClNO2 Studied by High-Resolution Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy

Author

Stefan Klee, Johannes Orphal, M. Morillon-Chapey, G.Chr. Mellau, and Manfred Winnewisser

Subjects
Fourth order, Materials science, Far infrared, Distortion, Spectrum (functional analysis), High resolution, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Molecular physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Nitryl chloride
Abstract

The far-infrared spectrum of nitryl chloride was studied using high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy in the 300-525 cm-1 region. Vibrational band centers of fundamental, hot, and difference bands were determined. Furthermore, rotational and centrifugal distortion constants up to fourth order for the nu3 bands of 35ClNO2 and 37ClNO2 (centered at 370 and 364 cm-1, respectively) were obtained. The nu5 fundamental of ClNO2 (predicted around 410 cm-1) is very weak and overlapped by difference bands. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Published
1998

20. Two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in New Caledonia

Author

H. Dubourdieu, M. Morillon, R. Costa, J Thevenon, E. Begaud, and Yves Germani

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Adult, Diarrhea, Male, Rotavirus, Adolescent, medicine.disease_cause, Campylobacter jejuni, Rotavirus Infections, Microbiology, Feces, fluids and secretions, New Caledonia, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Shigella, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Yersinia enterocolitica, Child, Escherichia coli, Aged, Protozoan Infections, biology, Bacteria, Incidence, Age Factors, Eukaryota, Bacterial Infections, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Child, Preschool, Acute Disease, Female, Seasons, medicine.symptom, Water Microbiology, Research Article
Abstract

A longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in New Caledonia from January 1990 to December 1991. Stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. Potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. One or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectively. Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., HEp-2 cell adherent Escherichia coli (diffuse adherent and enteroaggregative), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (EPEC adherence factor-positive strains belonging to classical serotypes), localized adherent E. coli (non-EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli were the frequently identified enteropathogenic bacteria. Other major enteropathogens were Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, and rotavirus were isolated from only a few patients. No Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Shiga-like-toxin-producing E. coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, or enteroinvasive E. coli were identified. Shiga-like toxin I-producing E. coli were present in adult bovines and calves, and heat-stable enterotoxin II-producing enterotoxigenic E. coli were found in pigs.

Published
1994

21. F.T. spectroscopy of OH produced in a microwave surface plasma

Author

Benidar, A, Farrenq, R, Guelachvili, G, Chapey, M. Morillon, and Chackerian, C., Jr

Subjects
Inorganic And Physical Chemistry
Abstract

Emission spectra of the hydroxyl radical have been recorded between 450 and 4200/cm at 0.0027/cm unapodized resolution from an air+oxygen+water vapor plasma, using a surface microwave discharge. The characteristics of the source are described. The emission spectra were recorded with the F.T. spectrometer using a GeCu detector and KCl beams plitter. High J values were observed both for the pure rotational transition in v=0 and v=1 vibrational levels, and for the rovibrational transition in the 0-1 and 1-2 bands. The set of line intensity data will be used to compute the electric dipole moment function of OH.

Published
1989

22. Un nouveau cas de septicémie à Microbacterium

Author

Y. Buisson, B. Chevalier, J. Masbou, M. Kiredjian, M. Morillon, T. Samson, and J. Valmary

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, biology, Microbacterium, Identification (biology), Human pathogen, biology.organism_classification, Bacteria, Microbiology
Abstract

Summary Microbacterium is an uncommon human pathogen. With a new case of septicemia, the authors underline the importance of a complete identification of coryneform bacteria in such a case.

Published
1994
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24. A first study of the ν6 fundamental of CF2Cl 2

Author

J.-C. Deroche, D.E. Jennings, R.J. Nordstrom, and M. Morillon-Chapey

Subjects
Physics, Resolution (electron density), General Engineering, Laser, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, law, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Atomic physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Quantum, Diode
Abstract

The spectral region near 923 cm-1 is studied by using diode laser spectra of the dominant Q-branch belonging to the CF2 35Cl2 molecule along with Fourier transform spectra of the entire region from 910 to 935 cm-1. The overlap of the many absorption bands and also the large density of lines make quantum identification difficult because even at the resolving power of the diode laser (0.001 5 cm-1) the lines observed are not pure. However, rotational constants have been found which reconstruct the Q-branch lines up to J = 78. The profile of the R-branch calculated from these constants is in fair agreement with the Fourier transform spectra from 925 to 935 cm-1 recorded at a resolution of 0.04 cm-1.

Published
1979
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25. Analysis of the high resolution spectrum of the ν2 and ν5 absorption bands of methyl chloride

Author

Guy Guelachvili, Per Jensen, and M. Morillon-Chapey

Subjects
Physics, Infrared, Spectrum (functional analysis), medicine, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, High resolution, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Chloride, medicine.drug
Abstract

The infrared spectrum of methyl chloride CH3Cl between 1280 and 1650 cm−1 has been recorded at high resolution (0.005 cm−1). The Coriolis interactions between ν2(A1) and ν5(E) and between 2ν3(A1) and ν5 have been investigated through a least squares fit to the transitions observed for CH335Cl. Ten parameters for the three upper vibrational states and three interaction constants have been determined, reproducing the 1200 observed wavenumbers with a standard deviation of 0.002 cm−1. An accidental resonance of the type l(ΔK = 2, Δl = −1) between ν2 and ν5 was found to be present in the spectrum.

Published
1984
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26. Vibrational spectra and force constants of symmetric tops: ν1, ν5, and 2ν5 of CF335Cl and CF337Cl

Author

M. Morillon, S. Biedermann, C. Alamichel, H. Bürger, and A. Ruoff

Subjects
Physics, Force constant, Resolution (electron density), Infrared spectroscopy, Natural abundance, Fermi resonance, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Gas phase, Vibrational spectra
Abstract

The gas phase infrared spectra of CF 3 35 Cl and CF 3 37 Cl have been recorded in the ν 1 region and 2 ν 5 regions with a resolution of 0.09 cm −1 . Additionally the ν 5 fundamental of CF 3 Cl, with natural isotopic abundance, has been reinvestigated with a resolution of approximately 0.36 cm −1 . Molecular constants have been evaluated from the observed spectra by means of polynomials and band contour simulation. The possibility of a Fermi resonance between ν 1 and 2 ν 5 is discussed.

Published
1975
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27. Fine structure in the ν1 band of CH3Cl near 2970 cm−1

Author

G. Graner and M. Morillon-Chapey

Subjects
Physics, Spectrometer, Resolution (electron density), Isotopes of chlorine, Limit (mathematics), Fermi resonance, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Spectroscopy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

A S.I.S.A.M. Spectrometer with a resolution limit of 0.031 cm −1 has been used to study the fine structure of the ν 1 parallel band of CH 3 Cl near 2970 cm −1 . Several hundred lines have been assigned and all molecular constants computed for both chlorine isotopes. Since the band exhibited no anomalous structure, we have also discussed the assumption of Adel and Barker that a strong Fermi resonance exists between ν 1 and 2 ν 5 .

Published
1969
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28. Negative ion SH−: The vibration-rotation bands between 2200 and 2750 cm−1 by Fourier transform spectroscopy

Author

Guy Guelachvili, M. Elhanine, M. Morillon-Chapey, and R. Farrenq

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Rotation, Molecular physics, Diatomic molecule, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Fourier transform spectroscopy, Ion, symbols.namesake, Fourier transform, chemistry, symbols, Emission spectrum, Rotational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Inorganic compound, Spectroscopy
Published
1988
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29. Ultrastructural nuclear defects and increased chromosome aneuploidies in spermatozoa with elongated heads.

Author

N. Prisant, D. Escalier, J-C. Soufir, M. Morillon, D. Schoevaert, M. Misrahi, and G. Tachdjian

Subjects
ANEUPLOIDY, PLOIDY, SPERMATOZOA, SEX chromosomes
Abstract

BACKGROUND Cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to elongated sperm heads are not known. We have analysed the nuclear status of spermatozoa with elongated heads. METHODS Fourteen men with at least 30% of spermatozoa with an elongated nucleus were studied and compared with five fertile men as controls. Sperm morphology was analysed by a quantitative ultrastructural analysis. Sperm chromosomal content was assessed by three-colour fluorescence in-situ hybridization (chromosomes X, Y, 18). Y chromosome microdeletion and karyotype were analysed. RESULTS Elongated sperm head rates of the patients were 46.9% (30–75 versus 0–2% in the control group) by light microscopy and 34.4% by electron microscopy. In all patients, the chromatin was poorly condensed in elongated sperm heads (50% of elongated nuclei). No anomalies of sperm biochemical markers were found. All the men showed normal karyotype (46,XY) and absence of Y chromosome microdeletion. Aneuploidy rates of gonosomes and chromosome 18 were significantly increased in patients (1.64- and 3.6-fold, P = 0.006 and 0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that impaired chromatin compaction and slightly increased chromosome aneuploidies are found in spermatozoa with an elongated head, suggesting possible mechanisms such as meiotic non-disjunctions or spermiogenesis anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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30. Mortality from malaria in France, 2005 to 2014

Author

Kendjo, Eric, Thellier, Marc, Noël, Harold, Jauréguiberry, Stéphane, Septfons, Alexandra, Mouri, Oussama, Gay, Frédérick, Tantaoui, Ilhame, Caumes, Eric, Houzé, Sandrine, Piarroux, Renaud, Musset, Lise, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Santé publique France Guyane, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 216), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Paris (UP), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de Parasitologie [Cayenne, Guyane française], Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Mère et enfant en milieu tropical : pathogènes, système de santé et transition épidémiologique (MERIT - UMR_D 261), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CNR - laboratoire associé), Centre Collaborateur OMS pour la surveillance de la résistance aux antipaludiques [Cayenne, Guyane française] (CCOMS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), The French imported malaria Study group: C. Strady (CHU Reims), Caroline Lohmann (CH du Moenchsberg, Mulhouse), Celine Arriuberge (CH Trousseau, Paris), Emmanuel Grimprel (CH Trousseau, Paris), Jean-Marie Delarbre (CH du Moenchsberg, Mulhouse), Michel Thibault (CH René Dubos, Pontoise), Mohamadou Niang (CHR Orléans), A. Barrans (CH Sète), A. Martin (CH Périgueux), A. Spiegel (DESP Nord), A. Valentin (CHU Toulouse), A.S. Le Guern (Institut Pasteur, Paris), Adela Angoulvant (CHU Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris), Adeline Dubois (CH Alès), Adrien Genin (CH Pays d'Aix), Agathe Lebuisson (CHU Cochin), Agnes Riche (CH Angoulême), Agnès Durand (Institut Pasteur, Paris), Agnès Fromont (CH Auxerre), Ahmed Aboubacar (CHU de Strasbourg), Ahmed Fateh Ousser (CH Louis Mourier), Aida Taieb (INTS, Paris), Alain Domergue (CH Alès - Cévennes), Alain Gravet (CH du Moenchsberg, Mulhouse), Alain Lecoustumier (CH de Cahors), Albert Faye (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), Alexander Pfaff (CHU de Strasbourg), Alexandra Faussart (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Alexandre Chlilek (CHU Nîmes), Alice Borel (CHU Amiens), Alice Pérignon (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Ana Mendes-Mreira (CH La Rochelle), André Gardrat (CH d’Evreux), Ange Kissila (CH Provins), Angèle LI (CH Creil (Laënnec)), Anne Cady (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Anne Debourgogne (CHU de Nancy), Anne Delaval (CHI Robert Ballanger, Aulnay-sous-Bois), Anne Goepp (CHI Villeneuve St Georges), Anne Marfaing-Koka (Hôpital Antoine-Béclère), Anne Pauline Bellanger (CHU Besançon, Jean Minjoz), Anne Vincenot-Blouin (CH Meaux), Anne-Marie Teychene-Coutet (CH Bondy-Jean Verdier), Anne-Sophie Deleplancque (CH Lille), Annick Verhaeghe (CH de Dunkerque), Annie Motard-Picheloup (CHI Fréjus St Raphaël), Antoine Berry (CHU Toulouse), Antoine Huguenin (CHU Reims), Arnaud Bouvet (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Audrey Merens (HIA Begin), Aurelie Roide (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Aurore Sanson (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Aurélie Fricot (CHU Necker), Aurélie Guigon (CHR Orléans), Benfatallah Dhouha (CHU Necker, Paris), Benjamin Wyplosz (CHU Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris), Benoît Henri (INTS, Paris), Bernadette Buret (CH Niort), Bernadette Cuisenier (CHU Dijon), Bernadette Worms (CHU Dijon), Bernard Faugère (CH Timone, Marseille), Biligui Sylvestre (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Boualem Sendid (CH Lille), Bruno Megarbane (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Bruno Pradines (Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 13005 Marseille, France, Aix Marseille University, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 13005 Marseille, France), Béatrice Quinet (CH Trousseau, Paris), C. Braidy (CH du Sud Seine et Marne), C. Farrugia (CH de Dourdan), C. Finot (CH de Dreux), Camille Roussel (INTS, Paris), Camille Runel-Belliard (CHU de Bordeaux), Caren Brump (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Carine Dokoula (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Carmina Camal (CH Louis Mourier), Carole Mackosso (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Carole Poupon (CH de Gonesse), Caroline Garandeau (CH Angoulême), Catherine Benoit (CH du Sud Seine et Marne), Catherine Branger (CH Louis Mourier), Catherine Brehant (CH La Rochelle), Catherine Desideri-Vaillant (HIA Clermont Tonnerre, Brest), Catherine Kauffmann Lacroix (CH Poitiers), Catherine Lafaurie (CH d’Epernay), Cecile Hombrouck-Alet (CH Blois), Cecile Ramade (Lyon-Croix-Rousse), Celine Damiani (CHU Amiens), Celine Gourmel (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Chantal Duhamel (CHU Côte de Nacre), Chantal Garabedian (CH Pays d'Aix), Chralotte Chambrion (INTS, Paris), Christelle Morelle (CHU Montpellier), Christelle Pomares Estran (CH Universitaire de Nice), Christelle Prince (CH de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon), Christian Durand (CH Provins), Christian Fulleda (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Christian Raccurt (CHU Amiens), Christine Chaigneau (GHPSO, Creil), Christine Chemla (CHRU de Reims), Christine Van batten (CH Laënnec, Creil), Christophe Martinaud (HIA Percy, Clamart), Christophe Rapp (HIA Begin), Claire Augé (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Claire Malbrunot (CH Corbeil Essonne), Claudine Febvre (CH de Montbéliard), Claudine Sarfati (Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris), Coralie l'Ollivier (CH de la Timone, Marseille), Corinne Huet (Hôpital Louis-Pasteur, Cherbourg-Octeville), Cournac Jean-Marie (HIA Percy, Clamart), Cynthia Pianetti (CH Gabriel Martin, La Réunion), Cécile Angebault (CHU Necker, Paris), Cécile Ficko (HIA Begin), Cécile Garnaud (CHU de Grenoble), Cécile Leprince (CHI Robert Ballanger, Aulnay-sous-Bois), Céliat Merat (CHU Nantes), Céline Dard (CHU de Grenoble), Céline Nourrisson (CHRU Clermont-Ferrand), Céline Tournus (Hôpital Delafontaine, Saint-Denis), Daniel Azjenberg (CHU Dupuytren, Limoges), Daniel Camus (CH Lille), Daniel Lusina (CHI Robert Ballanger, Aulnay-sous-Bois), Daniel Parzy (IMTSSA, Marseille), Denis Pons (CHRU Clermont-Ferrand), Denis Filisetti (CHU Strasbourg), Denis Malvy (CHU de Bordeaux), Didier Basset (CHU Montpellier), Didier Jan (CH Laval), Didier Poisson (CHR Orléans), Didier Raffenot (CH Chambéry), Dieudonné Bemba (CH Bondy-Jean Verdier), Dominique Maubon (CHU de Grenoble), Dominique Mazier (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Dominique Popjora (CH Trousseau, Paris), Dominique Toubas (CHRU de Reims), Dorothée Quino (CHRU Morvan, Brest), Alioune Ndour (INTS, Paris), Ducout Louis (CH de la Côte Basque), Duong Thanh Hai (CHRU Bretonneau), E. Boyer (CH Le Mans), Edgar Ombandza (CH Provins), Edith Mazars (CH de Valenciennes), Elisabeth Buffet (CH de Epernay), Elodie Collin (CHI Robert Ballanger, Aulnay-sous-Bois), Elodie Meynet (CH Annecy Genevois), Emeline Scherer (CHU Besançon, Jean Minjoz), Emilie Fréalle (CH Lille), Emilie Klein (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Emilie Sitterle (CHU Necker, Paris), Emily Ronez (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Emmanuel Dutoit (CH Lille), Enrique Casalino (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Eric Caumes (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Eric Dannaoui (Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris), Eric Gardien (CH de Draguignan, Bordeaux), Eric Kendjo (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris),Eric d'Ortenzio (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Ermanno Candolfi (CHU de Strasbourg), Estelle Perraud-Cateau (CH Poitiers), Eterne Twizeyimana (CH du Cotentin), F. Roblot (CH Poitiers), Fabienne Pateyron (CH Provins), Fabrice Bruneel (CH de Versailles, André Mignot), Fabrice Legros (CNR du paludisme), Fabrice Simon (HIA Laveran), Fakhri Jeddi (CHU Nantes), Farida M. Benaoudia (CH Troyes), Faïzi Ajana (CH Tourcoing), Felix Djossou (CH de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon), Firouze Banisadr (CHRU de Reims), Florent Morio (CHU Nantes), Francis Derouin (Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris), Francois Moussel (CH François-Quesnay, Mantes-La-Jolie), Francoise Foulet (CHU Henri Mondor), François Peyron (Lyon-Croix-Rousse), Françoise Benoit-Vical (CHU Toulouse), Françoise Botterel (CHU Henri Mondor), Françoise Gayandrieu (CHU Nantes), Françoise Schmitt (CH du Moenchsberg, Mulhouse), Frederic Ariey (CHU Cochin, Paris), Frédéric Grenouillet (CHU Jean Minjoz, Besançon), Frédéric Sorge (CHU Necker), Frédérique Gay (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Frédérique Foudrinier (CHRU de Reims), G. Courrouble (CH Blois), G. Gallou (CH de Falaise), G. Julienne (CH Belfort), G. Philippon (Centre Médical CMETE, Paris), Gauthier Pean-de-Ponfilly (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Geneviève Grise (CH d’Elbeuf), Ghania Belkacem Belkadi (CH Tenon), Gilbert Lorre (CHD La Roche-sur-Yon), Gilles Gargala (CHU Rouen), Gilles Nevez (CHRU Morvan, Brest), Gisele Dewulf (CH de Valenciennes), Guillaume Désoubeaux (CHRU Bretonneau, Tours), Guillaume Escriou (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Guillaume Le Loup (CH Tenon, Paris), Guillaume Menard (HIA Saint-Anne, Toulon), Guy Carroger (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Guy Galeazzi (CH Louis Mourier), Gwénaël le Moal (CH Poitiers), Hana Talabani (CHU Cochin, Paris), Hanene Abid (CHU Necker, Paris), Helene Broutier (CHI Robert Ballanger, Aulnay-sous-Bois), Herve Pelloux (CHU de Grenoble), Houria Ichou (CH Louis Mourier), Hugo Laurent (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Hélène Broutier (CH Meaux), Hélène Lapillonne (CH Trousseau, Paris), Hélène Yera (CHU Cochin, Paris), Hélène savini (HIA Laveran), I. Hermes (CH Saint-Malo), Ilhame Tantaoui (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Isabelle Poilane (CH Bondy-Jean Verdier), Isabelle Amouroux (Hôpital Antoine-Béclère), Isabelle Mazurier (Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar), Isabelle Salimbeni (CH de Cannes), Isabelle Tawa (Centre Médical CMETE, Paris), J Cuziat (CH Saint-Nazaire), J. Bernard Poux (CH de Val d'Ariège - Foix), J. Heurtet (CH Beauvais), J. Rome (CH de Fougères), J. Truchot (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), J.M. Segalin (CHR Orleans), Jacques Gaillat (CH Annecy Genevois), Jacques Le bras (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Jacques Thevenot (Centre Médical CMETE, Paris), Jacques Vaucel (CH Saint-Brieuc), Jean Dunand (Hôpital Ambroise Paré), Jean Benjamin Murat (CH de Roanne), Jean Marie Trapateau (CH Angoulême), Jean Yves Peltier (CHI Poissy-st-germain), Jean-Etienne Pilo (HIA Begin), Jean-Francois Magnaval (CHU Toulouse), Jean-François Faucher (CHU Jean Minjoz, Limoge), Jean-Paul Boutin (DESP Sud), Jean-Paul Couaillac (CH de Cahors), Jean-Philippe Breux (CH Cholet), Jean-Pierre Hurst (CH Jacques Monod, Le Havre), Jean-Yves Siriez (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), Jean-philippe Bouchara (CHU Angers), Jerome Clain (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Jerome Naudin (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), Jordan Leroy (CH Lille), Josette Jehan (CH du Cotentin), Joudia Najid (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Judith Gorlicki (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Julie Bonhomme (CHU Côte de Nacre), Julie Brunet (CHU de Strasbourg), Jérome Guinard (CHR Orleans), Karima Cheikh (CHU Henri Mondor), L. Pougnet (HIA Clermont Tonnerre, Brest), Lauren Pull (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), Laurence Millon (CHU Jean Minjoz, Besançon), Laurence Campergue-Mayer (CH Avignon), Laurence Estepa (CH Blois), Laurence Lachaud (CHU Nîmes), Laurent Aaron (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Laurent Bret (CHR Orléans), Laurent Guillaume (CH Blois), Liliane Ciceron (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Lionnel Bertaux (CNR du paludisme), Lise Musset (Institut Pasteur, Guyane), Louise Basmacyan (CHU Dijon), Loïc Favennec (CHU Rouen), Luce Landraud (CH Louis Mourier), Lucile Cadot (CH Alès - Cévennes), Ludovic de Gentile (CHU Angers), Luis Macias (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Luu-ly Pham (CHU Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris), M. Cambon (CHRU Clermont-Ferrand), M.F. Biava (CHU de Nancy), M.H. Kiefer (CH du Moenchsberg), M.P. Carlotti (CNR du paludisme), Madeleine Fontrouge (CH de Gonesse), Marc Pihet (CHU Angers), Marc Thellier (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Marie-Catherine Receveur (CHU de Bordeaux), Marie-Claire Machouart (CHU de Nancy), Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux (CHU Necker, Paris), Marie-Laure Bigel (CH François-Quesnay, Mantes-la-Jolie), Marie-Laure Darde (CHU Dupuyrien, Limoges), Marie-Nadège Bachelier (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Marion Almeras (CH Béziers), Marion Leterrier (CHU Nantes), Marion Leterrier (CHD La Roche-sur-Yon), Martin Danis (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Martin G (CH du Cotentin), Martine Bloch (CH Louis Mourier), Martine Liance (CHU Henri Mondor, Paris), Marylin Madamet (IMTSSA, Marseille), Matthieu Revest (CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes),Matthieu Mechain (CHU de Bordeaux), Maxime Thouvenin (CH Troyes), Mermond Sylvain (Institut Pasteur, Nouméa), Michel Develoux (CH Tenon, Paris), Michel Miegeville (CHU Nantes), Milène Sasso (CHU Nîmes), Mohamed Diaby (CH Vernon), Monique Marty (CH La Rochelle), Monique Greze (CH Albi), Monique Lemoine (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Mouri Oussama (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Muriel Cornet (Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris), Muriel Mimoun Ayache (CH Trousseau), Muriel Nicolas (CHU Pointe-à-Pitre / Abymes), Muriel Roumier (CH Arles), Muriel Silva (CH Jacques Monod), Mylène Penot (CERBA), Myriam Gharbi (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Nadia Guennouni (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Nadine Godineau (Hôpital Delafontaine, Saint-Denis), Naima Dahane (CHU Cochin, Paris), Nathalie Bourgeois (CHU Montpellier), Nathalie Desuremain (CH Trousseau, Paris), Nathalie Fauchet (CHI de Créteil), Nathalie Parez (CH Louis Mourier), Nathalie Wilhelm (CH de Cahors), Nawel Ait-Ammar (Hôpital Ambroise Paré), Nayla Nassar (CH Auxerre), Nicolas Argy (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Nicolas Blondiaux (CH Tourcoing), Nicolas Taudon (CERBA), Nicole Desbois-Nogard (CHU de la Martinique), Noura Hassouni (CHU Necker), Odile Bouret-Dubouis (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Odile Eloy (CH de Versailles, André Mignot), Odile Falguiere (CH Béziers), Odile Fenneteau (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), Olivia Bandin (Hôpital Saint-Camille/Bry-sur-Marne), Olivier Albert (CHU de Bordeaux), Olivier Bouchaud (CH Bobigny-Avicenne), Olivier Patey (CHI Villeneuve St. Georges), Olivier Rogeaux (CH Chambéry), P. Clergeau (CH Sallanches), P. Daumain (CH de Dourdan), P.H. Consigny (Institut Pasteur, Paris), Paméla Chauvin (CHU Toulouse), Pascal Delaunay (CH Universitaire de Nice), Pascal Hazera (CH Saint-Lo), Pascal Houze (Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris), Pascal Millet (CHU de Bordeaux), Pascal Pouedras (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Pascale Penn (CH Le Mans), Patrice Agnamey (CHU Amiens), Patrice Bourrée (CHU Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris), Patricia Barbut (CH Longjumeau), Patricia Brugel (CH Antibes Juan-Les-Pins), Patricia Roux (CH Saint-Antoine, Paris), Patrick Leguen (HIA Clermont Tonnerre, Brest), Patrick Valayer (CH Notre-Dame de la Miséricorde), Pauline Caraux-Paz (CHI Villeneuve St Georges), Pauline Touroultjupin (CH Cholet), Philippe Abboud (CHU Rouen), Philippe Cormier (CH d’Evry), Philippe Minodier (CH Marseille Nord), Philippe Moskovtchenko (Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar), Philippe Parola (CH Marseille Nord), Philippe Poirier (CHRU Clermont-Ferrand), Philippe Stolidi (CH Aubagne), Pierre Patoz (CH Tourcoing), Pierre Buffet (INTS, Paris), Pierre Buffet (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Pierre Flori (CH Saint-Etienne), Pierre Marty (CH Universitaire de Nice), Pierre Mornand (CH Trousseau, Paris), Pinel Claudine (CHU de Grenoble), R. Dahan (CHU de Strasbourg), R. Devallière (CH Saint-Nazaire), R. Mazataud (CH Vitry le François), Rahaf Haj Hamid (CH Louis Mourier), Regis Courtin (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Renaud Blonde (CHU Robert Debré, Paris), René Nabias (CHI Poissy-st-germain), Roland Fabre (HIA Begin), Rose-Anne Lavergne (CHU Nantes), Roxane Courtois (CH Cholet), Rym Chouk Turki (CHU Henri Mondor), Rémy Durand (CH Bobigny-Avicenne), Réné Nabias (CHU Necker, Paris), Sabah Kubab (CH Corbeil Essonne), Sabine Lasserre (CH Trousseau, Paris), Samia Hamane (Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris), Sandrine Cojean (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Sandrine Houze (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Sophie Matheron (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Sorya Belaz (CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes), Stephane Jaureguiberry (CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris), Stephane Ranque (CH de la Timone, Marseille), Stephanie Dulucq (CHU de Bordeaux), Stéphane Bretagne (Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris), Stéphane Pelleau (Institut Pasteur, Guyane), Stéphane Picot (Hospices Civils de Lyon), Sylvain Clauser (Hôpital Ambroise Paré), Sylviane Chevrier (CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes), Sylviane Dydymski (CHRU Clermont-Ferrand), Sylvie Lariven (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Sylvie Lhopital (CH Vernon), Sylvie Maurellet Evrard (CHI Villeneuve St Georges), Sylvie Roulaud (CH Angouleme), Sébastien Larréché (HIA Begin), Thi-Hai-Chau Trinh (CHR Orléans), Thierry Ancelle (CHU Cochin, Paris), Thierry Pistone (CHU de Bordeaux), Thomas Hanslik (Hôpital Ambroise Paré), Thomas Guimard (CHD La Roche-sur-Yon), Timothée Klopfenstein (CHU Besançon, Jean Minjoz), Valerie Fuster-Dumas (CHU de Bordeaux), Veronique Blanc-Amrane (CH Antibes Juan-Les-Pins), Veronique Delcey (CHU Lariboisière, Paris), Veronique Sarrasin-Hubert (CHU Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris), Vincent Foissaud (HIA Percy, Clamart), Virginie Mouton-Rioux (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Virginie Vitrat (CH Annecy Genevois), Véronique Jan-Lasserre (CH Lagny-sur-Marne), Xavier Nicolas (HIA Clermont Tonnerre, Brest), Y. Costa (CH Lagny-sur-Marne), Yassamine Lazrek (Institut Pasteur, Guyane), Yaye Senghor (Hôpital Saint Joseph, Paris), Yohann Le Govic (CHU Angers), Yves Guimard (CH Jacques Cœur, Bourges), Yves Poinsignon (CH Bretagne Atlantique), Claude flamand (Institut Pasteur, Guyane), C.N. guyen (CH Trousseau, Paris), G. Noël (CH Marseille Nord), G. Soula (CH Marseille Nord), J.M.Didier (CH Vesoul), M.F. Raynaud (CH Antibes Juan-Les-Pins), M. Julien (CH Béziers), M. Morillon (HIA Laveran), M.P. Carlotti (IMTSSA), P. Chantelat (CH Vesoul), P. Dussert (CH Belfort), P. Ralaimazava (CH Bobigny-Avicenne), S. Zaouche (CHU Necker, Paris), Élodie Lesteven (CHU Lariboisière, Paris)., Musset, Lise, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière] (CNRpalu), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
Plasmodium, Epidemiology, FNRCm, MESH: Hospitalization, Mark and recapture, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Child, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Incidence, MESH: Travel, Imported malaria, media_common, MESH: Aged, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Young Adult, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, surveillance, France, Sex ratio, MESH: Medical Record Linkage, MESH: Disease Notification, 030231 tropical medicine, Notifiable disease, MESH: Malaria, capture-recapture, malaria, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Virology, parasitic diseases, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, MESH: Communicable Diseases, Imported, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Hospitals, University, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, MESH: Male, Metropolitan France, MESH: France, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, travellers, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, Malaria, Demography
Abstract

Introduction Malaria is a notifiable disease in all European Union and European Economic Area countries except Belgium and France, where only autochthonous malaria is notifiable. Although morbidity caused by malaria has been assessed, little is known about mortality incidence. Objective Our aim was to estimate the number of imported malaria-related deaths in hospital in metropolitan France. Methods We matched individual deaths reported between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2014 to the French National Reference Centre for malaria (FNRCm) with malaria-related deaths from two other sources: the French National Registry on medical causes of death and the French national hospital discharge database. A capture–recapture method with log-linear modelling was used. Age, sex and place of death stratification were applied to remove heterogeneity. Results The estimated malaria-related deaths in metropolitan France during the study period were 205 (95% confidence interval (CI): 191–219). The annual mean number of malaria-related deaths was estimated at 21 (95% CI: 19–22). The FNRCm malaria-related deaths surveillance had a 38% sensitivity (95% CI: 32–44). Among 161 in-hospital individual malaria-related deaths reported from three data sources, the sex ratio (male to female) was 2.6. Median age of the patients was 57 years, ranging from 1 to 89 years. Conclusion The pertinent finding of this report is that malaria-related death records were significantly less* complete than case records. Therefore, data comparison of imported malaria morbidity and mortality between countries should imperatively be assessed using standard indicators weighted according to the completeness of health surveillance systems.

Published
2020
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31. From intestine to beyond: Salmonella entry factors display distinct transcription pattern upon infection in murine models.

Author

Koczerka M, Lantier I, Morillon M, Deperne J, Clamagirand CD, Virlogeux-Payant I, and Grépinet O

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Disease Models, Animal, Salmonella typhimurium genetics, Intestines, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Typhoid Fever
Abstract

The infectious process of bacteria of the genus Salmonella requires the finely regulated use of various virulence factors. Among them, the type 3 secretion system-1 (T3SS-1) and the Rck and PagN invasins are involved in the internalization of the pathogen within eukaryotic cells, but their precise role in the host and in the pathogenic process is still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the kinetics of expression of these entry factors in a typhoid fever-like and a gastroenteritis model in mice by in vivo imaging using bioluminescent Salmonella Typhimurium reporter strains carrying chromosomal transcriptional fusions. Only pagN and T3SS-1 transcription has been clearly identified. Independently of the pathological model, the caecum was identified as the main transcription site of both pagN and the T3SS-1-encoding gene both at early and late stages of the infection. An intense transcription of pagN was also observed in deep organs in the typhoid fever-like model, while that of T3SS-1 remained quite sporadic in these organs, and mainly focused on the intestine all along the infection. This work will help to understand the respective role of these entry factors at the cellular level in the pathogenesis of Salmonella in vivo .

Published
2024
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32. The VATO project: Development and validation of a dynamic transfer model of tritium in grassland ecosystem.

Author

Le Dizès S, Aulagnier C, Maro D, Rozet M, Vermorel F, Hébert D, Voiseux C, Solier L, Godinot C, Fievet B, Laguionie P, Connan O, Cazimajou O, and Morillon M

Subjects
Atmosphere, Plants, Soil, Air Pollutants, Radioactive analysis, Grassland, Models, Chemical, Radiation Monitoring methods, Tritium analysis
Abstract

In this paper, a dynamic compartment model with a high temporal resolution has been investigated to describe tritium transfer in grassland ecosystems exposed to atmospheric 3 H releases from nuclear facilities under normal operating or accidental conditions. TOCATTA-χ model belongs to the larger framework of the SYMBIOSE modelling and simulation platform that aims to assess the fate and transport of a wide range of radionuclides in various environmental systems. In this context, the conceptual and mathematical models of TOCATTA-χ have been designed to be relatively simple, minimizing the number of compartments and input parameters required. In the same time, the model achieves a good compromise between easy-to-use (as it is to be used in an operational mode), explicative power and predictive accuracy in various experimental conditions. In the framework of the VATO project, the model has been tested against two-year-long in situ measurements of 3 H activity concentration monitored by IRSN in air, groundwater and grass, together with meteorological parameters, on a grass field plot located 2 km downwind of the AREVA NC La Hague nuclear reprocessing plant, as was done in the past for the evaluation of transfer of 14 C in grass. By considering fast exchanges at the vegetation-air canopy interface, the model correctly reproduces the observed variability in TFWT activity concentration in grass, which evolves in accordance with spikes in atmospheric HTO activity concentration over the previous 24 h. The average OBT activity concentration in grass is also correctly reproduced. However, the model has to be improved in order to reproduce punctual high concentration of OBT activity, as observed in December 2013. The introduction of another compartment with a fast kinetic (like TFWT) - although outside the model scope - improves the predictions by increasing the correlation coefficient from 0.29 up to 0.56 when it includes this particular point. Further experimental investigation will be undertaken by IRSN and EDF next year to better evaluate (and properly model) other aspects of tritium transfer where knowledge gaps have been identified in both experimental and modelling areas., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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34. A dual pathways transfer model to account for changes in the radioactive caesium level in demersal and pelagic fish after the Fukushima Daï-ichi nuclear power plant accident.

Author

Fiévet B, Bailly-du-Bois P, Laguionie P, Morillon M, Arnaud M, and Cunin P

Subjects
Animals, Cesium Radioisotopes metabolism, Fishes metabolism, Fukushima Nuclear Accident, Models, Biological
Abstract

The Fukushima Daï-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident resulted in radioactive Cs being discharged into the local marine environment. While Cs bioaccumulates in biota and slowly depurates, the Cs concentrated in biota constitutes a source of Cs for animals feeding on each other. The marine biota therefore serves as a pool that recycles Cs, and this recycling process delays depuration in the fish feeding on this biota pool. Because the continental shelf is squeezed between the coast and very deep sea, the demersal marine species are confined to a narrow strip along the coast, close to the source of the radioactive input. Unlike demersal species, however, pelagic species are not restricted to the most contaminated area but instead spend some, if not most, of their time and feeding off-shore, far from the input source. We suggest that the feeding pathway for fish is a box whose size depends on their mobility, and that this feeding box is much larger and less contaminated (because of dilution through distance) for pelagic fish than for demersal fish. The aim of this paper is to test this hypothesis and to propose a simple operational model implementing two transfer routes: from seawater and from feeding. The model is then used to match the observational data in the aftermath of the FDNPP accident.

Published
2017
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35. The VATO project: An original methodology to study the transfer of tritium as HT and HTO in grassland ecosystem.

Author

Maro D, Vermorel F, Rozet M, Aulagnier C, Hébert D, Le Dizès S, Voiseux C, Solier L, Cossonnet C, Godinot C, Fiévet B, Laguionie P, Connan O, Cazimajou O, Morillon M, and Lamotte M

Subjects
Models, Chemical, Air Pollutants, Radioactive analysis, Grassland, Radiation Monitoring, Tritium analysis
Abstract

Tritium ( 3 H) is mainly released into the environment by nuclear power plants, military nuclear facilities and nuclear reprocessing plants. The construction of new nuclear facilities in the world as well as the evolution of nuclear fuel management might lead to an increase of 3 H discharges from the nuclear industry. The VATO project was set up by IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire) and EDF (Electricité de France) to reduce the uncertainties in the knowledge about transfers of 3 H from an atmospheric source (currently releasing HT and HTO) to a grassland ecosystem. A fully instrumented technical platform with specifically designed materials was set up downwind of the AREVA NC La Hague reprocessing plant (Northwest of the France). This study, started in 2013, was conducted in four main steps to provide an hourly data set of 3 H concentrations in the environment, adequate to develop and/or validate transfer models. It consisted first in characterizing the physico-chemical forms of 3 H present in the air around the plant. Then, 3 H transfer kinetics to grass were quantified regarding contributions from various compartments of the environment. For this purpose, an original experimental procedure was provided to take account for biases due to rehydration of freeze-dried samples for the determination of OBT activity concentrations in biological samples. In a third step, the 3 H concentrations measured in the air and in rainwater were reconstructed at hourly intervals. Finally, a data processing technique was used to determine the biological half-lives of OBT in grass., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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36. Development of emergency response tools for accidental radiological contamination of French coastal areas.

Author

Duffa C, Bailly du Bois P, Caillaud M, Charmasson S, Couvez C, Didier D, Dumas F, Fievet B, Morillon M, Renaud P, and Thébault H

Subjects
Aquatic Organisms metabolism, France, Models, Theoretical, Radiation Monitoring instrumentation, Radioisotopes metabolism, Water Pollutants, Radioactive metabolism, Disasters, Radiation Monitoring methods, Radioactive Hazard Release, Radioisotopes analysis, Seawater analysis, Water Pollutants, Radioactive analysis
Abstract

The Fukushima nuclear accident resulted in the largest ever accidental release of artificial radionuclides in coastal waters. This accident has shown the importance of marine assessment capabilities for emergency response and the need to develop tools for adequately predicting the evolution and potential impact of radioactive releases to the marine environment. The French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) equips its emergency response centre with operational tools to assist experts and decision makers in the event of accidental atmospheric releases and contamination of the terrestrial environment. The on-going project aims to develop tools for the management of marine contamination events in French coastal areas. This should allow us to evaluate and anticipate post-accident conditions, including potential contamination sites, contamination levels and potential consequences. In order to achieve this goal, two complementary tools are developed: site-specific marine data sheets and a dedicated simulation tool (STERNE, Simulation du Transport et du transfert d'Eléments Radioactifs dans l'environNEment marin). Marine data sheets are used to summarize the marine environment characteristics of the various sites considered, and to identify vulnerable areas requiring implementation of population protection measures, such as aquaculture areas, beaches or industrial water intakes, as well as areas of major ecological interest. Local climatological data (dominant sea currents as a function of meteorological or tidal conditions) serving as the basis for an initial environmental sampling strategy is provided whenever possible, along with a list of possible local contacts for operational management purposes. The STERNE simulation tool is designed to predict radionuclide dispersion and contamination in seawater and marine species by incorporating spatio-temporal data. 3D hydrodynamic forecasts are used as input data. Direct discharge points or atmospheric deposition source terms can be taken into account. STERNE calculates Eulerian radionuclide dispersion using advection and diffusion equations established offline from hydrodynamic calculations. A radioecological model based on dynamic transfer equations is implemented to evaluate activity concentrations in aquatic organisms. Essential radioecological parameters (concentration factors and single or multicomponent biological half-lives) have been compiled for main radionuclides and generic marine species (fish, molluscs, crustaceans and algae). Dispersion and transfer calculations are performed simultaneously on a 3D grid. Results can be plotted on maps, with possible tracking of spatio-temporal evolution. Post-processing and visualization can then be performed., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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37. Near-field krypton-85 measurements in stable meteorological conditions around the AREVA NC La Hague reprocessing plant: estimation of atmospheric transfer coefficients.

Author

Connan O, Solier L, Hébert D, Maro D, Lamotte M, Voiseux C, Laguionie P, Cazimajou O, Le Cavelier S, Godinot C, Morillon M, Thomas L, and Percot S

Subjects
France, Models, Theoretical, Radiometry, Weather, Air Pollutants, Radioactive analysis, Krypton Radioisotopes analysis, Radiation Monitoring
Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the near-field dispersion of (85)Kr around the nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at La Hague (AREVA NC La Hague - France) under stable meteorological conditions. Twenty-two (85)Kr night-time experimental campaigns were carried out at distances of up to 4 km from the release source. Although the operational Gaussian models predict for these meteorological conditions a distance to plume touchdown of several kilometers, we almost systematically observed a marked ground signal at distances of 0.5-4 km. The calculated atmospheric transfer coefficients (ATC) show values (1) higher than those observed under neutral conditions, (2) much higher than those proposed by the operational models, and (3) higher than those used in the impact assessments., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2014
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38. Persisting mixed cryoglobulinemia in Chikungunya infection.

Author

Oliver M, Grandadam M, Marimoutou C, Rogier C, Botelho-Nevers E, Tolou H, Moalic JL, Kraemer P, Morillon M, Morand JJ, Jeandel P, Parola P, and Simon F

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Alphavirus Infections metabolism, Alphavirus Infections physiopathology, Alphavirus Infections virology, Cryoglobulinemia virology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Alphavirus Infections complications, Chikungunya virus physiology, Cryoglobulinemia diagnosis, Cryoglobulinemia etiology
Abstract

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus, is responsible for a two-stage disabling disease, consisting of an acute febrile polyarthritis for the first 10 days, frequently followed by chronic rheumatisms, sometimes lasting for years. Up to now, the pathophysiology of the chronic stage has been elusive. Considering the existence of occasional peripheral vascular disorders and some unexpected seronegativity during the chronic stage of the disease, we hypothesized the role of cryoglobulins., Methods: From April 2005 to May 2007, all travelers with suspected CHIKV infection were prospectively recorded in our hospital department. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings (anti-CHIKV IgM and IgG, cryoglobulin) were registered at the first consultation or hospitalization and during follow-up., Results: Among the 66 travelers with clinical suspicion of CHIKV infection, 51 presented anti-CHIKV IgM. There were 45 positive with the serological assay tested at room temperature, and six more, which first tested negative when sera were kept at 4 degrees C until analysis, became positive after a 2-hour incubation of the sera at 37 degrees C. Forty-eight of the 51 CHIKV-seropositive patients were screened for cryoglobulinemia; 94% were positive at least once during their follow-up. Over 90% of the CHIKV-infected patients had concomitant arthralgias and cryoglobulinemia. Cryoglobulin prevalence and level drop with time as patients recover, spontaneously or after short-term corticotherapy. In some patients cryoglobulins remained positive after 1 year., Conclusion: Prevalence of mixed cryoglobulinemia was high in CHIKV-infected travelers with long-lasting symptoms. No significant association between cryoglobulinemia and clinical manifestations could be evidenced. The exact prognostic value of cryoglobulin levels has yet to be determined. Responsibility of cryoglobulinemia was suspected in unexpected false negativity of serological assays at room temperature, leading us to recommend performing serology on pre-warmed sera.

Published
2009
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39. Antimalarial drug susceptibility and point mutations associated with drug resistance in 248 Plasmodium falciparum isolates imported from Comoros to Marseille, France in 2004 2006.

Author

Parola P, Pradines B, Simon F, Carlotti MP, Minodier P, Ranjeva MP, Badiaga S, Bertaux L, Delmont J, Morillon M, Silai R, Brouqui P, and Parzy D

Subjects
Animals, Comoros epidemiology, France epidemiology, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum epidemiology, Point Mutation, Travel, Antimalarials pharmacology, Drug Resistance genetics, Malaria, Falciparum parasitology, Plasmodium falciparum drug effects, Plasmodium falciparum genetics
Abstract

A total of 248 Plasmodium falciparum isolates were sampled in travelers with malaria who came to Marseille, France from Comoros to investigate in vitro activities of antimalarial drugs and molecular markers of drug resistance. Of the 248 isolates, 126 were maintained in culture. Of these, 53% were resistant to chloroquine, and 3% had reduced susceptibility to quinine, mefloquine, and atovaquone; 1% had reduced susceptibility to halofantrine and dihydroartemisinin; 7% had reduced susceptibility to monodesethylamodiaquine; 37% had reduced susceptibility to cycloguanil; and none had reduced susceptibility to lumefantrine. Resistance-associated point mutations were screened in 207 isolates. No mutations in the cytochrome b gene were found. Of the 207 isolates, 119 (58%) had a mutation in the P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr) gene at codon 108, 6 (5%) had mutations in both Pfdhfr codon 108 and the P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase codon 437, and 115 (56%) had the chloroquine resistance-associated K76T mutation in the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene. This study represents a unique opportunity to improve surveillance of P. falciparum drug resistance in Comoros with consequences for treatment and chemoprophylaxis guidelines.

Published
2007

40. Outbreak of typhoid fever in vaccinated members of the French Armed Forces in the Ivory Coast.

Author

Michel R, Garnotel E, Spiegel A, Morillon M, Saliou P, and Boutin JP

Subjects
Adult, Cohort Studies, Cote d'Ivoire epidemiology, Cucumis sativus microbiology, Feces microbiology, Food Contamination analysis, Food Microbiology, France ethnology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Salmonella Food Poisoning microbiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Typhoid Fever immunology, Typhoid Fever prevention & control, Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines administration & dosage, Disease Outbreaks, Military Personnel statistics & numerical data, Salmonella typhi isolation & purification, Typhoid Fever epidemiology, Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines immunology
Abstract

In 2001, an outbreak of typhoid fever occurred among the members of the French Armed Forces. All had received a typhoid vaccination as per the immunization schedule practiced in the Armed Forces (every 5 years). A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 94 personnel. The objectives were to confirm the diagnosis, determine the source of contamination and identify the factors associated with defective vaccinal efficacy. Twenty-four cases were clinically identified. A cucumber salad was identified as the contaminating dish (Risk Ratio = 3.6; 95%CI 1.5-8.9). Only one factor was related to defective vaccinal efficacy; the risk of typhoid fever was two-fold higher in people vaccinated more than 3 years previously (Risk Ratio = 2.2; 95%CI, 1.1-4.2). Compliance with food hygiene rules could have prevented 24 cases of typhoid fever. Nevertheless, repeat vaccination against typhoid fever is now conducted every 3 years in the French Forces, in compliance with the manufacturers' recommendations.

Published
2005
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41. Two cases of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp canetti.

Author

Miltgen J, Morillon M, Koeck JL, Varnerot A, Briant JF, Nguyen G, Verrot D, Bonnet D, and Vincent V

Subjects
Adult, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Bacterial Typing Techniques, DNA Fingerprinting, Humans, Isoniazid therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetics, Rifampin therapeutic use, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary drug therapy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis classification, Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolation & purification, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary microbiology
Abstract

We identified an unusual strain of mycobacteria from two patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by its smooth, glossy morphotype and, primarily, its genotypic characteristics. Spoligotyping and restriction fragment length polymorphism typing were carried out with the insertion sequence IS6110 patterns. All known cases of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium canetti have been contracted in the Horn of Africa.

Published
2002
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42. The Far-Infrared Spectrum of ClNO2 Studied by High-Resolution Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy.

Author

Orphal J, Morillon-Chapey M, Klee S, Mellau GC, and Winnewisser M

Abstract

The far-infrared spectrum of nitryl chloride was studied using high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy in the 300-525 cm-1 region. Vibrational band centers of fundamental, hot, and difference bands were determined. Furthermore, rotational and centrifugal distortion constants up to fourth order for the nu3 bands of 35ClNO2 and 37ClNO2 (centered at 370 and 364 cm-1, respectively) were obtained. The nu5 fundamental of ClNO2 (predicted around 410 cm-1) is very weak and overlapped by difference bands. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Published
1998
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43. Two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in New Caledonia.

Author

Germani Y, Morillon M, Begaud E, Dubourdieu H, Costa R, and Thevenon J

Subjects
Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea microbiology, Diarrhea parasitology, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic parasitology, Male, Middle Aged, New Caledonia epidemiology, Seasons, Water Microbiology, Bacteria isolation & purification, Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Diarrhea epidemiology, Eukaryota isolation & purification, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic epidemiology, Protozoan Infections epidemiology, Rotavirus isolation & purification, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology
Abstract

A longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in New Caledonia from January 1990 to December 1991. Stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. Potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. One or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectively. Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., HEp-2 cell adherent Escherichia coli (diffuse adherent and enteroaggregative), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (EPEC adherence factor-positive strains belonging to classical serotypes), localized adherent E. coli (non-EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli were the frequently identified enteropathogenic bacteria. Other major enteropathogens were Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, and rotavirus were isolated from only a few patients. No Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Shiga-like-toxin-producing E. coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, or enteroinvasive E. coli were identified. Shiga-like toxin I-producing E. coli were present in adult bovines and calves, and heat-stable enterotoxin II-producing enterotoxigenic E. coli were found in pigs.

Published
1994
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