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3. Corrigendum: Impact of different ground-based microgravity models on human sensorimotor system

Author

Saveko, Alina, primary, Bekreneva, Maria, additional, Ponomarev, Ivan, additional, Zelenskaya, Inna, additional, Riabova, Alexandra, additional, Shigueva, Tatiana, additional, Kitov, Vladimir, additional, Abu Sheli, Nelly, additional, Nosikova, Inna, additional, Rukavishnikov, Ilya, additional, Sayenko, Dimitry, additional, and Tomilovskaya, Elena, additional

Published
2023
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5. Impact of different ground-based microgravity models on human sensorimotor system

Author

Saveko, Alina, primary, Bekreneva, Maria, additional, Ponomarev, Ivan, additional, Zelenskaya, Inna, additional, Riabova, Alexandra, additional, Shigueva, Tatiana, additional, Kitov, Vladimir, additional, Abu Sheli, Nelly, additional, Nosikova, Inna, additional, Rukavishnikov, Ilya, additional, Sayenko, Dimitry, additional, and Tomilovskaya, Elena, additional

Published
2023
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6. Sensory organization of postural control after long term space flight.

Author

Nikita Shishkin, Kitov, Vladimir, Sayenko, Dimitry, and Tomilovskaya, Elena

Subjects
ASTRONAUTS, ANKLE joint, VESTIBULAR apparatus, SPACE flight, HIP joint, EQUILIBRIUM testing, SPACE stations
Abstract

Background: Alterations in motor control systems is an inevitable consequence of space flights of any duration. After the flight, the crew-members have significant difficulties with maintaining upright balance and locomotion, which last several days following landing. At the same time, the specific mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess effects of long-term space flight on postural control and to define the changes of sensory organization caused by microgravity. Methods: 33 cosmonauts of Russian Space Agency, the members of International Space Station (ISS) flights of duration between 166 and 196 days took part in this study. Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) tests, which include assessment of visual, proprioceptive and vestibular function in postural stability, was performed twice before the flight and on the 3rd, 7th, and 10th days after landing. The video analysis of ankle and hip joints fluctuations was performed to investigate the basis of postural changes. Results: Exposure to long-term space flight was followed by considerable changes of postural stability (-27% of Equilibrium Score value in the most complicated test, SOT5m). Changes in postural strategies to maintain balance were observed in the tests which provide the challenge for vestibular system. In particular, increased hip joint involvement (+100% in median value and +135% in 3rd quartile of hip angle fluctuation RMS in SOT5m) into postural control process was revealed. Conclusion: Decrease of postural stability after long-term space flight was associated with alterations in vestibular system and biomechanically was revealed by increased hip strategy which is less accurate, but simpler in terms of the central control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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9. The First Female Dry Immersion (NAIAD-2020): Design and Specifics of a 3-Day Study

Author

Tomilovskaya, Elena, primary, Amirova, Liubov, additional, Nosikova, Inna, additional, Rukavishnikov, Ilya, additional, Chernogorov, Roman, additional, Lebedeva, Svetlana, additional, Saveko, Alina, additional, Ermakov, Ivan, additional, Ponomarev, Ivan, additional, Zelenskaya, Inna, additional, Shigueva, Tatiana, additional, Shishkin, Nikita, additional, Kitov, Vladimir, additional, Riabova, Alexandra, additional, Brykov, Vitaly, additional, Abu Sheli, Nelly, additional, Vassilieva, Galina, additional, and Orlov, Oleg, additional

Published
2021
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10. Determination of Functional Capabilities, the Level of Physical Performance and the State of Main Physiological Body Systems in the First Hours after the Accomplishment of Long-term Space Flights ('Field Test')

Author

Kozlovskaya, Inesa, Tomilovskaya, Elena, Rukavishnikov, Ilya, Kitov, Vladimir, Reschke, Millard, and Kofman, Igor

Subjects
Life Sciences (General), Aerospace Medicine
Abstract

Long-term stay in weightlessness is accompanied by alterations in the activity of main physiological body systems including sensory-motor, skeletal-muscular disturbances and cardiovascular deconditioning. However, up to now, there are no data on the state and level of functional performance of cosmonauts/astronauts directly after flight, nor are there data to help define the dynamic recovery of functional characteristics and work efficiency which are greatly needed to provide the safety and planning of their activity once they reach space objects. The Russian and American scientists are currently engaged in a joint experiment known as the "Field Test" with the goal of studying the functional performance and the state of main physiological body systems directly after landing and their temporal recovery dynamics. The functional performance is identified during the test by temporal characteristics of the movements of spatial translation, the stability of the vertical stance for 3.5 min, and the kinematic characteristics of walking - non-complicated and complicated. The following characteristics are identified as physiological characteristics of the test: a) orthostatic tolerance during stand test, b) back muscle tone; c) vertical stability - by characteristics of the correction responses to unexpected perturbations of the vertical stance, and d) support reactions during the performance of the full battery of tests. To date, a pilot version of the "Field Test" has been conducted with participation from four Russian cosmonauts. The results of studies have shown that in 1 - 5 hours after landing the functional abilities of the cosmonauts are considerably reduced. All the test movements at this time are considerably slower than preflight and the more complicated the task is, the greater significant reduction in orthostatic tolerance: during the first test that occurs 1 - 5 hours after landing. two of four cosmonauts declined to continue the task after the orthostatic test (one of them did not wear the anti-G suit "Centaurus" during testing). Blood pressure during moving out of prone posture to vertical stance in one of the cosmonauts and of sitting to standing position in the other dropped to the precollapse level. The results of the studies have confirmed the feasibility, the usefulness and the safety of conducting tests as close as possible to the landing. The program of "Field Test" experiment will be continued and extended.

Published
2014

11. Efficacy of Gradient Compression Garments in the Hours After Long-Duration Spaceflight

Author

Lee, Stuart M. C., primary, Ribeiro, L. Christine, additional, Laurie, Steven S., additional, Feiveson, Alan H., additional, Kitov, Vladimir V., additional, Kofman, Igor S., additional, Macias, Brandon R., additional, Rosenberg, Marissa, additional, Rukavishnikov, Ilya V., additional, Tomilovskaya, Elena S., additional, Bloomberg, Jacob J., additional, Kozlovskaya, Inessa B., additional, Reschke, Millard F., additional, and Stenger, Michael B., additional

Published
2020
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15. Changes in the characteristics of voluntary movements after long duration spaceflight

Author

Osetskiy, Nikolay, primary, Kitov, Vladimir, additional, Rukavishnikov, Ilya, additional, Kofman, Igor, additional, Sosnina, Inna, additional, Lysova, Nataliya, additional, Amirova, Liubov, additional, Rosenberg, Marissa, additional, Fomina, Elena, additional, Tomilovskaya, Elena, additional, Reschke, Millard, additional, and Kozlovskaya, Inessa, additional

Published
2018
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18. The effect of long-term confinement and the efficacy of exercise countermeasures on muscle strength during a simulated mission to Mars:data from the Mars500 study

Author

Gaffney, Christopher J, Fomina, Elena, Babich, Dennis, Kitov, Vladimir, Uskov, Konstantin, Green, David A, Gaffney, Christopher J, Fomina, Elena, Babich, Dennis, Kitov, Vladimir, Uskov, Konstantin, and Green, David A

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Isolation and long duration spaceflight are associated with musculoskeletal deconditioning. Mars500 was a unique, high-fidelity analogue of the psychological challenges of a 520-day manned mission to Mars. We aimed to explore the effect of musculoskeletal deconditioning on three outcome measures: (1) if lower limb muscle strength was reduced during the 520-day isolation; (2) if type I or II muscle fibres were differentially affected; and (3) whether any 70-day exercise interventions prevented any isolation-induced loss of strength. METHODS: Six healthy male subjects (mean ± SEM) (34 ± 3 years; 1.76 ± 0.02 metres; 83.7 ± 4.8 kg) provided written, informed consent to participate. The subjects' maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was assessed isometrically in the calf (predominantly type I fibres), and maximal voluntary isokinetic force (MVIF) was assessed in the quadriceps/hamstrings (predominantly type II fibres) at 0.2 and 0.4 ms-1 using the Multifunctional Dynamometer for Space (MDS) at 35-day intervals throughout Mars500. Exercise interventions were completed 3-7 days/week throughout the 520-day isolation in a counterbalanced design excluding 142-177 days (rest period) and 251-284 days (simulated Mars landing). Exercise interventions included motorized treadmill running, non-motorized treadmill running, cycle ergometry, elastomer-based resistance exercise, whole-body vibration (WBV), and resistance exercise using MDS. RESULTS: Calf MVC did not reduce across the 520-day isolation and MDS increased strength by 18% compared to before that of 70-day exercise intervention. In contrast, there was a significant bilateral loss of MVIF across the 520 days at both 0.2 ms-1 (R 2 = 0.53; P = 0.001) and 0.4 ms-1 (0.4 ms-1; R 2 = 0.42; P = 0.007). WBV (+ 3.7 and 8.8%) and MDS (+ 4.9 and 5.2%) afforded the best protection against isolation-induced loss of MVIF, although MDS was the only intervention to prevent bilateral loss of calf MVC and leg MVIF at 0.2 and 0.4 ms

Published
2017

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