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5. Impact of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Test in Patients With Meningitis or Encephalitis

Author

Kitagawa, Daisuke, primary, Kitano, Taito, additional, Uchihara, Yuto, additional, Ando, Takafusa, additional, Nishikawa, Hiroki, additional, Suzuki, Rika, additional, Onaka, Masayuki, additional, Kasamatsu, Takehito, additional, Shiraishi, Naoyuki, additional, Takemoto, Kiyoshi, additional, Sekine, Madoka, additional, Suzuki, Soma, additional, Suzuki, Yuki, additional, Nakano, Akiyo, additional, Nakano, Ryuichi, additional, Yano, Hisakazu, additional, Yoshida, Sayaka, additional, Kawahara, Makoto, additional, Maeda, Koichi, additional, and Nakamura, Fumihiko, additional

Published
2023
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7. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and multiplex polymerase chain reaction test on outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric respiratory infection

Author

Kitagawa, Daisuke, primary, Kitano, Taito, additional, Furumori, Madoka, additional, Suzuki, Soma, additional, Shintani, Yui, additional, Nishikawa, Hiroki, additional, Suzuki, Rika, additional, Yamamoto, Naohiro, additional, Onaka, Masayuki, additional, Nishiyama, Atsuko, additional, Kasamatsu, Takehito, additional, Shiraishi, Naoyuki, additional, Suzuki, Yuki, additional, Nakano, Akiyo, additional, Nakano, Ryuichi, additional, Yano, Hisakazu, additional, Maeda, Koichi, additional, Yoshida, Sayaka, additional, and Nakamura, Fumihiko, additional

Published
2023
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8. Risk and Benefit of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines for the Omicron Variant by Age, Sex, and Presence of Comorbidity: A Quality-Adjusted Life Years Analysis.

Author

Kitano, Taito, Thompson, David A, Engineer, Lilly, Dudley, Matthew Z, and Salmon, Daniel A

Subjects
*DECISION trees, *COVID-19, *GENETIC mutation, *IMMUNIZATION, *COVID-19 vaccines, *AGE distribution, *VACCINE effectiveness, *SEX distribution, *MESSENGER RNA, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *RESEARCH funding, *COMORBIDITY, *QUALITY-adjusted life years, *EVALUATION
Abstract

The development of the mutant omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised the importance of reevaluating the risk and benefit of COVID-19 vaccines. With a decision tree model, we calculated the benefit-risk ratio and the benefit-risk difference of receiving monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine (primary 2 doses, a third dose, and a fourth dose) in the 4–5 months after vaccination using quality-adjusted life years. The analysis was stratified by age, sex, and the presence of comorbidity. Evidence from peer-reviewed publications and gray literature was reviewed on September 16, 2022, to inform the study. Benefit-risk ratios for receipt of the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) ranged from 6.8 for males aged 12–17 years without comorbidity for the primary doses to 221.3 for females aged ≥65 years with comorbidity for the third dose. The benefit-risk ratios for receipt of the mRNA-1273 vaccine (Moderna) ranged from 7.2 for males aged 18–29 years without comorbidity for the primary doses to 101.4 for females aged ≥65 years with comorbidity for the third dose. In all scenarios of the one-way sensitivity analysis, the benefit-risk ratios were more than 1, irrespective of age, sex, comorbidity status, and type of vaccine, for both primary and booster doses. The benefits of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in protecting against the omicron variant outweigh the risks, irrespective of age, sex, and comorbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. The Impact of COVID-19 on Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions in Ontario, Canada; An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Author

Kitano, Taito, primary, Brown, Kevin A, additional, Daneman, Nick, additional, MacFadden, Derek R, additional, Langford, Bradley J, additional, Leung, Valerie, additional, So, Miranda, additional, Leung, Elizabeth, additional, Burrows, Lori, additional, Manuel, Douglas, additional, Bowdish, Dawn M E, additional, Maxwell, Colleen J, additional, Bronskill, Susan E, additional, Brooks, James I, additional, and Schwartz, Kevin L, additional

Published
2021
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16. The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide

Author

Kitano, Taito, primary, Kitano, Mao, additional, Krueger, Carsten, additional, Jamal, Hassan, additional, Al Rawahi, Hatem, additional, Lee-Krueger, Rachelle, additional, Sun, Rose Doulin, additional, Isabel, Sandra, additional, García-Ascaso, Marta Taida, additional, Hibino, Hiromi, additional, Camara, Bettina, additional, Isabel, Marc, additional, Cho, Leanna, additional, Groves, Helen E., additional, Piché-Renaud, Pierre-Philippe, additional, Kossov, Michael, additional, Kou, Ikuho, additional, Jon, Ilsu, additional, Blanchard, Ana C., additional, Matsuda, Nao, additional, Mahood, Quenby, additional, Wadhwa, Anupma, additional, Bitnun, Ari, additional, and Morris, Shaun K., additional

Published
2021
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19. A Pediatric Infectious Diseases Perspective of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children

Author

Shane, Andi L, primary, Sato, Alice I, additional, Kao, Carol, additional, Adler-Shohet, Felice C, additional, Vora, Surabhi B, additional, Auletta, Jeffery J, additional, Nachman, Sharon, additional, Raabe, Vanessa N, additional, Inagaki, Kengo, additional, Akinboyo, Ibukunoluwa C, additional, Woods, Charles, additional, Alsulami, Abdulsalam O, additional, Kainth, Mundeep K, additional, Santos, Roberto Parulan, additional, Espinosa, Claudia M, additional, Burns, Julianne E, additional, Cunningham, Coleen K, additional, Dominguez, Samuel R, additional, Martinez, Beatriz Larru, additional, Zhu, Frank, additional, Crews, Jonathan, additional, Kitano, Taito, additional, Saiman, Lisa, additional, and Kotloff, Karen, additional

Published
2020
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21. Impact of COVID-19 on Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions in Ontario, Canada; An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Author

Kitano, Taito, Brown, Kevin A, Daneman, Nick, MacFadden, Derek R, Langford, Bradley J, Leung, Valerie, So, Miranda, Leung, Elizabeth, Burrows, Lori, Manuel, Douglas, Bowdish, Dawn M E, Maxwell, Colleen J, Bronskill, Susan E, Brooks, James I, and Schwartz, Kevin L

Subjects
*TIME series analysis, *COVID-19, *COVID-19 pandemic, *PHYSICIANS, *ANTIBIOTICS
Abstract

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has potentially impacted outpatient antibiotic prescribing. Investigating this impact may identify stewardship opportunities in the ongoing COVID-19 period and beyond. Methods We conducted an interrupted time series analysis on outpatient antibiotic prescriptions and antibiotic prescriptions/patient visits in Ontario, Canada, between January 2017 and December 2020 to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population-level antibiotic prescribing by prescriber specialty, patient demographics, and conditions. Results In the evaluated COVID-19 period (March–December 2020), there was a 31.2% (95% CI, 27.0% to 35.1%) relative reduction in total antibiotic prescriptions. Total outpatient antibiotic prescriptions decreased during the COVID-19 period by 37.1% (95% CI, 32.5% to 41.3%) among family physicians, 30.7% (95% CI, 25.8% to 35.2%) among subspecialist physicians, 12.1% (95% CI, 4.4% to 19.2%) among dentists, and 25.7% (95% CI, 21.4% to 29.8%) among other prescribers. Antibiotics indicated for respiratory infections decreased by 43.7% (95% CI, 38.4% to 48.6%). Total patient visits and visits for respiratory infections decreased by 10.7% (95% CI, 5.4% to 15.6%) and 49.9% (95% CI, 43.1% to 55.9%). Total antibiotic prescriptions/1000 visits decreased by 27.5% (95% CI, 21.5% to 33.0%), while antibiotics indicated for respiratory infections/1000 visits with respiratory infections only decreased by 6.8% (95% CI, 2.7% to 10.8%). Conclusions The reduction in outpatient antibiotic prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic was driven by less antibiotic prescribing for respiratory indications and largely explained by decreased visits for respiratory infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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31. Age- and sex-stratified risks of myocarditis and pericarditis attributable to COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Kitano T, Salmon DA, Dudley MZ, Saldanha IJ, Thompson DA, and Engineer L

Abstract

While COVID-19 vaccines are generally very safe, the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis has been established following mRNA vaccines, with the highest risk in young males. Most systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the risk of myocarditis or pericarditis have included passive surveillance data, which is subject to reporting errors. Accurate measures of age-, sex-, vaccine dose-, and vaccine type-specific risks are crucial for assessment of the benefits and risks of the vaccination. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis attributable COVID-19 vaccines was conducted stratified by age groups, sex, vaccine type, and vaccine dose. Five electronic databases and grey literature sources were searched on November 21, 2023.Studies that compared a COVID-19 vaccinated group with an unvaccinated group or time period (e.g., self-controlled) were included. Passive surveillance data were excluded. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models. We identified 4,030 records and included 17 studies. Compared with unvaccinated groups or unvaccinated time periods, the highest attributable risk of myocarditis/pericarditis was observed after their 2nd dose in males aged 12-17 years (10.18 per 100,000 doses (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.50-19.87)) to BNT162b2 and in males aged 18-24 years (AR 20.02 per 100,000 doses (95% CI 10.47-29.57)) for mRNA-1273. The stratified results based on active surveillance data provide the most accurate available estimates of the risks of myocarditis and pericarditis attributable to specific COVID-19 vaccinations for specific populations., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2024
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