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8 results on '"Katarina Prosenc Trilar"'

1. Seasonality and Genotype Diversity of Human Rhinoviruses during an Eight-Year Period in Slovenia

Author

Nataša Berginc, Maja Sočan, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, and Miroslav Petrovec

Subjects
rhinovirus, infection, seasonality, genotype diversity, demographic factors, meteorological factors, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Due to the high socioeconomic burden of rhinoviruses, the development of prevention and treatment strategies is of high importance. Understanding the epidemiological and clinical features of rhinoviruses is essential in order to address these issues. Our study aimed to define the seasonality and molecular epidemiology of rhinoviruses in Slovenia. Over a period of eight years, a total of 20,425 patients from sentinel primary healthcare settings and sentinel hospitals were examined for a panel of respiratory viruses in the national programme for the surveillance of influenza-like illnesses and acute respiratory infections. The patients were from all age groups and had respiratory infections of various severity. Infection with a rhinovirus was confirmed using an RT-rPCR in 1834 patients, and 1480 rhinoviruses were genotyped. The molecular analysis was linked to demographical and meteorological data. We confirmed the year-round circulation of rhinoviruses with clear seasonal cycles, resulting in two seasonal waves with peaks in spring and autumn. High levels of genotype variability and co-circulation were confirmed between and within seasons and were analysed in terms of patient age, the patient source reflecting disease severity, and meteorological factors. Our study provides missing scientific information on the genotype diversity of rhinoviruses in Slovenia. As most previous investigations focused on exclusive segments of the population, such as children or hospitalised patients, and for shorter study periods, our study, with its design, size and length, contributes complementary aspects and new evidence-based knowledge to the regional and global understanding of rhinovirus seasonality and molecular epidemiology.

Published
2024
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2. Robust Saliva-Based RNA Extraction-Free One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification Test for Mass SARS-CoV-2 Monitoring

Author

Eva Rajh, Tina Šket, Arne Praznik, Petra Sušjan, Alenka Šmid, Dunja Urbančič, Irena Mlinarič-Raščan, Polona Kogovšek, Tina Demšar, Mojca Milavec, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, Žiga Jensterle, Mihaela Zidarn, Viktorija Tomič, Gabriele Turel, Tatjana Lejko-Zupanc, Roman Jerala, and Mojca Benčina

Subjects
saliva, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, LAMP, RT-qPCR, passive drool, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

Early diagnosis with rapid detection of the virus plays a key role in preventing the spread of infection and in treating patients effectively. In order to address the need for a straightforward detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection and assessment of viral spread, we developed rapid, sensitive, extraction-free one-step reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. We analyzed over 700 matched pairs of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab (NSB) specimens from asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. Saliva, as either an oral cavity swab or passive drool, was collected in an RNA stabilization buffer. The stabilized saliva specimens were heat-treated and directly analyzed without RNA extraction. The diagnostic sensitivity of saliva-based RT-qPCR was at least 95% in individuals with subclinical infection and outperformed RT-LAMP, which had at least 70% sensitivity when compared to NSBs analyzed with a clinical RT-qPCR test. The diagnostic sensitivity for passive drool saliva was higher than that of oral cavity swab specimens (95% and 87%, respectively). A rapid, sensitive one-step extraction-free RT-qPCR test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in passive drool saliva is operationally simple and can be easily implemented using existing testing sites, thus allowing high-throughput, rapid, and repeated testing of large populations. Furthermore, saliva testing is adequate to detect individuals in an asymptomatic screening program and can help improve voluntary screening compliance for those individuals averse to various forms of nasal collections.

Published
2021
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3. Epidemiological and clinical features of patients infected with influenza a (H1N1) in slovenia

Author

Maja Sočan, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, Nataša Berginc, and Tatjana Frelih

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Background Introduction of the novel virus influenza A (H1N1)v in Slovenia directed enhanced surveillance and introduction of measures to delay the progress of pandemic virus. Patients and Active case finding started in April 2009 and first case was confirmed on 19th June 2009. methods Epidemiological and clinical data of first one hundred cases with confirmed influenza A (H1N1)v infection were collected. results Majority of patients, infected with novel pandemic virus, acquired the infection abroad, most often in Greece and Spain. Only three patients obtained the infection in Slovenia. The greater part of patients was young, 80 % was younger than 30 years of age. Both sexes were equally affected. Signs and symptoms did not differ from seasonal influenza: patients were subfebrile or febrile (66 %) with cough (81 %) and headache (63 %), accompanied by soar throat (59 %) and nasal discharge (54 %). Diarrhoea affected 9 % of the patients which is uncommon for influenza virus infections. The course of influenza was uneven and no one was hospitalized. Antivirals were given to majority of cases (86) and 17 (20 %) experienced side effects with gastrointestinal tract most often affected. conclusions Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of first hundred patients infected with novel, pandemic influenza did not differ compared with patients reported from other European countries.

Published
2009

4. Preparing for an influenza season 2021/22 with a likely co-circulation of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2

Author

Katarina Prosenc Trilar and Amparo Larrauri

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), biology, Epidemiology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Orthomyxoviridae, MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Influenza season, biology.organism_classification, Virology, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Virus, InformationSystems_GENERAL, Editorial, Influenza, Human, Medicine, Humans, Seasons, business
Abstract

Editorial No

Published
2021

5. Robust Saliva-Based RNA Extraction-Free One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification Test for Mass SARS-CoV-2 Monitoring

Author

Roman Jerala, Petra Sušjan, T. Demšar, Gabriele Turel, Viktorija Tomič, Žiga Jensterle, Mihaela Zidarn, Tatjana Lejko-Zupanc, Alenka Šmid, Mojca Benčina, Dunja Urbančič, Eva Rajh, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, Irena Mlinarič-Raščan, Polona Kogovšek, Mojca Milavec, Arne Praznik, and Tina Šket

Subjects
Saliva, passive drool, real-time polymerase chain reaction, oral cavity swab, Pharmaceutical Science, Analytical Chemistry, COVID-19 Testing, QD241-441, Drug Discovery, Mass Screening, Medicine, Verižna reakcija s polimerazo v realnem času, verižna reakcija s polimerazo v realnem času, Subclinical infection, COVID-19 serological testing, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-CoV-2, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Covid-19, Chemistry (miscellaneous), RNA, Viral, Molecular Medicine, RNA extraction, medicine.symptom, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, bris ustne sluznice, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, Slina, Sensitivity and Specificity, Asymptomatic, Article, slina, Specimen Handling, serološko testiranje za COVID-19, LAMP, Saliva testing, udc:616.9, Humans, pooling, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Mass screening, oral cavity swab, passive drool, pooling, saliva, Serološko testiranje za COVID-19, business.industry, RT-qPCR, Organic Chemistry, COVID-19, Nucleic acid amplification technique, Virology, združeni vzorci, RNA, business, bris ustne sluznice, združeni vzorci
Abstract

Early diagnosis with rapid detection of the virus plays a key role in preventing the spread of infection and in treating patients effectively. In order to address the need for a straightforward detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection and assessment of viral spread, we developed rapid, sensitive, extraction-free one-step reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in saliva. We analyzed over 700 matched pairs of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab (NSB) specimens from asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. Saliva, as either an oral cavity swab or passive drool, was collected in an RNA stabilization buffer. The stabilized saliva specimens were heat-treated and directly analyzed without RNA extraction. The diagnostic sensitivity of saliva-based RT-qPCR was at least 95% in individuals with subclinical infection and outperformed RT-LAMP, which had at least 70% sensitivity when compared to NSBs analyzed with a clinical RT-qPCR test. The diagnostic sensitivity for passive drool saliva was higher than that of oral cavity swab specimens (95% and 87%, respectively). A rapid, sensitive one-step extraction-free RT-qPCR test for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in passive drool saliva is operationally simple and can be easily implemented using existing testing sites, thus allowing high-throughput, rapid, and repeated testing of large populations. Furthermore, saliva testing is adequate to detect individuals in an asymptomatic screening program and can help improve voluntary screening compliance for those individuals averse to various forms of nasal collections. Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Soavtorji: Tina Šket, Arne Praznik, Petra Sušjan, Alenka Šmid, Dunja Urbančič, Irena Mlinarič-Raščan, Polona Kogovšek, Tina Demšar, Mojca Milavec, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, Žiga Jensterle, Mihaela Zidarn, Viktorija Tomič, Gabriele Turel, Tatjana Lejko-Zupanc, Roman Jerala, Mojca Benčina. Opis vira z dne 5. 11. 2021. Eva Rajh in Tina Šket sta enakovredni prvi avtorici. Št. članka: 6617. Bibliografija: str. 17-19. Abstract. ARRS ARRS ARRS ARRS ARRS Ministry of Education, Science, and Sport (MIZŠ) and the European Regional Development Fund, RI-SI-EATRIS

Published
2021
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6. Determining the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in Slovenia

Author

Jaro Lajovic, Maja Sočan, Eva Grilc, and Katarina Prosenc Trilar

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Average duration, Veterinary medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Slovenia, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Biology, Virus, medicine, Humans, season threshold, Respiratory system, Epidemics, Epidemic season, seasonality, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, MEM, RSV, Original Articles, Seasonality, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Respiratory pathogens, Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, surveillance, Original Article, Seasons, National laboratory
Abstract

Background In Slovenia, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surveillance is based on national laboratory data. The weeks with more than 10% of samples tested positive compose RSV epidemic season. The use of real‐time multiplex PCR, which identifies other respiratory pathogens in parallel with RSV, caused more testing but the percentage of RSV positives lowered. The 10% threshold was reached with delay, which raised concern about its suitability for defining RSV seasonality. Methods To describe the seasonality of RSV, the onset, offset and duration of the RSV epidemic season across 10 years (from week 40, 2008/2009 to week 39, 2017/2018), four calculative methods were deployed including moving epidemic method, MEM, and epidemiological parameters were compared. Results In 10 years, 10 969 (12%) out of 90 264 samples tested positive for RSV. The number of tested samples increased remarkably from the first to last season with a drop in the percentage of positive samples from 23% to 10%. The onset of RSV epidemic varied considerably regardless of the calculative method used (from 10 to 13 weeks). The unevenness in the RSV epidemic season end was also observed. The average duration of RSV epidemic season was the shortest when moving epidemic method has been used (15.7 weeks) and longest with ≥3% method (22.9 weeks). Conclusion The ≥3% calculative method could be used as an early warning of the RSV season. However, ≥7% calculative method was found to be reliable enough to define the epidemiological parameters of an ongoing season and to support public health response. The potential of the moving epidemic method should be further explored.

Published
2019

7. The impact of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus on hospitalizations for lower respiratory tract infections in young children: Slovenia, 2006-2011

Author

Maja Sočan, Katarina Prosenc Trilar, and Veronika Učakar

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, viruses, Population, Orthomyxoviridae, Pneumonia, Viral, Slovenia, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Virus, respiratory syncytial viruses, Pandemic, Influenza, Human, Medicine, Humans, education, Bronchitis, hospitalizations, Children, Retrospective Studies, Part 2 Epidemiology and Impact of Respiratory Virus Infections, education.field_of_study, biology, Respiratory tract infections, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, virus diseases, Infant, Original Articles, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, respiratory tract diseases, Hospitalization, Pneumonia, Infectious Diseases, Bronchiolitis, Child, Preschool, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Immunology, Female, Original Article, business, influenza viruses
Abstract

Background Influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) are important viral pathogens in childhood. Objectives Our aim was to estimate the effect of influenza and RSV on excess hospitalizations for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in children aged ≤5. Methods Retrospective, population-based study was performed for five seasons (2006–2011). Slovenian national hospital discharge data and surveillance data were used to estimate the effect of influenza and/or RSV on ALRTI hospitalizations (acute bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and acute bronchitis) using rate difference method. Results An excess was observed in average weekly ALRTI hospitalizations per 100 000 among children aged ≤5 in all five seasons during influenza and/or RSV active period. During three seasons, there was higher excess in ALRTI hospitalizations in the period when influenza/RSV cocirculated compared with the RSV period. In pandemic season (2009/2010), the only one without influenza/RSV overlap, excess hospitalization was higher in RSV period. The highest excess of hospitalizations was found among the youngest children (0-5 months old). In all five seasons, acute bronchiolitis was the most common ALRTI recorded in hospitalized young children. Conclusions Respiratory syncytial viruses was leading viral pathogen associated with ALRTI hospitalizations in children aged ≤5. The cocirculation of influenza virus increased the burden of ALRTI hospitalizations especially in seasons with A(H3) predominance.

Published
2013

8. The management of highly pathogenic influenza h5n1 virus with possible interhuman transmission

Author

Maja Sočan, Tatjana Lužnik-Bufon, and Katarina Prosenc-Trilar

Subjects
health care facilities, food safety, control measures, viruses, animal diseases, lcsh:R, virus diseases, lcsh:Medicine, highly pathogenic avian influenza
Abstract

Background: Avian influenza is an infectious disease of birds caused by A strain of the influenza virus. Some strains are highly contagious causing rapidly a fatal disease in poultry. The strains are known as HPAI (highly pathogenic avian influenza). Until year 1997, direct transmission of HPAI to humans was not known. During the last large outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in South-East Asia in 2004, the virus was transmitted to relatively low number of humans with a high mortality rate. The measures were taken to contain the outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in South-East Asia. However, there is a possibility that the disease might spread to other parts of the world. There is also a certain degree of concern regarding more intensified spread from birds to humans and frequent interhuman transmission.Conclusions: In our paper, we present the recommended infectious control precautions in health care facilities with possible or confirmed case of HPAI H5N1, control measures in case of outbreak of HPAI in poultry in Slovenia and recommendations for travellers to the affected areas.

Published
2005

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