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13. Role of Exchange Protein Directly Activated by Cyclic AMP Isoform 1 in Energy Homeostasis: Regulation of Leptin Expression and Secretion in White Adipose Tissue

Author

Hu, Yaohua, Robichaux, William G, Mei, Fang C, Kim, Eun Ran, Wang, Hui, Tong, Qingchun, Jin, Jianping, Xu, Mingxuan, Chen, Ju, and Cheng, Xiaodong

Subjects
Diabetes, Obesity, Nutrition, Underpinning research, Aetiology, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Cardiovascular, Oral and gastrointestinal, Stroke, Metabolic and endocrine, Cancer, Adipose Tissue, White, Animals, Diet, High-Fat, Disease Models, Animal, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Gene Knockout Techniques, Glucose Intolerance, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Leptin, Male, Mice, NIH 3T3 Cells, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Epacs (exchange proteins directly activated by cyclic AMP [cAMP]) act as downstream effectors of cAMP and play important roles in energy balance and glucose homeostasis. While global deletion of Epac1 in mice leads to heightened leptin sensitivity in the hypothalamus and partial protection against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, the physiological functions of Epac1 in white adipose tissue (WAT) has not been explored. Here, we report that adipose tissue-specific Epac1 knockout (AEKO) mice are more prone to HFD-induced obesity, with increased food intake, reduced energy expenditure, and impaired glucose tolerance. Despite the fact that AEKO mice on HFD display increased body weight, these mice have decreased circulating leptin levels compared to their wild-type littermates. In vivo and in vitro analyses further reveal that suppression of Epac1 in WAT decreases leptin mRNA expression and secretion by inhibiting cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein and AKT phosphorylation, respectively. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Epac1 plays an important role in regulating energy balance and glucose homeostasis by promoting leptin expression and secretion in WAT.

Published
2016

14. Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in T1 Colorectal Cancer Using Artificial Intelligence with Hematoxylin and Eosin-Stained Whole-Slide-Images of Endoscopic and Surgical Resection Specimens.

Author

Song, Joo Hye, Kim, Eun Ran, Hong, Yiyu, Sohn, Insuk, Ahn, Soomin, Kim, Seok-Hyung, and Jang, Kee-Taek

Subjects
*LYMPH nodes, *RISK assessment, *PREDICTION models, *T-test (Statistics), *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, *DATA analysis, *STATISTICAL significance, *RESEARCH funding, *ARTIFICIAL intelligence, *COLORECTAL cancer, *ENDOSCOPIC surgery, *MINIMALLY invasive procedures, *MANN Whitney U Test, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *METASTASIS, *DEEP learning, *DATA analysis software, *ENDOSCOPY, *DISEASE complications
Abstract

Simple Summary: We developed an attention-based whole slide image (WSI)-level classification deep learning model employing surgically and endoscopically resected specimens to predict LNM in T1 CRC. Our AI model with H&E-stained WSIs and without annotations showed good performance power with the validation of an independent cohort in a single center. The area under the curve of our model was 0.781–0.824, higher than that of previous artificial intelligence (AI) studies with only WSIs. Our AI model, which showed the highest sensitivity (92.9%), reduced unnecessary additional surgery by 14.2% more than using the current JSCCR guidelines (68.3% vs. 82.5%). This revealed the feasibility of using an AI model with only H&E-stained WSIs to predict LNM in T1 CRC. According to the current guidelines, additional surgery is performed for endoscopically resected specimens of early colorectal cancer (CRC) with a high risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM). However, the rate of LNM is 2.1–25.0% in cases treated endoscopically followed by surgery, indicating a high rate of unnecessary surgeries. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model using H&E-stained whole slide images (WSIs) without handcrafted features employing surgically and endoscopically resected specimens to predict LNM in T1 CRC. To validate with an independent cohort, we developed a model with four versions comprising various combinations of training and test sets using H&E-stained WSIs from endoscopically (400 patients) and surgically resected specimens (881 patients): Version 1, Train and Test: surgical specimens; Version 2, Train and Test: endoscopic and surgically resected specimens; Version 3, Train: endoscopic and surgical specimens and Test: surgical specimens; Version 4, Train: endoscopic and surgical specimens and Test: endoscopic specimens. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the accuracy of the AI model for predicting LNM with a 5-fold cross-validation in the training set. Our AI model with H&E-stained WSIs and without annotations showed good performance power with the validation of an independent cohort in a single center. The AUC of our model was 0.758–0.830 in the training set and 0.781–0.824 in the test set, higher than that of previous AI studies with only WSI. Moreover, the AI model with Version 4, which showed the highest sensitivity (92.9%), reduced unnecessary additional surgery by 14.2% more than using the current guidelines (68.3% vs. 82.5%). This revealed the feasibility of using an AI model with only H&E-stained WSIs to predict LNM in T1 CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. A survey of current practices in post-polypectomy surveillance in Korea.

Author

Kim, Jeongseok, Gweon, Tae-Geun, Kwak, Min Seob, Kim, Su Young, Kim, Seong Jung, Kim, Hyun Gun, Kim, Eun Ran, Hong, Sung Noh, Kim, Eun Sun, Moon, Chang Mo, Myung, Dae Seong, Baek, Dong Hoon, Oh, Shin Ju, Lee, Hyun Jung, Lee, Ji Young, Jung, Yunho, Chun, Jaeyoung, and Yang, Dong-Hoon

Subjects
POLYPECTOMY, COLORECTAL cancer, POLYPS
Abstract

Background/Aims: We investigated the clinical practice patterns of post-polypectomy colonoscopic surveillance among Korean endoscopists. Methods: In a web-based survey conducted between September and November 2021, participants were asked about their preferred surveillance intervals and the patient age at which surveillance was discontinued. Adherence to the recent guidelines of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer (USMSTF) was also analyzed. Results: In total, 196 endoscopists completed the survey. The most preferred first surveillance intervals were: a 5-year interval after the removal of 1-2 tubular adenomas < 10 mm; a 3-year interval after the removal of 3-10 tubular adenomas < 10 mm, adenomas = 10 mm, tubulovillous or villous adenomas, = 20 hyperplastic polyps < 10 mm, 1-4 sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) < 10 mm, hyperplastic polyps or SSLs = 10 mm, and traditional serrated adenomas; and a 1-year interval after the removal of adenomas with highgrade dysplasia, >10 adenomas, 5-10 SSLs, and SSLs with dysplasia. In piecemeal resections of large polyps (> 20 mm), surveillance colonoscopy was mostly preferred after 1 year for adenomas and 6 months for SSLs. The mean USMSTF guideline adherence rate was 30.7%. The largest proportion of respondents (40.8%-55.1%) discontinued the surveillance at the patient age of 80-84 years. Conclusions: A significant discrepancy was observed between the preferred post-polypectomy surveillance intervals and recent international guidelines. Individualized measures are required to increase adherence to the guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Incremental Detection Rate of Dysplasia and Sessile Serrated Polyps/Adenomas Using Narrow-Band Imaging and Dye Spray Chromoendoscopy in Addition to High-Definition Endoscopy in Patients with Long-Standing Extensive Ulcerative Colitis: Segmental Tandem Endoscopic Study

Author

Kim, Ji Eun, primary, Choi, Chang Wan, additional, Hong, Sung Noh, additional, Song, Joo Hye, additional, Kim, Eun Ran, additional, Chang, Dong Kyung, additional, and Kim, Young-Ho, additional

Published
2023
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28. EP1353: CLINICAL FEATURES, OUTCOMES AND RISK FACTORS FOR BLEEDING AFTER ENDOSCOPIC RESECTION OF SUBMUCOSAL INVASIVE COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS

Author

Hong, Ji taek, primary, Choi, Hyuk Soon, additional, Moon, Chang Mo, additional, Lee, Yoojin, additional, Lee, Hyun Jung, additional, Hwang, Sung Wook, additional, Kim, Dae Bum, additional, Kim, Eun Ran, additional, Kim, Kyeong Ok, additional, Lee, Jun, additional, Jung, Yunho, additional, Kim, Hyun Gun, additional, and Byeon, Jeong-Sik, additional

Published
2022
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29. Short Term Isocaloric Ketogenic Diet Modulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Via B-hydroxybutyrate and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21

Author

Kim, Eun Ran, primary, Kim, So Ra, additional, Cho, Wonhee, additional, Lee, Sang-Guk, additional, Kim, Soo Hyun, additional, Kim, Jin Hee, additional, Choi, Eunhye, additional, Kim, Jeong-Ho, additional, Yu, Je-Wook, additional, Lee, Byung-Wan, additional, Kang, Eun Seok, additional, Cha, Bong-Soo, additional, Lee, Myung-Shik, additional, Cho, Jin Won, additional, Jeon, Justin Y., additional, and Lee, Yong-ho, additional

Published
2022
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30. sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221137430 – Supplemental material for Risk of prostate cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea

Author

Na, Ji Eun, Kim, Tae Jun, Lee, Yeong Chan, Kim, Ji Eun, Kim, Eun Ran, Hong, Sung Noh, Chang, Dong Kyung, and Kim, Young-Ho

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences, 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified, 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221137430 for Risk of prostate cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea by Ji Eun Na, Tae Jun Kim, Yeong Chan Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Eun Ran Kim, Sung Noh Hong, Dong Kyung Chang and Young-Ho Kim in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Published
2022
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33. Specificity of clinical decision support tools for vedolizumab and ustekinumab in biologically naïve patients with Crohn's disease

Author

Kim, Ji Eun, Won, Hojeong, Kim, Young-Ho, Kim, Eun Ran, Hong, Sung Noh, and Chang, Dong Kyung

Subjects
Treatment Outcome, Crohn Disease, Gastroenterology, Humans, Ustekinumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Decision Support Systems, Clinical
Abstract

Clinical decision support tools (CDST) were developed to predict drug response to various biological treatments for Crohn’s disease (CD). This study investigated whether CDSTs for vedolizumab (V-CDST) and ustekinumab (U-CDST) can be used as prognostic or drug-specific markers to predict response. A hypothetical scenario involving 872 patients with CD who were exposed to the first biological therapy at Samsung Medical Center between 1995 and 2020 is presented. V-CDST & U-CDST were calculated based on clinical and laboratory data immediately before the first biologic was initiated. The Cumulative Link Mixed Model (CLMM) test, weighted Kappa and plot, and Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the degree of agreement and difference between the two tools. 25% of all patients diagnosed with biologically naïve CD were categorized into different probability groups using V-CDST and U-CDST. The difference between the two tools was significantly based on a two-sample paired ordinal test with Cumulative Link Mixed Model (CLMM) (p-value < .001). Concordance between the two tools with a total of 654 subjects (75% of all patients) showed a similar probability (weighted Kappa: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.41–0.52). V-CDST and U-CDST are useful in selecting vedolizumab or ustekinumab in 25% of biologically naïve CD patients in our hypothetical scenario.

Published
2021

34. Factors Affecting Route Selection of Balloon-Assisted Enteroscopy in Patients with Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A KASID Multicenter Study

Author

Baek, Dong Hoon, primary, Hwang, Seonyeong, additional, Eun, Chang Soo, additional, Jeon, Seong Ran, additional, Kim, Jinsu, additional, Kim, Eun Ran, additional, Yang, Dong-Hoon, additional, Jang, Hyun Joo, additional, Im, Jong Pil, additional, Park, Soo Jung, additional, and Jung, Sung Hoon, additional

Published
2021
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