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5. 43P AKT and estrogen receptor (ER) inhibition potently impairs endocrine resistance (EndoR) in breast cancer (BC)

Author

Nardone, A., primary, Morrison-Thiele, G., additional, Goldstein, A., additional, De Angelis, C., additional, Veeraraghavan, J., additional, Fu, X., additional, Liu, C.C., additional, Wang, T., additional, Shea, M., additional, Cosulich, S., additional, Davies, B., additional, Tsimelzon, A., additional, Huang, S., additional, Chamness, G., additional, Jeselsohn, R., additional, Malorni, L., additional, Rimawi, M., additional, Hilsenbeck, S., additional, Osborne, C.K., additional, and Schiff, R., additional

Published
2023
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7. Prediction of the sintering shrinkage of glass-alumina functionally graded materials by a BP artificial neural network

Author

Yu C.L., Yang H., Zhao D.C., Liu C.C., Zhang T., and Jiang H.T.

Subjects
functionally graded materials, neural networks, glass, alumina, shrinkage, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

The shrinkage of the glass-alumina functionally graded materials (G-A FGMs) as a function of sintering temperature, layers, and the alumina content was predicted by a back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN). The BP-ANN was composed of an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. 21 sets of experimental data were trained, in which the temperature, layers, and the alumina content as input parameters whereas the shrinkage as the output parameter. 5 sets of experimental data were used to identify the accuracy of the BP-ANN. From the prediction, selection of the hidden layer neurons is essential for the convergence of the BP-ANN. The minimum predicted errors less than 6.6% are obtained with 8 neurons. Comparison of the predicted shrinkage shows that the increase of layers or alumina content is beneficial to the increase of the shrinkage and expansion resistance for the G-A FGMs.

Published
2009
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8. Conventional spark versus nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge for a turbulence facilitated ignition phenomenon

Author

Nguyen, M.T., Shy, S.S., Chen, Y.R., Lin, B.L., Huang, S.Y., and Liu, C.C.

Subjects
Technology, ddc:600
Abstract

This work applies both conventional-single-spark-discharge (CSSD) at 500-µs pulse duration time and nanosecond-repetitively-pulsed-discharge (NRPD) at various pulsed-repetitive-frequency PRF = 5–70 kHz to explore a turbulence facilitated ignition (TFI) phenomenon using a pair of pin-to-pin electrodes at an inter-electrode gap of 0.8 mm in randomly-stirred lean n-butane/air mixture with Lewis number ≫ 1. For CSSD, measured laminar and turbulent minimum ignition energies (MIE$_{L}$ and MIE$_{T}$) at 50% ignitability show that MIE$_{L}$≈ 23 mJ > the smallest MIE$_{T}$≈ 19.7 mJ at u′ = 0.9 m/s (TFI) and then MIE$_{T}$≈ 28.6/30.8/36.8 mJ at u′ = 1.4/2.1/2.8 m/s (no TFI), where u′ is the r.m.s turbulent fluctuating velocity. For comparison, all NRPD experiments apply the same total ignition energy E$_{tot}$≈ 23 mJ via a fixed train of 11 pulses, each pulse with 2.2 mJ except for the first pulse with 1 mJ. NRPD results show a cumulatively synergistic effect depending on the coherence between PRF and an inward reactant flow recirculation frequency (f$_{RC}$) inside the torus-like kernel induced by the discharge that could enhance ignition. When PRF is approximately synchronizing with f$_{RC}$, the synergistic effect is most profound at PRF = 20-kHz/40-kHz with very high ignition probability P$_{ig}$ = 90%/85% > 50% in quiescence, whereas lower values of P$_{ig}$ = 42%/34% are found at PRF = 10-kHz/60-kHz. Further, P$_{ig}$ = 0 at PRF = 5-kHz even when 5000 pulses (E$_{tot}$≈ 10 J) are applied. We discover that P$_{ig}$ decreases significantly with increasing u′ for most PRFs (no TFI) except at higher PRF ≥ 60 kHz showing possible TFI. These results are attributed to the interactions between turbulent dissipation, differential diffusion, and synergistic influence, which are substantiated by Schlieren images of initial kernel development and the ignition time determined at one half of the flame critical radius that leads to a self-sustained spherical flame propagation.

Published
2021

11. Applications of the windowed FFT to electric power quality assessment

Author

Heydt, G.T., Fjeld, P.S., Liu, C.C., Pierce, D., Tu, L., and Hensley, G.

Subjects
Fourier transformations -- Methods, Electric power -- Quality management, Business, Computers, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

This paper discussed the application of the windowed fast Fourier transform to electric power quality assessment. The windowed FFT is a time windowed version of the discrete time Fourier transform. The window width may be adjusted and shifted to scan through large volumes of power quality data. Narrow window widths are used for detailed analyses, and wide window widths are used to move rapidly across archived power quality data measurements. The mathematics of the method are discussed and applications are illustrated. Keywords: Power quality, FFT, windowed FFT, Fourier transform, frequency analysis, signal processing, IEEE Standard 1159.

Published
1999

12. Model-based synthesis and suppression of transformer alarms in a control center environment

Author

Dahlgren, R., Rosenwald, g., Liu, C.C., Muchlinski, S., Eide, A., and Sobajic, D.

Subjects
Electric transformers -- Models, Electric power systems -- Models, Business, Computers, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

This paper presents the details of a prototype of an intelligent alarm processor called the Advanced Alarm Processor (AAP). The AAP uses model-based reasoning methods to synthesize and suppress power system alarms in the on-line environment. These model-based reasoning and processing methods are a new approach to intelligent alarm processing. The transformer model presented in this paper is a subset of the complete AAP which also processes power system, communications, protection, and substation alarms. The transformer module is used to demonstrate the reasoning and message-handling methods. Finally, the utility of the AAP is demonstrated through tests in which raw Energy Management System (EMS) input alarms are processed by the prototype to produce higher-level messages.

Published
1998

13. Impact of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome on a hospital in Taiwan, ROC

Author

Tsai, M.C., Arnold, J.L., Chuang, C.C., Chi, C.H., Liu, C.C., and Yang, Y.J.

Subjects
Infection control -- Analysis, Severe acute respiratory syndrome -- Development and progression, Severe acute respiratory syndrome -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in March 2003 in tertiary care hospital in Taiwan (ROC) and its impact posed a challenge for hospitals worldwide. The SARS outbreak was associated with substantial use of resources related to infection control, comparatively less use of resources related to medical care of patients with suspected or probable SARS, and decreased use of routine medical services.

Published
2004

15. Design and analysis of arbitrarily shaped dielectric antennas

Author

Toland, B., Ingerson, P.G., and Liu, C.C.

Subjects
Dielectric devices -- Design and construction, Microwave antennas, Television antennas, Antennas (Electronics) -- Design and construction, Dielectrics -- Design and construction, Business, Electronics and electrical industries, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Telecommunications industry, Design and construction
Abstract

Dielectric antennas provide significant performance advantages and are often a low cost alternative to free-space antenna designs. This information is not surprising because introduction of dielectric material into the antenna [...]

Published
1997

18. Vascular Cell Senescence Contributes to Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown

Author

Yamazaki, Y., Baker, D.J., Tachibana, M., Liu, C.C., Deursen, J.M.A. van, Brott, T.G., Bu, G., Kanekiyo, T., Yamazaki, Y., Baker, D.J., Tachibana, M., Liu, C.C., Deursen, J.M.A. van, Brott, T.G., Bu, G., and Kanekiyo, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 171923.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Age-related changes in the cerebrovasculature, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, are emerging as potential risks for diverse neurological conditions. Because the accumulation of senescent cells in tissues is increasingly recognized as a critical step leading to age-related organ dysfunction, we evaluated whether senescent vascular cells are associated with compromised BBB integrity. METHODS: Effects of vascular cell senescence on tight junction and barrier integrity were studied using an in vitro BBB model, composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In addition, tight junction coverage in microvessels and BBB integrity in BubR1 hypomorphic (BubR1(H/H)) mice, which display senescence cell-dependent phenotypes, were examined. RESULTS: When an in vitro BBB model was constructed with senescent endothelial cells and pericytes, tight junction structure and barrier integrity (evaluated by transendothelial electric resistance and tracer efflux assay using sodium fluorescein and Evans blue-albumin were significantly impaired. Endothelial cells and pericytes from BubR1(H/H) mice had increased senescent-associated beta-galactosidase activity and p16(INK4a) expression, demonstrating an exacerbation of senescence. The coverage by tight junction proteins in the cortical microvessels were reduced in BubR1(H/H) mice, consistent with a compromised BBB integrity from permeability assays. Importantly, the coverage of microvessels by end-feet of aquaporin 4-immunoreactive astrocytes was not altered in the cortex of the BubR1(H/H) mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that accumulation of senescent vascular cells is associated with compromised BBB integrity, providing insights into the mechanism of BBB disruption related to biological aging.

Published
2016

21. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE) 2009

Author

Milrad, Marcelo, Kong, S.C., Ogata, H., Arnseth, H.C., Chan, C.K.K., Hirashima, T., Klett, F., Lee, J.H.M., Liu, C.C., Looi, C.K., , Mitrovic, A., Nakabayashi, K., Wong, S.L. & Yang, S.J.H., Siu Cheung, Milrad, Marcelo, and Kong, S.C., Ogata, H., Arnseth, H.C., Chan, C.K.K., Hirashima, T., Klett, F., Lee, J.H.M., Liu, C.C., Looi, C.K., , Mitrovic, A., Nakabayashi, K., Wong, S.L. & Yang, S.J.H., Siu Cheung

Published
2009

24. The effect of repeated stretching on the force decay and compluance of vulcanized cis-polyisoprene orthodontic elastics

Author

Department of Biologic and Materials Science, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, Liu, C.C., Wataha, John C., Craig, Robert G., Department of Biologic and Materials Science, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC, Liu, C.C., Wataha, John C., and Craig, Robert G.

Abstract

Compliance measurements, used in the past to measure the viscoelastic properties of dental impression materials, were used to assess these properties in vulcanized cis-polyisoprene orthodontic elastics, and the results were compared with traditional force decay measurements. Both methods were also used to evaluate the effect of repeated stretching on these elastics. Compliance measurements successfully characterized the viscoelastic behavior of the elastics, and the results agreed with force decay measurements. Repeated stretching significantly reduced the force and the compliance of the elastics. There was no statistical difference in the force or compliance measurements after the elastics were stretched more than 200 times. Stretching for 1000 cycles of 400% extension reduced elastic force by approximately 12%.

Published
2006

43. Effects of estrogen on gender-related autonomic differences in humans.

Author

Liu, C.C., Kuo, Terry B.J., and Yang, Cheryl C.H.

Subjects
*ESTROGEN, *AUTONOMIC nervous system, *PERIMENOPAUSE, *HEART beat
Abstract

Our previous studies demonstrated that premenopausal women have dominant vagal and subordinate sympathetic activity compared with age-matched men. This study was designed to investigate the role of estrogen in gender-related autonomic differences. We evaluated the heart rate variability of four healthy groups: agedmatched postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy (PM), postmenopausal women on conjugated estrogen replacement therapy (PME), men, and non-agematched premenopausal women (PreM). Frequency-domain analysis of short-term and stationary R-R intervals was performed to evaluate low-frequency power (LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz), high-frequency power (HF; 0.15-0.40 Hz), the ratio of LF to HF (LF/HF), and LF in normalized units (LF%). No genderrelated autonomic differences existed between the PM and men groups, but they did exist between the PME and men group. Compared with the PreM group, the PM group had a lower HF and higher LF% and LF/HF. Compared with the PM group, the PME group had a higher HF but lower LF% and LF/HF. These results suggest that conjugated estrogen replacement therapy may facilitate vagal and attenuate sympathetic regulation of heart rate in postmenopausal women. In addition, estrogen may play an important role in genderrelated autonomic differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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45. Purification of a ubiquitin protein peptidase from yeast with efficient in vitroassays*

Author

Liu, C.C., Miller, H.I., Kohr, W.J., and Silber, J.I.

Abstract

In eukaryotic cells ubiquitin is synthesized as a polyubiquitin protein or as a protein fused at the carboxyl terminus to other polypeptides. An enzyme activity, ubiquitin protein peptidase, has been proposed to process these precursors by cleaving the peptide bond between adjoining ubiquitin molecules or between ubiquitin and the fused peptides. Using the cleavage of a 35S-labeled yeast ubiquitin protein fused to a synthetic 38-residue peptide obtained by in vivometabolic labeling in Escherichia coliin an expression system based on the interaction of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase and its promoter, it is possible to detect a processing activity in soluble yeast extract. The specificity of the cleavage suggests this activity could be the in vivoprocessing activity for various ubiquitin precursor proteins in yeast cells. A similarly labeled ubiquitin protein fused to one cysteine residue was also utilized to detect an activity capable of removing a single cysteine residue from ubiquitin in a soluble extract. Employing assays based on the cleavage of labeled ubiquitin protein fusions, a ubiquitin protein peptidase activity from Saccharomyces cerevisiaewas purified about 15,000-fold to yield a protein mixture consisting of only a few protein species. The major protein band which comigrated with the activities in in vitroassays has an apparent molecular weight of 29,000 when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two other protein species, about 20,000 and 10,000 in molecular weight, also comigrated with the in vitroactivities throughout the purification procedure. Though our most purified protein fraction was shown to cleave various artificial ubiquitin protein fusions under our experimental conditions, it cannot cleave a ubiquitin dimer protein, suggesting the existence of functionally distinct ubiquitin protein peptidases. Our experimental protocol for preparing various labeled ubiquitin protein precursors provides a means to explore various processing enzymes existing in cells. The same protocol may also be adapted to prepare substrates for the study of other specific protein processing enzymes.

Published
1989
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