20 results on '"Lera, F."'
Search Results
2. Accurately locating a vertical magnetic dipole buried in a conducting earth
- Author
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Ayuso, N., Cuchi, J.A., Lera, F., and Villarroel, J.L.
- Subjects
Magnetic dipoles -- Analysis ,Geomagnetism -- Analysis ,Kalman filtering -- Usage ,Magnetic fields -- Analysis ,Business ,Earth sciences ,Electronics and electrical industries - Published
- 2010
3. Analysis of quench initiation in YBCO coated conductors using optical interferometric techniques
- Author
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Angurel, L.A., Martinez, E., Lera, F., Recuero, S., Andres, N., Arroyo, M.P., Yi-Yuan Xie, and Selvamanickam, V.
- Subjects
Barium compounds -- Electric properties ,Barium compounds -- Magnetic properties ,Copper oxide superconductors -- Electric properties ,Copper oxide superconductors -- Magnetic properties ,Electric fields -- Analysis ,Interferometers -- Usage ,Yttrium -- Electric properties ,Yttrium -- Magnetic properties ,Business ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Published
- 2009
4. Advances towards the rolling processing of long BSCCO tapes
- Author
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Miao, H., Lera, F., Larrea, A., Fuente, G.F. de la, and Navarro, R.
- Subjects
Superconductors -- Design and construction ,Magnetic tapes -- Design and construction ,Business ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Abstract
A powder-in-tube technique using cold rolling, drawing and annealing processes was utilized in fabricating uniform long length silver-clad monofilamentary BSCCO tapes. EDX, XRD, image analysis and scanning electron microscopy were employed in analyzing the effects of the starting BSCCO powders, the packing technique and the Ag addition. Electrical transport measurements reveal average values of Jc=12 kA/cm2 with a dispersion of +/-5% over a 1 m length.
- Published
- 1997
5. TDR-LAB 2.0: Improved TDR software for soil water content and electrical conductivity measurements
- Author
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Fatás, E., Vicente, José, Latorre Garcés, Borja, Lera, F., Viñals, V., López Sánchez, María Victoria, Blanco-Moure, Nuria, Peña Sancho, Carolina, González-Cebollada, César, Moret-Fernández, David, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Diputación General de Aragón, and La Caixa
- Abstract
Trabajo presentado en las XI Jornadas de Investigación en la Zona No Saturada del Suelo celebradas en Lugo del 6 al 8 de noviembre de 2013., [ES]: La técnica de Reflectometría de Dominio Temporal (TDR) permite estimar la humedad (θ) y la conductividad eléctrica aparente del suelo (σa). Esta comunicación presenta una nueva versión del programa TDR-Lab para la medida de θ y σa. El TDR-Lab 2.0 es compatible con tres ecómetros TDR diferentes y puede conectarse a multiplexores SDMX50 (Campbell Sci). Puede estimar θ y σa por métodos gráficos y numéricos y incluye nuevas aplicaciones para la medida de niveles de agua, potencial mátrico o conductividad eléctrica de la solución del suelo. Está disponible en una versión ligera que trabaja con ficheros XML y una versión completa que centraliza los datos en una base SQL. Una robusta interface de importación-exportación de datos permite comunicar ambas versiones., [EN]: Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a widely used technique that allows real time estimation of soil volumetric water content (θ), and bulk electrical conductivity (σa). This work presents an enhanced release of TDR-Lab, software which controls instrumentation for measurements of θ and σa. TDR-Lab 2.0 supports three different TDR equipments and can be connected to a multiplexing system (SDMX50, Campbell Sci). Graphical or numerical methods can be used for the estimation of θ and σa. Additional features to carry out water-surface-level measurements such as matric potential and soil solution electrical conductivity are also available. A little and a full release, for field and laboratory applications have been developed. The light version works with XML-files instead of the SQL database engine of the extended TDRLab. A robust import/export graphical user interface facilitates transferring projects between the centralized SQL database and XML files., This research was supported by the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia of Spain (grant AGL2010-22050-C03-02) and DGA- Obra social La Caixa (Grants: 2012/ GA LC 074).
- Published
- 2013
6. Cámara de presión por TDR para la medida de la curva de retención de agua en muestras inalteradas de suelo
- Author
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Moret-Fernández, David, Vicente, José, Latorre Garcés, Borja, Castañeda del Álamo, Carmen, Paracuellos Planas, Elena, and Lera, F.
- Abstract
6 Pagss. 2 Tabls, 5 Figs., [EN] The water retention curve (θ(ψ)), which defines the relationship between soil volumetric water content (θ) and matric potential (ψ), is of paramount importance in characterizing the hydraulic behavior of soils. We present a design of TDR-pressure cell (TDRCell) for estimating θ(ψ) in undisturbed soil samples. The TDR-Cell consists of a 50-mm-long and 50-mm internal diameter stainless steel cylinder attached to a porous ceramic disc and closed at the ends with two aluminum lids. A 49-mm-long and 3-mm-diameter stainless steel rod, which runs longitudinally through the centre of the cylinder, constitutes the inner rod of a coaxial TDR probe. The TDR-Cell was used to determine the θ(ψ) curves of packed sand and seven undisturbed soil samples from three profiles of agricultural soils. These θ(ψ) curves were subsequently compared to those obtained from the corresponding 2-mm sieved soils using the pressure plate method. An excellent correlation (R2 = 0.988) was found between the θ values measured by TDR on the different undisturbed soils and the corresponding θ obtained from the soil gravimetric water content. A typical bimodal θ(ψ) function was found for most of the undisturbed soil samples. Comparison between the θ(ψ) curves measured with the TDR-Cell and those obtained from the 2-mm sieved soils showed that the pressure plate method overestimates θ at low ψ values., [ES] La curva de retención de agua en el suelo, θ(ψ), definida como la relación entre el contenido volumétrico de agua en el suelo (θ) y el potencial mátrico (ψ), es una propiedad fundamental para caracterizar el comportamiento hidráulico del suelo. Este trabajo presenta un diseño de cámara de presión por TDR (Celda-TDR) para la medida de θ(ψ) en muestras intactas de suelo. Esta cámara consiste en un cilindro de acero inoxidable de 50 mm de longitud y 50 mm diámetro interno, que reposa sobre un disco cerámico y cerrado por los dos extremos con dos tapas de aluminio perforadas. La tapa superior tiene insertada una varilla de acero inoxidable de 49 mm de longitud y 3 mm de diámetro que cruza longitudinalmente el centro del cilindro. Ambos elementos, cilindro y varilla, conforman una sonda coaxial cilíndrica que permite medir la humedad del suelo contenido en la cámara de presión. Se efectuó un primer experimento de laboratorio para comprobar la fiabilidad el método TDR para la medida de θ. Posteriormente se estimó, utilizando la Celda-TDR, la curva de retención de siete muestras de suelo inalterado procedentes de los horizontes genéticos de tres calicatas. Las curvas θ(ψ) obtenidas con la Celda-TDR fueron posteriormente comparadas con las obtenidas sobre las mismas muestras de suelo tamizadas a 2 mm de diámetro utilizando el método clásico de las ollas de presión. La correlación entre θ medida por TDR y el método gravimétrico fue excelente (R2 = 0.988). Las curvas θ(ψ) obtenidas con la Celda-TDR en las muestras de suelo inalterado muestran un claro comportamiento bimodal. Sin embargo, se observaron grandes diferencias entre θ(ψ) medida en las muestras inalteradas de suelo y las obtenidas en el suelo tamizado, dando estas últimas una clara sobreestimación de θ en condiciones próximas a saturación., El presente trabajo ha sido financiado por la Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (proyectos: AGL2007-66320- CO2-02/AGR) CSIC (Proyectos: PIE-200840I214 and 2008401246) y DGA- Obra social La Caixa (Proyectos: GA-LC-010/2008; GA-LC-006- 2008).
- Published
- 2011
7. TDR pressure cell for monitoring water content retention and bulk electrical conductivity curves in undisturbed soil samples
- Author
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Moret-Fernández, David, Vicente, José, Latorre Garcés, Borja, Lera, F., Castañeda del Álamo, Carmen, López Sánchez, María Victoria, and Herrero Isern, Juan
- Subjects
Hydrology ,Soil test ,Electrical resistivity and conductivity ,Volumetric water content ,Environmental science ,Soil science ,Pressure plate extractor ,Coaxial cell ,Water content ,Pressure cell ,Water Science and Technology ,Time domain reflectometry - Abstract
30 Pags., 4 Tabls., 5 Figs.-- The .pdf file is the last author version.-- The definitive version is avalaible at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1085, The water retention curve (θ(ψ)), which defines the relationship between soil volumetric water content (θ) and matric potential (ψ), is of paramount importance in characterizing the hydraulic behaviour of soils. However, few methods are so far available for estimating θ(ψ) in undisturbed soil samples. We present a new design of TDR-pressure cell (TDR-Cell) for estimating θ(ψ) in undisturbed soil samples. The TDR-Cell consists of a 50-mm-long and 50-mm internal diameter stainless steel cylinder (which constitutes the outer frame of a coaxial line) attached to a porous ceramic disc and closed at the ends with two aluminium lids. A 49-mm-long and 3-mm-diameter stainless steel rod, which runs longitudinally through the centre of the cylinder, constitutes the inner rod of a coaxial TDR probe. The TDR-Cell was used to determine the θ(ψ) curves of a packed sand and seven undisturbed soil samples from three profiles of agricultural soils. These θ(ψ) curves were subsequently compared to those obtained from the corresponding 2-mm sieved soils using the pressure plate method. Measurements of bulk electrical conductivity, σa, as a function of the water content, σa(θ), of the undisturbed soil samples were also performed. An excellent correlation (R2 = 0·988) was found between the θ values measured by TDR on the different undisturbed soils and the corresponding θ obtained from the soil gravimetric water content. A typical bimodal θ(ψ) function was found for most of the undisturbed soil samples. Comparison between the θ(ψ) curves measured with the TDR-Cell and those obtained from the 2-mm sieved soils showed that the pressure plate method overestimates θ at low ψ values. The σa(θ) relationship was well described by a simple power expression (R2 > 0·95), in which the power factor, defined as tortuosity, ranged between 1·18 and 3·75., This research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Inovación (Grants: AGL2007-66320-CO2-02/AGR), CSIC (Grants: PIE-200840I214 and 2008401246) and DGA-Obra social La Caixa (Grants: GA-LC-010/2008; GA-LC-006-2008).
- Published
- 2011
8. Measurement of soil bulk electrical conductivity in saline soils and solutions using TDR probes partially coated with high-dielectric material
- Author
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Moret-Fernández, David, Lera, F., Arrúe Ugarte, José Luis, and López Sánchez, María Victoria
- Subjects
GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) - Abstract
The definitive version is available at: http://vzj.scijournals.org/, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a valuable technique that allows simultaneous estimation of the apparent permittivity (a) and the bulk electrical conductivity (a). However, in highly conductive media the signal is completely attenuated which precludes permittivity measurements. This paper shows that a can be estimated in conductive media by applying the long-time TDR waveform analysis to a TDR probe partially insulated with a high-dielectric coating. Four 10-cm-long three-rod TDR probes with identical geometry but different percentages of rod-coating were tested: an uncoated sensor (P0) and probes with 50% (P50), 75% (P75) and 95% (P95) of the rod-length, respectively, coated with an insulator with a relative permittivity (r) equal to 32.3. A good relationship (r2 = 0.99) was found between the a estimated, if possible, with P0 immersed in several conductive and nonconductive media and the corresponding values estimated with P50, P75 and P95. The cell constant value (m-1) for P0 (5.10), P50 (9.60), P75 (16.92) and P95 (51.31), which were experimentally determined in different NaCl-water solutions, were on average 10% greater than the corresponding values calculated using a numerical model. The results show that, for a values ranging between 0.4 and 0.75 S m-1, simultaneous measurements of a and a were only possible using the partially coated probes. A good correlation was found between the a estimated with P0 inserted in different soil columns wetted with highly saline solutions (i.e. a > 0.2 S m-1) and those values estimated with P50, P75 and P95 (R2 = 0.96, RMSE = 1.08 and SD = 0.38). For a values lower than 0.2 S m-1 the accuracy of the partially coated TDR probes for estimations of a decreases as increases the percentage of the rod-coating, with errors up to 292% when a determined by P95 was compared to that estimated by P0., This research was supported by the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología of Spain (grant AGL2007-66320-CO2-02/AGR) and the European Union (FEDER funds).
- Published
- 2009
9. Modeling and applications of through-the-earth magnetic field propagation
- Author
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Villarroel, José Luis, Lera, F., Ayuso, Natalia, Villarroel, José Luis, Lera, F., and Ayuso, Natalia
- Abstract
La propagación de los campos electromagnéticos a través de la tierra es fundamental en aplicaciones subterráneas como localización, comunicaciones de emergencia en entornos confinados como minas o cuevas, y el uso de métodos electromagnéticos en geofísica. Los modelos clásicos de propagación tradicionalmente utilizados en este tipo de aplicaciones son el espacio libre, infinito disipativo, semi-espacio infinito y estratificado para medios lineales, homogéneos e isótropos horizontalmente estratificados. Desde principios del siglo XX se conocen estudios sobre la propagación de los campos electromagnéticos en presencia de un medio conductor, sin embargo, la investigación estuvo muy condicionada por la capacidad de cómputo debido a que las soluciones en integrales de Sommerfeld son difíciles de evaluar. Además, las investigaciones se centraron en formular sólo unos casos de interés y como resultado, no se disponía de una formulación que pudiera ser utilizada en un caso general. Por otro lado, la validación de las expresiones y su evaluación había sido escasa y más aún, prácticamente no existían estudios experimentales que analizaran la exactitud de estos modelos con la realidad. Esto último queda justificado por la dificultad de acometer las pruebas de campo necesarias. En este contexto, la presente tesis ha dado como resultado una formulación general para los modelos de propagación antes indicados para un dipolo magnético en posición vertical y horizontal. Así, se han derivado las soluciones correspondientes a una fuente con orientación arbitraria o un interfaz inclinado. Las expresiones han sido programadas en MATLAB y se ha desarrollado un algoritmo que permite su evaluación numérica de forma precisa y eficiente en un computador de sobremesa. Todo ello ha sido validado exhaustivamente mediante el uso del Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM) y experimentalmente en escenarios reales. Este estudio ha permitido determinar la bondad de los modelos analíticos y FEM para un es, Además, se ha propuesto una nueva técnica para sistematizar el proceso de localización y minimizar el error, así como establecer la incertidumbre del resultado. Dicha técnica está basada en el uso de aparatos topográficos de alta precisión y de técnicas de estimación. El método propuesto ha sido validado en una situación real. Finalmente, los modelos de propagación se han aplicado a las técnicas de búsqueda con ARVAs. Dicho método está basado en las propiedades del campo magnético en la zona de campo próximo. Mediante simulaciones, se ha analizado la validez de dicha aproximación y se han determinado los modelos de propagación más adecuados para esta aplicación. Además, se han cuantificado los errores en los métodos actuales debidos a la inclinación del emisor y a su profundidad. Por último, se han realizado diversas propuestas para mejorar los sistemas de búsqueda existentes.
- Published
- 2010
10. Accurately locating a vertical magnetic dipole buried in a conducting earth
- Author
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Ayuso, Natalia, Cuchí-Oterino, José Antonio, Lera, F., Ayuso, Natalia, Cuchí-Oterino, José Antonio, and Lera, F.
- Abstract
The use of a buried vertical magnetic dipole to determine the position of a point inside the Earth is based on the geometric structure of the measured field. A new systematic technique that improves the location accuracy of the surface point in the axis of the buried dipole is developed and tested. It is based on the use of state-of-the-art topographic equipment for the null-field direction measurements, that are further processed by two estimation algorithms, namely, the extended information filter and the extended Kalman filter. In addition, emphasis is placed on the study of the sources of error in order to establish the accuracy of the method. This analysis is conducted in a half-space model in which electromagnetic propagation is studied by numerical integration of analytical solutions. The results are confirmed by a direct solution of the problem by the finite-element method. From the computations, simple equations are provided for practical use. Then, an experimental study shows that the uncertainty of the null-field direction measurements can be modeled by a Gaussian probability density function. In addition, the data of the field experiment are used to validate the proposed subsurface location technique.
- Published
- 2010
11. Application of Optical Techniques in the Characterization of Thermal Stability and Environmental Degradation in High Temperature Superconductors
- Author
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Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Angurel, Luis A., Andrés, Nieves, Arroyo, M. Pilar, Recuero, S., Martínez, Elena, Pelegrín, J., Lera, F., Andrés Gimeno, José Manuel, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Angurel, Luis A., Andrés, Nieves, Arroyo, M. Pilar, Recuero, S., Martínez, Elena, Pelegrín, J., Lera, F., and Andrés Gimeno, José Manuel
- Published
- 2010
12. Soil Bulk Electrical Conductivity Measurement using High-Dielectric Coated Time Domain Reflectometry Probes
- Author
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Moret-Fernández, David, Merino, R. I., Lera, F., López Sánchez, María Victoria, Arrúe Ugarte, José Luis, Moret-Fernández, David, Merino, R. I., Lera, F., López Sánchez, María Victoria, and Arrúe Ugarte, José Luis
- Abstract
Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a technique that allows simultaneous estimates of apparent permittivity (a) and hence volumetric water content () and bulk electrical conductivity (a). Difficulties arise for and a determination, however, when uncoated TDR probes (UP) are used in highly conductive media. This work shows that a can be estimated in highly conductive media using a TDR probe coated with a high-dielectric insulator (CP). To this end, the Dalton method for a estimations was applied to a 10-cm-long three-rod TDR probe insulated with a 0.2-mm-thick epoxy-ceramic composite coating with a relative permittivity, r, of 32.3. This method was calibrated on different NaCl–water solutions (0–15 dS m–1) and compared with the standard long-time TDR method for a estimations using an UP. The method was subsequently used for determining a in four different soils with different values of and a (0–6 dS m–1) and again compared with the standard TDR procedure. The low error (RMSE = 1.5) for the comparison between the a measured with the CP and that calculated with the analytical solution for coaxial probes indicates that the CP is accurate enough for a estimations. For a values <4 dS m–1, the UP allows determinations of a and the most accurate estimations of a using the standard TDR method (R2 = 0.99). For higher a values, however, estimations of a were only possible using the CP, where a was satisfactorily determined (R2 = 0.99) using the Dalton method. To this end, a previous calibration between the real and the apparent bulk electrical conductivity estimated with the CP was required.
- Published
- 2009
13. TDR-LAB 2.0 Improved TDR Software for Soil Water Content and Electrical Conductivity Measurements
- Author
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Fatás, E., primary, Vicente, J., additional, Latorre, B., additional, Lera, F., additional, Viñals, V., additional, López, M.V., additional, Blanco, N., additional, Peña, C., additional, González-Cebollada, C., additional, and Moret-Fernández, D., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Laser technologies applied to the fabrication and characterization of bulk Bi-2212 superconducting materials for power applications
- Author
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Angurel, Luis A., Diez, J. C., Fuente, Germán F. de la, Gimeno, F., Lera, F., López-Gascón, Clarisa, Martínez, Elena, Mora Alfonso, Mario, Navarro, Rafael, Sotelo, Andres, Andrés, Nieves, Recuero, S., Arroyo, M. Pilar, Angurel, Luis A., Diez, J. C., Fuente, Germán F. de la, Gimeno, F., Lera, F., López-Gascón, Clarisa, Martínez, Elena, Mora Alfonso, Mario, Navarro, Rafael, Sotelo, Andres, Andrés, Nieves, Recuero, S., and Arroyo, M. Pilar
- Abstract
Lasers are adequate tools in the processing and characterization of materials. The Applied Superconductivity group at the Aragón Materials Science Institute has been applying different laser techniques in the processing, machining and characterization of bulk high temperature superconductors for high power applications. Textured bulk Bi-2212 superconductors have been obtained using laser melting zone techniques. We have produced thin bars, monoliths and coatings on metallic and ceramic substrates. Ablation techniques have been used to machine the samples with the required shape for technological applications. And finally, optical techniques have been used as non-destructive experiments to detect the location of hot-spots and the positions where environmental degradation starts. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
- Published
- 2006
15. Quench development and propagation in metal/MgB2 conductors
- Author
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Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), European Commission, Martínez, Elena, Lera, F., Martínez-López, M., Yang, Y., Schlachter, S. I., Lezza, P., Kováč, P., Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), European Commission, Martínez, Elena, Lera, F., Martínez-López, M., Yang, Y., Schlachter, S. I., Lezza, P., and Kováč, P.
- Abstract
The thermal stability of different Fe- and Ni-sheathed MgB2 conductors has been studied experimentally and numerically, focusing on the estimation of the quench propagation velocities, vp, minimum quench energies (MQEs) and minimum propagating zones (MPZs). The measurements have been done at self-field and under adiabatic conditions, at variable temperatures and transport currents. Energy pulses were deposited to the conductor by passing rectangular current pulses through a graphite-based epoxy heater. The measured voltage around the heater together with numerical simulation allows the estimation of the minimum propagating zone. Moreover, vp was obtained by measuring multiple voltage taps and thermocouples attached along the conductor. The effect of the current sharing temperatures, Ic(T), of the superconductor, and thermal and electrical properties of the metal sheath have been analysed. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the simulated ones, obtained by solving the one-dimensional heat balance equation of the system.
- Published
- 2005
16. Calculation of effective inductances of superconducting devices. Application to the cryogenic current comparator
- Author
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Sese, J., primary, Lera, F., additional, Camon, A., additional, and Rillo, C., additional
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Progress in the establishment of a Josephson voltage standard at the Spanish TPA
- Author
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Camon, A., primary, Lopez, M., additional, Lera, F., additional, Pinto, P., additional, Lorenzo, L., additional, Lamana, J.M., additional, Rillo, C., additional, and Navarro, R., additional
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Modeling and applications of through-the-earth magnetic field propagation
- Author
-
Ayuso, Natalia, Villarroel, José Luis, and Lera, F.
- Abstract
La propagación de los campos electromagnéticos a través de la tierra es fundamental en aplicaciones subterráneas como localización, comunicaciones de emergencia en entornos confinados como minas o cuevas, y el uso de métodos electromagnéticos en geofísica. Los modelos clásicos de propagación tradicionalmente utilizados en este tipo de aplicaciones son el espacio libre, infinito disipativo, semi-espacio infinito y estratificado para medios lineales, homogéneos e isótropos horizontalmente estratificados. Desde principios del siglo XX se conocen estudios sobre la propagación de los campos electromagnéticos en presencia de un medio conductor, sin embargo, la investigación estuvo muy condicionada por la capacidad de cómputo debido a que las soluciones en integrales de Sommerfeld son difíciles de evaluar. Además, las investigaciones se centraron en formular sólo unos casos de interés y como resultado, no se disponía de una formulación que pudiera ser utilizada en un caso general. Por otro lado, la validación de las expresiones y su evaluación había sido escasa y más aún, prácticamente no existían estudios experimentales que analizaran la exactitud de estos modelos con la realidad. Esto último queda justificado por la dificultad de acometer las pruebas de campo necesarias. En este contexto, la presente tesis ha dado como resultado una formulación general para los modelos de propagación antes indicados para un dipolo magnético en posición vertical y horizontal. Así, se han derivado las soluciones correspondientes a una fuente con orientación arbitraria o un interfaz inclinado. Las expresiones han sido programadas en MATLAB y se ha desarrollado un algoritmo que permite su evaluación numérica de forma precisa y eficiente en un computador de sobremesa. Todo ello ha sido validado exhaustivamente mediante el uso del Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM) y experimentalmente en escenarios reales. Este estudio ha permitido determinar la bondad de los modelos analíticos y FEM para un escenario complejo y la influencia del relieve y de la conductividad eléctrica del suelo. Con esta base, la parte de aplicación de la tesis se ha centrado en mejorar las técnicas de localización subterránea y búsqueda de víctimas de avalanchas de nieve mediante dispositivos electromagnéticos conocidos como ARVAs. Así, se ha mejorado la precisión del método de localización subterránea clásico basado en la medida de la dirección de los nulos del campo magnético para establecer la posición en superficie de un dipolo magnético vertical enterrado. El modelo de propagación semi-espacio infinito ha permitido analizar los errores debidos a la inclinación del interfaz tierra-aire y de la fuente. Como resultado se ha establecido la influencia de ambos en la precisión de la localización y se ha indicado una metodología para minimizar el error. Por otro lado, se ha modelado experimentalmente el error debido a la incertidumbre en la medida de la dirección de los nulos del campo magnético como una distribución Gaussiana., Además, se ha propuesto una nueva técnica para sistematizar el proceso de localización y minimizar el error, así como establecer la incertidumbre del resultado. Dicha técnica está basada en el uso de aparatos topográficos de alta precisión y de técnicas de estimación. El método propuesto ha sido validado en una situación real. Finalmente, los modelos de propagación se han aplicado a las técnicas de búsqueda con ARVAs. Dicho método está basado en las propiedades del campo magnético en la zona de campo próximo. Mediante simulaciones, se ha analizado la validez de dicha aproximación y se han determinado los modelos de propagación más adecuados para esta aplicación. Además, se han cuantificado los errores en los métodos actuales debidos a la inclinación del emisor y a su profundidad. Por último, se han realizado diversas propuestas para mejorar los sistemas de búsqueda existentes.
- Published
- 2010
19. [ Wolbachia pipientis infections in populations of Aedes albopictus in the city of València (Spain): implications for mosquito control.]
- Author
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Bueno-Marí R, Domínguez-Santos R, Trelis M, Garrote-Sánchez E, Cholvi M, Quero de Lera F, Khoubbane M, Marcilla A, and Gil R
- Subjects
- Adult, Male, Animals, Humans, Mosquito Control, Spain epidemiology, Aedes, Wolbachia
- Abstract
Objective: The presence of Aedes albopictus , of high sanitary and social impact, was first reported in Valencia (Eastern Spain) in 2015. Innovative tools for its control include the use of the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis . The release of mosquito males infected with the w Pip strain, has proven very promising for large-scale Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) applications. Before this strategy can be implemented in Valencia, it is important to know whether the natural local mosquito populations are Wolbachia -infected and, if so, identifying the infecting strains/supergroups, these being the objectives of the present work., Methods: Eggs were collected from the 19 districts of the València city between May and October 2019. A total of 50 lab-reared adult Ae. albopictus individuals were processed and analyzed for Wolbachia detection and molecular characterization. These actions took place within the framework of a collaboration established with the Department of Health and Consumer Affairs of the city council of Valencia. Fisher's exact test was used to detect the statistical significance of the differences between groups., Results: Our study revealed that 94% of the analyzed samples were naturally infected with Wolbachia . Both w AlbA and w AlbB supergroups were identified, with most samples (72% of the infected ones) carrying co-infections., Conclusions: These data provide the first characterization of the Wolbachia presence in natural populations of Ae. albopictus in the Mediterranean area of Spain. This information is relevant to evaluate the potential use of Wolbachia strains in order to achieve the suppression of the Asian tiger mosquito populations through massive release of artificially-infected males., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
- Published
- 2023
20. [Vector management of arbovirosis cases notified in the city of Valencia, Spain (2016-2018).]
- Author
-
Bueno Marí R and Quero de Lera F
- Subjects
- Animals, Chikungunya Fever epidemiology, Cities epidemiology, Dengue epidemiology, Humans, Spain epidemiology, Zika Virus Infection epidemiology, Aedes virology, Chikungunya Fever prevention & control, Dengue prevention & control, Mosquito Control, Mosquito Vectors virology, Zika Virus Infection prevention & control
- Abstract
Objective: Environmental management of imported arboviruses such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) or Chikungunya (CHIKV) is a task of great significance for Public Health since the arrival and establishment of the competent vector Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) in numerous cities of our country. There are recent examples of autochthonous transmission of some of these arboviruses in Spain probably linked to undetected and / or unmanaged imported cases., Methods: Vector management interventions were carried out in the city of Valencia (Spain) by the Health Service of the Valencia City Council between 2016 and 2018. These actions took place within the framework of a coordination protocol established with the Health authorities of the Valencia regional government., Results: A total of 21 arbovirus cases were reported and led to entomological surveillance and vector control interventions in the city of Valencia: 8 DENV, 7 CHIKV and 6 ZIKV. In 8 of these 21 cases (38%) the presence of Ae. Albopictus was detected within the risk zones established for each case., Conclusions: Vector surveillance and control strategies associated with imported cases of arboviruses, provide accurate information on the environmental risks of amplification of these viruses and also allow reducing these risks through population control of vectors. Due to the short duration of the viremic phases, these interventions should be carried out as quickly as possible in order to reduce the hypothetical contact between the infected person and vector as much as possible.
- Published
- 2021
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