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The mass distribution of double neutron stars (DNSs) can help us to understand the evolution of binary systems, which can also contain information about DNSs induced by gravitational wave radiation. Henceforth, for the 25 pairs of DNS systems so far discovered by radio observations, we have only statistically analysed 13 systems with precisely measured masses of two-component NSs, by employing the classical Gaussian mixture models based on the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. The result infers that the mass distributions for recycled and non-recycled NSs follow a double-Gaussian and single-Gaussian distribution, respectively. In the conventional scenario of DNS formation, the mass of the first formed recycled NS is higher than that of the second-formed companion NS. However, there exist some unconventional cases with a reverse mass ratio. To explore the phenomenon of this ‘unconventional component mass’ of DNSs, we employed Monte Carlo sampling. We find that the unconventional DNS systems occupy about 27.7 per cent of all DNSs, which could be a useful reference for the future gravitational wave detection by LIGO/Virgo. Furthermore, we discuss a possible explanation for the unconventional DNS mass ratio, which involves the recycling process and its birth rate. This also has an implication for the mass distribution of the DNS progenitors.

The importance of circular RNAs in malignant tumors has been well concerned nowadays. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is diagnosed prevalently in the world. Our study aims to uncover the potential functions of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC development.Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the level of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Hsa_circ_0011946 was knocked down in OSCC cells. Biological functions of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC were identified by performing cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay. The underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0011946 in regulating OSCC progression was explored by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay.Hsa_circ_0011946 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues compared with adjacent samples. It was also upregulated in OSCC cell lines. The knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946 inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion in OSCC. The expression of PCNA was reduced via knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA in tumor tissues was positively correlated to the expression of hsa_circ_0011946.Hsa_circ_0011946 could promote cell growth, migration, and invasion of OSCC by upregulating PCNA, which may offer a new therapeutic intervention for OSCC patients.

This study aimed to assess the association of circular RNA (circRNA) ciRS-7 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to investigate its effect on cells proliferation as well as apoptosis in NSCLC.132 patients with primary NSCLC who received surgical resection were recruited in this retrospective study. All patients' tumor tissue and paired adjacent tissue were collected for circRNA ciRS-7 expression detection by RT-qPCR. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. CCK-8 and Annexin-V/propidium iodide (AV/PI) assays were performed to detect cells proliferation and apoptosis in A549 cells after circRNA ciRS-7 inhibition plasmid transfection.CircRNA ciRS-7 expression in tumor tissue was elevated compared to paired adjacent tissue, and positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages. K-M curves illustrated that circRNA ciRS-7 high expression was correlated with both shorter DFS and OS, and multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis showed that circRNA ciRS-7 high expression was an independent factor for predicting unfavorable DFS and OS. Cells methods revealed that circRNA ciRS-7 expression was elevated in NSCLC cell lines (A549, PC9, NCI-H1299 and NCI-H1650) compared to normal lung epithelial cells (DEAS-2B), and the inhibition of circRNA ciRS-7 expression reduced cells proliferation and promoted cells apoptosis in A549 cells.CircRNA ciRS-7 overexpression is associated with advanced disease and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients, and the down-regulation of circRNA ciRS-7 inhibits tumor cells proliferation as well as improves cells apoptosis.

This work investigates the effect of an insoluble surfactant on the gravity-driven flow of a liquid film down a vertical flexible wall. The paper builds upon previous work [Matar et al., Phys Rev E 76(5):056301, 2007; Sisoev et al., Chem Eng Sci 65(2):950–961, 2010] to include the Marangoni effect attributable to the gradient of surfactant concentration on a free surface. Here we employ an integral method to derive a set of asymptotic evolution equations valid for a moderate flow rate, based on a long-wave approximation. A normal-mode approach is used to examine the linear stability of the system. Similar to the work presented by Matar et al., the results show that a flexible wall with weak damping acts to stabilize flow, while wall tension plays an unstable role. The insoluble surfactant, which acts to stabilize film flow, can reduce the effects of wall flexibility (wall damping and tension) on flow linear stability. The nonlinear evolution equations for the system are solved numerically for both a given initial perturbation wave packet and a periodic perturbation at the inlet boundary. The equations are mainly concerned with the evolution of the flow stability and wave interaction processes, during which solitary-like waveforms are observed. When wall damping is weak, it tends to deplete the ripples preceding the solitary-like humps. However, as wall damping increases in strength, the ripples intensify; a similar phenomenon is observed with an increase in wall tension. The surfactant, which reduces the amplitude and traveling speed of the solitary-like waveforms, acts to distinctly weaken the dispersion of the interfacial wave.

The α-cellulose was extracted from waste newspaper, and it was esterified by maleic anhydride. The effect of reaction time, temperature, ratio of maleic anhydride to α-cellulose, dosage of catalyst on the degree of esterification were studied, respectively. The weight percent gain and degree of substitution reached 40.30% and 0.6657, respectively, under the following reaction conditions: reaction time of 2.5 h, reaction temperature of 150 °C, ratio of MA to α-cellulose of 1.2 and dosage of catalyst of 10%. The structure and properties of the samples were characterized by FTIR and X-ray diffraction.

Using cellulose extracted from waste newspaper as raw material, NaOH/urea aqueous solution as solvent, anhydrous sodium sulfate as pore-forming agent, cellulose sponge with super absorbent capacity was prepared by freezing method, and hydrophobic cellulose sponge was prepared by immersing cellulose sponge into hydrolysate of cetyltrimethoxysilane with different composition. The water absorption and oil absorption of water-absorbent and hydrophobic cellulose sponge samples were tested and characterized by infrared and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the water absorption of water-absorbent cellulose sponge could reach 560 wt% under the conditions of 3 g of microcrystalline cellulose, 15 g of pore-forming agent and 50 g of NaOH/urea solution. Hydrophobic cellulose sponge was prepared by hydrolysis of hexadecyl trimethoxysilane/SiO2, and the best oil rate was 157 wt%.

We have established the cohesive law for interfaces between multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polymer that are not well bonded and are characterized by the van der Waals force. The cohesive law is obtained in terms of the area density of carbon atoms on CNT walls, number of CNT walls, volume density of CH2 units in the polymer, and parameters in the van der Waals force. The simple, analytical expressions of the cohesive law are useful to study the interaction between multi-wall CNTs and polymer, such as in CNT-reinforced composites.

The ternary interaction of pontachrome violet SW (PCV) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Cu(II) at pH 10.5 has been investigated by a microsurface adsorption-spectral correction (MSASC) technique. The aggregation of PCV on CTAB obeyed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption. Results showed that the binding constant of the CTAB-PCV aggregate was K = 2.68·105 liter·mole−1. The ternary monomer complex Cu·PCV·CTAB2 was formed. The complexation between Cu and PCV is sensitive in the presence of CTAB and selective in the presence of thioglycolic acid, trisodium citrate, and p-phenanthroline, and it was applied to the determination of Cu trace with satisfactory result.

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The nonlinear optical properties and ultrafast optical response of Si/SiO2 multilayers with and without phosphorus doping are comparatively studied in the present work. The enhanced nonlinear absorption and fast recombination process were observed after phosphorus doping, the defect states generated by high phosphorus doping was the possible origination. It was suggested that the nonlinear optical repose as well as the ultrafast dynamic process could be changed greatly via phosphorous doping, which provided a new approach to improve the performance of Si-based photonic devices.

A two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimeter and a Rayleigh scattering system were used to measure the mean velocities, turbulence quantities, and mean density In a supersonic high-temperature exhaust plume with and without an annular base flow. The distributions of mean temperature and Mach number were inferred. For both cases, the potential core of the supersonic jet extends about 6 nozzle diameters, and the flow remains supersonic until about 15 nozzle diameters. The mean axial velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, shear stress, and temperature become self-similar downstream of the flow. Similarities of turbulence quantities develop slower than the mean velocity, whereas the temperature similarity is established upstream of the velocity. Near the nozzle base of the coaxial jets, one and a half recirculation zones are formed, which represents an extreme of the central-jet-dominated coaxial flows

RASSF1A (RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A) is a newer tumor suppressor that binds to and stabilizes microtubules as well as induces M-phase cell cycle arrest. Several other proteins that interact with and stabilize microtubules also undergo mitotic phase phosphorylation to regulate microtubule dynamics and M-phase cell cycle progression. Currently, however, there is a paucity of information regarding the phosphorylation status of RASSF1A and its regulation during mitosis. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate that Aurora-A is a RASSF1A kinase and, to the best of our knowledge, this is also the first study reporting the identification of a kinase for RASSF1A. We show that the mitotic kinase Aurora-A directly interacts with and phosphorylates RASSF1 and that RASSF1A is phosphorylated by Aurora-A during mitosis. These findings therefore link an important oncogenic mitotic kinase to regulate RASSF1A tumor suppressor. Aurora-A appears to phosphorylate RASSF1A at Threonine202 and/or Serine203 that reside within the known microtubule-binding domain of RASSF1A. Substitutions of these residues with glutamic acid at both positions, mimicking constitutive phosphorylation of RASSF1A, disrupt RASSF1A interactions with microtubules and abolish its ability to induce M-phase cell cycle arrest. Our results further demonstrate that Aurora-A overexpression also interferes with RASSF1A-mediated growth suppression. In view of our results, we propose that Aurora-A-mediated phosphorylation of RASSF1A is a novel mechanism that regulates the ability of this tumor suppressor to interact with microtubules and modulate M-phase cell cycle progression.

{sup 13}N(p,{gamma}){sup 14}O is one of the key reactions in the hot CNO cycle which occurs at stellar temperatures around T{sub 9}{>=}0.1. Up to now, some uncertainties still exist for the direct capture component in this reaction, thus an independent measurement is of importance. In present work, the angular distribution of the {sup 13}N(d,n){sup 14}O reaction at E{sub c.m.}=8.9 MeV has been measured in inverse kinematics, for the first time. Based on the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis, the nuclear asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC), C{sub 1,1/2}{sup 14}O, for the ground state of {sup 14}O {yields}{sup 13}N + p is derived to be 5.42{+-}0.48 fm{sup -1/2}. The {sup 13}N(p,{gamma}){sup 14}O reaction is analyzed with the R-matrix approach, its astrophysical S factors and reaction rates at energies of astrophysical relevance are then determined with the ANC. The implications of the present reaction rates on the evolution of novae are then discussed with the reaction network calculations.

Radiative lifetimes of 79 levels belonging to the 3d {sup 3}4s4p, 3d {sup 4}4p, 3d {sup 3}4s5p, 3d {sup 4}5p, and 3d {sup 3}4s4d configurations of V I with energy from 26,604.807 to 46,862.786 cm{sup –1} have been measured using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence (TR-LIF) spectroscopy in laser-produced plasma. The lifetime values reported in this paper are in the range of 3.3-494 ns, and the uncertainties of these measurements are within ±10%. A good agreement was obtained with previous data. HFR+CPOL calculations have been performed and used to combine the calculated branching fractions with the available experimental lifetimes to determine semi-empirical transition probabilities for 784 V I transitions.

Correction for ‘Fracture behaviour of cracks in piezoelectric media with electromechanically coupled boundary conditions’ by X. D. Wang and L. Y. Jiang (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 458 , 2545–2560. (doi: [10.1098/rspa.2001.0922][1])). The Digital Object Identifier on p. 2545 should be 10.1098/rspa.2001.0922. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1098/rspa.2001.0922