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PurposeThis study aims to examine how and when leader bottom-line mentality (BLM) affects employee innovation (EI) in the context of Chinese organisations in which psychological contract breach (PCB) is a mediator and moral identity (MI) is a moderator.Design/methodology/approachThe authors distributed the questionnaires to technology and culture firms in 2 waves and obtained a sample of 308 employees in 56 teams. The authors used the hierarchical linear model (HLM) and bootstrap method for the hypothesis testing.FindingsThe authors conclude that leader BLM negatively influences EI. Specifically, leader BLM leads mainly to low EI by increasing PCB amongst employees. Moreover, MI plays a moderating role in the above mechanism, i.e. the higher the MI degree of employees, the stronger the mediating role of PCB and the stronger the negative impact of leader BLM.Practical implicationsThis study argues that BLM is necessary for firm development, but paying too much attention to BLM may achieve the opposite effect. Reducing BLM or buffering the negative impact of BLM through various measures (e.g. human resource management) is appropriate for managers.Originality/valueThe authors discover a new mechanism and boundary condition, i.e. leader BLM has a negative impact on EI through PCB and MI strengthens the effect of leader BLM.

Purpose This study aims to explore the influence mechanism of digital platform capability on firm performance in the business-to-business (B2B) context. This study draws on the core competence theory and the resource-based view and includes resource identification, resource allocation and intrapreneurship into the research framework. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 167 B2B firms with survey questionnaires in central, eastern and southeastern coastal areas of China. The firms were mainly involved in e-commerce, manufacturing, service industry and internet technology. Participants were mainly middle and senior managers with a comprehensive grasp of their firms’ information. Findings This study found that digital platform capability has a positive impact on a B2B firm’s performance. Resource identification, resource allocation and intrapreneurship play a chain mediating role between digital platform capability and firm performance. That is, digital platform capability could promote employee intrapreneurship through resource identification and resource allocation, thereby improving firm performance. Practical implications Aiming to gain performance, firms should pay attention to the construction of digital platforms, increase venture capital investment and provide more resources to support intrapreneurship. Originality/value Based on empirical evidence, to the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to link digital platform capability and firm performance in the B2B context of emerging markets, providing a new perspective to clarify its relationship mechanism.

Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is a percutaneous, micro-invasive, and micro-destructive neuromodulation technology. It has been reported to be useful in the treatment of supraorbital neuralgia (SN). However, the long-term effectiveness and safety of this technique in SN has not been reported yet.To investigate the outcomes of PRF on supraorbital neuralgia (SN) in multi-centers and a long-term perspective.Retrospective case series.Patients who underwent PRF for SN at 4 hospitals in Beijing between Jan 2007 and Jan 2021 were identified and reviewed for inclusion. Their demographic data and baseline conditions were statistically described, and their conditions of pain control were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. A survival curve was plotted, the cumulative proportion of pain-free at specific time points was determined, and the median pain-free time was estimated. Complications related to PRF treatment were summarized. The risk factors for initial pain control and pain-free survival were analyzed using logistic regression and Cox regression.A total of 116 patients were included; 91 (78.4%) patients got initial pain control with just one attempt of PRF. The maximum length of follow-up was 127 months, with a median of 18 months. During follow-up, 29 (31.9%) patients suffered from pain recurrence, and 11 (12.1%) were lost. The cumulative pain-free survival at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 5 years, 8 years, and 10 years were estimated as 70%, 64%, 59%, 55%, 44%, 37%, and 37%, respectively. The median pain-free time was 52 months. No severe complications were observed or reported. Duration of disease could significantly influence initial pain control, while no risk factors for pain-free survival were recognized.A retrospective study setting without a control group.The performance of PRF for the treatment of SN was confirmed to be favorable in a multicentric, relatively large scale, and long-term perspective.

Depthwise separable convolution (DSC) has become one of the essential structures for lightweight convolutional neural networks. Nevertheless, its hardware architecture has not received much attention. Several previous hardware designs incur either high off-chip memory traffic or large on-chip memory usage, and hence have deficiency in terms of hardware efficiency as well as performance. This paper proposes two efficient dynamic design techniques, i.e. adaptive row-based dataflow scheduling and adaptive computation mapping, to achieve a much better trade-off between hardware efficiency and performance for DSC-based lightweight CNN accelerator. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed dynamic design techniques have been extensively evaluated using six DSC-based lightweight CNNs. Compared with the reference architectures, the simulation results show the proposed architectural techniques can at least reduce on-chip buffer size by 50.4% and improve the performance of convolution calculation by $1.18\times $ while maintaining the minimum off-chip memory traffic. MobileNetV2 is implemented on Zynq UltraScale+ ZCU102 SoC FPGA, and the results show the proposed accelerator can achieve 381.7 frames per second (fps), which is $1.43\times $ of the reference design, and it can save about 36.3% on-chip buffer size compared with the reference design, while maintaining the same off-chip memory traffic.

It is critical to continously improve the hardware efficiency of deep neural network accelerators for its application on resource constrained platform. This brief proposes a lane shared bit-pragmatic architecture to address the synchronization induced performance bottleneck and hence further improve the performance and efficiency of bit-serial computing architecture. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed architecture are demonstrated by extensive evaluation results.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of user-driven innovation (UDI) and employee intrapreneurship (EI) on the innovation performance of platform enterprises through the mediating role of market intelligence responsiveness (MIR) and the moderating role of knowledge and information resource acquisition (KRA and IRA, respectively) between MIR and innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 167 platform enterprises in northern, eastern and southern China with survey questionnaires. Participants were mainly middle and senior managers with a comprehensive grasp of the enterprises' information.FindingsThe results indicated that both UDI and EI, particularly synergy, positively influenced the innovation performance of platform enterprises. Furthermore, higher innovation performance resulted from high congruence between UDI and EI, and the innovation performance of enterprises increased when UDI and EI shifted from being incongruent to congruent. Lastly, MIR played a mediating role in this relationship, and both KRA and IRA played a positive moderating role between MIR and innovation performance.Practical implicationsPlatform enterprises should pay attention to external users and internal employees to achieve their development goals and establish tripartite cooperative relationships involving firms, employees and users. Enabling platform enterprises to develop continually and in a healthy way requires the integration and utilization of all types of resources.Originality/valueThis was an empirical study on the impact mechanism of employees and users on the innovation performance of platform enterprises in China.

Longjun Liu,1 Wenhai Wan,2 Qing Fan3 1School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, Of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenhai WanSchool of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, No. 269 Chenghua North Road, Fengze District, Quanzhou, 362021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13305051228Email wwhwnwl@hqu.edu.cnPurpose: Literature shows that it is a paradox whether employees can achieve performance in telework, especially during COVID-19. Our aim is to clarify the relationship between telework and employees’ job performance through a moderated mediation model.Methods: This study employed two-wave surveys with the aim of reducing the potential risk of common method bias. The 1309 participants of the survey were mainly employees who used telework during COVID-19, and they were mostly in positions such as product design and scheme planning. SEM was used to test the hypotheses.Results: Results from two-wave surveys of 1309 Chinese employees indicated that telework positively influenced job performance via job crafting. That is, job crafting played a mediating role between telework and job performance. And performance-prove goal orientation positively moderated the relationship between telework and job crafting but performance-avoid goal orientation negatively moderated the relationship between them.Conclusion: This study shows that telework can improve job performance through job crafting in COVID-19, in response to the paradox implied in the literature. In addition, we use COR theory to explain the role of performance goal orientation and job crafting in telework. We add these variables to the theoretical framework of COR theory, thereby enriching the theoretical research from the COR theory perspective.Keywords: COVID-19, telework, job crafting, performance, performance goal orientation

Rapidly evolving technologies and applications of mobile devices inevitably increase the power demands on the battery. However, the development of batteries can hardly keep pace with the fast-growing demands, leading to short battery life, which becomes the top complaints from customers. In this article, we investigate a novel energy supply technology, fuel cell (FC), and leverage its advantages of providing long-term energy storage to build a hybrid FC-battery power system. Therefore, mobile device operation time is dramatically extended, and users are no longer bothered by battery recharging. We examine real-world smartphone usage data and find that a naive hybrid power system cannot meet many users’ highly diversified power demands. We thus propose an OS-level power management policy that reduces the device power consumption for each power peak to solve this mismatch. This technique trades the quality-of-service (QoS) for a larger FC ratio in the system and thus much longer device operation time. We further observe that the user’s personality largely determines his/her satisfaction with the QoS degradation and the operation time extension. Thus, applying a hybrid system with fixed configuration (i.e., peak throttling level coupled with corresponding FC/battery ratio) fails to satisfy every user. We then explore customized hybrid system configuration based on each individual user’s personality to deliver the optimal satisfaction for him/her. The experimental results show that our personality-aware hybrid FC-battery solution can achieve 4× longer operation time and 25% higher satisfaction score compared to the common setting for state-of-the-art mobile devices.

Hybrid solid state drive based on ReRAM and NAND flash technologies has shown promising performance and energy efficiency. In this application, ReRAM is mainly used as a non-volatile buffer to hold recently accessed data pages or address mapping information. The previous studies on the ReRAM-based buffer mainly focus on performance and efficiency improvement, while reliability issues are not taken into consideration. Nevertheless, according to our quantitative evaluation, the limited endurance and random bit errors pose challenges to ReRAM-based buffer design. For example, without wear leveling, the raw lifetime of ReRAM-based SSD buffer may be as low as 0.02 year for some specific I/O traces. Therefore, we propose two efficient architecture techniques, i.e., multi-bloom-filter-based wear leveling and hybrid error protection, to improve the lifetime and reduce the error protection cost of ReRAM-based buffer, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed wear leveling technique can extend the lifetime of ReRAM-based buffer by $34.7\times $ on average. The proposed hybrid error protection scheme can improve the response time by at least 4.2% compared with other error protection schemes.

Large-scale datacenters are facing increasing pressure of capping their carbon emission and power cost. Many leading-edge studies have started to explore server clusters running on multiple power sources. Existing approaches do not sufficiently consider the fine-grained power delivery to satisfy diverse requirements in datacenter, especially in the multi-tenant/colocation datacenter, which may yield low energy utilization. To address the emerging trend and new requirements, this article proposes a novel Datacenter inner Power Switch Network ( DiPSN ) to improve datacenter power efficiency and user satisfaction. DiPSN is a reconfigurable and easy-to-scale-out power architecture, which enables datacenter to distribute various power sources in a fine-grained manner. Moreover, a tailored machine learning based power source management framework is proposed for DiPSN to dynamically optimize user customized performance metrics and maximize datacenter revenue. Compared with conventional single-switch power distribution system, our DiPSN can be configured to improve solar energy utilization by 39.6 percent, reduce utility power cost by 11.1 percent and improve workload performance by 33.8 percent. Meanwhile, our design can extend battery lifetime by 9.3 percent. This work could provide valuable guidelines for designing heterogeneous power distribution architecture and management methodology in datacenters for improving user-customizable efficiency, sustainability and economy.

Xiong Xiao,1 Lei Jiang,2 Longjun Liu,3 Guoliang Chai,4 Fang Luo5 1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesia, Beijing Fengtai Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pain Management, Beijing Red Cross Peace Orthopedic Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Imaging Department, Beijing Puhua International Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pain Management, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fang LuoDepartment of Pain Management, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, #119 West Road of the South Fourth Ring, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 10 67096664Fax +86 10 67050177Email 13671182231@163.comPurpose: To explore the challenges faced in the diagnosis and treatment of atypical odontalgia (AO) and other persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP).Patients and Methods: This retrospective multi-centric cross-sectional study utilized clinical information (eg, clinical manifestations, history of consultations and treatments prior to correct diagnoses) from patients’ medical records. Their economic parameters were also extracted from medical insurance databases. Each variable collected was statistically analyzed. Differences of variables between AO and other PIFP were statistically tested.Results: A total of 394 patients were included in this study. On average, the diagnostic delay was 34.8± 14.2 months, a median of 7 consultations were performed prior to a correct diagnosis, and 5 ineffective prescriptions were issued. Patients with AO suffered from longer diagnostic delays than patients with other PIFP (38.4± 14.3 months vs 31.6± 13.4 months) and were more likely to receive invasive dental treatments (73.3% vs 4.3%). The median total cost of treatment for a single patient before correct diagnosis was 8506.3 yuan. Patients with AO spent more than patients with other PIFP (10,146.5 Yuan vs 3864.0 Yuan).Conclusion: Patients with PIFP were frequently misdiagnosed and the length of diagnostic delay was observed to be long. Ineffective medications, unwarranted procedures, and unnecessary economic burden were imposed on the patients. Patients with AO are in a worse situation than patients with other PIFP. As significantly urgent and unsatisfactory results of misdiagnosis of PIFP have been reported in our study, more attention should be paid on the research and education in this field.Keywords: persistent idiopathic facial pain, atypical odontalgia, misdiagnosis, suboptimal treatment, economic burden

Nonlocal entrepreneurship plays an important role in promoting regional economic development. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the influence of the subjective and objective factors (organizational legitimacy and regional entrepreneurial ecosystem) of nonlocal entrepreneurship on its sustainable performance and boundary conditions. Through the analysis of 608 questionnaires of 237 teams at different times, the following conclusions are drawn: First, we find that entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational legitimacy effectively promote nonlocal entrepreneurial teams&rsquo, sustainable performance, and strategic flexibility has positive moderating effects on this relationship. Secondly, through polynomial regression and response surface analysis, we find that the interaction between entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational legitimacy has a positive impact on sustainable performance. Specifically, compared with the inconsistent status of entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational legitimacy, the sustainable performance is higher under a consistent status. Compared with the low consistency status of entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational legitimacy, the sustainable performance in the high consistency status is higher. Therefore, we suggest that the government, universities, and enterprises should build entrepreneurial ecosystems to promote the sustainability of nonlocal entrepreneurial teams. For nonlocal entrepreneurial teams, organizational legitimacy and strategic flexibility should be enhanced. The presented research adds to the literature by integrating subject and object factors (organizational legitimacy and regional entrepreneurial ecosystem), which has important theoretical significance.

Energy storage devices (ESD), such as UPS batteries, have been repurposed in datacenter as a promising tuning knob for peak power shaving and power cost reducing. However, batteries progressively aging due to irregular usage patterns, which result in less effective capacity and even pose serious threat to server availability. Nevertheless, prior proposals largely ignore the aging issues of battery which may lead to low energy availability for datacenter servers. To fill this critical void, we thoroughly investigate battery aging on a heavily instrumented prototype system over an observation period of ten months. We propose Battery Anti-Aging Treatment Plus ( BAAT-P ), a novel power delivery architecture included aging management algorithms from the perspective of computing system to hide, reduce, mitigate and plan the battery aging effects for high energy availability in datacenter. Our techniques exploit diverse battery aging mechanisms and dynamic aging management algorithms to provide system-level availability guarantee for datacenter. We evaluate the BAAT-P design with a real prototype. Compared with a battery powered datacenter without aging management policies, the results show that BAAT-P can extend battery lifetime by 72 percent, reduce battery cost by 33 percent and effectively improve energy availability for datacenter servers while maintaining workload performance for the performance critical workloads.

Datacenters, the essential infrastructures for supercomputing and cloud computing, are facing increasing pressure of capping tremendous power consumption and carbon emission. Many studies have proposed to leverage energy storage devices to shave peak power or smooth intermittent power for datacenters, respectively. However, a joint energy management of peak shaving and renewable energy harvesting in datacenters is still lacking. In this paper, we propose a new power management scheme named RE-UPS, which explores the opportunity to shave datacenter peak power demand with renewable energy. RE-UPS is based on the emerging distributed energy storage architecture and existing UPS infrastructure of datacenter. It further leverages a dynamic heuristic algorithm to determine the appropriate energy storage allocation and server power sources. The proposed energy management policies can greatly optimize the design among maximizing renewable energy harvest, shaving peak power, and maintaining UPS energy availability. Compared to the baseline power management schemes, RE-UPS can averagely improve backup energy capacity by 28 %, extend battery lifetime by 42 %, increase green energy utilization by 78 %, and reduce workload performance degradation by 13 %.

Bruxism is a masticatory muscle activity characterized by high prevalence, widespread complications, and serious consequences but without specific guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment. Although occlusal force-based biofeedback therapy is proven to be safe, effective, and with few side effects in improving bruxism, its mechanism and key technologies remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to research a real-time, quantitative, intelligent, and precise force-based biofeedback detection device based on artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of bruxism. Stress sensors were integrated and embedded into a resin-based occlusion stabilization splint by using a layering technique (sandwich method). The sensor system mainly consisted of a pressure signal acquisition module, a main control module, and a server terminal. A machine learning algorithm was leveraged for occlusal force data processing and parameter configuration. This study implemented a sensor prototype system from scratch to fully evaluate each component of the intelligent splint. Experiment results showed reasonable parameter metrics for the sensors system and demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed scheme for bruxism treatment. The intelligent occlusion stabilization splint with a stress sensor system is a promising approach to bruxism diagnosis and treatment.

The functional scope of today's software-defined data centers (SDDC) has expanded to such an extent that servers face a growing amount of critical background operational tasks like load monitoring, logging, migration, and duplication, etc. These ancillary operations, which we refer to as management operations, often nibble the stringent data center power envelope and exert a tremendous amount of pressure on front-end user tasks. However, existing power capping, peak shaving, and time shifting mechanisms mainly focus on managing data center power demand at the "macro level" -- they do not distinguish ancillary background services from user tasks, and therefore often incur significant performance degradation and energy overhead.In this study we explore "micro-level" power management in SDDC: tuning a specific set of critical loads for the sake of overall system efficiency and performance. Specifically, we look at management operations that can often lead to resource contention and energy overhead in an IaaS SDDC. We assess the feasibility of this new power management paradigm by characterizing the resource and power impact of various management operations. We propose HOPE, a new system optimization framework for eliminating the potential efficiency bottleneck caused by the management operations in the SDDC. HOPE is implemented on a customized OpenStack cloud environment with heavily instrumented power infrastructure. We thoroughly validate HOPE models and optimization efficacy under various user workload scenarios. Our deployment experiences show that the proposed technique allows SDDC to reduce energy consumption by 19%, reduce management operation execution time by 25.4%, and in the meantime improve workload performance by 30%.

The fast growing unicellular green microalgae Chlorella protothecoides has attracted interest as a promising organism for commercial production of a high-value carotenoid, lutein, by heterotrophic fermentation. Effects of two oxidant-forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the biomass concentration, and yield and content of lutein in batch culture of heterotrophic Chlorella protothecoides were investigated in this study. The addition of 0.1 mmol/L H(2)O(2) and 0.01 mmol/L NaClO plus 0.5 mmol/L Fe(2+) to the culture led to the generation of (.)OH and enhanced the lutein content from 1.75 to 1.90 and 1.95 mg/g, respectively. The lutein content further increased to 1.98 mg/g when 0.01 mmol/L H(2)O(2) and 0.5 mmol/L NaClO were added to generate (1)O(2). The maximum yield of lutein (28.5, 29.8 and 31.4 mg/L) and a high biomass concentration (15.0, 15.3 and 15.9 g/L) were also achieved through the above treatments. The results indicated that 1O2 could promote lutein formation and enhance lutein production in heterotrophic Chlorella protothecoides. Moreover, (1)O(2) produced from the reaction of H(2)O(2) and NaClO was more effective in enhancing lutein production and reducing biomass loss than (.)OH from the reaction of H(2)O(2) or NaClO plus Fe(2+).