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The article presents a collective work coordinated by Manuel Aragón Reyes, José Tudela Aranda, and Diego Valadés Ríos that addresses the current challenges of Constitutional Law in the 21st century. The work compiles the works of thirty-two authors from different generations and nationalities, and seeks to adapt the discipline to the challenges of the new century to ensure the health of democracies. The topics addressed include the digital revolution, globalization, political disaffection, the rise of nationalism and populism, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the climate emergency. The work also analyzes gender equality, state neutrality, the right to privacy, the right to life, the regulation of freedom of expression and information in the digital environment, and social rights. [Extracted from the article]

This study analyzes the evolution of a pivotal element of the jurisprudence of the United States Supreme Court: the doctrine of strict scrutiny and its application to racial classifications. Since the 1990s, the Supreme Court has applied the strict scrutiny test to all racial classifications, even those designed to benefit historically disadvantaged groups. According to a critical academic sector, subjecting affirmative actions to the same constitutional standard of review that is applied to traditional forms of discrimination runs counter to the original rationale of the two-tiered review. A doctrine born to provide heightened protection for certain minorities appears to have become an instrument serving the interests of the dominant majority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tension between public space protection and the right to work entitled to the peddlers and itinerant vendors have been solved in Colombia with the application of the legitimate expectations principle. The present paper describes and analyzes the case of peddlers who work on the Plaza España in Bogotá. The case is shown as an example of solidarity between civil society and the state. The level of trust generated between the parts involved (the peddlers and the district administration) was due to legal tools given by the Colombian social rule of law. This paper is the result of a research based on documents, laws and jurisprudence in addition to a field work (ethnographic observation and interviews, besides historical sources), which started on 2007 with the thesis of Laura Llinás to obtain her undergraduate degree in law in the Law Department at the Universidad de los Andes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]