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6. Socio-motor relationships, perceived enjoyment and competence of young players during the game of tag

Author

Vélaz Lorente, Íñigo, Gonzalez Artetxe, Asier, Gaztelu Folla, Ioritz, and Los Arcos, Asier

Subjects
Motor game, Juego motor, Motor communication, Sport initiation, Pedagogical intervention, Comunicación motriz, Affectivity, Iniciación deportiva, Intervención pedagógica, Afectividad
Abstract

This study aimed to assess the socio-motor interactions and the perceived enjoyment and competence levels of young players during a game of tag. 21 players under 13s from two different teams of the same football club (subgroup-A and subgroup-B) played a new modified version of the game of tag for ten minutes. The motor relationships were analysed registering the number of counter-communications (i.e. catching attempts) and the players involved. The perceived enjoyment and competence levels were assessed using the BECS scale. The Chi-square test showed significant differences (p < .001; effect size [ES] = 0.65, moderate) in the counter-communications, according to the subgroup of the tagger and the runner: the 87% and the 68% of the total counter-communications involved only players of the same subgroup and only from subgroup-A, respectively. The mean enjoyment was significantly (p = .03) and substantially (ES = 0.98, large) higher for the subgroup-A players (4.0 ± 0.8; coefficient of variation [CV] = 20%) compared to subgroup-B players (3.8 ± 0.6; CV = 16%). Besides revealing the socio-motor interactions of the players, a game of tag could be an interesting alternative to experience the motor instability, identify the social relationships of a group and guarantee high enjoyment in young players. Los objetivos del estudio fueron el análisis de las relaciones sociomotrices y la valoración de los niveles de disfrute y de competencia percibida de jóvenes jugadores en el juego de pillar. 21 jugadores menores de 13 años pertenecientes a dos equipos de categoría alevín del mismo club de fútbol (subgrupo-A y subgrupo-B) jugaron a una variante desconocida del juego de pillar durante 10 minutos. Las relaciones motrices fueron analizadas mediante el registro de las contra-comunicaciones (i.e. intentos de atrape) y los jugadores implicados. Los niveles de disfrute y de competencia percibida fueron evaluados mediante la escala BECS. La prueba Chi-cuadrado mostró diferencias significativas (p < .001; tamaño del efecto [TE] = 0.65, moderado) en la frecuencia de contra-comunicaciones en función del subgrupo del pillador y del huidor: el 87% y el 68% del total de contra-comunicaciones involucró a jugadores del mismo subgrupo y solo del subgrupo-A, respectivamente. El nivel medio de disfrute fue significativamente (p = .03) y sustancialmente (tamaño del efecto [TE] = 0.98, alto) mayor para los jugadores del subgrupo-A (4.0 ± 0.8; coeficiente de variación [CV] = 20%) en comparación con los del subgrupo-B (3.8 ± 0.6; CV = 16%). Además de revelar las relaciones sociomotrices de los jugadores, el juego de pillar puede ser una interesante alternativa para que jóvenes jugadores vivencien la inestabilidad motriz y disfruten durante la práctica de juegos motores. Actividad Física y Deporte Educación

Published
2022

7. Evaluación de las dimensiones relacional, emocional y física de jóvenes jugadores durante el juego de pillar

Author

Gaztelu-Folla, Ioritz, González-Artetxe, Asier, Vélaz-Lorente, Íñigo, and Los Arcos, Asier

Subjects
Jogo, Communication, socioemotional role, Game, Juego, Comunicação, 0 - Generalidades.::00 - Ciencia y conocimiento. Investigación. Cultura. Humanidades.::007 - Acción y organización. Información. Teoría de la comunicación y del control en general (cibernética). 'Ingeniería humana' [CDU], Educação física, afetividade, Physical education, 1 - Filosofía y psicología::159.9 - Psicología [CDU], Rol socioemocional, Papel socioemocional, 7 Bellas artes::79 - Diversiones. Espectáculos. Cine. Teatro. Danza. Juegos.Deportes [CDU], Affectivity, Comunicación, Educación física, Afectividad
Abstract

Many tag games present unstable motor communications between players, that is, the motor communication varies during the play due to role-changing. A holistic point of view provides a more complete assessment of the experience of the players during the traditional tag games. Thus, the aims of the study were to propose and use a specific guide to assess the relational, emotional, and physical dimensions during a traditional motor game in young players. Twenty-two young players took part in the study. The participants played a modification of the classic itmotor game for ten minutes. The relational dimension was assessed by observational methodology analysing counter-communications between the tagger and the runner who experienced the counter-communication. The emotional dimension was assessed by the BECS scale of perceived enjoyment and competence. Physical dimension was assessed by differentiating the tagger, the runner, and the target-player measuring the Total Distance covered per second. The relational analysis provided clues about the social relationship of the group. The high values of enjoyment (4.4 ± 0.6) and perceived competence (4.0 ± 0.6) declared by players (suggested the use of the traditional tag game during physical educationlessons and sport training. The tagger performed significantly greater total distance than the rest of the players (p< .001; Effect Size = 1.53 –2.76), suggesting that the assessment of the physical dimension during motor games should be carried out differentiating the motor roles. The assessment of the experience of the players during the motor games differentiating by roles and from a holistic point of view could help to optimise the pedagogical plan. Gran parte de los juegos de pillar presentan comunicaciones motrices inestables entre los jugadores, es decir, la comunicación motriz (i.e. interacciones de cooperación, oposición o neutras) varía durante el juego debido al cambio de rol. El punto de vista holístico posibilita una valoración más completa de la experiencia de los jugadores durante el juego tradicional de pillar. Por lo tanto, los objetivos del estudio fueron presentar y emplear una propuesta para valorar las dimensiones relacional, emocional y física de jóvenes jugadores durante un juego motor. Veintidós jóvenes jugadores participaron en el estudio. Los jugadores jugaron a una modificación del juego de pillar durante diez minutos. La dimensión relacional fue evaluada mediante la metodología observacional, analizando las contra-comunicaciones entre el pillador y el jugador contra-comunicado, la dimensión emocional mediante la escala BECS de disfrute y competencia percibida, y el análisis de la dimensión física(i.e. Distancia Total recorrida por segundo) diferenciando los roles motrices durante el juego. El análisis relacional aportó pistas sobre las relaciones sociales del conjunto de participantes. Los altos niveles de disfrute (4.4 ± 0.6) y competencia percibida (4.0 ± 0.6) declarados por los jugadores sugieren el uso del juego tradicional de pillar durante las sesiones de educación física y de entrenamiento deportivo. El pillador recorrió una distancia significativamente mayor que el resto de los jugadores (p< .001; Tamaño del Efecto = 1.53 –2.76), sugiriendo que la valoración de la dimensión física debería ser llevada a cabo diferenciando los roles motrices. La evaluación de la experiencia de los jóvenes jugadores durante los juegos motores desde un punto de vista holístico y diferenciando por roles podría ayudara optimizar la intervención pedagógica Grande parte dos jogos de pega-pega apresenta comunicações motoras instáveis entre os jogadores, ou seja, a comunicação motora (i.e. interações cooperativas, opostas ou neutras) varia durante o jogo devido à câmbio de papel. O ponto de vista holístico permite uma avaliação mais completa da experiência dos jogadores durante o jogo tradicional de pega-pega. Portanto, os objetivos do estudo foram apresentar e utilizar uma proposta para avaliar as dimensões relacional, emocional e física de jovens jogadores durante um jogo motriz. Vinte e dois jovens jogadores participaram do estudo. Os jogadores jogaram um jogo de pega-pega modificado por 10 minutos. A dimensão relacional foi avaliada por meio da metodologia observacional, analisando as contracomunicações entre o apanhador e o jogador contracomunicado. A dimensão emocional foi avaliada por meio da escala BECS de prazer e competência percebida. A avaliação da dimensão física foi realizada diferenciando os papéis motrices através da medição da Distância Total percorrida por segundo. A análise relacional forneceu pistas sobre as relações sociais do grupo de participantes. Os altos níveis de prazer (4.4 ± 0.6)e competência percebida (4.0 ± 0.6)declarados pelos jogadores sugerem a utilização do tradicional jogo de pega-pega durante as sessões de educação física e treinamento esportivo. Aquele que o apanha percorreu uma distância significativamente maior (p < .001; Tamanho do Efeito = 1.53 –2.76) do que o restante dos jogadores, sugerindo que a avaliação da dimensão física deve ser realizada diferenciando os papéis motrices. A avaliação da experiênciade jovens jogadores durante os jogos motrices de um ponto de vista holístico e diferenciado por papéis pode ajudar a otimizar a intervenção pedagógica

Published
2022

11. Socio-motor relationships, perceived enjoyment and competence of young players during the game of tag.

Author

Vélaz-Lorente, Íñigo, Gonzalez-Artetxe, Asier, Gaztelu-Folla, Ioritz, and Los Arcos, Asier

Subjects
CHI-squared test, FOOTBALL teams, GAMES, RUNNERS (Sports), COMMUNICATION, SPORTS, PHYSICAL activity, PHYSICAL education
Abstract

Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2022
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26. INFLUENCIA DEL VOLUMEN DE ENTRENAMIENTO PLIOMÉTRICO EN LA CARGA PERCIBIDA DIFERENCIADA DE FUTBOLISTAS DE ALTO NIVEL

Author

Leceaga, Janire, Los Arcos, Asier, Castillo Alvira, Daniel, and Yanci, Javier

Subjects
potência, pliometría, força, carga de treinamento, plyometric, fuerza, pliometria, soccer, training volume, power, futebol, carga de entrenamiento, fútbol, potencia, strength
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe the differentiated perceived exertion load rate (dRPE) in a soccer team during six training weeks analyzing the differences in dRPE between groups having two-plyometric training with different volume and analyze the evolution in both groups. During six weeks, perceived load was registered by the subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE re) and muscular (RPE mu) in 14 soccer players from the 2° División B de la Liga de Fútbol Española [2° B Division of the Soccer Spanish League]. Participants were divided into two groups to work different strength training. The first group (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 years, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) practiced a plyometric training in horizontal axis and the second one (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 years, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) did the same training, but having double strength volume. Along the six weeks, the results did not show either significant differences between the groups in dRPE nor RPE es CE or RPE mus. Performing higher plyometric training does not mean that those who have practiced more volume would perceive higher RPE es or RPE mus.English translation by Jeannette Soto Segura Los objetivos del estudio fueron describir la carga percibida diferenciada (dRPE CE) en un equipo de fútbol durante seis semanas de entrenamiento, analizar si existen diferencias en la dRPE CE entre grupos que realizan dos entrenamientos de pliometría con distinto volumen y analizar la evolución a lo largo de las semanas de la dRPE en ambos grupos. Se registró la carga percibida mediante la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo respiratorio (RPEres) y muscular (RPEmus) de catorce jugadores de fútbol de un equipo de 2.ª División B de la Liga de Fútbol Española, durante seis semanas. Los jugadores fueron divididos en dos grupos, realizando diferentes volúmenes de entrenamiento de fuerza. El primer grupo (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 años, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) realizó un entrenamiento de pliometría en el eje horizontal, y el segundo grupo (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 años, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) realizó el mismo entrenamiento de fuerza pero con el doble de volumen. Los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en la dRPE CE en ninguna de las seis semanas registradas y tampoco se obtuvieron diferencias en ninguno de los dos grupos en dicho periodo, ni en el RPEres CE ni en el RPEmus CE. Realizar mayor volumen de entrenamiento de pliometría no implica que los jugadores que más volumen han realizado perciban un mayor RPEres CE ni RPEmus CE. Os objetivos do estudo foram descrever o esforço percebido diferenciado (dRPE CE) em uma equipe de futebol durante seis semanas de treinamento, analisar se existem diferenças na dRPE CE entre grupos que realizam dois treinamentos de pliometria com volume distinto e analisar a evolução ao longo das semanas da dRPE em ambos os grupos. Foram registrados o esforço percebido através da percepção subjetiva do esforço respiratório (RPEres) e muscular (RPEmus) de catorze jogadores de futebol de uma equipe de 2.ª Divisão B da Liga de Futebol Espanhola, durante seis semanas. Os jogadores foram divididos em dois grupos, realizando diferentes volumes de treinamento de força. O primeiro grupo (G1FX, 24,42 ± 4,35 anos, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 77,32 ± 6,40 kg, 23,81 ± 1,49 kg/m2) realizou um treinamento de pliometria no eixo horizontal, e o segundo grupo (G2FX2, 22,43 ± 2,82 anos, 1,82 ± 0,07 m, 76,65 ± 7,56 kg, 22,99 ± 1,13 kg/m2) realizou o mesmo treinamento de força, porém com o dobro do volume. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo não mostraram diferenças significativas entre ambos os grupos na dRPE CE em nenhuma das seis semanas registradas e também não foram obtidas diferenças em nenhum dos dois grupos no período indicado, nem no RPEres CE e nem no RPEmus CE. Aumentar o volume de treinamento de pliometria não significa que os jogadores que realizaram maior volume percebam consequentemente um maior RPEres CE ou RPEmus CE.

Published
2017

30. Effects of Different Agility Training Programs among First-Grade Elementary School Students

Author

Yanci, Javier, Los Arcos, Asier, Salinero Martín, Juan José, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Gil, Eneko, Santesteban, David, and Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio

Subjects
education, Ciencias Sociales, Deportes
Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine which agility training program (low, moderate or high contextual interference) was more effective in first-grade primary school students to provide reliable information to physical education teachers for designing more effective agility programs. A total of 57 first-grade elementary school students participated in the present study. They were randomized into three groups to compare the effects of three different agility training programs based on contextual interference: low contextual interference (n=19), moderate contextual interference (n=19), and high contextual interference (n=19). Contextual interference refers to the relative amount of interference created when integrating two or more tasks into a particular aspect of a training session. Significant improvements in agility were found in the low (P 0.05, ES=0.28) after the intervention program. Our results suggested that the low contextual interference program is still more effective than the moderate contextual interference program in primary school students.

Published
2015

31. Muscle strength and anaerobic performance in football players with cerebral palsy

Author

Yanci, Javier, Castagna, Carlo, Los Arcos, Asier, Santalla, Alfredo, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Figueroa, Joaquin, Cámara, Jesús, Yanci, Javier, Castagna, Carlo, Los Arcos, Asier, Santalla, Alfredo, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Figueroa, Joaquin, and Cámara, Jesús

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This is the first study that quantified the anaerobic performance in football players with cerebral palsy (CP). OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine anaerobic fitness in a population of football players with CP using vertical jumping (VJ) and Wingate tests. METHODS: Twelve players (age 26.8 ± 4.8 yr, body mass 66.2 ± 4.8 kg, height 173.7 ± 6.4 cm, body mass index 22.2 ± 1.9 kg m(-2)) from the Spanish National Football Team with CP which had 9.4 ± 3.7 years of playing experience performed the VJ and Wingate anaerobic tests. RESULTS: Vertical jump height was 20.0 ± 1.2 cm for squat jump (HSJ) and 23.9 ± 5.4 cm for countermovement jump (HCMJ). Wingate test peak power (PPOW) was 490.6 ± 125.8 W (7.35 ± 1.53 W kg(-1)). HCMJ was largely (r = -0.631, p = 0.028) and very-largely (r = -0.710, p = 0.01) associated with PPOW (W kg(-1)) and mean power output (MPOW) (W kg(-1)), respectively. Squat jump test peak power (W) showed a large association (r = -0.656, p = 0.021) with MPOW (W and W kg(-1)). The CMJ height resulted 19.5% higher than SJ. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed low VJ and anaerobic capacity of football players with CP compared to national players without CP and the general population. In football players with CP the difference (19.5%) between VJ with or without countermovement (CMJ-SJ) was higher than reported for national players without CP. Further studies examining the effect of football practice on neuromuscular performance in subjects with CP are warranted.

Published
2016

34. Factors of disagreement between coaches and players of a high-level basketball team when assessing individual session perceived exertions

Author

Martínez-Santos, Raúl, Los Arcos, Asier, Sautu, Luismari, Martínez-Santos, Raúl, Los Arcos, Asier, and Sautu, Luismari

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the concordance between the coaches and the players of a Spanish highlevel female basketball team when evaluating the hardness of practice sessions looking into the factors that could modulate the alleged biases of the coaches. The three staff members severely underestimated the players' session perceived exertion, which meant that, as a group, they were not capable of planning the desired intensity along the registered period. Furthermore, this study allowed us to detect what aspects of coaching knowledge should deserve more attention with each staff members if we desired less biased judgments about the players' perceptions, who were the most relevant and common source of bias., El principal objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la concordancia entre los entrenadores y los jugadores de un equipo femenino español al valorar la dureza de las sesiones de entrenamiento, prestando especial atención a los factores moduladores de los posibles sesgos en el cuerpo técnico. Los tres entrenadores infravaloraban notablemente los valores de fatiga declarados por los jugadores tras las sesiones, lo que implicaba que, en conjunto, no eran capaces de planificar correctamente la intensidad del ejercicio propuesto en cada periodo. En este sentido, esta investigación nos permitió detectar en qué aspectos del pensamiento de cada entrenador se debía incidir para reducir sus sesgos particulares y el más común entre los tres: los jugadores mismos.

Published
2015

39. Correlation between Agility and Sprinting According to Student Age

Author

Yanci, Javier, Los Arcos, Asier, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Gil, Eneko, Cámara, Jesús, Yanci, Javier, Los Arcos, Asier, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Gil, Eneko, and Cámara, Jesús

Abstract

The purposes of the study were to assess sprinting and agility performance characteristics and to determine the rela- tionship between these two motor skills in elementary education students. Sprinting and agility performance were as- sessed in 176 children (88 boys and 88 girls) divided into three groups: Group 1 (G1, N=98; 48 boys and 50 girls), from the first year of elementary education; Group 2 (G2, N=38; 15 boys and 23 girls), from the second year of elementary edu- cation; Group 3 (G3, N=40; 25 boys and 15 girls), from the third year of elementary education. Significant differences (p<0.001) were found in agility ability among the groups and between G1-G3 and G2-G3 in the 5 and 15 m sprint. Re- garding gender of the students of the same age, significant differences (p<0.001) between boys and girls in group G1 and G2 were obtained in the 5 and 15 m sprint. The correlation between agility and acceleration was significant but moderate (0.3

Published
2014

40. Nonuniform changes in MRI measurements of the thigh muscles after two hamstring strengthening exercises

Author

Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Garrues, Mirian, Cronin, John B, Contreras, Bret, Los Arcos, Asier, Malliaropoulos, Nikos, Maffulli, Nikola, Idoate, Fernando, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Garrues, Mirian, Cronin, John B, Contreras, Bret, Los Arcos, Asier, Malliaropoulos, Nikos, Maffulli, Nikola, and Idoate, Fernando

Abstract

Mendiguchia, J, Garrues, MA, Cronin, JB, Contreras, B, Los Arcos, A, Malliaropoulos, N, Maffulli, N, and Idoate, F. Nonuniform changes in MRI measurements of the thigh muscles after two hamstring strengthening exercises. J Strength Cond Res 27(3): 574-581, 2013. Although many different hamstring strengthening exercises exist, the effect on site specific activation of these exercises on different muscles of the leg is unclear. This study investigated the effects of the eccentric leg curl (LC) and lunge (L) exercises on the biceps femoris long head (BFl), biceps femoris short head (BFs), semitendinosus (ST), semimembranosus (SM), and adductor magnus (AM). Each leg of 11 male professional soccer players was randomly assigned to an LC or L exercise protocol (3 sets of 6 repetitions). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the subjects' thighs were performed before and 48 hours after the intervention. Fifteen axial scans of the thigh interspaced by a distance of 1/15 right femur length (Lf) were obtained. The fMRI data were analyzed for signal intensity changes. No significant changes were observed in absolute short tau inversion recovery values for the SM and BFs. Significant changes for the ST (∼21-45%) from sections 4 to 10, AM (∼2-13%) at section 4, and BFl (∼23 vs. 8%) at section 7 were noted. LC exercises load all the regions of the ST muscle. The L exercises load the proximal regions of the BFl and AM. These findings may have relevance when designing protocols for prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring injuries.

Published
2013

41. Jump landing characteristics in elite soccer players with cerebral palsy

Author

Cámara Gazapo, Javier, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Mejuto, Gabriel, Los Arcos, Asier, Yanci, Javier, Cámara Gazapo, Javier, Grande Rodriguez, Ignacio, Mejuto, Gabriel, Los Arcos, Asier, and Yanci, Javier

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyse the parameters that characterize the vertical ground reaction force during the landing phase of a jump, and to determine the relationship among these parameters in elite soccer players with cerebral palsy (CP). Thirteen male members of the Spanish national soccer team for people with CP (mean age: 27.1 ± 4.7 years) volunteered for the study. Each participant performed three counter movement jumps. The characteristics of the first peak of the vertical ground reaction force during the landing phase of a jump, which corresponds to the forefoot contact with the ground, were similar to the results obtained in previous studies. However, a higher magnitude of rearfoot contact with the ground (F2) was observed in participants with CP than in participants without CP. Furthermore, a significant correlation between F2 magnitude and the elapsed time until its production (T2) was not observed (r = -0.474 for p = 0.102). This result implies that a landing technique based on a delay in the production of F2 might not be effective to reduce its magnitude, contrary to what has been observed in participants without CP. The absence of a significant correlation between these two parameters in the present study, and the high magnitude of F2, suggest that elite soccer players with CP should use footwear with proper cushioning characteristics.

Published
2013

43. Effects of eccentric exercise on optimum length of the knee flexors and extensors during the preseason in professional soccer players

Author

Brughelli, Matt, Brughelli, Matt, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Nosaka, Kazunori, Idoate, Fernando, Los Arcos, Asier, Cronin, John, Brughelli, Matt, Brughelli, Matt, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Nosaka, Kazunori, Idoate, Fernando, Los Arcos, Asier, and Cronin, John

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effects of eccentric exercise on optimum lengths of the knee flexors and extensors during the preseason in professional soccer. Design: Twenty-eight athletes from a professional Spanish soccer team (Division II) were randomly assigned to an eccentric exercise intervention group (EG) or a control group (CG). Over the four-week period two athletes from the control group suffered RF injuries and two athletes were contracted by other clubs. After these exclusions, both groups (EG, n ¼ 13; and CG, n ¼ 11) performed regular soccer training during the four-week preseason period. Results: After the four weeks, the optimum lengths of the knee flexors were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 2.3 in the CG and by 4.0 in the EG. The change in the EG was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than that of the CG. The optimum lengths of the knee extensors were significantly increased only in the EG by 6.5 . Peak torque levels and ratios of quadriceps to hamstring (Q/H ratios) were not significantly altered throughout the study for either group. Conclusion: Eccentric exercise can increase the optimum lengths of both the knee extensors and knee extensors flexors during the preseason in professional soccer.

Published
2010

45. Negative Associations between Perceived Training Load, Volume and Changes in Physical Fitness in Professional Soccer Players.

Author

Los Arcos, Asier, Martínez-Santos, Raul, Yanci, Javier, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, and Méndez-Villanueva, Alberto

Subjects
*LEG physiology, *PHYSICAL fitness, *EXERCISE, *ANTHROPOMETRY, *CONFIDENCE intervals, *STATISTICAL correlation, *EXERCISE physiology, *JUMPING, *MUSCLE strength testing, *NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, *PROBABILITY theory, *RUNNING, *SOCCER, *STATISTICS, *T-test (Statistics), *EFFECT sizes (Statistics), *PROFESSIONAL athletes, *ANAEROBIC threshold, *NEUROMUSCULAR system, *PHYSICAL training & conditioning, *INTER-observer reliability, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH evaluation
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of the rating of perceived exertion training load for monitoring changes in several aerobic fitness and neuromuscular performance variables during 9 weeks of soccer training in young professional players. Nineteen male soccer players (20.2 ± 1.9 years) belonging to the same reserve team of a Spanish La Liga Club participated in this study. Countermovement jump (CMJ), CMJ arm swing, single leg CMJ, a sprint running test (i.e., 5 m and 15 m times) and an aerobic fitness running test were performed at the start of the pre-season (Test 1) and 9 weeks later (Test 2). During 9 weeks, after each training session and match, players reported their rating of perceived exertion (RPE) separately for respiratory (RPEres) and leg musculature (RPEmus) effort. The training load (TL) was calculated by multiplying the RPE value by the duration in minutes of each training session or match. Accumulated RPEmus, and associated TL, as well as accumulated training volume were negatively correlated with the changes in most physical fitness attributes after 9 weeks of training (r = -0.51 to -0.64). Present results suggest that a high perception of leg muscular effort associated with training sessions and matches, as well as an excessive accumulation of training volume (time), can impair the improvement in several physical fitness variables believed to be relevant for on-field soccer performance. Therefore, the independent assessment of leg muscular effort to quantify TL can be an interesting additional monitoring measure in soccer training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015

46. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPRINTING, AGILITY, ONE- AND TWO-LEG VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL JUMP IN SOCCER PLAYERS.

Author

Yanci, Javier, Los Arcos, Asier, Mendiguchia, Jurdan, and Brughelli, Matt

Subjects
*SOCCER players, *SPRINTING, *MOTOR ability, *MUSCLE strength, *LEG abnormalities, *TEST methods, *VERTICAL jump
Abstract

The aim of this study was to profile physical characteristics of soccer players measured by acceleration, vertical jump (VJ), horizontal jump (HJ) and change of direction ability (CODA) tests, and to quantify the relationships between these characteristics. Additionally, leg asymmetries between the dominant and nondominant legs during unilateral VJ and HJ were assessed. Thirty-nine male soccer players (22.9±2.8 years, 179.9±6.01 cm, 77.0±8.3 kg), competing in the third division of the Spanish Soccer League, participated in this study. Soccer experience of these players amounted to 15.19±3.15 years. Significant moderate correlations (p<.05) were found between all HJ tests and the modified agility (MAT) or the 505 test, and between all VJ tests and the Y20 or the 505 test. The significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant legs were found for the horizontal drop jump test (p=.001, d=.66) and horizontal three jump test (p=.017, d=.33). No significant differences between the dominant and non-dominant legs were found for VJ tests. The correlation between jumping and CODA varied depending on the characteristics of test types. The significant leg asymmetry in horizontal jumps with bounds found in the present study suggests that soccer players have greater leg asymmetries in the horizontal jump than in the vertical jump. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014

47. The Influence of Antenna Height on the Measurement of Collective Variables Using an Ultra-Wide Band Based Local Positioning System in Team Sports.

Author

Pino-Ortega, José, Los Arcos, Asier, Gantois, Petrus, Clemente, Filipe Manuel, Nakamura, Fabio Yuzo, Rico-González, Markel, Mobashsher, Ahmed Toaha, and Lázaro, Antonio

Subjects
*HEIGHT measurement, *SPORTS teams, *TEAM sports, *ANTENNAS (Electronics), *BASKETBALL courts
Abstract

Ultra-wide band (UWB) based local positioning systems (LPS) are based on devices and a portable antenna set. The optimal installation height of the antennae is crucial to ensure data accuracy. Collective variables are metrics that consider at least two pairs of coordinates, which may lead to lower precision than an individual one. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the influence of antenna height with collective metrics using a UWB (i.e., IMU; WIMU PRO™, RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain) based LPS. Data acquisition was carried out in a basketball court measuring 28 × 15 m. Five devices were used; one of which was carried by a healthy and well-trained athlete (age: 38 years, mass: 76.34 kg, height 1.70 m), while each of the remaining four was positioned on a tripod in one of the four corners of the court. Four kinds of variables were extracted: (1) static distances, (2) dynamic distances, (3) static areas and (4) dynamic areas in all antenna installation modes of 0.15, 1.30 and 2.00 m. The results showed that the antenna of 1.30 m provided better accuracy for all measures (% difference range from −0.94 to 1.17%) followed by the antenna of 2.00 m (% difference range from −2.50 to 2.15%), with the antenna of 0.15 m providing the worst accuracy level (% difference range from −1.05 to 3.28%). Overall, the measurements of distance metrics showed greater accuracy than area metrics (distance % difference range from −0.85 to 2.81% and area % difference range from −2.50 to 3.28). In conclusion, the height of the antennae in basketball courts should be similar to the height at which the devices are attached to a player's upper back. However, as the precision is sensitive to the magnitude of the measure, further studies should assess the effects of the relative height of antennae in team sports with greater playing spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. Training Load and Performance Monitoring, Recovery, Wellbeing, Illness and Injury Prevention.

Author

Clemente, Filipe, Castillo, Daniel, Clemente, Filipe, and Los Arcos, Asier

Subjects
Lifestyle, sport & leisure, BIA, CODS, EMG, HIIT, agility, anthropometry, athletic performance, autonomic function, basal metabolism, body composition, categories, centroid, cognition, collective behaviors, competition, contextual variables, core strength, cycling, disabled persons, drill-based games, dyad, elite, entropy, external load, fat reduction, fatigue, fitness, football, functional movement screen, futsal, general wellness, health, heart rate variability, incidence, inertial devices, injury, injury prevention, interval training, irisin, isokinetic, lean body mass, leg stiffness, longitudinal study, match, match running performance, monitoring, muscle strength, non-lineal locomotion, para-athletes, performance, physical responses, physiological responses, power output, predictive equation, professional soccer leagues, reaction time, reactive strength, relative phase, repeated sprint, risk factors, running, simulated match-play, soccer, spinal cord injury, sports performance, stability training, stretch index, students, swimming, tactic, team behaviour, team sport, team sports, testing, training, training load, ultra-endurance, women
Abstract

Summary: This book represents the efforts of different authors to analyze and provide solid evidence that supports training regulations based on monitoring strategies. This Special Issue includes original articles with some diversity, i.e., considering that different age groups, competitive levels, expertise, and conditions were researched regarding the main topics of training load and performance monitoring, recovery, wellbeing, and illness and injury prevention. Psychophysiological aspects were considered, as were locomotor and mechanical demands and tactical responses. The myriad outcomes analyzed present the reader with an overview of the state of the art and possible new directions for future research. In this book, readers will be also able to find systematic reviews about the key topics.

49. Effects of Different Contextual Interference Training Programs on Straight Sprinting and Agility Performance of Primary School Students.

Author

Yanci, Javier, Reina, Raúl, Los Arcos, Asier, and Cámara, Jesús

Subjects
*ANALYSIS of variance, *ANTHROPOMETRY, *CHILDREN'S health, *CLINICAL trials, *EXERCISE physiology, *EXERCISE tests, *MOTOR ability, *RUNNING, *STATISTICAL sampling, *SPORTS sciences, *STATISTICS, *DATA analysis, *TEACHING methods, *EFFECT sizes (Statistics), *BODY mass index, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *PRE-tests & post-tests, *REPEATED measures design, *DATA analysis software, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a different degree of contextual interference (CI) training program on the change of direction ability (CODA) itself and on the straight sprinting (SSP) performance (5 m and 15 m) in students in the first year of primary school. It also evaluated which CI training program was more effective. Eighty eight students (6.42 ± 0.38 yr) volunteered as participants for the present study. Participants were randomized into 5 different CI training programs (LCI: low contextual interference, MCI: moderate contextual interference, HCI: high contextual interference, VCI: variable contextual interference, and CG: control group) during a 3 week period. Significant CODA improvements (p < 0.05) in pre-posttest were found in MCI (4.39%, ES 0.41) and VCI (9.37%, ES 1.12) groups. Furthermore, LCI, MCI and HCI groups ameliorated their SSP performance, both in 5 m (5.92%, ES 0.81; 6.67%, ES 0.90; 8.05%, ES 1.33 respectively) and 15 m SSP (5.86%, ES 0.76; 6.47%, ES 0.80; 2.47% ES 0.41 respectively). These results suggest that training through games of tag (VCI) was the most effective in improving the CODA and training with moderate contextual interference (MCI) was the only type which induced improvements in both capacities (SSP and CODA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013

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