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publisher, 横浜, Earthworms, which are very helpful in the formation of vegetable mould, though weak in sunlight, are one of the most important living creatures in relation to agricultural crops, wild plants and ecosystem functions. Increased exposure to UV-B on the surface of the earth due to the depletion of stratospheric ozone is known to cause a variety of physiological and morphological responses in plants. 3-Indolylacetonitrile as a repellent against earthworms, has been isolated from UV-B damaged cabbage (Brassica oleacea L.) shoots., 原著論文

横浜, Euphornin， isolated from EuphoYbia heiioscopia L.(Toudai Gusa in Japanese)，is atoxic diterpene having antitumor activity. Euphornin is a highly oxygenatedditerpene containing two double bond included in a 12-membered ring. Oxidativecleavage of both double bonds afforded two segments， the C1-C5・C12-C15 segmentand the C6-C11 segment， which would be key intermediates for total synthesis ofeuphornin. Previously， we reported that the degradation reaction of euphornin hasbeen carried out to afford the C1-C5・C12-C15 segment which is expected to becoupled with the C6-C11 segment giving rise to euphornin. In the present paper，new degradation reaction of euphornin has been carried out to afford the desiredcompound having the C1-C5・C12-C15 segment， which was then converted to thesynthetic key intermediate.

横浜, 原著論文, Extensive studies on the metabolites of penicillia which cause so-called “yellow rice”led to the successful isolation of a variety of bioactive compounds.Recently, the cell fusion between genetically close penicillia has been carried out to give some hybrid strains,which produced a variety of novel compounds,indicating that the cell fusion technique is quite useful for finding of new bioactive compounds. In this study, a hybrid strain KO 0193was generated using Penicillium citreo-viride Biourge IFO 4692, a producer of phenolic compounds, and P. pedemontanum IFO 9583, a producer of pyrone-type compounds, by means of cell fusion technique using polyethylene glycol. The metabolites of the hybrid strain KO 0193 was extracted after culture of 2 months. Further isolation of this extract was carried out using different kinds of chromatography to give rise to some novel compounds.These compounds have a carbon skeleton of isochroman and evidently different from any other metabolites which have been isolated. These isochromans have been proved to promote the growth of hypocotyls of Lactuca sativa (lettuce).