31 results on '"Leite, Marina S."'
Search Results
2. Optical Tunability and Characterization of Mg–Al, Mg–Ti, and Mg–Ni Alloy Hydrides for Dynamic Color Switching Devices
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Palm, Kevin J, Karahadian, Micah E, Leite, Marina S, and Munday, Jeremy N
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Affordable and Clean Energy ,optical properties ,alloys ,thin film ,Mg ,metal hydride ,switchable optical devices ,Chemical Sciences ,Engineering ,Nanoscience & Nanotechnology - Abstract
Mg shows great potential as a metal hydride for switchable optical response and hydrogen detection due to its ability to stably incorporate significant amounts of hydrogen into its lattice. However, this thermodynamic stability makes hydrogen removal difficult. By alloying Mg with secondary elements, the hydrogenation kinetics can be increased. Here, we report the dynamic optical, loading, and stress properties of three Mg alloy systems (Mg-Al, Mg-Ti, and Mg-Ni) and present several novel phenomena and three distinct device designs that can be achieved with them. We find that these materials all have large deviations in refractive index when exposed to H2 gas, with a wide range of potential properties in the hydride state. The magnitude and sign of the optical property change for each of the alloys are similar, but the differences have dramatic effects on device design. We show that Mg-Ti alloys perform well as both switchable windows and broadband switchable light absorbers, where Mg0.87Ti0.13 and Mg0.85Ti0.15 can achieve a 40% transmission change as a switchable window and a 55% absorption change as a switchable solar absorber. We also show how different alloys can be used for dynamically tunable color filters, where both the reflected and transmitted colors depend on the hydrogenation state. We demonstrate how small changes in the alloy composition (e.g., with Mg-Ni) can lead to dramatically different color responses upon hydrogenation (red-shifting vs blue-shifting of the resonance). Our results establish the potential for these Mg alloys in a variety of applications relating to hydrogen storage, detection, and optical devices, which are necessary for a future hydrogen economy.
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- 2023
3. Efficient hot carrier dynamics in near-infrared photocatalytic metals
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Villegas, Cesar E. P., Leite, Marina S., Marini, Andrea, and Rocha, A. R.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Photoexcited metals can produce highly-energetic hot carriers whose controlled generation and extraction is a promising avenue for technological applications. While hot carrier dynamics in Au-group metals have been widely investigated, a microscopic description of the dynamics of photoexcited carriers in the mid-infrared and near-infrared Pt-group metals range is still scarce. Since these materials are widely used in catalysis and, more recently, in plasmonic catalysis, their microscopic carrier dynamics characterization is crucial. We employ \emph{ab initio} many-body perturbation theory to investigate the hot carrier generation, relaxation times, and mean free path in bulk Pd and Pt. We show that the direct optical transitions of photoexcited carriers in this metals are mainly generated in the near-infrared range. We also find that the electron-phonon mass enhancement parameter for Pt is 16 $\%$ higher than Pd, a result that help explains several experimental results showing diverse trends. Moreover, we predict that Pd (Pt) hot electrons possess total relaxation times of up to 35 fs (24 fs), taking place at approximately 0.5 eV (1.0 eV) above the Fermi energy. Finally, an efficient hot electron generation and extraction can be achieved in nanofilms of Pd (110) and Pd (100) when subject to excitation energies ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 eV., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
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- 2022
- Full Text
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4. Quantitative predictions of photo-emission dynamics in metal halide perovskites via machine learning
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Howard, John M., Wang, Qiong, Lee, Erica, Lahoti, Richa, Gong, Tao, Srivastava, Meghna, Abate, Antonio, and Leite, Marina S.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
Metal halide perovskite (MHP) optoelectronics may become a viable alternative to standard Si-based technologies, but the current lack of long-term stability precludes their commercial adoption. Exposure to standard operational stressors (light, temperature, bias, oxygen, and water) often instigate optical and electronic dynamics, calling for a systematic investigation into MHP photophysical processes and the development of quantitative models for their prediction. We resolve the moisture-driven light emission dynamics for both methylammonium lead tribromide and triiodide thin films as a function of relative humidity (rH). With the humidity and photoluminescence time series, we train recurrent neural networks and establish their ability to quantitatively predict the path of future light emission with <11% error over 12 hours. Together, our in situ rH-PL measurements and machine learning forecasting models provide a framework for the rational design of future stable perovskite devices and, thus, a faster transition towards commercial applications.
- Published
- 2020
5. Control of hot-carrier relaxation time in Au-Ag thin films through alloying
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Memarzadeh, Sarvenaz, Palm, Kevin J., Murphy, Thomas E., Leite, Marina S., and Munday, Jeremy N.
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Physics - Optics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
The plasmon resonance of a structure is primarily dictated by its optical properties and geometry, which can be modified to enable hot-carrier photodetectors with superior performance. Recently, metal-alloys have played a prominent role in tuning the resonance of plasmonic structures through chemical composition engineering. However, it has been unclear how alloying modifies the time dynamics of generated hot-carriers. In this work, we elucidate the role of chemical composition on the relaxation time of hot-carriers for the archetypal Aux Ag1-x thin-film system. Through time-resolved optical spectroscopy measurements in the visible wavelength range, we measure composition-dependent relaxation times that vary up to 8x for constant pump fluency. Surprisingly, we find that the addition of 2% of Ag into Au films can increase the hot carrier lifetime by approximately 35% under fixed fluence, as a result of a decrease in optical loss. Further, the relaxation time is found to be inversely proportional to the imaginary part of the permittivity. Our results indicate that alloying is a promising approach to effectively control hot-carrier relaxation time in metals.
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- 2020
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6. Is Mallampati classification a good screening test? A prospective cohort evaluating the predictive values of Mallampati test at different thresholds
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de Carvalho, Cl.ístenes C., da Silva, Danielle M., Leite, Marina S., and de Orange, Fl..via A.
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- 2022
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7. Machine Learning for Perovskites' Reap-Rest-Recovery Cycle
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Howard, John M., Tennyson, Elizabeth M., Neves, Bernardo R.A., and Leite, Marina S.
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- 2019
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8. Emerging opportunities for hybrid perovskite solar cells using machine learning
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Hering, Abigail R., primary, Dubey, Mansha, additional, and Leite, Marina S., additional
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- 2023
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9. Achieving Scalable Near‐Zero‐Index Materials
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Palm, Kevin J., primary, Gong, Tao, additional, Shelden, Calum, additional, Deniz, Ece, additional, Krayer, Lisa J., additional, Leite, Marina S., additional, and Munday, Jeremy N., additional
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- 2022
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10. Is Mallampati classification a good screening test? A prospective cohort evaluating the predictive values of Mallampati test at different thresholds
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de Carvalho, Clístenes C., primary, Silva, Danielle M. da, additional, Leite, Marina S., additional, and de Orange, Flávia A., additional
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- 2021
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11. Selective etching properties of Mg thin films and micro/nanostructures for dynamic photonics [Invited]
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Farinha, Thomas G., primary, Gong, Tao, additional, Lyu, Peifen, additional, Deniz, Ece, additional, Hoerauf, John M., additional, and Leite, Marina S., additional
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- 2021
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12. Control of hot-carrier relaxation time in Au-Ag thin films through alloying
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Memarzadeh, Sarvenaz, primary, Palm, Kevin J., additional, Murphy, Thomas E., additional, Leite, Marina S., additional, and Munday, Jeremy N., additional
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- 2020
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13. New Microscopic Methods for the Functional Imaging of Energy Materials at the Nanoscale
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Leite, Marina S., primary
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- 2018
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14. Li Diffusion in All-Solid-State Batteries Imaged Through Optical and Electron Transparent Electrodes
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Yulaev, Alexander, primary, Alec Talin, A., additional, Leite, Marina S., additional, and Kolmakov, Andrei, additional
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- 2016
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15. New Microscopic Methods for the Functional Imaging of Energy Materials at the Nanoscale.
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Leite, Marina S.
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- 2019
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16. Photophysical Processes in Metal Halide Perovskites
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- 2021
17. Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures
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Khenkin, Mark V., Katz, Eugene A., Abate, Antonio, Bardizza, Giorgio, Berry, Joseph J., Brabec, Christoph, Brunetti, Francesca, Bulovi��, Vladimir, Burlingame, Quinn, Di Carlo, Aldo, Cheacharoen, Rongrong, Cheng, Yi-Bing, Colsmann, Alexander, Cros, Stephane, Domanski, Konrad, Dusza, Micha��, Fell, Christopher J., Forrest, Stephen R., Galagan, Yulia, Di Girolamo, Diego, Gr��tzel, Michael, Hagfeldt, Anders, Von Hauff, Elizabeth, Hoppe, Harald, Kettle, Jeff, K��bler, Hans, Leite, Marina S., Liu, Shengzhong, Loo, Yueh-Lin, Luther, Joseph M., Ma, Chang-Qi, Madsen, Morten, Manceau, Matthieu, Matheron, Muriel, McGehee, Michael, Meitzner, Rico, Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja, Nogueira, Ana Flavia, Odaba����, ��a��la, Osherov, Anna, Park, Nam-Gyu, Reese, Matthew O., De Rossi, Francesca, Saliba, Michael, Schubert, Ulrich S., Snaith, Henry J., Stranks, Samuel D., Tress, Wolfgang, Troshin, Pavel A., Turkovic, Vida, Veenstra, Sjoerd, Visoly-Fisher, Iris, Walsh, Aron, Watson, Trystan, Xie, Haibing, Y��ld��r��m, Ramazan, Zakeeruddin, Shaik Mohammed, Zhu, Kai, and Lira-Cantu, Monica
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13. Climate action ,7. Clean energy - Abstract
Improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is critical to the deployment of this technology. Despite the great emphasis laid on stability-related investigations, publications lack consistency in experimental procedures and parameters reported. It is therefore challenging to reproduce and compare results and thereby develop a deep understanding of degradation mechanisms. Here, we report a consensus between researchers in the field on procedures for testing perovskite solar cell stability, which are based on the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols. We propose additional procedures to account for properties specific to PSCs such as ion redistribution under electric fields, reversible degradation and to distinguish ambient-induced degradation from other stress factors. These protocols are not intended as a replacement of the existing qualification standards, but rather they aim to unify the stability assessment and to understand failure modes. Finally, we identify key procedural information which we suggest reporting in publications to improve reproducibility and enable large data set analysis.
18. 100 mm Engineered InP-on-Si Laminate Substrates for InP-based Multijunction Solar Cells
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Atwater, Harry [California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)]
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- 2012
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19. Photophysical Processes in Metal Halide Perovskites
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Marina S. Leite, Hernán Míguez, Míguez, Hernán, Leite, Marina S., Míguez, Hernán [0000-0003-2925-6360], and Leite, Marina S. [0000-0003-4888-8195]
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Metal ,Materials science ,visual_art ,Inorganic chemistry ,education ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Halide ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2021
20. Dynamics in Metal Halide Perovskites for Optoelectronics
- Abstract
A diverse portfolio of renewable energy technologies is required to limit global warming to less than 2 ◦C. Of the possible emissions-free options, photovoltaic (PV) technologies can be most widely deployed, given the abundance of the solar resource compared. As with all power generation sources, PV adoption is predicated on the availability of technology solutions that are both inexpensive and highly efficient. One solar cell material, the metal halide perovskites (MHP), may provide the ideal combination, with > 25% efficiency devices within the first decade since their invention fabricated through simple spin coating. Despite the unprecedented rise in MHP performance, stability remains a critical challenge with the most stable devices at the 1-year benchmark compared to the >25-year lifetime of Si-based PV. Further progress concerning enduring power output will require a fundamental understanding of the impact of environmental stressors (light, temperature, bias, oxygen, and water) on the basic physical processes governing solar cell operation. Therefore, my dissertation elucidates the interplay between the ambient environment and MHP composition on both the optical and electrical behavior using in situ methods. The first part of my thesis elucidates the time-dependent optical and elec- tronic response of different MHP compositions using different in situ microscopy techniques. I capture the transient photovoltage of both Br- and I-containing per- ovskites for different photon energies using heterodyne Kelvin probe measurements. My measurements demonstrate that the voltage rise (light ON) is 104× faster than the subsequent decay (light OFF). Uniquely, the decay time for the residual voltage depends on the excitation wavelength, but only for the MAPbBr3 thin film. Next, I spatially and temporally resolve the relationship between radiative recombination and relative humidity (rH) for multi-cation films. The time-dependent photolumi- nescence (PL) indicates that the
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- 2020
21. Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures
- Abstract
Improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is critical to the deployment of this technology. Despite the great emphasis laid on stability-related investigations, publications lack consistency in experimental procedures and parameters reported. It is therefore challenging to reproduce and compare results and thereby develop a deep understanding of degradation mechanisms. Here, we report a consensus between researchers in the field on procedures for testing perovskite solar cell stability, which are based on the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols. We propose additional procedures to account for properties specific to PSCs such as ion redistribution under electric fields, reversible degradation and to distinguish ambient-induced degradation from other stress factors. These protocols are not intended as a replacement of the existing qualification standards, but rather they aim to unify the stability assessment and to understand failure modes. Finally, we identify key procedural information which we suggest reporting in publications to improve reproducibility and enable large data set analysis.
- Published
- 2020
22. Functional imaging of photovoltaic materials at the nanoscale
- Abstract
The ideal photovoltaic technology for global deployment must exhibit two key attributes: (i) high power-conversion efficiency, enabling a solar panel with a large power output per area and, (ii) low-cost/W, due to either being derived from earth-abundant materials and/or ease of fabrication. For the past two decades, extensive efforts have been made to boost the efficiency of some of the most promising high performance and low-cost photovoltaic materials, such as CdTe, Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS), and hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites, to achieve higher efficiency devices. However, improvement in the overall performance is still limited by the open-circuit voltage (Voc). All of the solar cell materials listed above are composed of grains and grain boundaries on the order of micro- and nanometers, respectively, and their nanoscale interfaces can cause electrical charge carriers to become trapped and recombine non-radiatively, reducing the Voc. Therefore, in this thesis, I implement high spatial resolution functional imaging techniques to resolve the local voltage variations in the thin-lm polycrystalline and hybrid perovskites materials for photovoltaic applications. First, I spectrally and spatially resolve the local photovoltage of CIGS solar cells through confocal optical microscopy to build a qualitative voltage tomography. From these photovoltage results, I discover variations in the electrical response of >20% that are also on the same length scale as the grains composing the CIGS material. Therefore, by enhancing the spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit, the electronic properties of individual grains and the interfaces between the grains can be fully resolved. For this, I implement Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), and demonstrate a universal method to directly map the Voc of any photovoltaic material with nanoscale spatial resolution. Next, we extend this ability of KPFM to rapidly image (16 sec/map) the real-time dynamics of perovskite solar cells
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- 2018
23. Metals and Metallic Alloys for Energy Harvesting and Storage
- Abstract
Metals have been widely used for harvesting and storing energy in devices such as superabsorbers and Li-ion batteries. However, incorporating metals into a wider range of energy applications is severely limited by their intrinsic optical and electrochemical properties. Therefore, in this thesis, we provide a new class of metallic materials by forming binary mixtures of Ag, Au, Cu, and Al with novel physical properties for photonics, and a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental electrochemistry in Al and Si anode all-solid-state batteries for energy storage. The first part of my thesis focuses on developing metallic alloys with a tunable optical response. We realize a new family of metallic materials by alloying Ag, Au, and Cu with on-demand dielectric functions, which can be used in superabsorbers and hot carrier devices. We design and fabricate alloyed nanostructures with engineered optical response and spatially resolve the electric field distribution at the nanoscale by utilizing near-field scanning optical microscopy, which can potentially enhance the performance of optoelectronic devices. To understand the physical origin of the optical response of the alloys, we measure the valence band spectra and calculate the band structures of Ag-Au alloys, providing direct evidence that the change in the electronic bands is responsible for its optical property. Further, we obtain a photonic device with superior performance using metallic alloys. Specifically, an Al-Cu/Si bilayer superabsorber is reached in a lithography-free manner with maximum absorption > 99%, which can be used for energy harvesting. The second part of my thesis highlights the importance of understanding the reactions and ion distribution in energy storage devices. We inspect how the Al electrode surface changes upon cycling and directly map the Li distribution in 3-dimensions within all-solid-state batteries by implementing time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy. This research indicates
- Published
- 2018
24. IN-OPERANDO ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND SPECTROSCOPY OF INTERFACES THROUGH GRAPHENE-BASED MEMBRANES
- Abstract
Electron microscopy and spectroscopy (EMS) techniques enable (near-) surface and interfacial characterization of a variety of materials, providing insights into chemical/electrochemical and morphological information with nanoscale spatial resolution. However, the experimental realization of EMS in liquid/gaseous samples becomes problematic due to their incompatibility with high vacuum (HV) conditions. To perform EMS under elevated pressure conditions, electron transparent membranes made of thin C, SiO2 or/and Si3N4 are implemented to isolate a liquid/gas sample from HV environment. Nevertheless, even a few ten nanometer thick membrane deteriorates signal quality due to significant electron scattering. The other challenge of EMS consists in inaccessibility to probe solid state interfaces, e.g. solid-state Li-ion batteries, which makes their operando characterization problematic, limiting the analysis to ex situ and postmortem examination. The first part of my thesis focuses on developing an experimental platform for operando characterization of liquid interfaces through electron transparent membranes made of graphene (Gr)/graphene oxide (GO). The second part is dedicated to probing Li-ion transport at solid-state-battery surfaces and interfaces using ultrathin carbon anodes. I demonstrated the capability of GO to encapsulate samples with different chemical, physical, and biological properties and characterized them using EMS methods. I proposed and tested a new CVD-Gr transfer method using anthracene as a sacrificial layer. Characterization of transferred Gr revealed the advantages of our route with respect to a standard polymer based approach. A novel platform made of an array of Gr-capped liquid filled microcapsules was developed, allowing for a wide eld of view EMS. I showed the capability of conducting EMS analysis of liquid interfaces through Gr membranes using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, photoemission electron microscopy, and Auger electron spectrosco
- Published
- 2017
25. Consensus statement for stability assessment and reporting for perovskite photovoltaics based on ISOS procedures
- Author
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Francesca Brunetti, Christopher J. Fell, Stephen R. Forrest, Monica Lira-Cantu, Harald Hoppe, Aldo Di Carlo, Giorgio Bardizza, Nam-Gyu Park, Diego Di Girolamo, Rongrong Cheacharoen, Sjoerd Veenstra, Samuel D. Stranks, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin, Quinn Burlingame, çaǧla Odabaşı, Stéphane Cros, Konrad Domanski, Henry J. Snaith, Jeff Kettle, Matthew O. Reese, Christoph J. Brabec, Eugene A. Katz, Francesca De Rossi, Ramazan Yildirim, Vladimir Bulovic, Kai Zhu, Michael D. McGehee, Ana Flávia Nogueira, Wolfgang Tress, Muriel Matheron, Shaik M. Zakeeruddin, Vida Turkovic, Rico Meitzner, Ulrich S. Schubert, Mark V. Khenkin, Marina S. Leite, Alexander Colsmann, Yi-Bing Cheng, Joseph J. Berry, Yulia Galagan, Chang-Qi Ma, Pavel A. Troshin, Haibing Xie, Anders Hagfeldt, Michał Dusza, Morten Madsen, Hans Köbler, Antonio Abate, Iris Visoly-Fisher, Yueh-Lin Loo, Shengzhong Frank Liu, Anna Osherov, Michael Saliba, Elizabeth von Hauff, Trystan Watson, Aron Walsh, Joseph M. Luther, Matthieu Manceau, Michael Grätzel, Khenkin, MV [0000-0001-9201-0238], Katz, EA [0000-0001-6151-1603], Berry, JJ [0000-0003-3874-3582], Di Carlo, A [0000-0001-6828-2380], Colsmann, A [0000-0001-9221-9357], Domanski, K [0000-0002-8115-7696], Fell, CJ [0000-0003-2517-3445], Galagan, Y [0000-0002-3637-5459], Hagfeldt, A [0000-0001-6725-8856], Köbler, H [0000-0003-0230-6938], Leite, MS [0000-0003-4888-8195], Loo, YL [0000-0002-4284-0847], Luther, JM [0000-0002-4054-8244], Ma, CQ [0000-0002-9293-5027], Madsen, M [0000-0001-6503-0479], Matheron, M [0000-0002-4100-808X], McGehee, M [0000-0001-9609-9030], Nazeeruddin, MK [0000-0001-5955-4786], Nogueira, AF [0000-0002-0838-7962], Odabaşı, Ç [0000-0003-3552-6371], Park, NG [0000-0003-2368-6300], Saliba, M [0000-0002-6818-9781], Schubert, US [0000-0003-4978-4670], Snaith, HJ [0000-0001-8511-790X], Stranks, SD [0000-0002-8303-7292], Tress, W [0000-0002-4010-239X], Veenstra, S [0000-0003-3198-8069], Visoly-Fisher, I [0000-0001-6058-4712], Walsh, A [0000-0001-5460-7033], Watson, T [0000-0002-8015-1436], Yıldırım, R [0000-0001-5077-5689], Zhu, K [0000-0003-0908-3909], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation, European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Welsh Government, Russian Science Foundation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Science and Technology (South Korea), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Photo Conversion Materials, LaserLaB - Energy, Khenkin, Mark V. [0000-0001-9201-0238], Katz, Eugene A. [0000-0001-6151-1603], Berry, Joseph J. [0000-0003-3874-3582], Di Carlo, Aldo [0000-0001-6828-2380], Colsmann, Alexander [0000-0001-9221-9357], Domanski, Konrad [0000-0002-8115-7696], Fell, Christopher J. [0000-0003-2517-3445], Galagan, Yulia [0000-0002-3637-5459], Hagfeldt, Anders [0000-0001-6725-8856], Köbler, Hans [0000-0003-0230-6938], Leite, Marina S. [0000-0003-4888-8195], Loo, Yueh-Lin [0000-0002-4284-0847], Luther, Joseph M. [0000-0002-4054-8244], Ma, Chang-Qi [0000-0002-9293-5027], Madsen, Morten [0000-0001-6503-0479], Matheron, Muriel [0000-0002-4100-808X], McGehee, Michael [0000-0001-9609-9030], Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja [0000-0001-5955-4786], Nogueira, Ana Flavia [0000-0002-0838-7962], Odabaşı, Çağla [0000-0003-3552-6371], Park, Nam-Gyu [0000-0003-2368-6300], Saliba, Michael [0000-0002-6818-9781], Schubert, Ulrich S. [0000-0003-4978-4670], Snaith, Henry J. [0000-0001-8511-790X], Stranks, Samuel D. [0000-0002-8303-7292], Tress, Wolfgang [0000-0002-4010-239X], Veenstra, Sjoerd [0000-0003-3198-8069], Visoly-Fisher, Iris [0000-0001-6058-4712], Walsh, Aron [0000-0001-5460-7033], Watson, Trystan [0000-0002-8015-1436], Yıldırım, Ramazan [0000-0001-5077-5689], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-0908-3909], Khenkin, M. V., Katz, E. A., Abate, A., Bardizza, G., Berry, J. J., Brabec, C., Brunetti, F., Bulovic, V., Burlingame, Q., Di Carlo, A., Cheacharoen, R., Cheng, Y. -B., Colsmann, A., Cros, S., Domanski, K., Dusza, M., Fell, C. J., Forrest, S. R., Galagan, Y., Di Girolamo, D., Gratzel, M., Hagfeldt, A., von Hauff, E., Hoppe, H., Kettle, J., Kobler, H., Leite, M. S., Liu, S. F., Loo, Y. -L., Luther, J. M., Ma, C. -Q., Madsen, M., Manceau, M., Matheron, M., Mcgehee, M., Meitzner, R., Nazeeruddin, M. K., Nogueira, A. F., Odabasi, C., Osherov, A., Park, N. -G., Reese, M. O., De Rossi, F., Saliba, M., Schubert, U. S., Snaith, H. J., Stranks, S. D., Tress, W., Troshin, P. A., Turkovic, V., Veenstra, S., Visoly-Fisher, I., Walsh, A., Watson, T., Xie, H., Yildirim, R., Zakeeruddin, S. M., Zhu, K., and Lira-Cantu, M.
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Technology ,Computer science ,INDUCED DEGRADATION ,Settore ING-INF/01 ,Perovskite solar cell ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Stability assessment ,Photovoltaics ,LONG-TERM STABILITY ,40 Engineering ,Photovoltaic system ,OUTDOOR PERFORMANCE ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,LEAD IODIDE ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,4017 Mechanical Engineering ,0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Fuel Technology ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,ddc:620 ,4008 Electrical Engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Solar cells of the next generation ,EFFICIENCY ,Experimental procedure ,Energy & Fuels ,Materials Science ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Materials Science, Multidisciplinary ,PHOTOCHEMICAL STABILITY ,010402 general chemistry ,MAXIMUM POWER POINT ,LIGHT SOAKING ,Qualification standards ,ddc:330 ,SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy ,Induced degradation ,Engineering & allied operations ,639/4077 ,Science & Technology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,639/4077/909/4101/4096 ,639/4077/909/4101 ,639/4077/4072 ,Consensus Statement ,Ion redistribution ,Solar energy ,Degradation mechanism ,0104 chemical sciences ,0907 Environmental Engineering ,Long term stability ,13. Climate action ,Software deployment ,Organic photovoltaics ,639/4077/909 ,SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS ,business ,HYBRID ,consensus-statement - Abstract
Improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is critical to the deployment of this technology. Despite the great emphasis laid on stability-related investigations, publications lack consistency in experimental procedures and parameters reported. It is therefore challenging to reproduce and compare results and thereby develop a deep understanding of degradation mechanisms. Here, we report a consensus between researchers in the field on procedures for testing perovskite solar cell stability, which are based on the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols. We propose additional procedures to account for properties specific to PSCs such as ion redistribution under electric fields, reversible degradation and to distinguish ambient-induced degradation from other stress factors. These protocols are not intended as a replacement of the existing qualification standards, but rather they aim to unify the stability assessment and to understand failure modes. Finally, we identify key procedural information which we suggest reporting in publications to improve reproducibility and enable large data set analysis., This article is based upon work from COST Action StableNextSol MP1307 supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). M.V.K., E.A.K., V.B. and A.O. thank the financial support of the United States – Israel Binational Science Foundation (grant no. 2015757). E.A.K., A.A. and I.V.-F. acknowledge partial support from the SNaPSHoTs project in the framework of the German-Israeli bilateral R&D cooperation in the field of applied nanotechnology. M.S.L. thanks the financial support of National Science Foundation (ECCS, award #1610833). S.C., M.Manceau and M.Matheron thank the financial support of European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 763989 (APOLO project). F.D.R. and T.M.W. would like to acknowledge the support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the SPECIFIC Innovation and Knowledge Centre (EP/N020863/1) and express their gratitude to the Welsh Government for their support of the Ser Solar programme. P.A.T. acknowledges financial support from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-73-30020). J.K. acknowledges the support by the Solar Photovoltaic Academic Research Consortium II (SPARC II) project, gratefully funded by WEFO. M.K.N. acknowledges financial support from Innosuisse project 25590.1 PFNM-NM, Solaronix, Aubonne, Switzerland. C.-Q.M. would like to acknowledge The Bureau of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Sciences for the support of ISOS11 and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China for the financial support (no. 2016YFA0200700). N.G.P. acknowledges financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea under contracts NRF-2012M3A6A7054861 and NRF-2014M3A6A7060583 (Global Frontier R&D Program on Center for Multiscale Energy System). CSIRO’s contribution to this work was conducted with funding support from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) through its Advancing Renewables Program. A.F.N gratefully acknowledges support from FAPESP (Grant 2017/11986-5) and Shell and the strategic importance of the support given by ANP (Brazil’s National Oil, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency) through the R&D levy regulation. Y.-L.L. and Q.B. acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation under award no. 1824674. S.D.S. acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (HYPERION, grant agreement no. 756962), and the Royal Society and Tata Group (UF150033). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC, the manager and operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The authors (J.J.B, J.M.L., M.O.R, K.Z.) acknowledge support from the ‘De-risking halide perovskite solar cells’ program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technology Office. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. H.J.S. acknowledges the support of EPSRC UK, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. V.T. and M.Madsen acknowledge ‘Villum Foundation’ for funding of the project CompliantPV, under project no. 13365. M.Madsen acknowledges Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond, DFF FTP for funding of the project React-PV, no. 8022-00389B. M.G. and S.M.Z. thank the King Abdulaziz City for Science and technology (KACST) for financial support. S.V. acknowledges TKI-UE/Ministry of Economic Affairs for financial support of the TKI-UE toeslag project POP-ART (no. 1621103). RC thanks the grants for Development of New Faculty Staff, Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund. A.D.C. gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant agreement no. 785219-GrapheneCore2 and no. 764047-ESPResSo). M.L.C. and H.X. acknowledges the support from Spanish MINECO for the grant GraPErOs (ENE2016-79282-C5-2-R), the OrgEnergy Excellence Network CTQ2016-81911- REDT, the Agència de Gestiód’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) for the support to the consolidated Catalonia research group 2017 SGR 329 and the Xarxa de Referència en Materials Avançats per a l’Energia (Xarmae). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MINECO (Grant no. SEV-2017-0706) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
- Published
- 2020
26. Device modeling of an optimized monolithic all lattice-matched 3-junction solar cell with efficiency > 50%
- Abstract
Currently, there is a critical need for a photovoltaic design that will convert sunlight into electricity with practical efficiencies higher than 50%. Multijunction Solar Cells (MJSCs) are one of the most promising options to achieve ultra-high efficiencies. III–V compound semiconductors are generally used to fabricate MJSCs; however, limitations imposed by the lattice constants of available substrates strongly restrict which materials can be used for high-quality epitaxial growth. Herein we present an alternative design for an all lattice-matched monolithic 3-junction solar cell formed by (1.93 eV) InAlAs / (1.39 eV) InGaAsP / (0.94 eV) InGaAs, with 5.807 Å lattice constant. 1-dimensional device modeling for each individual subcell, as well as for the tandem device were performed under AM 1.5 direct illumination and concentrated sunlight. The role of concentration in each figure of merit was analyzed and Auger recombination was found to play an important role for high-injection levels. For a current match of 1.58 A/cm^2 we found that > 51% in efficiency can be achieved under 100-suns (with V_(oc)= 3.34 V). A detailed analysis of the effect of concentration on the device performance is presented.
- Published
- 2012
27. InAlAs epitaxial growth for wide band gap solar cells
- Abstract
We demonstrate high quality InAlAs epitaxial growth by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and wide band gap solar cell fabrication. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the crystalline quality of the epitaxial InAlAs grown. InAlAs solar cells lattice-matched to InP were grown and electrically characterized under AM 1.5 global 1-sun illumination. Window layers with different composition and, therefore, band gap energies were used to compare its effect on the overall device performance. In order to improve the electrical contact at the top window (Al-rich), an InGaAs cap layer was used. The resulting first generation of InAlAs solar cells showed an efficiency higher than 14 %, open circuit voltage of V_(oc) = 1 V, J_(sc) = 19.3 mA/cm^2, and maximum external quantum efficiency of 81%.
- Published
- 2011
28. First demonstration of monolithic InP-based InAlAs/InGaAsP/InGaAs triple junction solar cells
- Abstract
Spectrolab has demonstrated the first lattice matched InAlAs/InGaAsP/InGaAs triple junction solar cell grown on InP substrate. X-ray diffraction characterization shows high quality solar cell materials. Preliminary 1-sun AM1.5D testing of the triple junction solar cell shows promising results with an open circuit voltage (V_(oc)) of 1.8V, a short-circuit current density (J_(sc)) of 11.0 mA/cm^2, a fill factor of 64.4%, and a 1-sun AM1.5D efficiency of 13.8%. The same cell also passes 27-suns under concentration. Improvements in layer design and crystal quality of advanced features can further raise the 1-sun and concentrated AM1.5D conversion efficiency of the InP-based triple junction cell beyond 20%.
- Published
- 2011
29. Electrically pumped supermode Si/InGaAsP hybrid lasers
- Abstract
Supermode Si/InGaAsP hybrid lasers with a varying-width Si waveguide have been fabricated and shown to be superior to those lasers with a uniform-width Si waveguide. Edge emission images demonstrate mode evolution.
- Published
- 2010
30. Increased cell efficiency in InGaAs thin film solar cells with dielectric and metal back reflectors
- Abstract
Compound single junction and multijunction solar cells enable very high photovoltaic efficiencies by virtue of employing different band gap materials in seriesconnected tandem cells to access the full solar spectrum. Researchers focused on improving the electrical properties of solar cells by optimizing the material growth conditions, however relatively little work to date has been devoted to light trapping and enhanced absorption in III-V compound solar cells using back reflectors. We studied absorption enhancement in InGaAs and InGaAsP thin film solar cells by means of numerical modeling. Flat dielectric and metal back reflectors that might be introduced into the solar cell via wafer-bonding, epitaxial lift-off or deposition techniques have been shown to increase the short circuit current and the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells.
- Published
- 2010
31. Increased cell efficiency in InGaAs thin film solar cells with dielectric and metal back reflectors
- Abstract
Compound single junction and multijunction solar cells enable very high photovoltaic efficiencies by virtue of employing different band gap materials in series-connected tandem cells to access the full solar spectrum. Researchers focused on improving the electrical properties of solar cells by optimizing the material growth conditions, however relatively little work to date has been devoted to light trapping and enhanced absorption in III-V compound solar cells using back reflectors. We studied absorption enhancement in InGaAs and InGaAsP thin film solar cells by means of numerical modeling. Flat dielectric and metal back reflectors that might be introduced into the solar cell via wafer-bonding, epitaxial lift-off or deposition techniques have been shown to increase the short circuit current and the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells.
- Published
- 2009
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