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9. Coronavirus disease 2019 scenarios for a long-term strategy under fundamental uncertainty

Author

Brom, Frans, de Hoog, Josta, Knottnerus, J. André, Mampuys, Ruth, van der Lippe, Tanja, OFR - Ethics Institute, LS Normat.aspecten wetensch.beleidsadv., Leerstoel Lippe, Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, RS: CAPHRI - R5 - Optimising Patient Care, Bureau FHML, Family Medicine, OFR - Ethics Institute, LS Normat.aspecten wetensch.beleidsadv., Leerstoel Lippe, and Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality

Subjects
Pandemic, Preparedness, Epidemiology, Communication, Human behavior, Vaccination, Exploratory scenarios, Immunity, Strategy, Uncertainty, COVID-19, Driving forces, Development, Anticipation, Policy, Long-term, Physicians, Chess, Humans, Virus variants, Course, Scientific guidance, Pandemics, Mutations
Abstract

Early on, scientists have pointed out that coronavirus disease 2019 is most likely here to stay, although its course and development are uncertain. This requires a long-term strategy of living with the virus. However, the urgency of new waves of infection and the emergence of new variants have invoked an approach of acute crisis management over and over, hindering the design of a structural approach for the long term. Exploratory scenarios can provide scientific strategic guidance to policy processes to be better prepared in this situation of fundamental uncertainty. We have therefore developed five scenarios, which describe the possible long-term development of the pandemic from an epidemiological, virological, and broader societal perspective. These scenarios are based on four driving forces that are both important and uncertain: immunity, vaccination, mutations, and human behavior. The scenarios are (1) return to normal, (2) flu+, (3) external threat, (4) continuous struggle, and (5) worst case. Working with scenarios is crucial for appropriate public communication and provides guidance for anticipating the various conceivable possibilities for the further course of the pandemic.

Published
2022

11. Elder Crimes of the Law Abiding: Backwards Dresses, Covered Up Messes, and Nursing Homes

Author

Ulsperger, Jason S., Ulsperger, Kristen, Knottnerus, J. David, Ulsperger, Jason S., Ulsperger, Kristen, and Knottnerus, J. David

Abstract

This article uses data from 75 biographies, autobiographies, and research monographs on nursing homes to explore physical neglect and abuse. Linked to crimes of the law abiding concepts, it implies employees see maltreatment as “normal.” It extends lines of research examining bureaucratic forces and their influence on nursing homes. It also provides a history of elder care in the UK and US and a review of structural ritualization theory. Findings concentrate on how rituals involving hierarchical structure, work efficiency, documentation, and rules adversely influence care homes. This includes physical maltreatment involving employee neglect of personal needs of residents, failing to provide medical help, bodily harm, and not maintaining quality living spaces.

Published
2023

12. Cannabis policy in The Netherlands:Rationale and design of an experiment with a controlled legal (‘closed’) cannabis supply chain

Author

Knottnerus, J. André, Blom, Tom, van Eerden, Sanne, Mans, Jan H.H., Mheen, Dike van de, de Neeling, J. Nico D., Schelfhout, David C.L., Seidell, Jaap C., van Wijk, Albert H., van Wingerde, C. G.(Karin), Brink, Wim van den, Knottnerus, J. André, Blom, Tom, van Eerden, Sanne, Mans, Jan H.H., Mheen, Dike van de, de Neeling, J. Nico D., Schelfhout, David C.L., Seidell, Jaap C., van Wijk, Albert H., van Wingerde, C. G.(Karin), and Brink, Wim van den

Abstract

Since the Dutch tolerance policy, allowing the purchase of cannabis in ‘coffeeshops’, is associated with problems of public order and safety as well as health risks, there has been a long debate about legalisation of cannabis production and supply. It was therefore decided to conduct an experiment with a controlled legal (‘closed’) cannabis supply chain for recreational use. This is of international relevance in view of the current illegal cannabis exports from the Netherlands, the importance of sharing knowledge about the effectiveness of cannabis policies, and the accumulation of evidence needed to evaluate and update international treaties. Here we describe and discuss the background, general approach and design of the experiment. An independent expert committee elaborated how the closed chain will operate and be evaluated, based on the experience with the medicinal cannabis chain, and round table discussions with stakeholders (mayors, coffeeshop owners, cannabis consumers, growers, regulators, scientists, and addiction experts). Ten trusted cannabis growers are contracted to produce and supply cannabis to the coffeeshops in intervention municipalities, with product quality control, law enforcement against criminal interference, and preventive efforts to reduce health risks being implemented. No changes will be made in the cannabis supply to the coffeeshops in participating control municipalities. A process evaluation will assess whether the chain from production to sale in the intervention municipalities was really closed. In a quasi-experimental study comparing intervention and control municipalities, the chain's effects on public health, cannabis-related crime, safety and public nuisance will be estimated. The fieldwork period is expected to start early 2024 and will take four years, including reporting to the government and parliament. These will then decide whether and what further steps towards legalisation of the production and supply of cannabis will b

Published
2023

16. Detection of atrial fibrillation in primary care with radial pulse palpation, electronic blood pressure measurement and handheld single-lead electrocardiography: a diagnostic accuracy study

Author

Verbiest-van Gurp, Nicole, primary, Uittenbogaart, Steven B, additional, Lucassen, Wim A M, additional, Erkens, Petra M G, additional, Knottnerus, J André, additional, Winkens, Bjorn, additional, Stoffers, Henri E J H, additional, and van Weert, Henk C P M, additional

Published
2022
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17. Coronavirus disease 2019 scenarios for a long-term strategy under fundamental uncertainty

Author

OFR - Ethics Institute, LS Normat.aspecten wetensch.beleidsadv., Leerstoel Lippe, Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Brom, Frans, de Hoog, Josta, Knottnerus, J. André, Mampuys, Ruth, van der Lippe, Tanja, OFR - Ethics Institute, LS Normat.aspecten wetensch.beleidsadv., Leerstoel Lippe, Social Networks, Solidarity and Inequality, Brom, Frans, de Hoog, Josta, Knottnerus, J. André, Mampuys, Ruth, and van der Lippe, Tanja

Published
2022

24. Measurement properties of the Quebec back pain disability scale in patients with nonspecific low back pain: systematic review

Author

Speksnijder, Caroline M., Koppenaal, Tjarco, Knottnerus, J. Andre, Spigt, Mark, Staal, J. Bart, and Terwee, Caroline B.

Subjects
Questionnaires -- Translations and translating, Health surveys -- Translations and translating, Pain -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

Background. The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) has been translated into different languages, and several studies on its measurement properties have been done. Purpose. The purpose of this review was to critically appraise and compare the measurement properties, when possible, of all language versions of the QBPDS by systematically reviewing the methodological quality and results of the available studies. Method. Bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were searched for articles with the key words 'Quebec,' 'back,' 'pain,' and 'disability' in combination with a methodological search filter for finding studies on measurement properties concerning the development or evaluation of the measurement properties of the QBPDS in patients with nonspecific low back pain. Assessment of the methodological quality was carried out by the reviewers using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist for both the original language version of the QBPDS in English and French and all translated versions. The results of the measurement properties were rated based on criteria proposed by Terwee et al. Results. The search strategy resulted in identification of 1,436 publications, and 27 articles were included in the systematic review. There was limited-to-moderate evidence of good reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the QBPDS for the different language versions, but for no language version was evidence available for all measurement properties. Conclusion. For research and clinical practice, caution is advised when using the QBPDS to measure disability in patients with nonspecific low back pain. Strong evidence is lacking on all measurement properties for each language version of the QBPDS., One of the leading causes of disability worldwide is low back pain (LBP). Most of the time, LBP is benign and self-limiting and can be considered as nonspecific LBP, as [...]

Published
2016
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50. The Effect of a Comprehensive, Interdisciplinary Medication Review on Quality of Life and Medication Use in Community Dwelling Older People with Polypharmacy

Author

Bosch-Lenders, Donna, Jansen, Jesse, Stoffers, Henri EJH Jelle, Winkens, Bjorn, Aretz, Karin, Twellaar, Mascha, Schols, Jos MGA, van der Kuy, Paul-Hugo M, Knottnerus, J Andre, van den Akker, Marjan, Pharmacy, Family Medicine, RS: CAPHRI - R5 - Optimising Patient Care, RS: CAPHRI - R6 - Promoting Health & Personalised Care, FHML Methodologie & Statistiek, Health Services Research, and RS: CAPHRI - R1 - Ageing and Long-Term Care

Subjects
pharmacist, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, home visit, Article, primary care, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, cluster-randomized controlled trial, general practitioner, ddc:610, patient, polypharmacy, medication review
Abstract

We conducted a comprehensive medication review at the patients’ home, using data from electronic patient records, and with input from relevant specialists, general practitioners and pharmacists formulated and implemented recommendations to optimize medication use in patients aged 60+ years with polypharmacy. We evaluated the effect of this medication review on quality of life (QoL) and medication use. Methods: Cluster randomized controlled trial (stepped wedge), randomly assigning general practices to one of three consecutive steps. Patients received usual care until the intervention was implemented. Primary outcome was QoL (SF-36 and EQ-5D), secondary outcomes were medication changes, medication adherence and (instrumental) activities of daily living (ADL, iADL) which were measured at baseline, and around 6- and 12-months post intervention. Results: Twenty-four general practices included 360 women and 410 men with an average age of 75 years (SD 7.5). A positive effect on SF-36 mental health (estimated mean was stable in the intervention, but decreased in the control condition with −6.1, p = 0.009,) was found with a reduced number of medications at follow-up compared to the control condition. No significant effects were found on other QoL subscales, ADL, iADL or medication adherence. Conclusion: The medication review prevented decrease of mental health (SF36), with no significant effects on other outcome measures, apart from a reduction in the number of prescribed medications.

Published
2021

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