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Decrease in quality of postovulatory aged oocytes occurs due to oxidative stress and leads to low fertilization and development competence. It is one of the main causes that exerting detrimental effect on the success rate in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Auraptene (AUR), a citrus coumarin, has been reported to possess an antioxidant effects in other tissues. In this study, we aimed to confirm the potential of AUR to delay the oocyte aging process by alleviating oxidative stress. Superovulated mouse oocytes in metaphase of second meiosis (MII) were exposed to 0, 1 or 10 μM AUR for 12 h of in vitro aging. AUR addition to the culture medium recovered abnormal spindle and chromosome morphology and mitigated mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) in aged oocytes. AUR-treated aged oocytes also showed suppressed oxidative stress, with lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, higher glutathione (GSH) levels and increased expression of several genes involved in antioxidation. Furthermore, AUR significantly elevated the fertilization and embryo developmental rates. Oocytes aged with 1 μM AUR exhibited morphokinetics that were very similar to those of the control group. Altogether, these data allowed us to conclude that AUR improved the quality of aged oocytes and suggest AUR as an effective clinical supplement candidate to prevent postovulatory aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

배경: Despite the known clinical benefit of remdesivir in SARS-CoV-2 infection, its usage has been limited in patients with impaired renal function due to concern about the liver and renal toxicities by the accumulation of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin. We compared adverse events between remdesivir-treated and non-remdesivir-treated groups in COVID-19 patients with renal impairment. 방법: Adult COVID-19 patients with a glomerular filtration rate of <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 at admission to a tertiary care hospital between November 2020 and March 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Data on serum creatinine and liver chemistry tests at day 3 or 5, 10, 15, and 30 from admission or the start of remdesivir therapy were collected. 결과: A total of 101 patients with impaired renal function were enrolled including 34 patients receiving renal replacement therapy. Of 101 patients, 64 received remdesivir, while 37 did not. The median duration of remdesivir therapy was 4 (interquartile range, 3-5). Among patients who did not need dialysis initially, 18% (7/38) of remdesivir-treated patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI) at day 3-5, while 43% (16/29) of non-remdesivir-treated patients did. The proportion of patients with AKI decreased over time in remdesivir-treated patients (Figure 1). At day 3-5, 20% (13/64) of remdesivir-treated patients developed liver injury (mostly mild injury), while 30% (11/37) of non-remdesivir-treated patients did. There was no significant increase in alanine aminotransferase level over time in remdesivir-treated patients (Figure 1). No serious renal and hepatic adverse events related to remdesivir were observed. 결론: No significant increases in liver and kidney injury associated with remdesivir therapy were observed. These findings suggest that remdesivir therapy should not be easily withheld due to safety concerns of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin in COVID-19 patients with renal impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

배경: Bacteremia caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is a growing concern due to its high mortality and limited treatment option. We evaluated the characteristics of subsequent CPE bacteremia in CPE stool carriers and analyzed risk factors for CPE bacteremia compared with non-CPE Enterobacter bacteremia. 방법: We retrospectively analyzed adult patients confirmed to have CPE colonization in stool surveillance culture in a tertiary hospital between January 2018 and February 2022. All episodes of Enterobacterales bacteremia within 6 months after CPE colonization were identified. 결과: During the study periods, a total of 1,174 patients were identified as CPE stool carriers. Of these patients, 58 (4.9%) experienced 70 episodes of subsequent CPE bacteremia after CPE colonization, whereas 102 (8.7%) had 123 episodes of subsequent non-CPE Enterobacterales bacteremia. Colonization with KPC producer, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli was significantly associated with CPE bacteremia (Table 1). Subsequent Enterobacterales bacteremia in CPE carriers was more frequently caused by non-CPE than by CPE (8.7% vs. 4.9%, p <0.001). When comparing the first episode of Enterobacterales bacteremia according to carbapenemase production, colonization with KPC producer and K. pneumoniae, multiple sites colonization, high Pitt’s score, ICU care, recent abdominal surgery, and prior carbapenem use were significantly associated with CPE bacteremia (Table 2). Multivariable analysis revealed that ICU care (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.09, 95% confidence interval 1.52 to 11.01, p <0.01), KPC colonizer (aOR: 4.22, p <0.01) and abdominal surgery within a week (aOR: 13.15, p =0.03) were independent risk factors for CPE bacteremia. 결론: In CPE carriers, non-CPE Enterobacterales were 1.8 times more likely to cause bacteremia than CPE. In a CPE carrier in ICU, colonized with KPC, and recent history of intraabdominal surgery, empirical therapy for CPE should be considered when sepsis is suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a povidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) foam dressing (Betafoam) for donor site dressing versus a hydrocellular foam dressing (Allevyn) and petrolatum gauze. This prospective Phase 4 study was conducted between March 2016 and April 2017 at eight sites in Korea. A total of 106 consenting patients (aged ≥ 19 years, scheduled for split‐thickness skin graft) were randomised 1:1:1 to PVP‐I foam, hydrocellular, or petrolatum gauze dressings for up to 28 days after donor site collection. We assessed time to complete epithelialisation, proportion with complete epithelialisation at Day 14, and wound infection. Epithelialisation time was the shortest with PVP‐I foam dressing (12.74 ± 3.51 days) versus hydrocellular foam dressing (16.61 ± 4.45 days; P = 0.0003) and petrolatum gauze (15.06 ± 4.26 days, P = 0.0205). At Day 14, 83.87% of PVP‐I foam dressing donor sites had complete epithelialisation, versus 36.36% of hydrocellular foam dressing donor sites (P = 0.0001) and 55.88% of petrolatum gauze donor sites (P = 0.0146). There were no wound infections. Incidence rates of adverse events were comparable across groups (P = 0.1940). PVP‐I foam dressing required less time to complete epithelialisation and had a good safety profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]