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Water reuse is one of the most sustainable water augmentation option to cope up with the high water demands of the developing communities globally. It has several additional benefits such as nutrient recovery, economic gains and environmental benefits. Even though, water reuse is economical and sustainable, its practical implementation at a wide scale has many technical, social, institutional and regulatory challenges, especially in developing countries like India. In India, there is a scarcity of stringent national regulations and guidelines for the safe implementation of wastewater reuse systems. In this study, the assessment of the existing regulatory framework for treated wastewater reuse is done to understand the need of current and future policy interventions and recommendations are made based on expert consultation. The legal assessment highlights the importance of consultation, communication and education in the development of an effective regulatory structure. The analysis of the expert reviews suggests inclusion of policy directives based on funding sources and technical infrastructure to support the growth of water reuse in India.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the current state of research on Personal Financial Management Behavior (PFMB), with a prime focus on its antecedents and the consequences. By analyzing the research trends, methods, determinants and outcomes, the PFMB literature is synthesized, and agenda for future research is suggested. A framework is presented that portrays PFMB's antecedents and consequences and further specification of the mediation and moderation linkages.Design/methodology/approachThe review is based on 160 articles published during 1970–2020. It follows a systematic approach and presents the definitions and theories of PFMB, publication trends based on time, region, sample population, research designs, data collection and analysis techniques, along with antecedents and outcomes through content analysis.FindingsThe synthesis draws upon various factors affecting PFMB, such as demographics, socio-economic, psychological, social, cultural, financial experience, financial literacy (FL) and technological factors. The prominent outcomes of PFMB include financial satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, quality of life, financial success, happiness, financial vulnerability/resilience and financial well-being. The future research agenda sums up the recommendations in the form of research questions on variables and their linkages, followed by methodological advancements.Originality/valueThis paper covers the scholarly work done in this area in the past 51 years. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first attempt to offer a most comprehensive and collective scholarship of this subject. It further gives an extensive future research agenda.

Water availability is facing crisis throughout the world because of various factors viz., population growth, climate change, and rapid urbanization, leading to the requirement of treated wastewater as an additional source of water supply. However, the actual amount of wastewater that may be reused depends on many factors such as water demand, availability, cost and social acceptability, etc. In this study, a linear programming model has been developed to identify the amount of treated wastewater that may be used for various applications subject to water availability and demand constraints, taking Delhi city as a case study. The results suggest that wastewater reuse has the maximum potential in agriculture and landscape irrigation use followed by domestic and industrial applications. The framework developed in the study provides useful information for integrated planning and management of the reuse of wastewater in order to augment the existing water supply. It may be modified and used for the estimation of wastewater reuse potential in other areas with similar conditions.

Behavioral science has made a considerable contribution to finance. To gain an understanding of the scientific contributions emerging from all fields of finance with a behavioral perspective, this paper reviews the content of the major journal dedicated to behavioral finance, the Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance (JBEF), since its foundation 8 years ago. For this purpose, we employ bibliometrics and content analysis to shed light on the publication trends and intellectual structure of the JBEF, obtaining numerous intriguing findings. First, the JBEF is still a young journal, and its numbers of publications and citations have grown significantly since its inception. Second, though there are contributions from all parts of the world, the United States is acknowledged as contributing the most to the JBEF. Diverse authors have contributed to the journal, but those affiliated with the University of Innsbruck and Macquarie University lead the list. Third, most of the studies have used the theoretical underpinnings of behavioral theory and prospect theory. Methodologically, most of the studies are empirical and primarily based on quantitative research designs, archival data and regression analysis. Fourth, the JBEF’s contributions concern eight intellectual clusters—namely personal characteristics and national cultures; psychological factors, financial literacy and robo-advising; investor sentiment and stock market volatility; asset market experiments; overconfidence and the disposition effects in the stock market; externalities (COVID-19) and financial markets; socially responsible investing; and herding behavior in financial markets. Finally, “behavioral finance” is the most prominently used author keyword in the JBEF’s publications, followed by “financial literacy”. All in all, these findings should offer readers a retrospection of scholarly contributions from the JBEF.

Air pollution is one of the foremost and grave public health and environmental anxiety in most of evolving countries. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to provide insight details about current situation of air quality across various cities present in India, along with countless origins and effects of air pollution. An attempt is made to make people aware about various types of gases and particulate matter present in air highlighting their effects on environment along with the various ways of overcoming this situation. Methods: The National Air Quality Index (NAQI) ensures comparison amongst various cities so that new measures can be formulated in order to decrease the quantity of particulate matter present in air. In this paper concentration of various pollutants along with various harmful gases for various cities of India are analyzed based on past NAQI data thereby highlighting those areas which are under extensive menace of pollution. Findings: It has been perceived from past few years that the rate at which Urban Air Pollution across India has grown is alarming due to severe unsafe web of particulate matter (PM) and harmful gases present in air that living organism’s breath. Levels of particulate matter are extremely higher in all cities of India. Only few cities are such that can be emphasized where Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) has started due to which they show some enhancement in quality of air but mostly affected areas are small and medium sized towns which suffer from phenomenal spurt in pollution in very critical manner. Due to increase in immense number of vehicles, industries and manufacturing units has resulted in excess assembly of pollutants in air making air pollution as a state of national emergency across various cities around the country.

Background: One of the basic environmental problems in Srinagar city is the Transport and Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Management of solid waste eradicates the impacts on environment and human health supporting the economic development as well. Objectives: The objective of the current study is to manage the solid waste produced in Srinagar city, identify zone generating the maximum amount of solid waste and suggest the proper disposal/management technique for the waste. Methods/Analysis: In the present study, the seasonal analysis of the MSW was done and tests were performed to find out the physical and chemical characteristics of waste. Samples were collected from the area generating maximum amount of waste and the composition of waste was determined. Findings: The analysis shows that MSW having a generation rate of 279.76 g/capita/day, has a moisture content of 53.42%, density of about 110.37 kg/m3, energy content of 26289 KJ/KG and contains 85.01% of organics. Landfilling would be an efficient method of solid waste disposal as a sanitary landfill provides disposal facility for about 20-30 years.

Background: Anthropogenic activities are major source of water pollution, particularly, because of haphazard dumping of heavy metals which get accumulated through trophic levels posing a severe risk to the surroundings. The removal of heavy metals from wastewater is, thus, very significant. Objective: The objective of the present study is to use rice husk, tea waste and orange peel for removal of Pb (II) ions by adsorption and to develop equilibrium and kinetic studies data for the same. Method: The batch process of adsorption was used and the concentration of lead adsorbed was measured titrimetrically. Findings: The maximum removal efficiency has been observed as 88% in tea waste and 80% in rice husk and orange peel. The equilibrium data obtained at optimized conditions for all the metal ions studied has been subjected to the isotherm models used for adsorption, namely, Langmuir and Freundlich. Further, to examine the kinetics for adsorption of Pb (II) ions on the adsorbents under study, pseudo first order and second order equations have been analysed. Thus, it was concluded that the utilization of low cost waste materials for treating wastewater using adsorption is effective, ecofriendly, locally available causing no pollution along with solving the problem of waste disposal.