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Di era globalisasi ini, semua industri harus mampu bersaing di pasar global agar tetap kompetitif. Pasar global yang intense telah mendorong semua industri untuk terus meningkatkan daya saing mereka. Diantara semua sektor industri, industri manufaktur merupakan salah satu industri yang sangat menentukan dalam meningkatkan perekonomian dan pendapatan nasional. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan tinjauan pustaka tentang penerapan QFD dalam industri manufaktur dan memberikan pengetahuan kontekstual sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan penerapan QFD dalam industri manufaktur. Metode yang digunakan adalah sistematik literatur review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa QFD merupakan suatu pendekatan yang dapat membantu perusahaan meningkatkan kualitas baik layanan maupun produk dengan menerjemahkan keinginan konsumen ke dalam karakteristik teknis perusahaan. Dari hasil kajian literatur yang dianalisis, fokus utama QFD adalah pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produk pada industri manufaktur agar dapat menghasilkan keluaran sesuai dengan selera dan keinginan konsumen dimana QFD telah berkembang menjadi alat yang ampuh untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan dan produk yang berfokus pada kebutuhan pelanggan.

The lack of motivation to learn in class IX-G SMPN 2 Jatinangor Sumedang Regency in learning mathematics causes student learning outcomes in curved side shapes material to be not optimal. This can be indicated based on the initial evaluation of low student learning outcomes, out of 35 students in the class there are only about 53% who have mastery learning, addressing these problems then applied learning with a project based learning model. The type of research conducted was classroom action research which was carried out through four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research activities were carried out based on the observation instrument of student and teacher activities. meeting. Based on the research data after applying the project based learning learning method, it was concluded that student motivation in cycle I reached 58.2% and increased in cycle II with an average score of 74.4% in the high category. The increase in student learning motivation had an impact on student learning outcomes, which in cycle I obtained an average class score of 63.75, increasing to 68.50 in cycle II with classical completeness reaching 86%. The increase in student activity in the learning process was supported by the increased accuracy of the procedure for implementing the actions carried out by the teacher, based on observations of teacher activity in cycle I obtained a score of 2.8 and increased to 4.2 in the good category in cycle II. The results of this study are recommended to other mathematics teachers in implementing the project based learning model, which is adapted to the character and conditions of the class when learning is carried out. ABSTRAKKurangnya motivasi belajar siswa kelas IX-G SMPN 2 Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang terhadap pembelajaran matematika menyebabkan hasil belajar siswa dalam materi bangun ruang sisi lengkung menjadi tidak maksimal, Hal ini dapat diindikasikan berdasarkan evaluasi awal terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang rendah, dari 35 orang siswa di kelas tersebut, hanya terdapat sekitar 53% yang memiliki ketuntasan belajar, menyikapi permasalahan tersebut maka diterapkan pembelajaran dengan model project based learning. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan melalui empat tahapan yaiti perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi, kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan berpedoman pada instrumen observasi kegiatan siswa dan guru, Penelitian tersebut dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus yang masing-masing siklusnya dilakukan dalam dua kali pertemuan. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian setelah penerapan metode pembelajaran project based learning diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai58,2% dan meningkat pada siklus II dengan perolehan rata-rata skor 74,4% dalam kategori tinggi. Peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa tersebut berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa yang pada siklus I memperoleh skor rata-rata kelas mencapai 63,75 meningkat menjadi 68,50 pada siklus II dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 86%. Meningkatnya aktivitas siswa dalam proses pembelajaran didukung oleh meningkatnya ketepatan prosedur pelaksanaan tindakan yang dilakukan guru, berdasarkan hasil pengamatan terhadap aktivitas guru pada siklus I memperoleh skor 2,8 dan meningkat menjadi 4,2 dengan kategori baik pada siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini direkomendasikan kepada guru matematika lainnya dalam menerapkan model project based learning, yang disesuaikan dengan karakter dan kondisi kelas pada saat pembelajaran dilaksanakan.

This study was conducted to determine whether (1) native English-speaking teachers can increase students' learning motivation in speaking skills, (2) English-speaking teachers can improve students’ achievement in spoken English, (3) there is a significant difference in learning achievement between students who are taught by English-speaking teachers and those who are taught by non-native-speaking teachers. This study used a mix of quantitative and qualitative research techniques. Quantitative data was obtained from speaking skill tests with predetermined criteria, while qualitative data was obtained from a questionnaire that is adopted from [1]. A total of 80 students from class XI of a public high school in Sukabumi Regency Indonesia participated in this study. The results show that native English-speaking teachers can increase students' learning motivation in speaking skills. They can also improve the students’ achievement in spoken English, and there is a significant difference in learning achievement between students who are taught by English-speaking teachers and those who are taught by non-native-speaking teachers. This implies that English-speaking teachers play a very important role in improving students’ motivation and in developing students’ achivement.

This study aims to describe the role of Islamic education in the style of Kiai Haji (K.H.) Asnawi in the social changes of Banten society in 1870-1945, where the focus of the discussion is to compare people's lives before and after getting the influence of Islamic education from K.H. Asnawi. This study also seeks to provide theoretical benefits in the form of knowledge contributions regarding the history of education in Banten and practical benefits by making readers aware of the importance of Islamic education for the people of Banten. This research used historical methods consisting of topic selection, source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and writing. The results showed that the Islamic education of K.H. Asnawi positively impacted the people of Banten in the form of religious life following the Qadiriyahwa Naqsabandiyah Order and encouraging resistance to the Dutch

Stunting menunjukkan kekurangan gizi kronis yang terjadi selama periode paling awal pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.“Tidak hanya tubuh pendek, stunting memiliki banyak dampak buruk untuk anak.“Prevalensi stunting selama 10 tahun terakhir menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan yang signifikan dan ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah stunting perlu ditangani segera“.“Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 menunjukkan 30,8 persen atau sekitar 7 juta balita menderita stunting“.Tahun 2018, Wakil Presiden H. M. Yusuf Kalla meluncurkan Tikar Pertumbuhan di Kelurahan Manahan, Kecamatan Banjarsari, Kota Surakarta, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Tikar Pertumbuhan digunakan untuk mengukur tinggi anak di bawah usia dua tahun. Kemudian Tikar Pertumbuhan tersebut telah diuji coba pada 13 (tiga belas) Desa di-4 (empat) Kabupaten prioritas diantaranya Cianjur, Gorontalo, Maluku Tengah, dan Ketapang pada tahun 2018. Pada Tahun 2019 Tikar Pertumbuhan diimplementasikan secara Nasional pada 74.954 Desa dan 8.213 Kelurahan di seluruh Indonesia. Untuk mendeteksi stunting dengan cara sederhana bisa dilakukan oleh kader kesehatan dengan menggunakan tikar pertumbuhan.“Tikar pertumbuhan adalah alat untuk mengetahui apakah seorang anak tergolong stunting ataukah tidak. Jika tumit kaki seorang anak berada di garis hijau, menandakan pertumbuhan baik, jika kuning berarti anak ada gejala menuju stunting, dan jika berada di garis merah berarti menandakan anak teridentifikasi stunting. Adapun tujuan dari kegiatan Pelatihan penggunaan tikar pertumbuhan adalah melatih para kader kesehatan untuk dapat mendeteksi dini stunting menggunakan tikar pertumbuhan. Adapun upaya yang dilakukan Melakukan identifikasi kader kesehatan, bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data sejauhmana pemahaman kader kesehatan mengenai stunting, dengan cara wawancara dan pre test mengenai stunting , melakukan penyuluhan, memberikan pelatihan mengenai deteksi dini stunting menggunakan tikar pertumbuhan, melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi program yang telah dilakukan. Peserta yang hadir dalam pelatihan deteksi dini stunting menggunakan tikar pertumbuhan sebanyak 34 orang, terdiri dari ketua RT 04, ketua kader posyandu, tokoh masyakat, kader posyandu dan warga atau ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita di RT 04 RW 01 Kelurahan Bambu Apus Cipayung Jakarta Timur. Narasumber pertama memberikan materi tentang stunting dan narasumber ke dua memberikan pelatihan cara deteksi dini stunting menggunakan tikar pertumbuhan. “Peserta berpartisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan ini“.Kata kunci : Stunting, tikar pertumbuhan, pelatihan, kader kesehatan.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of law students in learning English and the value of language skills in English Specific Purposes (ESP), since we believe that ESP courses can assist students become more proficient in their field of study. This study was conducted at Nusa Putra University's Department of Law in Indonesia during the academic year 2020/2021. The participants in the study were given an ESP lesson once a week. The course lasted 14 weeks. Each meeting lasted 50 minutes. The survey included 40 male and female law students, as well as four departmental lecturers. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. The findings revealed that the participants consider ESP classes to be extremely significant for their studies and future careers, and that they have a strong desire to take ESP courses and to improve their English language skills. Specific terminology is a barrier to efficient communication in English when it comes to the necessity of language skills in ESP. As a result, a greater emphasis on vocabulary development should be placed. After reviewing all of the study findings, we are certain that they can assist Law Department instructors in developing ESP curriculum that can be used by both learners and teachers. Keywords: Needs analysis; Law Department; ESP course; Language skills.

Tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja adalah salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seksual remaja pranikah. Fenomena yang terjadi dalam satu dekade ini telah menunjukkan perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja diberbagai provinsi di Indonesia semakin bertambah dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan remaja mengetai tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada remaja tersebut memberi dampak negative pada remaja seperti kehamilan, pernikahan pada usia muda serta tingkat aborsi yang cukup tinggi sehingga memberi dampak buruk terhadap kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Promosi Kesehatan Reproduksi terhadap tingkat pengetahuan Remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan quasi-eksperimental one group pre and posttest design yang dengan responden sebanyak 35 sampel, pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden sebelum dan sesudah diberikan promosi kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan Paired Sample T-Tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum diberikan promosi kesehatan paling besar pada kategori baik sebesar 74% dan setelah diberikan promosi kesehatan tingkat pengetahuan responden paling besar pada kategori baik sebesar 83%. Analisis menunjukkan hasil nilai p=0,000 (p

This study aims to provide views related to the formation of professional teacher competencies through interaction on the current realities. The method used in this research was qualitative descriptive method. Data was collected directly through interviews which were then analyzed through literature review with theories that have occurred among the teaching profession. The results of this study are expected to be able to describe how to form teachers’ personality in accordance with the character competence of the teachers. The output that can be generated is that teachers can implement himself as a teacher who has a high work ethic, has noble character and of course has a character in accordance with the essence of a teacher himself. The importance of a teacher to be able to interact socially in order to be able to solve problems that occur in the community so that the results of learning in students can be realized in everyday life.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui metode Student Created Case Studies (SCCS) terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada konsep pencemaran lingkungan di SMAN Satu Baros. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi seluruh siswa kelas X SMAN Satu Baros. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas X3 yang ditentukan dengan teknik simple random sampling . Kemampuan kognitif siswa diukur menggunakan tes pilihan ganda, afektif diukur menggunakan angket dan psikomotor diukur menggunakan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata kemampuan kognitif siswa yaitu sebesar 70 dengan kategori baik, afektif sebesar 77,72 dengan kategori baik dan psikomotor sebesar 93,93 dengan kategori sangat baik. Penelitian kami menyimpulkan bahwa metode SCCS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan kategori baik sampai sangat baik. Kata kunci: Metode SC CS, Hasil Belajar, Pencemaran Lingkungan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) apakah menonton film efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pronunciation dan (2) tanggapan siswa terhadap penggunaan film dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pronunciation mereka.. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif di Sekolah Menengah Atas Swasta di Sukabumi. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA 1 dan X IPA 2 yang berjumlah 60 siswa. Data dikumpulkan dari tes dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan film dalam pembelajaran pronunciation tidak begitu berarti. Namun, siswa menyambut positif film sebagai media pembelajaran. Selain itu, penggunaan film dalam kegiatan belajar terbukti meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar film dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan.

The lead contamination of the environment affects the life of organisms, as the quality of the environment influences and determines the quality of living things, both plants and animals. Therefore, remediations need to be taken so that the polluted land could be repurposed for various activities safely. Phytoremediation is a method that employs plants to move, detach, or stabilize pollutants in the form of eitherorganic or inorganic compounds. In this study, the Croton (Codiaeum varigatum) plant was used as a phytoremediator planted in pots. Three pots were observed:500 mg of Pb (NO3)2 was added to the first (T1) pot, 750 mg (T2) of Pb (NO3)2 was added up to the second (T2) pot, and no addition to the third (T0) pot. The parameters analyzed included plant biomass, the Pb content in plants, bioaccumulation factors, translocation factors, metal tolerance index, and photosynthetic pigment content. The results showed that Pb affected all of the analyzed parameters. Pb causes a decrease in the plant biomass and a downturn in chlorophyll a and b. The Pb accumulation in root > stem > leaf. The BAF value

The purpose of this study is to uncover sociological and cultural conclusions about community dynamics in various dimensions. The method used in this research is to conduct a literature review relating to the historical trajectory of Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) as a primary data source. Besides, an analysis of various data and information obtained from literature and journals as a source of secondary data. Based on the results of data and information processing, it is concluding that NU, as a social organization in the religious, social movement, has a significant contribution to the socio-religious dimension. Contributions include spiritual, social, educational, environmental, and economic preservation, including improving communication between scholars, improving the quality of Islamic schools, selecting books studied in Islamic boarding schools, and establishing bodies to support agricultural activities and Muslim trade.

The aims of this study is to identify and analyze the relationship between school principal visionary leadership and teacher’s self-efficacy toward teacher’s organizational commitment. The study used a survey method. Population of 223 teachers, and a sample of 143 teachers. Data collected by questionnaire technique. Data analyzed with correlation and regression techniques. The results showed that: 1) there is a positive and significant relationship between the visionary leadership of the head teacher of the school with organizational commitment; 2) there is a positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy with organizational commitment of teachers; and 3) there is a positive and significant relationship between the visionary leadership of the principal and teacher self-efficacy simultaneously with organizational commitment of teachers. Its impliaction, the teacher organizational commitment can be enhanced through the visionary leadership of the principal and teacher self-efficacy.

The Law on Health does not explicitly explain mediation in resolving a dispute between a doctor and a patient, so there are still many disputes that go directly to litigation, so the number of cases piles up in court. The method used in this paper uses a normative legal type method, with a statutory approach, using primary legal materials, by collecting data by literature study, then analyzed using qualitative methods. Disciplinary sanctions imposed on violations of physician discipline as stated in Law No. 29 of 2004 article 69 in the form of a written warning, revocation of the registration certificate or practice license, and the obligation to attend medical or dental education.

Learning approach is the first step toward the learning process that based, inspires and becomes a background of learning methods with specitif theoretical scope. CTL is learning that related daily life context to find new insight. The end of this research is to know the result of the e examination result in Primary School. The sampling use non probability sampling technic. It was based on researched subjective asessment toward students characteristic. The data collection used test and non test technic (quesioner). This researdh is quasi experimental research. The subject war the students of V grade of SDN 147/IV Jambi City consisting of experimental class 5A and controll class 5B, the number of participants is 61 students. The research result showed: 1) CTL approach give more significant effect than expository methode approch towards the learning result, 2) the students with higher creativity have higher learning result than students with low creativity, 3) the students with higher creativity using CTL approach have higher natural science learning research than students with high creativity using expository learning menthode, 4) learner who have low creativity are taught to approach CTL higher learning results of students who are teaching method in ekspository, 5) there is no significant interarctive effects betwen CTL approach and expositoty methode and teh creativity of natural science learning result. Based on the result: it is highly reconed that teachers, expecially natural science teachers in Primary School to apply CTL approach in their learning process and give space for the development of student creativity.

The objective of this paper is to find out and illustrate the concept of branding that comply with Islamic law. The research method used in this study is a literature review, with books and journals as the main data sources, while using the view point of the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijtihad of the scholars, and other scientific works that related to the research. This study introduces the concept of branding that comply with sharia law that covers the role of branding in business, i.e.: as a differentiator, as an advertisement and appeal, as an image-building tool and as a market controller. Branding ethics in Islam including positive image, Islamic products, fair prices, Islamic brands and advertisement variables that have been adapted to comply the rules of Islamic muamalah, and various examples of branding practices in Indonesia that is sharia compliant, for example: Rabbani brand, Wardah cosmetics, and Sofyan hotel. In this case, branding practice that comply with Islamic ethics is not just an idealistic theory, but it can realistically be applied on practice and has been proven to yield positive brand image and loyality from their consumers.

Herlina L, Reflinur, Sobir, Maharijaya A, Wiyono S. 2019. The genetic diversity and population structure of shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) in Indonesia based on R gene-derived markers. Biodiversitas 20: 696-703. Molecular markers are very useful for determining plant genetic diversity, especially when they are associated with useful traits. In shallots, type of markers still very limited. Therefore, development of new molecular markers is challenging if the future demand for this crop is to be met. The present study reports the genetic diversity analysis of 36 accessions of shallots using molecular markers derived from partial R gene sequences. Six polymorphic R gene-derived markers (Acepa-1, Acepa-2, Acepa-3, Acepa-4, Acepa-5, and Acepa-6) were developed and applied to analyze the genetic diversity of shallots in Indonesia. These loci produced a total of 963 alleles with an average of 0.51 + 0.77 alleles per marker. The polymorphic information content value ranged from 0.2784 to 0.5236 with an average of 0.36015. The markers were able to differentiate the shallot genotypes into three major clusters, suggesting that shallots are characterized by poor levels of genetic diversity in Indonesia. After further validation, the markers will be very useful, serving as tools to support the breeding of disease-resistant shallot varieties.

The purpose of this study is to identify improvements in teacher innovation through the role of global leadership and efficacy. A qualitative approach is used, and the study focuses on research teachers and principals. Data collection in this study was performed via observation interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis was carried out through 3 activity lines: data reduction; data presentation; and conclusion drawing. The results of the study suggest that the role of global leadership is very important to improve teacher innovation in classroom learning. Global leadership encourages teachers to improve the efficacy of their teaching methods and has implications for improving teacher innovation. Keywords: teacher innovation, global leadership, self-efficacy

Herlina L, Istiaji B. 2020. The use of effector gene based-markers to facilitate identification of Fusarium sp. infected shallot in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4677-4685. One of the most important diseases and become challenge in breeding resistant variety of shallots in Indonesia is Fusarium disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOC). To discriminate the F. oxysporum into forma speciales is uneasy, often managed through laborious and time-intensive disease assays., therefore molecular approaches become the most relevant choice. FOCs from Indonesia were examined by molecular criteria based on putative and effector genes-based markers, i.e.: SIX-genes, C5-gene, and CRX1-2-genes. The alignment analysis discovered some regions which sequences highly contained conserved bases, while amplification result bands vary in size, between 400 - 500 bp. The combined of 7 SIX-genes primers and 3 effector primers (C5 and CRX1-2) used in the clustering analysis of 15 FOC isolates in this study showed that they succeeded in separating 15 FOC isolates into 4 groups through NTSys. Clustering analysis showed that those markers succeeded in grouping 15 FOC isolates into different clades (by coefficient of similarity: 0.69). Phylogenetic analysis based on CRX genes sequence as putative effector genes confirmed that CRX1 and CRX2 genes were able to classify the FOC into their forma speciales. Those effectors genes are potential to serve as marker-templates to facilitate identification of FOC which infested shallots in Indonesia.

The purpose of this study is to identify the fight against brawl culture in high schools (SMA) through the implementation of character education in the Child Friendly School policy. The approach used is qualitative with the object of research teachers and principals. Data collection in this study uses interviews, observation and recommendation studies. Based on research results found that through good character education management that involves teachers and principals as examples in the application of character education, it can encourage students not to fight.

At first, social media came as a solution for the community to facilitate communication and interaction virtually. However, due to the absence of strict regulation, it later changed into a means to spread the utterances of hate in the form of certain terms. The term cannot be understood by everyone. Therefore, researchers tried to dismantle the terms used, namely in terms of meaning and also the ideology of the use of the term. As for the term utterance of hatred which is used as material for analysis, among them are the short axis people, the people of the flat earth, the people of napkins, the children of the tablecloths, the children of the lewd, the children of camels / camel urine, the people of the micin, the children of cebong, the children of the camps, and the children of the negligee. The analysis was carried out using Fairclough's theory namely the dimensions of the text, discourse practice and social practice. Meanwhile, to dismantle its ideology is by using the theory of Jagger and F. Maier which consists of context, output of text, means of rhetoric, content and ideological statements, peculiarities and positions of discourse.

Increasing productivity of soybean has often been constrained by pod sucking bugs (Riptortus spp.) which caused a serious damage and yield losses up to 80%. Breeding for obtaining soybean variety resistant to pod suckers needs the availability of soybean germplasm resistant to the pest. The study aimed to obtain a candidate for soybean variety resistant to Riptortus spp. through the selection of 100 accessions of soybean. The study included the preparation of test plants and test insects, pest infestations, observations, and looking for a practical screening method for pod sucking pests. The experiment used a completely randomized design for two treatments (infested and non-infested Riptortus spp.). Cikuray variety and PI-092734 accession were used as a control. Results showed that there was a very low correlation among variables observed. Twelve soybean accessions showed a resistance to Riptortus spp., i.e. C7301-113AC-POP, Lokal Madiun-3549, Lokal Klungkung, ML.2974, Singgalang, Lokal Jepara, Lokal Jatim, Lokal Trenggalek, Lokal Tulungagung, Lokal Tabanan, Lokal Blitar, and Lokal Kuningan 10. These accessions were more resistant than the popular released variety such as Wilis, Grobogan, Detam 2, and Gepak Ijo. Small seed size was not a major determinant of soybean resistance to pod suckers. The addition of observational components, i.e. probing preference and oviposition, indicated that crop damage was indirectly influenced by the high frequency of probing and oviposition, although its relation to plant tolerant mechanisms still needs further investigation. Indeterminate plant types require further validation as to whether they contribute significantly to plant resistance against pod sucking insects.

Herlina L, Pukan KK, Mustikaningtyas D. 2017. The endophytic bacteria producing IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) in Arachis hypogaea. Cell Bio Dev 1: 31-35. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria living in plant tissue and forming colony without harms the host. Every cormophyte, plants that have a stem and root, may contain some endophytic bacteria which can produce biological compounds or secondary metabolites. The objective of the study was to obtain endophytic bacteria isolates from peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea) at three locations, and to test in vitro the ability of endophytic bacteria isolates for producing IAA, and also to analyze IAA on the growth and development of mungbean plants. The study was carried out in three stages; the first was the isolation of endophytic bacteria from the leaves, stems, and roots; the second was the test of in vitro endophytic bacteria isolates to know the ability of IAA production. IAA assay was measured by using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 535 nm, and the third was the introduction of IAA-producing endophytic bacteria in mungbean. The parameters observed were the length of sprouts and the number of lateral roots. The results showed that 16 isolates were selected based on IAA-producing ability. The isolates could produce different IAA with different morphological characteristics. After the fourth day of incubation, the highest and the lowest of IAA amount were 69.68 (mg L-1) and 8.50 (mg L-1) respectively. Isolates that produce high IAA levels are applied to mungbeans, it affects the number of lateral roots but it does not have effect on the length of the sprouts. DM and K1K1 isolates have the effect of increasing lateral root formation and are expected to be potential sources of bioactive metabolites.

Precision medicine dapat dikembangkan dengan menentukan asosiasi antara data genomic yang direpresentasikan oleh Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) dan fenotipe dari penyakit diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (T2D). SNP adalah penanda yang berjumlah sangat banyak. Untuk itu, diperlukan proses pengurutan dan penapisan sebelum dilakukan asosiasi. Tujuan makalah ini adalah melakukan asosiasi SNP dengan fenotipe T2D. Pemeringkatan SNP dilakukan untuk memilih SNP yang signifikan berdasarkan importance score . SNP yang terpilih diasosiasikan dengan fenotipe T2D dan dilakukan pemeriksaan epistatis (interaksi antar SNP). Metode yang digunakan adalah random forest regression . Makalah ini menghasilkan 301 SNP yang signifikan. Sepuluh SNP terbaik memiliki asosiasi dengan lima buah kandidat protein T2D. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa model asosiasi yang diusulkan memiliki nilai Mean Absolute Error (MAE) sebesar 0,062. Hasil evaluasi ini menunjukkan keberhasilan metode random forest regression dalam melakukan asosiasi antara SNP dan fenotipe T2D serta memeriksa epistatis antar dua buah SNP.

Challenges in maize production in Indonesia have led to the importance of assembling high yield varieties of maize. To create superior maize varieties requires genetic material particularly inbred lines as the basic material for setting population to perform crossing and selection. The research aims to characterize the quantitative and qualitative characters of 50 inbred maize which contributed to high yield and also to determine the uniformity of the tested inbred lines. A randomized group design with 3 replications was performed. Based on the results, characters with the highest variance were the number of seeds per ear and 1000 bulk weight. There were five characters with high heritability, including ear diameter, number of seeds per ear, ear wet weight, ear dry weight, and dry seed weight. The highest heritability was obtained from dry seed weight, while the lowest heritability was the number of lines per ear. The accession with the highest dry seed weight was P4G19(S)C2-114-3-1-2 (70 g), accession with the largest ear diameter and the highest number of seeds per ear was P4G19(S)C2-15-1-1-4, and the one with the largest ear dry weight was P4G18(S)C2-18-1-1. The results of the analysis on qualitative characters showed that the variation was still high within the tested lines.