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Pyrolysis is one of the most common methods of end-of-life tires (ELTs) recycling. This study considered the use of carbon black from pyrolysis of ELTs as a carbon carrier for metals (Co, Ni, Cu, Fe) and their oxides to produce catalytic systems. The synchronous thermal analysis showed the positive effect of metal oxides/recovered carbon black (MOs/rCB) on ammonium perchlorate thermolysis. It was selected as a model catalytic reaction. Metal oxides/recovered carbon black (MOs/rCB) catalysts facilitated a reduction in the thermal decomposition phases of ammonium perchlorate, resulting in a significant narrowing of the decomposition interval. The greatest narrowing (22.7 °C) was observed at 103.5 °C for non-catalytic process. All tri-metallic catalytic systems showed high catalytic efficiency, providing a narrowing of the decomposition interval on average 2.5 times more in comparison with mono-metallic catalysts. Trioxide catalyst CuO/CoO/FeO/rCB showed the most significant shift in the high-temperature decomposition stage by 13% (from 334.0 °C to 293.2 °C). The activity of di-, tri-, and tetra-metallic catalytic systems was further enhanced by the synergistic effect induced by the addition of a second (or more) metal to the system. Efficient use of rCB for impregnated catalyst systems production could improve the economic efficiency of ELTs pyrolysis.

Abstract This article presents a taxonomy and represents a repository of open problems in computing for numerically and logically intensive problems in a number of disciplines that have to synergize for the best performance of simulation-based feasibility studies on nature-oriented engineering in general and civil engineering in particular. Topics include but are not limited to: Nature-based construction, genomics supporting nature-based construction, earthquake engineering, and other types of geophysical disaster prevention activities, as well as the studies of processes and materials of interest for the above. In all these fields, problems are discussed that generate huge amounts of Big Data and are characterized with mathematically highly complex Iterative Algorithms. In the domain of applications, it has been stressed that problems could be made less computationally demanding if the number of computing iterations is made smaller (with the help of Artificial Intelligence or Conditional Algorithms), or if each computing iteration is made shorter in time (with the help of Data Filtration and Data Quantization). In the domain of computing, it has been stressed that computing could be made more powerful if the implementation technology is changed (Si, GaAs, etc.…), or if the computing paradigm is changed (Control Flow, Data Flow, etc.…).

Abstract This article describes a teaching strategy that synergizes computing and management, aimed at the running of complex projects in industry and academia, in the areas of civil engineering, physics, geosciences, and a number of other related fields. The course derived from this strategy includes four parts: (a) Computing with a selected set of modern paradigms—the stress is on Control Flow and Data Flow computing paradigms, but paradigms conditionally referred to as Energy Flow and Diffusion Flow are also covered; (b) Project management that is holistic—the stress is on the wide plethora of issues spanning from the preparation of project proposals, all the way to incorporation activities to follow after the completion of a successful project; (c) Examples from past research and development experiences—the stress is on experiences of leading experts from academia and industry; (d) Student projects that stimulate creativity—the stress is on methods that educators could use to induce and accelerate the creativity of students in general. Finally, the article ends with selected pearls of wisdom that could be treated as suggestions for further elaboration.

The relevance of researching the native iron-ore mineral formation is determined by identifying mineralogical and physical and chemical criteria for potential ore bearing of the polyphase Aleysk-Zmeinogorsky granitoid complex which occupies the most north-western part of the Russian Rudny Altai territory. The aim of the research is a detail and comprehensive description of morphology, chemical composition, occurrence, paragenesis and time of native iron metallides segregation in the course of evolutionary development of a fluid-magmatic system. Research methods include conventional mineralogical and petropgraphical methods, as well as mineragraphic methods targeting at investigation of the accessory native iron and its associated minerals obtained from crashed granitoid samples according to a common procedure. To carry out analytical studies, the author used the X-ray spectral analysis methods performed on an electronic scanning microscope JSM-6510LV (Jeol Ltd) fitted with an energy-dispersive spectrometer INCA Energy 350+ in a laboratory of the Geology and Mineralogy Institute of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Science (Novosibirsk) (by an analyst M. V. Khlestov). Research outcomes. The author identified the presence and distribution of accessory native iron microspheres in rocks of successive phases of the granitoid complex formation and singled out two microsphere varieties by chemical composition, i. e. iron with Ti and Mn impurities and pure iron (ferrite); thoroughly studied the structure, chemical composition and breakdown structure of a xenogenic crystal of ferrokaersutite genetically related to a metalized gabbroid silicate melt supplied to the hypabyssal crystallization chamber by plagiogranitic melt in plagiogranitic rocks of the main intrusion phase. Paragenetic associations of native iron, as well as location and conditions of native Fe phase segregation out of a silicate melt of the native phase was identified. Conclusions. A liquation separation of a metallic phase of iron, including iron with Ti, Mn impurities, clearly manifested itself at an early magmatic stage of a gabbroid melt formation in an intermediate vent under the effect of a reducing intratelluric hydrogen-carbonic fluid together with active action of potassium. The limited occurrence of native Fe globules in derived granitoid melts, especially in finishing leucogranit differentiates, are related to weakening the reducing character of mantle fluids which are displaced by the hyperalkaline fluids with increased potential oxygen. The obtained new data have high petrological importance and practical value for identifying a potential productivity of a granitoid complex for iron-titanium ore mineralization.

Research relevance consists in determining the demand in mineral geochemical investigation of potential granitoid ore-bearing com plexes in Rudni Altai, embracing significant reserves of non-ferrous, noble and rare metals, which, in its turn, would expand the existing Russian mineral resources. Research target is to identify the distinctive accessory titanomagnetite as typomorphism characteristics of potential ore-bearing polyphase Aleysky-Zmeinogorsk granitoid complexes. Research methods in determining mineral chemical composition are: micro-sonde CAMEBAX-MICRO; electronic scanning microscope JSM-6510LV (Joel Ltd.) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy INCAEnergy350+. Research results include the following: initial detailed investigation of accessory magnetite of Aleysky-Zmeinogorsk granitoids and identification of two generations - early-magnetic titanomagnetite and post-magnetic titanomagnetite. The first of which is the decomposition-oxidation of magnetite-ulvospinel structure system. The following siderophile inclusion elements are predominate - Mn, V, Mg, Cr, Ge, while lithophylic elements - Al, Si, Y are less and chalcophylic elements are absent. The post-magmatic magnetite genesis was determined, being the result of titanomagnetite leaching via magmatogene hydrothermal solutions and further crystallization of magnetite, which, in its turn, derives the chemical behavior of titanomagnetite itself. In this case it characterizes low content or absence of Ti and other inclusion elements. The characteristic of V behavior was noted - in the final leucogranite phases magnetite contains more V than in early-magnetic titanomagnetite. Conclusion. Specific decomposition structure and titanomagnetite inclusion elements are typomorphic features of the basaltoid nature of granitoids. Specific potassic features of alkalinity, increased silica acidity and volatile activity during the final phase inhibit the possible V accumulation in titanomagnetite. Early-magnetic titanomagnetite is the mineral-concentrator V. This fact reflects the syngenetic enrichment of these melted elements and geochemical differentiation of Aleysky-Zmeinogorsk granitoids into Fe, Ti and V, as well as, Y and REE.