166 results on '"Karama, Sherif"'
Search Results
2. Genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical structure in general population samples of 22,824 adults.
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Hofer, Edith, Roshchupkin, Gennady V, Adams, Hieab HH, Knol, Maria J, Lin, Honghuang, Li, Shuo, Zare, Habil, Ahmad, Shahzad, Armstrong, Nicola J, Satizabal, Claudia L, Bernard, Manon, Bis, Joshua C, Gillespie, Nathan A, Luciano, Michelle, Mishra, Aniket, Scholz, Markus, Teumer, Alexander, Xia, Rui, Jian, Xueqiu, Mosley, Thomas H, Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Seiler, Stephan, Becker, James T, Carmichael, Owen, Rotter, Jerome I, Psaty, Bruce M, Lopez, Oscar L, Amin, Najaf, van der Lee, Sven J, Yang, Qiong, Himali, Jayandra J, Maillard, Pauline, Beiser, Alexa S, DeCarli, Charles, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Harris, Mat, Bastin, Mark E, Deary, Ian J, Veronica Witte, A, Beyer, Frauke, Loeffler, Markus, Mather, Karen A, Schofield, Peter R, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Kwok, John B, Wright, Margaret J, Ames, David, Trollor, Julian, Jiang, Jiyang, Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Vernooij, Meike W, Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, André G, Niessen, Wiro J, Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Völker, Uwe, Pausova, Zdenka, Bruce Pike, G, Maingault, Sophie, Crivello, Fabrice, Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Mazoyer, Bernard, Neale, Michael C, Franz, Carol E, Lyons, Michael J, Panizzon, Matthew S, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Logue, Mark, Grasby, Katrina L, Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P, Lind, Penelope A, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Stein, Jason L, Thompson, Paul M, Medland, Sarah E, ENIGMA consortium, Sachdev, Perminder S, Kremen, William S, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Villringer, Arno, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Grabe, Hans J, Longstreth, William T, Fornage, Myriam, Paus, Tomas, Debette, Stephanie, Ikram, M Arfan, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, and Seshadri, Sudha
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ENIGMA consortium ,Brain ,Chromosome Structures ,Humans ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,Cognition ,Mental Disorders ,Genomics ,Aging ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Adult ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Genetics ,Neurosciences ,Human Genome ,Brain Disorders ,Biotechnology ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Neurological - Abstract
Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here we report heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of these cortical measures across the whole cortex, and in 34 anatomically predefined regions. Our discovery sample comprises 22,824 individuals from 20 cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank. We identify genetic heterogeneity between cortical measures and brain regions, and 160 genome-wide significant associations pointing to wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and sonic hedgehog pathways. There is enrichment for genes involved in anthropometric traits, hindbrain development, vascular and neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric conditions. These data are a rich resource for studies of the biological mechanisms behind cortical development and aging.
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- 2020
3. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex
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Grasby, Katrina L, Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P, Lind, Penelope A, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher RK, McMahon, Mary Agnes B, Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo CP, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Zhu, Alyssa H, Strike, Lachlan T, Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio AA, Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K, Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R, Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M, Buimer, Elizabeth EL, Bülow, Robin, Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M, Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M, Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K, de Zubicaray, Greig I, de Zwarte, Sonja MC, Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O, Foley, Sonya F, Ford, Judith M, Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E, Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L, Green, Melissa J, Groenewold, Nynke A, Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P, Gutman, Boris A, Hansell, Narelle K, Harris, Mathew A, Harrison, Marc B, Haswell, Courtney C, Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E, Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R, Krämer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M, Lee, Phil H, Lett, Tristram A, Lewis, Lindsay B, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F, Mathias, Samuel R, Melzer, Tracy R, and Milaneschi, Yuri
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Biological Sciences ,Genetics ,Neurosciences ,Mental Health ,Brain Disorders ,Stem Cell Research ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Neurological ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Brain Mapping ,Cerebral Cortex ,Cognition ,Genetic Loci ,Genetic Variation ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Organ Size ,Parkinson Disease ,Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative ,CHARGE Consortium ,EPIGEN Consortium ,IMAGEN Consortium ,SYS Consortium ,Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative ,Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium (ENIGMA)—Genetics working group ,General Science & Technology - Abstract
The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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- 2020
4. Maturational trajectories of pericortical contrast in typical brain development
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Drakulich, Stefan, Thiffault, Anne-Charlotte, Olafson, Emily, Parent, Olivier, Labbe, Aurelie, Albaugh, Matthew D., Khundrakpam, Budhachandra, Ducharme, Simon, Evans, Alan, Chakravarty, Mallar M., and Karama, Sherif
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- 2021
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5. Randomness and nondeterminism: from genes to free will with implications for psychiatry
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Joober, Ridha and Karama, Sherif
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Genetic variation -- Health aspects ,Mental illness -- Genetic aspects ,Health ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
'One Toss of the Dice Will Never Abolish Chance' --Stephane Mallarme, 1898 Randomness and selection are fundamental processes rooted in the very basis of life, as postulated by the theory [...]
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- 2021
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6. Gray matter responsiveness to adaptive working memory training: a surface-based morphometry study
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Román, Francisco J, Lewis, Lindsay B, Chen, Chi-Hua, Karama, Sherif, Burgaleta, Miguel, Martínez, Kenia, Lepage, Claude, Jaeggi, Susanne M, Evans, Alan C, Kremen, William S, and Colom, Roberto
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Medical Physiology ,Neurosciences ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Mental health ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Brain ,Female ,Gray Matter ,Humans ,Intelligence ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Memory ,Short-Term ,Young Adult ,Cognitive training ,Brain plasticity ,Surface-based morphometry ,Cortical thickness ,Cortical surface area ,Cognitive Sciences ,Developmental Biology ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,Medical physiology - Abstract
Here we analyze gray matter indices before and after completing a challenging adaptive cognitive training program based on the n-back task. The considered gray matter indices were cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (CSA). Twenty-eight young women (age range 17-22 years) completed 24 training sessions over the course of 3 months (12 weeks, 24 sessions), showing expected performance improvements. CT and CSA values for the training group were compared with those of a matched control group. Statistical analyses were computed using a ROI framework defined by brain areas distinguished by their genetic underpinning. The interaction between group and time was analyzed. Middle temporal, ventral frontal, inferior parietal cortices, and pars opercularis were the regions where the training group showed conservation of gray matter with respect to the control group. These regions support working memory, resistance to interference, and inhibition. Furthermore, an interaction with baseline intelligence differences showed that the expected decreasing trend at the biological level for individuals showing relatively low intelligence levels at baseline was attenuated by the completed training.
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- 2016
7. Reproducibility of brain‐cognition relationships using three cortical surface‐based protocols: An exhaustive analysis based on cortical thickness
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Martínez, Kenia, Madsen, Sarah K, Joshi, Anand A, Joshi, Shantanu H, Román, Francisco J, Villalon-Reina, Julio, Burgaleta, Miguel, Karama, Sherif, Janssen, Joost, Marinetto, Eugenio, Desco, Manuel, Thompson, Paul M, and Colom, Roberto
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Brain Disorders ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Neurosciences ,Biomedical Imaging ,Mental Health ,Bioengineering ,Clinical Research ,1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes ,Underpinning research ,Mental health ,Neurological ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Brain ,Brain Mapping ,Cognition ,Female ,Humans ,Individuality ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Organ Size ,Reproducibility of Results ,Young Adult ,surface-based methods ,cortical thickness ,higher order cognition ,Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology - Abstract
People differ in their cognitive functioning. This variability has been exhaustively examined at the behavioral, neural and genetic level to uncover the mechanisms by which some individuals are more cognitively efficient than others. Studies investigating the neural underpinnings of interindividual differences in cognition aim to establish a reliable nexus between functional/structural properties of a given brain network and higher order cognitive performance. However, these studies have produced inconsistent results, which might be partly attributed to methodological variations. In the current study, 82 healthy young participants underwent MRI scanning and completed a comprehensive cognitive battery including measurements of fluid, crystallized, and spatial intelligence, along with working memory capacity/executive updating, controlled attention, and processing speed. The cognitive scores were obtained by confirmatory factor analyses. T1 -weighted images were processed using three different surface-based morphometry (SBM) pipelines, varying in their degree of user intervention, for obtaining measures of cortical thickness (CT) across the brain surface. Distribution and variability of CT and CT-cognition relationships were systematically compared across pipelines and between two cognitively/demographically matched samples to overcome potential sources of variability affecting the reproducibility of findings. We demonstrated that estimation of CT was not consistent across methods. In addition, among SBM methods, there was considerable variation in the spatial pattern of CT-cognition relationships. Finally, within each SBM method, results did not replicate in matched subsamples.
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- 2015
8. Reversed hierarchy in the brain for general and specific cognitive abilities: A morphometric analysis
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Román, Francisco J, Abad, Francisco J, Escorial, Sergio, Burgaleta, Miguel, Martínez, Kenia, Álvarez‐Linera, Juan, Quiroga, María Ángeles, Karama, Sherif, Haier, Richard J, and Colom, Roberto
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Neurosciences ,Mind and Body ,Clinical Research ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Brain ,Cognition ,Factor Analysis ,Statistical ,Female ,Gray Matter ,Humans ,Individuality ,Intelligence ,Intelligence Tests ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Models ,Psychological ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Organ Size ,Psychometrics ,Signal Processing ,Computer-Assisted ,Young Adult ,intelligence ,Voxel-based Morphometry ,surface-based morphometry ,cortical surface area ,cortical thickness ,Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology - Abstract
Intelligence is composed of a set of cognitive abilities hierarchically organized. General and specific abilities capture distinguishable, but related, facets of the intelligence construct. Here, we analyze gray matter with three morphometric indices (volume, cortical surface area, and cortical thickness) at three levels of the intelligence hierarchy (tests, first-order factors, and a higher-order general factor, g). A group of one hundred and four healthy young adults completed a cognitive battery and underwent high-resolution structural MRI. Latent scores were computed for the intelligence factors and tests were also analyzed. The key finding reveals substantial variability in gray matter correlates at the test level, which is substantially reduced for the first-order and the higher-order factors. This supports a reversed hierarchy in the brain with respect to cognitive abilities at different psychometric levels: the greater the generality, the smaller the number of relevant gray matter clusters accounting for individual differences in intelligent performance.
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- 2014
9. Cortical surface area variations within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are better predictors of future cognitive performance than fluid ability and working memory
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Roman, Francisco J., Jaeggi, Susanne M., Martinez, Kenia, Privado, Jesus, Lewis, Lindsay B., Chen, Chi-Hua, Escorial, Sergio, Kremen, William S., Karama, Sherif, and Colom, Roberto
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- 2019
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10. MRI assessment of cortical thickness and functional activity changes in adolescent girls following three months of practice on a visual-spatial task.
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Haier, Richard J, Karama, Sherif, Leyba, Leonard, and Jung, Rex E
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Bioinformatics ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Other Medical and Health Sciences - Abstract
BackgroundNeuro-imaging studies demonstrate plasticity of cortical gray matter before and after practice for some motor and cognitive tasks in adults. Other imaging studies show functional changes after practice, but there is not yet direct evidence of how structural and functional changes may be related. A fundamental question is whether they occur at the same cortical sites, adjacent sites, or sites in other parts of a network.FindingsUsing a 3 T MRI, we obtained structural and functional images in adolescent girls before and after practice on a visual-spatial problem-solving computer game, Tetris. After three months of practice, compared to the structural scans of controls, the group with Tetris practice showed thicker cortex, primarily in two areas: left BAs 6 and 22/38. Based on fMRI BOLD signals, the Tetris group showed cortical activations throughout the brain while playing Tetris, but significant BOLD decreases, mostly in frontal areas, were observed after practice. None of these BOLD decreases, however, overlapped with the cortical thickness changes.ConclusionRegional cortical thickness changes were observed after three months of Tetris practice. Over the same period, brain activity decreases were observed in several other areas. These data indicate that structural change in one brain area does not necessarily result in functional change in the same location, at least on the levels assessed with these MRI methods.
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- 2009
11. Individualized prediction of future cognition based on developmental changes in cortical anatomy
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Khundrakpam, Budhachandra, primary, Booij, Linda, additional, Jeon, Seun, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Tohka, Jussi, additional, and Evans, Alan C., additional
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- 2022
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12. Progression of White Matter Disease and Cortical Thinning Are Not Related in Older Community-Dwelling Subjects
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Dickie, David Alexander, Karama, Sherif, Ritchie, Stuart J., Cox, Simon R., Sakka, Eleni, Royle, Natalie A., Aribisala, Benjamin S., Hernández, Maria Valdés, Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Pattie, Alison, Corley, Janie, Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Evans, Alan C., Deary, Ian J., and Wardlaw, Joanna M.
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- 2016
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13. Structural insights into aberrant cortical morphometry and network organization in psychogenic erectile dysfunction
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Zhao, Lu, Guan, Min, Zhang, Xiangsheng, Karama, Sherif, Khundrakpam, Budhachandra, Wang, Meiyun, Dong, Minghao, Qin, Wei, Tian, Jie, Evans, Alan C., and Shi, Dapeng
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- 2015
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14. Anxious/Depressed Symptoms are Linked to Right Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortical Thickness Maturation in Healthy Children and Young Adults
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Ducharme, Simon, Albaugh, Matthew D., Hudziak, James J., Botteron, Kelly N., Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, Truong, Catherine, Evans, Alan C., Karama, Sherif, Ball, William S., Byars, Anna Weber, Schapiro, Mark, Bommer, Wendy, Carr, April, German, April, Dunn, Scott, Rivkin, Michael J., Waber, Deborah, Mulkern, Robert, Vajapeyam, Sridhar, Chiverton, Abigail, Davis, Peter, Koo, Julie, Marmor, Jacki, Mrakotsky, Christine, Robertson, Richard, McAnulty, Gloria, Brandt, Michael E., Fletcher, Jack M., Kramer, Larry A., Yang, Grace, McCormack, Cara, Hebert, Kathleen M., Volero, Hilda, Botteron, Kelly, McKinstry, Robert C., Warren, William, Nishino, Tomoyuki, Almli, C. Robert, Todd, Richard, Constantino, John, McCracken, James T., Levitt, Jennifer, Alger, Jeffrey, OʼNeil, Joseph, Toga, Arthur, Asarnow, Robert, Fadale, David, Heinichen, Laura, Ireland, Cedric, Wang, Dah-Jyuu, Moss, Edward, Zimmerman, Robert A., Bintliff, Brooke, Bradford, Ruth, Newman, Janice, Evans, Alan C., Arnaoutelis, Rozalia, Pike, G. Bruce, Collins, D. Louis, Leonard, Gabriel, Paus, Tomas, Zijdenbos, Alex, Das, Samir, Fonov, Vladimir, Fu, Luke, Harlap, Jonathan, Leppert, Ilana, Milovan, Denise, Vins, Dario, Zeffiro, Thomas, Van Meter, John, Lange, Nicholas, Froimowitz, Michael P., Botteron, Kelly, Almli, C. Robert, Rainey, Cheryl, Henderson, Stan, Nishino, Tomoyuki, Warren, William, Edwards, Jennifer L., Dubois, Diane, Smith, Karla, Singer, Tish, Wilber, Aaron A., Pierpaoli, Carlo, Basser, Peter J., Chang, Lin-Ching, Koay, Chen Guan, Walker, Lindsay, Freund, Lisa, Rumsey, Judith, Baskir, Lauren, Stanford, Laurence, Sirocco, Karen, Gwinn-Hardy, Katrina, Spinella, Giovanna, McCracken, James T., Alger, Jeffry R., Levitt, Jennifer, and OʼNeill, Joseph
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- 2014
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15. Subcortical regional morphology correlates with fluid and spatial intelligence
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Burgaleta, Miguel, MacDonald, Penny A., Martínez, Kenia, Román, Francisco J., Álvarez-Linera, Juan, González, Ana Ramos, Karama, Sherif, and Colom, Roberto
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- 2014
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16. Changes in resting-state functionally connected parietofrontal networks after videogame practice
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Martínez, Kenia, Solana, Ana Beatriz, Burgaleta, Miguel, Hernández-Tamames, Juan Antonio, Álvarez-Linera, Juan, Román, Francisco J., Alfayate, Eva, Privado, Jesús, Escorial, Sergio, Quiroga, María A., Karama, Sherif, Bellec, Pierre, and Colom, Roberto
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- 2013
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17. Estimating the effect-size of gene dosage on cognitive ability across the coding genome
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Huguet, Guillaume, Schramm, Catherine, Douard, Elise, Petra, Tamer, Main, Antoine, Monin, Pauline, England, Jade, Jizi, Khadije, Renne, Thomas, Poirier, Myriam, Nowak, Sabrina, Martin, Charles-Olivier, Younis, Nadine, Knoth, Inga Sophia, Jean-Louis, Martineau, Saci, Zohra, Auger, Maude, Tihy, Frédérique, Mathonnet, Géraldine, Maftei, Catalina, Léveillé, France, Porteous, David, Davies, Gail, Redmond, Paul, Harris, Sarah E., Hill, W. David, Lemyre, Emmanuelle, Schumann, Gunter, Bourgeron, Thomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Paus, Tomas, Karama, Sherif, Lippe, Sarah, Deary, Ian J., Almasy, Laura, Labbe, Aurélie, Glahn, David, Greenwood, Celia M.T., and Jacquemont, Sébastien
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endocrine system diseases ,mental disorders - Abstract
Rare genomic Copy Number Variants (CNVs) are major contributors to neurodevelopmental disorder. The vast majority of pathogenic CNVs reported back to patients are ultra-rare and their quantitative effects on traits such as intelligence are undocumented. Here, we identified all CNVs ≥ 50 kilobase in 24,092 individuals from unselected and autism cohorts. We developed statistical models to estimate the effect-size of CNVs on intelligence based on their coding and non-coding characteristics. Measures of intolerance to haploinsufficiency best explained the effect of any deletion or duplication on general intelligence. There was no heterogeneity across unselected and autism cohorts. Validation was performed using an intraclass concordance and showed that model estimates of general intelligence were 78% accurate with mean effect-sizes previously published for 47 CNVs. Inheritance data on 27,766 CNVs showed that deletions and duplications with the same large effect-size on intelligence occur de novo at the same frequency. Our first outline for the effect sizes of all coding genes on intelligence suggests that around 10,000 genes affect this trait.
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- 2020
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18. Association between carotid atheroma and cerebral cortex structure at age 73 years
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Alhusaini, Saud, Karama, Sherif, Nguyen, Tuong‐Vi, Thiel, Alexander, Bernhardt, Boris C., Cox, Simon R., Corley, Janie, Taylor, Adele, Evans, Alan C., Star, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., Deary, Ian J., and Ducharme, Simon
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Carotid Artery Diseases ,Cerebral Cortex ,Male ,Ultrasonography, Doppler ,Organ Size ,Mental Status and Dementia Tests ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Cohort Studies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Scotland ,cardiovascular system ,Humans ,Female ,cardiovascular diseases ,Research Articles ,Carotid Artery, Internal ,Research Article ,Aged - Abstract
Objective To examine the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral cortical thickness and investigate whether cortical thickness mediates the association between carotid atheroma and relative cognitive decline. Methods We assessed 554 community‐dwelling subjects (male/female: 296/258) from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and carotid Doppler ultrasound studies at age 73 years. The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis markers (internal carotid artery stenosis, intima–media thickness, velocity, pulsatility, and resistivity indexes) and vertex‐wide cerebral cortical thickness was examined cross‐sectionally, controlling for gender, extensive vascular risk factors (VRFs), and intelligence quotient at age 11 (IQ‐11). We also determined the association between carotid stenosis and a composite measure of fluid intelligence at age 73 years. A mediation model was applied to examine whether cortical thickness mediated the relationship between carotid stenosis and cognitive function. Results A widespread negative association was identified between carotid stenosis (median = 15%) and cerebral cortical thickness at age 73 years, independent of the side of carotid stenosis, other carotid measures, VRFs, and IQ‐11. This association increased in an almost dose–response relationship from mild to severe degrees of carotid stenosis, across the anterior and posterior circulation territories. A negative association was also noted between carotid stenosis and fluid intelligence (standardized beta coefficient = −0.151, p = 0.001), which appeared partly (approximately 22%) mediated by carotid stenosis‐related thinning of the cerebral cortex. Interpretation The findings suggest that carotid stenosis represents a marker of processes that accelerate aging of the cerebral cortex and cognition that is in part independent of measurable VRFs. Cortical thinning within the anterior and posterior circulation territories partially mediated the relationship between carotid atheroma and fluid intelligence. Ann Neurol 2018;84:576–587
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- 2018
19. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex
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Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R. K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C. P., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Zhu, Alyssa H., Strike, Lachlan T., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A. A., Alnaes, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R., Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E. L., Bulow, Robin, Burger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tania K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., den Braber, Anouk, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Green, Melissa J., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Kramer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C. V., Muhleisen, Thomas W., Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Putz, Benno, Quide, Yann, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Reay, William R., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Celine S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Genevieve, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina R., Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Schofield, Peter R., Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sonderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza L., van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G. M., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Wu, Jing Qin, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dennis, Michelle F., Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Hausler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack, Clifford R., Jr., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kimbrel, Nathan A., Kolskar, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mather, Karen A., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Noethen, Markus M., O'Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Rasser, Paul E., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Tooney, Paul A., Torres, Fabio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Adams, Hieab H. H., Bis, Joshua C., Debette, Stephanie, Decarli, Charles, Fornage, Myriam, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofer, Edith, Ikram, M. Arfan, Launer, Lenore, Longstreth, W. T., Lopez, Oscar L., Mazoyer, Bernard, Mosley, Thomas H., Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Satizabal, Claudia L., Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, Yang, Qiong, Alvim, Marina K. M., Ames, David, Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Beckham, Jean C., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brodaty, Henry, Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J., Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan J., Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J. C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernandez, Guillen, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Haberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Henskens, Frans A., Hillegers, Manon H. J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff, Jernigan, Terry L., Jonsson, Erik G., Kahn, Rene S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T. J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B. J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Loughland, Carmel M., Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean-Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Michie, Patricia T., Morey, Rajendra A., Mowry, Bryan, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Pantelis, Christos, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Samann, Philipp G., Schall, Ulrich, Schumann, Gunter, Scott, Rodney J., Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J. A., van't Ent, Dennis, Volzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wright, Margaret J., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R. K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C. P., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Zhu, Alyssa H., Strike, Lachlan T., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A. A., Alnaes, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R., Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E. L., Bulow, Robin, Burger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tania K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., den Braber, Anouk, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Green, Melissa J., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Kramer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C. V., Muhleisen, Thomas W., Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Putz, Benno, Quide, Yann, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Reay, William R., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Celine S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Genevieve, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina R., Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Schofield, Peter R., Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sonderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza L., van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G. M., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Wu, Jing Qin, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dennis, Michelle F., Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Hausler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack, Clifford R., Jr., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kimbrel, Nathan A., Kolskar, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mather, Karen A., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Noethen, Markus M., O'Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Rasser, Paul E., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Tooney, Paul A., Torres, Fabio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Adams, Hieab H. H., Bis, Joshua C., Debette, Stephanie, Decarli, Charles, Fornage, Myriam, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofer, Edith, Ikram, M. Arfan, Launer, Lenore, Longstreth, W. T., Lopez, Oscar L., Mazoyer, Bernard, Mosley, Thomas H., Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Satizabal, Claudia L., Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, Yang, Qiong, Alvim, Marina K. M., Ames, David, Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Beckham, Jean C., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brodaty, Henry, Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J., Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan J., Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J. C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernandez, Guillen, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Haberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Henskens, Frans A., Hillegers, Manon H. J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff, Jernigan, Terry L., Jonsson, Erik G., Kahn, Rene S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T. J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B. J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Loughland, Carmel M., Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean-Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Michie, Patricia T., Morey, Rajendra A., Mowry, Bryan, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Pantelis, Christos, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Samann, Philipp G., Schall, Ulrich, Schumann, Gunter, Scott, Rodney J., Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J. A., van't Ent, Dennis, Volzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wright, Margaret J., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., and Medland, Sarah E.
- Abstract
The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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- 2020
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20. Widespread associations between trait conscientiousness and thickness of brain cortical regions
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Lewis, Gary J., Dickie, David Alexander, Cox, Simon R., Karama, Sherif, Evans, Alan C., Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
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Cerebral Cortex ,Male ,Personality Inventory ,neuroanatomy ,brain ,Brain ,cortical thickness ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Article ,Cortical thickness ,Neuroanatomy ,Allostatic load ,personality ,Neural Pathways ,Conscientiousness ,Humans ,Female ,Gray Matter ,conscientiousness ,allostatic load ,Personality ,Aged - Abstract
The neural correlates of human personality have been of longstanding interest; however, most studies in the field have relied on modest sample sizes and few replicable results have been reported to date. We investigated relationships between personality and brain gray matter in a sample of generally healthy, older (mean age 73 years) adults from Scotland drawn from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Participants (N = 578) completed a brain MRI scan and self-reported Big Five personality trait measures. Conscientiousness trait scores were positively related to brain cortical thickness in a range of regions, including bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, bilateral fusiform gyrus, left cingulate gyrus, right medial orbitofrontal cortex, and left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. These associations – most notably in frontal regions – were modestly-to-moderately attenuated by the inclusion of biomarker variables assessing allostatic load and smoking status. None of the other personality traits showed robust associations with brain cortical thickness, nor did we observe any personality trait associations with cortical surface area and gray matter volume. These findings indicate that brain cortical thickness is associated with conscientiousness, perhaps partly accounted for by allostatic load and smoking status., Highlights • We investigated relationships between personality and neuroanatomy. • Participants (N = 578) completed an MRI scan and Big Five personality trait measures. • Conscientiousness was positively related to cortical thickness in a range of regions. • These included: parahippocampal, fusiform, and cingulate gyri, and frontal cortex. • No other Big Five trait was associated with our brain measures.
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- 2018
21. Using a simulation centre to evaluate preliminary acceptability and impact of an artificial intelligence-powered clinical decision support system for depression treatment on the physician–patient interaction
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Benrimoh, David, primary, Tanguay-Sela, Myriam, additional, Perlman, Kelly, additional, Israel, Sonia, additional, Mehltretter, Joseph, additional, Armstrong, Caitrin, additional, Fratila, Robert, additional, Parikh, Sagar V., additional, Karp, Jordan F., additional, Heller, Katherine, additional, Vahia, Ipsit V., additional, Blumberger, Daniel M., additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Vigod, Simone N., additional, Myhr, Gail, additional, Martins, Ruben, additional, Rollins, Colleen, additional, Popescu, Christina, additional, Lundrigan, Eryn, additional, Snook, Emily, additional, Wakid, Marina, additional, Williams, Jérôme, additional, Soufi, Ghassen, additional, Perez, Tamara, additional, Tunteng, Jingla-Fri, additional, Rosenfeld, Katherine, additional, Miresco, Marc, additional, Turecki, Gustavo, additional, Gomez Cardona, Liliana, additional, Linnaranta, Outi, additional, and Margolese, Howard C., additional
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- 2021
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22. Cumulative exposure to ADHD medication is inversely related to hippocampus subregional volume in children
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Fotopoulos, Nellie H., primary, Devenyi, Gabriel A., additional, Guay, Stephanie, additional, Sengupta, Sarojini M., additional, Chakravarty, M. Mallar, additional, Grizenko, Natalie, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, and Joober, Ridha, additional
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- 2021
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23. Developmental Changes in Organization of Structural Brain Networks
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Khundrakpam, Budhachandra S., Reid, Andrew, Brauer, Jens, Carbonell, Felix, Lewis, John, Ameis, Stephanie, Karama, Sherif, Lee, Junki, Chen, Zhang, Das, Samir, Evans, Alan C., Ball, William S., Byars, Anna Weber, Schapiro, Mark, Bommer, Wendy, Carr, April, German, April, Dunn, Scott, Rivkin, Michael J., Waber, Deborah, Mulkern, Robert, Vajapeyam, Sridhar, Chiverton, Abigail, Davis, Peter, Koo, Julie, Marmor, Jacki, Mrakotsky, Christine, Robertson, Richard, McAnulty, Gloria, Brandt, Michael E., Fletcher, Jack M., Kramer, Larry A., Yang, Grace, McCormack, Cara, Hebert, Kathleen M., Volero, Hilda, Botteron, Kelly, McKinstry, Robert C., Warren, William, Nishino, Tomoyuki, Robert Almli, C., Todd, Richard, Constantino, John, McCracken, James T., Levitt, Jennifer, Alger, Jeffrey, OʼNeil, Joseph, Toga, Arthur, Asarnow, Robert, Fadale, David, Heinichen, Laura, Ireland, Cedric, Wang, Dah-Jyuu, Moss, Edward, Zimmerman, Robert A., Bintliff, Brooke, Bradford, Ruth, Newman, Janice, Evans, Alan C., Arnaoutelis, Rozalia, Bruce Pike, G., Louis Collins, D., Leonard, Gabriel, Paus, Tomas, Zijdenbos, Alex, Das, Samir, Fonov, Vladimir, Fu, Luke, Harlap, Jonathan, Leppert, Ilana, Milovan, Denise, Vins, Dario, Zeffiro, Thomas, Van Meter, John, Lange, Nicholas, Froimowitz, Michael P., Botteron, Kelly, Robert Almli, C., Rainey, Cheryl, Henderson, Stan, Nishino, Tomoyuki, Warren, William, Edwards, Jennifer L., Dubois, Diane, Smith, Karla, Singer, Tish, Wilber, Aaron A., Pierpaoli, Carlo, Basser, Peter J., Chang, Lin-Ching, Koay, Chen Guan, Walker, Lindsay, Freund, Lisa, Rumsey, Judith, Baskir, Lauren, Stanford, Laurence, Sirocco, Karen, Gwinn-Hardy, Katrina, Spinella, Giovanna, McCracken, James T., Alger, Jeffry R., Levitt, Jennifer, and OʼNeill, Joseph
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- 2013
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24. Testosterone-Related Cortical Maturation Across Childhood and Adolescence
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Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, McCracken, James, Ducharme, Simon, Botteron, Kelly N., Mahabir, Megan, Johnson, Wendy, Israel, Mimi, Evans, Alan C., and Karama, Sherif
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- 2013
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25. Mediterranean-type diet and brain structural change from 73 to 76 years in a Scottish cohort
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Luciano, Michelle, Corley, Janie, Cox, Simon R., Valdés Hernández, Maria C., Craig, Leone C.A., Dickie, David Alexander, Karama, Sherif, McNeill, Geraldine M., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
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Male ,Aging ,Sex Characteristics ,Brain ,Organ Size ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Article ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Scotland ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Gray Matter ,Aged - Abstract
Objective: To assess the association between Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) and change in brain MRI volumetric measures and mean cortical thickness across a 3-year period in older age (73–76 years).\ud \ud Methods: We focused on 2 longitudinal brain volumes (total and gray matter; n = 401 and 398, respectively) plus a longitudinal measurement of cortical thickness (n = 323), for which the previous cross-sectional evidence of an association with the MeDi was strongest. Adherence to the MeDi was calculated from data gathered from a food frequency questionnaire at age 70, 3 years prior to the baseline imaging data collection.\ud \ud Results: In regression models adjusting for relevant demographic and physical health indicators, we found that lower adherence to the MeDi was associated with greater 3-year reduction in total brain volume (explaining 0.5% of variance, p < 0.05). This effect was half the size of the largest covariate effect (i.e., age). Cross-sectional associations between MeDi and baseline MRI measures in 562 participants were not significant. Targeted analyses of meat and fish consumption did not replicate previous associations with total brain volume or total gray matter volume.\ud \ud Conclusions: Lower adherence to the MeDi in an older Scottish cohort is predictive of total brain atrophy over a 3-year interval. Fish and meat consumption does not drive this change, suggesting that other components of the MeDi or, possibly, all of its components in combination are responsible for the association.
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- 2017
26. Cortical surface area variations within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are better predictors of future cognitive performance than fluid ability and working memory
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Román González, Francisco Javier, Jaeggi, Susanne M., Martínez Rodríguez, Kenia, Privado Zamorano, Jesús, Lewis, Lindsay B., Chen, Chi-Hua, Escorial Martín, Sergio, Kremen, William S., Karama, Sherif, and Colom Marañón, Roberto
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cognición ,características individuales ,cerebro ,predicción - Abstract
Resumen tomado de la publicación Las variaciones de superficie cortical en la corteza dorsolateral prefrontal predicen mejor el futuro desempeño cognitivo que la inteligencia fluida y la memoria operativa. Antecedentes: ¿Predicen las variables cognitivas y biológicas el futuro desempeño cognitivo? Método: en dos grupos independientes de participantes se miden variables cognitivas (inteligencia fluida y cristalizada, memoria operativa y control atencional) y biológicas (grosor y superficie cortical) en dos ocasiones separadas por seis meses, para predecir el desempeño en la tarea n-back valorado doce y dieciocho meses después. Se completan tres etapas: descubrimiento, validación y generalización. En la de descubrimiento se valoran en un grupo de individuos las variables cognitivas/biológicas y el desempeño a predecir. En la de validación, se relacionan las mismas variables con una versión paralela de la n-back completada meses después. En la de generalización, los resultados de la validación se replican en un grupo independiente de individuos. Resultados: las variaciones de superficie cortical en la corteza dorsolateral prefrontal derecha predicen el desempeño cognitivo en los dos grupos independientes de individuos, mientras que las variables cognitivas no contribuyen a la predicción del desempeño futuro. Conclusiones: las diferencias individuales en determinadas variables biológicas predicen el desempeño cognitivo mejor que las variables cognitivas que correlacionan concurrentemente con ese desempeño. Universidad de Oviedo. Biblioteca de Psicología; Plaza Feijoo, s/n.; 33003 Oviedo; Tel. +34985104146; Fax +34985104126; buopsico@uniovi.es ESP
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- 2019
27. Cortical surface area variations within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are better predictors of future cognitive performance than fluid ability and working memory
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Román, Francisco J, Jaeggi, Susanne M, Martínez, Kenia, Privado, Jesús, Lewis, Lindsay B, Chen, Chi-Hua, Escorial, Sergio, Kremen, William S, Karama, Sherif, Colom, Roberto, and UAM. Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud
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neuropredicción ,cognición ,neurodiversidad ,Psicología - Abstract
Are cognitive and biological variables useful for predicting future behavioral outcomes? Method: In two independent groups, we measured a set of cognitive (fluid and crystallized intelligence, working memory, and attention control) and biological (cortical thickness and cortical surface area) variables on two occasions separated by six months, to predict behavioral outcomes of interest (performance on an adaptive version of the n-back task) measured twelve and eighteen months later. We followed three stages: discovery, validation, and generalization. In the discovery stage, cognitive/biological variables and the behavioral outcome of interest were assessed in a group of individuals (in-sample). In the validation stage, the cognitive and biological variables were related with a parallel version of the behavioral outcome assessed several months later. In the generalization stage, the validation findings were tested in an independent group of individuals (out-of-sample). Results: The key fi nding revealed that cortical surface area variations within the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex predict the behavioral outcome of interest in both groups, whereas the cognitive variables failed to show reliable predictive validity. Conclusions: Individual differences in biological variables might predict future behavioral outcomes better than cognitive variables concurrently correlated with these behavioral outcomes, Antecedentes: ¿Predicen las variables cognitivas y biológicas el futuro desempeño cognitivo? Método: en dos grupos independientes de participantes se miden variables cognitivas (inteligencia fluida y cristalizada, memoria operativa y control atencional) y biológicas (grosor y superficie cortical) en dos ocasiones separadas por seis meses, para predecir el desempeño en la tarea n-back valorado doce y dieciocho meses después. Se completan tres etapas: descubrimiento, validación y generalización. En la de descubrimiento se valoran en un grupo de individuos las variables cognitivas/biológicas y el desempeño a predecir. En la de validación, se relacionan las mismas variables con una versión paralela de la n-back completada meses después. En la de generalización, los resultados de la validación se replican en un grupo independiente de individuos. Resultados: las variaciones de superficie cortical en la corteza dorsolateral prefrontal derecha predicen el desempeño cognitivo en los dos grupos independientes de individuos, mientras que las variables cognitivas no contribuyen a la predicción del desempeño futuro. Conclusiones: las diferencias individuales en determinadas variables biológicas predicen el desempeño cognitivo mejor que las variables cognitivas que correlacionan concurrentemente con ese desempeño, This project was supported by PSI2017-82218-P (Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spain)
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- 2019
28. The association between carotid atheroma and cerebral cortex structure at age 73
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Alhusaini, Saud, Karama, Sherif, Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, Thiel, Alexander, Bernhardt, Boris, Cox, Simon, Corley, Janie, Taylor, Adele, Evans, Alan C., Starr, John, Bastin, Mark, Wardlaw, Joanna, Deary, Ian, and Ducharme, Simon
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cardiovascular system ,cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
Objective:To examine the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral cortical thickness and investigate whether cortical thickness mediates the relationship between carotid atheroma and relative cognitive decline. Methods:We assessed 554 community-dwelling subjects (male/female: 296/258) from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) who underwent brain MRI and carotid Doppler ultrasound studies at age 73 years. The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis markers (internal carotid artery stenosis, intima-media thickness, velocity, pulsatility, and resistivity indexes) and vertex-wide cerebral cortical thickness was examined cross-sectionally, controlling for gender, extensive vascular risk factors (VRFs), and IQ at age 11 (IQ-11). We also determined the association between carotid stenosis and a composite measure of fluid intelligence at age 73. A mediation model was applied to examine whether cortical thickness mediated the relationship between carotid stenosis and cognitive function. Results:A widespread negative association was identified between carotid stenosis (median = 15%) and cerebral cortical thickness at age 73 years, independent of the side of carotid stenosis, other carotid measures, VRFs, and IQ-11. This association increased in an almost dose-response relationship from mild to severe degrees of carotid stenosis, across the anterior and posterior circulation territories. A negative association was also noted between carotid stenosis and fluid intelligence (standardized beta coefficient = - 0·151, p = 0·001), which appeared partly (approximately 22%) mediated by carotid stenosis-related thinning of the cerebral cortex. Interpretation:The findings suggest that carotid stenosis represents a marker of processes that accelerate aging of the cerebral cortex and cognition that is in part independent of measurable VRFs. Cortical thinning within the anterior and posterior circulation territories partially mediated the relationship between carotid atheroma and fluid intelligence.
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- 2018
29. Genetic Determinants of Cortical Structure (Thickness, Surface Area and Volumes) among Disease Free Adults in the CHARGE Consortium
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Hofer, Edith, Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Adams, Hieab H. H., Knol, Maria J., Lin, Honghuang, Li, Shuo, Zare, Habil, Ahmad, Shahzad, Armstrong, Nicola J., Satizabal, Claudia L., Bernard, Manon, Bis, Joshua C., Gillespie, Nathan A., Luciano, Michelle, Mishra, Aniket, Scholz, Markus, Teumer, Alexander, Xia, Rui, Jian, Xueqiu, Mosley, Thomas H., Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Seiler, Stephan, Becker, James T., Carmichael, Owen, Rotter, Jerome I., Psaty, Bruce M., Lopez, Oscar L., Amin, Najaf, van der Lee, Sven J., Yang, Qiong, Himali, Jayandra J., Maillard, Pauline, Beiser, Alexa S., DeCarli, Charles, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Harris, Mat, Bastin, Mark E., Deary, Ian J., Witte, A.Veronica, Beyer, Frauke, Loeffler, Markus, Mather, Karen A., Schofield, Peter R., Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Kwok, John B., Wright, Margaret J., Ames, David, Trollor, Julian, Jiang, Jiyang, Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Vernooij, Meike W, Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, André G., Niessen, Wiro J., Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Völker, Uwe, Pausova, Zdenka, Pike, G. Bruce, Maingault, Sophie, Crivello, Fabrice, Tzourio, Christophe, Amouye, Philippe, Mazoyer, Bernard, Neale, Michael C., Franz, Carol E., Lyons, Michael J., Panizzon, Matthew S., Andreassen, Ole A., Dale, Anders M., Logue, Mark, Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., Ching Christopher, R.K., McMahon Mary Agnes, B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C.P., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A.A., Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E.L., Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M.C., Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Krämer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C.V., Mühleisen, Thomas W., Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Pütz, Benno, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Ronny, Redlich, Reinbold, Céline S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Geneviève, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina Roth, Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sønderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Strike, Lachlan T., Tansey, Katherine E., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica, der Meer, Dennis van, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M.J., Eijk, Liza van, van Erp, Theo G.M., van Haren, Neeltje E.M., Rooij, Daan van, van Tol, Marie-José, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zhu, Alyssa H., Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Häusler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack Jr., Clifford R., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kolskår, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Nöthen, Markus M., O’Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Torres, Fábio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Alvim, Marina K.M., Anderson, Tim J., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Baune, Bernhard T., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Calhoun, Vince, Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J.C., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivières, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Håberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Hillegers, Manon H.J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G., Kahn, René S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T.J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B.J., Hellard, Stephanie Le, Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean - Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Morey, Rajendra A., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Paus, Tomáš, Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Polderman, Tinca J.C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Sämann, Philipp G., Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., Pourcain, Beate St, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J.A., Ent, Dennis van’t, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Zhou, Juan, Kremen, William S., Villringer, Arno, Duijn, Cornelia M. van, Jörgen Grabe, Hans, Longstreth Jr, William T., Fornage, Myriam, Paus, Tomas, Debette, Stephanie, Ikram, M. Arfan, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, and ENIGMA consortium
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0303 health sciences ,biology ,Genetic heterogeneity ,Cognition ,Hindbrain ,Disease ,Heritability ,Biobank ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Evolutionary biology ,Cortex (anatomy) ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Sonic hedgehog ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes (MRI cortical measures) vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. We examined heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical measures across the whole cortex, and in 34 anatomically predefined regions. Our discovery sample comprised 22,822 individuals from 20 cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the United Kingdom Biobank. Significant associations were replicated in the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, and their biological implications explored using bioinformatic annotation and pathway analyses. We identified genetic heterogeneity between cortical measures and brain regions, and 161 genome-wide significant associations pointing to wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and sonic hedgehog pathways. There was enrichment for genes involved in anthropometric traits, hindbrain development, vascular and neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric conditions. These data are a rich resource for studies of the biological mechanisms behind cortical development and aging.
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- 2018
30. Planar cell polarity pathway and development of the human visual cortex
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Shin, Jean, Ma, Shaojie, Hofer, Edith, Patel, Yash, Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Sousa, André M., Jian, Xueqiu, Gottesman, Rebecca, Mosley, Thomas H., Fornage, Myriam, Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Carrion-Castillo, Amaia, Crivello, Fabrice, Mazoyer, Bernard, Bis, Joshua C., Li, Shuo, Yang, Qiong, Luciano, Michelle, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Bastin, Mark, Harris, Mathew A., Wardlaw, Joanna M., Deary, Ian E., Scholz, Markus, Loeffler, Markus, Witte, Veronica, Beyer, Frauke, Villringer, Arno, Armstrong, Nicola J, Mather, Karen A., Ames, David, Jiang, Jiyang, Kwok, John B, Schofield, Peter R., Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Trollor, Julian N., Wright, Margaret J., Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Sachdev, Perminder S., Terzikhan, Natalie, Evans, Tavia E., Adams, Hieab H.H.H., Ikram, M. Arfan, Frenzel, Stefan, van der Auwera-Palitschka, Sandra, Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Tzourio, Christophe, Mishra, Aniket, Maingault, Sophie, Debette, Stephanie, Gillespie, Nathan A., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Ding, Linda, Jahanshad, Neda, Sestan, Nenad, Pausova, Zdenka, Seshadri, Sudha, Paus, Tomas, Grasby, Katrina L., Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R.K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo, Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A.A., Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E.L., Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallasr, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M.C., Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Hoehn, David, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Krämer, Bernd, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C.V., Mühleisen, Thomas W., Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Pütz, Benno, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Céline S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Geneviève, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina Roth, Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shumskaya, Elena, Sønderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Strike, Lachlan T., Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica, van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M.J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G.M., van Haren, Neeltje E.M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-José, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Yunpeng, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zhu, Alyssa H., Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Häusler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack Jr., Clifford R., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kolskår, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Nöthen, Markus M., O’Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie - Laure Paillère, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Torres, Fábio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Alvim, Marina K.M., Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Calhoun, Vince, Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J.C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivières, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Håberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Hillegers, Manon H.J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G., Kahn, René S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T.J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B.J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean - Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Morey, Rajendra A., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Polderman, Tinca J.C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sämann, Philipp G., Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Van der Wee, Nic J.A., van’t Ent, Dennis, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., ENIGMA Consortium, and neuroCHARGE Working Group
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0303 health sciences ,DAAM1 ,Locus (genetics) ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Biology ,Lateral geniculate nucleus ,Phenotype ,Chromosome 17 (human) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Visual cortex ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral cortex ,medicine ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The radial unit hypothesis provides a framework for global (proliferation) and regional (distribution) expansion of the primate cerebral cortex. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we have identified cortical regions with shared variance in their surface area and cortical thickness, respectively, segmented from magnetic resonance images obtained in 23,800 participants. We then carried out meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies of the first two principal components for each phenotype. For surface area (but not cortical thickness), we have detected strong associations between each of the components and single nucleotide polymorphisms in a number of gene loci. The first (global) component was associated mainly with loci on chromosome 17 (9.5e-32 ≤ p ≤ 2.8e-10), including those detected previously as linked with intracranial volume and/or general cognitive function. The second (regional) component captured shared variation in the surface area of the primary and adjacent secondary visual cortices and showed a robust association with polymorphisms in a locus on chromosome 14 containing Disheveled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1; p=2.4e-34). DAAM1 is a key component in the planar-cell-polarity signaling pathway. In follow-up studies, we have focused on the latter finding and established that: (1) DAAM1 is highly expressed between 12th and 22nd post-conception weeks in the human cerebral cortex; (2) genes co-expressed with DAAM1 in the primary visual cortex are enriched in mitochondria-related pathways; and (3) volume of the lateral geniculate nucleus, which projects to regions of the visual cortex staining for cytochrome oxidase (a mitochondrial enzyme), correlates with the surface area of the visual cortex in major-allele homozygotes but not in carriers of the minor allele. Altogether, we speculate that, in concert with thalamocortical input to cortical subplate, DAAM1 enables migration of neurons to cytochrome-oxidase rich regions of the visual cortex, and, in turn, facilitates regional expansion of this set of cortical regions during development.
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- 2018
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31. Brain structural differences between 73- and 92-year olds matched for childhood intelligence, social background, and intracranial volume
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Ritchie, Stuart J., Dickie, David Alexander, Cox, Simon R., Valdés Hernández, Maria del C., Sibbett, Ruth, Pattie, Alison, Anblagan, Devasuda, Redmond, Paul, Royle, Natalie A., Corley, Janie, Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Taylor, Adele M., Karama, Sherif, Booth, Tom, Gow, Alan J., Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
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Aged, 80 and over ,Cerebral Cortex ,Aging ,Brain volume ,Lesion mapping ,Intelligence ,Brain ,Neuroimaging ,Organ Size ,White Matter ,Article ,Cohort Studies ,Structural MRI ,Cognition ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Cognitive Aging ,White matter hyperintensities ,Humans ,Propensity Score ,Aged - Abstract
Fully characterizing age differences in the brain is a key task for combating aging-related cognitive decline. Using propensity score matching on 2 independent, narrow-age cohorts, we used data on childhood cognitive ability, socioeconomic background, and intracranial volume to match participants at mean age of 92 years (n = 42) to very similar participants at mean age of 73 years (n = 126). Examining a variety of global and regional structural neuroimaging variables, there were large differences in gray and white matter volumes, cortical surface area, cortical thickness, and white matter hyperintensity volume and spatial extent. In a mediation analysis, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities and total cortical surface area jointly mediated 24.9% of the relation between age and general cognitive ability (tissue volumes and cortical thickness were not significant mediators in this analysis). These findings provide an unusual and valuable perspective on neurostructural aging, in which brains from the 8th and 10th decades of life differ widely despite the same cognitive, socioeconomic, and brain-volumetric starting points.
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- 2018
32. Brain structural differences between 73- and 92-year olds matched for childhood intelligence, social background, and intracranial volume
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Ritchie, Stuart J, Dickie, David Alexander, Cox, Simon, Valdes Hernandez, Maria, Sibbett, Ruth, Pattie, Alison, Anblagan, Devasuda, Redmond, Paul, Royle, Natalie, Corley, Janie, Muñoz Maniega, Susana, Taylor, Adele, Karama, Sherif, Booth, Thomas, Gow, Alan, Starr, John, Bastin, Mark, Wardlaw, Joanna, and Deary, Ian
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ageing ,lesion mapping ,brain volume ,white matter hyperintensities ,structural MRI - Abstract
Fully characterizing age differences in the brain is a key task for combatting ageing-related cognitive decline. Using propensity score matching on two independent, narrow-age cohorts, we used data on childhood cognitive ability, socioeconomic background, and intracranial volume to match participants at mean age 92 years (n = 42) to very similar participants at mean age 73 (n = 126). Examining a variety of global and regional structural neuroimaging variables, there were large differences in grey and white matter volumes, cortical surface area, cortical thickness, and white matter hyperintensity volume and spatial extent. In a mediation analysis, the total volume of white matter hyperintensities and total cortical surface area jointly mediated 24.9% of the relation between age and general cognitive ability (tissue volumes and cortical thickness were not significant mediators in this analysis). These findings provide an unusual and valuable perspective on neurostructural ageing, in which brains from the eighth and tenth decades of life differ widely despite the same cognitive, socio-economic, and brain-volumetric starting points.
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- 2018
33. MRI assessment of cortical thickness and functional activity changes in adolescent girls following three months of practice on a visual-spatial task
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Leyba Leonard, Karama Sherif, Haier Richard J, and Jung Rex E
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Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Abstract Background Neuro-imaging studies demonstrate plasticity of cortical gray matter before and after practice for some motor and cognitive tasks in adults. Other imaging studies show functional changes after practice, but there is not yet direct evidence of how structural and functional changes may be related. A fundamental question is whether they occur at the same cortical sites, adjacent sites, or sites in other parts of a network. Findings Using a 3 T MRI, we obtained structural and functional images in adolescent girls before and after practice on a visual-spatial problem-solving computer game, Tetris. After three months of practice, compared to the structural scans of controls, the group with Tetris practice showed thicker cortex, primarily in two areas: left BAs 6 and 22/38. Based on fMRI BOLD signals, the Tetris group showed cortical activations throughout the brain while playing Tetris, but significant BOLD decreases, mostly in frontal areas, were observed after practice. None of these BOLD decreases, however, overlapped with the cortical thickness changes. Conclusion Regional cortical thickness changes were observed after three months of Tetris practice. Over the same period, brain activity decreases were observed in several other areas. These data indicate that structural change in one brain area does not necessarily result in functional change in the same location, at least on the levels assessed with these MRI methods.
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- 2009
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34. Beyond a bigger brain: Multivariable structural brain imaging and intelligence
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Ritchie, Stuart J., Booth, Tom, Valdés Hernández, Maria del C., Corley, Janie, Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Gow, Alan J., Royle, Natalie A., Pattie, Alison, Karama, Sherif, Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
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Structural equation modelling ,Intelligence ,g-factor ,Brain ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Article ,MRI - Abstract
People with larger brains tend to score higher on tests of general intelligence (g). It is unclear, however, how much variance in intelligence other brain measurements would account for if included together with brain volume in a multivariable model. We examined a large sample of individuals in their seventies (n = 672) who were administered a comprehensive cognitive test battery. Using structural equation modelling, we related six common magnetic resonance imaging-derived brain variables that represent normal and abnormal features—brain volume, cortical thickness, white matter structure, white matter hyperintensity load, iron deposits, and microbleeds—to g and to fluid intelligence. As expected, brain volume accounted for the largest portion of variance (~ 12%, depending on modelling choices). Adding the additional variables, especially cortical thickness (+~ 5%) and white matter hyperintensity load (+~ 2%), increased the predictive value of the model. Depending on modelling choices, all neuroimaging variables together accounted for 18–21% of the variance in intelligence. These results reveal which structural brain imaging measures relate to g over and above the largest contributor, total brain volume. They raise questions regarding which other neuroimaging measures might account for even more of the variance in intelligence., Highlights • Brain size is known to correlate with general intelligence (g). • It is unclear which other neuroimaging variables contribute beyond total brain size. • We model multiple brain measures and g in a large sample aged around 73 years. • All brain variables together account for around 20% of variance in g.
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- 2015
35. Dopamine transporter 3'UTR VNTR genotype is a marker of performance on executive function tasks in children with ADHD
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Polotskaia Anna, Mbekou Valentin, Biederman Joseph, Doyle Alysa, Sonuga-Barke Edmund, Grizenko Natalie, Karama Sherif, Ter-Stepanian Marina, De Guzman Rosherrie, Bellingham Johanne, Sengupta Sarojini, and Joober Ridha
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Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous disorder from both clinical and pathogenic viewpoints. Executive function deficits are considered among the most important pathogenic pathways leading to ADHD and may index part of the heterogeneity in this disorder. Methods To investigate the relationship between the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) 3'-UTR VNTR genotypes and executive function in children with ADHD, 196 children diagnosed with ADHD were sequentially recruited, genotyped, and tested using a battery of three neuropsychological tests aimed at assessing the different aspects of executive functioning. Results Taking into account a correction for multiple comparisons, the main finding of this study is a significant genotype effect on performances on the Tower of London (F = 6.902, p = 0.009) and on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third Edition (WISC-III) Freedom From Distractibility Index (F = 7.125, p = 0.008), as well as strong trends on Self Ordered Pointing Task error scores (F = 4,996 p = 0.026) and WISC-III Digit Span performance (F = 6.28, p = 0.023). Children with the 9/10 genotype exhibited, on average, a poorer performance on all four measures compared to children with the 10/10 genotype. No effect of genotype on Wisconsin Card Sorting Test measures of performance was detected. Conclusion Results are compatible with the view that SLC6A3 genotype may modulate components of executive function performance in children with ADHD.
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- 2008
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36. Processing speed and the relationship between Trail Making Test-B performance, cortical thinning and white matter microstructure in older adults
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MacPherson, Sarah E., Cox, Simon R., Dickie, David A., Karama, Sherif, Starr, John M., Evans, Alan C., Bastin, Mark E., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
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Cerebral Cortex ,Male ,Aging ,neuroimaging ,Trail Making Test ,aging ,Neuroimaging ,White Matter ,Article ,Executive Function ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,executive function ,Reaction Time ,processing speed ,Humans ,Female ,Processing speed ,human activities ,Aged - Abstract
Part B of the Trail Making Test (TMT-B) is widely used as a quick and easy to administer measure of executive dysfunction. The current study investigated the relationships between TMT-B performance, brain volumes, cortical thickness and white matter water diffusion characteristics in a large sample of older participants, before and after controlling for processing speed. Four hundred and eleven healthy, community-dwelling older adults who were all born in 1936 were assessed on TMT-B, 5 tests of processing speed, and provided contemporaneous structural and diffusion MRI data. Significant relationships were found between slower TMT-B completion times and thinner cortex in the frontal, temporal and inferior parietal regions as well as the Sylvian fissure/insula. Slower TMT-B completion time was also significantly associated with poorer white matter microstructure of the left anterior thalamic radiation, and the right uncinate fasciculus. The majority of these associations were markedly attenuated when additionally controlling for processing speed. These data suggest that individual differences in processing speed contribute to the associations between TMT-B completion time and the grey and white matter structure of older adults.
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- 2017
37. Associations between education and brain structure at age 73 years, adjusted for age 11 IQ
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Cox, Simon R., Dickie, David Alexander, Ritchie, Stuart J., Karama, Sherif, Pattie, Alison, Royle, Natalie A., Corley, Janie, Aribisala, Benjamin S., Valdés Hernández, Maria, Muñoz Maniega, Susana, Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Evans, Alan C., Wardlaw, Joanna M., and Deary, Ian J.
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate how associations between education and brain structure in older age were affected by adjusting for IQ measured at age 11.\ud \ud Methods: We analyzed years of full-time education and measures from an MRI brain scan at age 73 in 617 community-dwelling adults born in 1936. In addition to average and vertex-wise cortical thickness, we measured total brain atrophy and white matter tract fractional anisotropy. Associations between brain structure and education were tested, covarying for sex and vascular health; a second model also covaried for age 11 IQ.\ud \ud Results: The significant relationship between education and average cortical thickness (β = 0.124, p = 0.004) was reduced by 23% when age 11 IQ was included (β = 0.096, p = 0.041). Initial associations between longer education and greater vertex-wise cortical thickness were significant in bilateral temporal, medial-frontal, parietal, sensory, and motor cortices. Accounting for childhood intelligence reduced the number of significant vertices by >90%; only bilateral anterior temporal associations remained. Neither education nor age 11 IQ was significantly associated with total brain atrophy or tract-averaged fractional anisotropy.\ud \ud Conclusions: The association between years of education and brain structure ≈60 years later was restricted to cortical thickness in this sample; however, the previously reported associations between longer education and a thicker cortex are likely to be overestimates in terms of both magnitude and distribution. This finding has implications for understanding, and possibly ameliorating, life-course brain health.
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- 2016
38. Progression of white matter disease and cortical thinning are not related in older community-dwelling subjects
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Dickie, David Alexander, Karama, Sherif, Ritchie, Stuart J., Cox, Simon R., Sakka, Eleni, Royle, Natalie A., Aribisala, Benjamin S., Hernández, Maria Valdés, Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Pattie, Alison, Corley, Janie, Starr, John M., Bastin, Mark E., Evans, Alan C., Deary, Ian J., and Wardlaw, Joanna M.
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Male ,Original Contributions ,brain ,Clinical Sciences ,Hypercholesterolemia ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Leukoencephalopathies ,Risk Factors ,mental disorders ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Aged ,Cerebral Cortex ,Smoking ,Organ Size ,white matter hyperintensities ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,cortex ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Scotland ,ageing ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Hypertension ,Disease Progression ,Linear Models ,Female ,Independent Living ,Cognition Disorders ,MRI - Abstract
Background and Purpose—\ud \ud We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between whole brain white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and regional cortical thickness.\ud Methods—\ud \ud We measured WMH volume and regional cortical thickness on magnetic resonance imaging at ≈73 and ≈76 years in 351 community-dwelling subjects from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. We used multiple linear regression to calculate cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between regional cortical thickness and WMH volume controlling for age, sex, Mini Mental State Examination, education, intelligence quotient at age 11, and vascular risk factors.\ud Results—\ud \ud We found cross-sectional associations between WMH volume and cortical thickness within and surrounding the Sylvian fissure at 73 and 76 years (rho=−0.276, Q=0.004). However, we found no significant longitudinal associations between (1) baseline WMH volume and change in cortical thickness; (2) baseline cortical thickness and change in WMH volume; or (3) change in WMH volume and change in cortical thickness.\ud Conclusions—\ud \ud Our results show that WMH volume and cortical thinning both worsen with age and are associated cross-sectionally within and surrounding the Sylvian fissure. However, changes in WMH volume and cortical thinning from 73 to 76 years are not associated longitudinally in these relatively healthy older subjects. The underlying cause(s) of WMH growth and cortical thinning have yet to be fully determined.
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- 2015
39. Beyond a bigger brain:Multivariable structural brain imaging and intelligence
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Ritchie, Stuart, Booth, Tom, Valdes Hernandez, Maria, Corley, Janie, Munoz-Maniega, Susana, Gow, Alan, Royle, Natalie, Pattie, Alison, Karama, Sherif, Starr, John, Bastin, Mark, Wardlaw, Joanna, and Deary, Ian
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Structural equation modelling ,Intelligence ,g-factor ,Brain ,MRI - Abstract
People with larger brains tend to score higher on tests of general cognitive ability (g). It is unclear, however, how much variance in intelligence other brain measurements would account for if included together with brain volume in a multivariable model. We examined a large sample of individuals in their seventies (n = 672) who were administered a comprehensive cognitive test battery. Using structural equation modelling, we related six common magnetic resonance imaging-derived brain variables that represent normal and abnormal features—brain volume, cortical thickness, white matter structure, white matter hyperintensity load, iron deposits, and microbleeds—to g and to ‘fluid’ intelligence. As expected, brain volume accounted for the largest portion of variance (~12%, depending on modeling choices). Adding the additional variables, especially cortical thickness (+~5%) and white matter hyperintensity load (+~2%), increased the predictive value of the model. Depending on modelling choices, all neuroimaging variables together accounted for 18-21% of the variance in intelligence. These results reveal which structural brain imaging measures relate to g over and above the largest contributor, total brain volume. They raise questions regarding which other neuroimaging measures might account for even more of the variance in intelligence.
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- 2015
40. Caractérisation du substrat neurologique impliqué dans le traitement de stimuli visuels dynamiques émotionnels : étude d'imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle
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Karama, Sherif and Beauregard, Mario
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dégoût ,affect ,excitation sexuelle ,émotion ,disgust ,emotion ,amusement ,sexual arousal ,functional magnetic resonance imaging ,résonance magnétique fonctionnelle cérébrale - Abstract
Malgré l’engouement pour les neurosciences cognitives des émotions et les nombreuses publications des dernières décennies tentant d’élucider les bases neurobiologiques des émotions, nos connaissances sur le domaine restent embryonnaires. Plusieurs questions importantes restent toujours sans réponses incluant s’il existe ou non un système unique pour le traitement de stimuli émotionnels et s’il y a ou non des différences entre les hommes et les femmes pour le traitement de stimuli émotionnels. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter certains éléments de réponses à ces questions à travers une caractérisation du substrat neurobiologique impliqué dans le traitement de stimuli émotionnels visuels et dynamiques. Ce travail a été mené via l’imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle (IRMf) cérébrale. Le premier chapitre, subdivisé en quatre sections, permet de présenter la perspective dans laquelle s’inscrit la thèse. La première section de ce chapitre sert à établir certaines balises définitionnelles liées aux émotions. La seconde section, basée sur une lecture des textes originaux, retrace les faits historiques saillants de la neurobiologie des émotions allant de Charles Darwin à Joseph Ledoux. La troisième section débute où la seconde s’arrête et continue l’histoire de la neurobiologie des émotions à travers un résumé de toutes les principales méta-analyses d’imagerie fonctionnelle cérébrale des émotions. La dernière section du chapitre permet de présenter la problématique de recherche. La recherche, à proprement parler, qui constitue le corps de la thèse est ensuite présentée sous forme de trois articles. Enfin, les résultats de cette recherche et la manière dont ils s’inscrivent dans la continuité de nos connaissances actuelles font l’objet d’une discussion générale. Le premier article (chapitre II) rapporte, chez les hommes et les femmes, les régions du cerveau qui sont plus activées lors du traitement de films érotiques que lors du traitement de films dits ‘neutres’. Un chevauchement manifeste est observé entre les hommes et les femmes. Par contre, une activation significativement plus grande est observée chez les hommes pour l’hypothalamus, une région importante pour le comportement sexuel à travers la phylogénie. De plus, chez les hommes seulement, l’activation hypothalamique est corrélée à l’excitation sexuelle subjective. Comme la recherche présentée dans le premier article se sert de conditions expérimentales relativement longues pour l’IRMf (i.e. extraits de films de 3 minutes) et que ceci peut induire une nette diminution de signal en lien avec certaines contraintes de l’IRMf, le second article (chapitre III) examine les corrélats du traitement de stimuli sexuels en utilisant, cette fois, un paradigme d’IRMf classique où plusieurs extraits de films de 33 secondes sont présentés à la place. Cette étude démontre que, pour le traitement de stimuli sexuels, ce paradigme classique d’IRMf est beaucoup plus sensible que celui du premier article. De plus, comme ce paradigme mène à une reproduction des résultats du premier papier, ce travail soutient la perspective selon laquelle les paradigmes à époques courtes sont une alternative valide aux longues époques comme méthode d’étude du traitement de stimuli émotionnels. Le troisième article (chapitre IV) capitalise sur le protocole du second article et démontre que les patrons d’activation associés au visionnement de courts extraits de films induisant du dégoût, de l’amusement, ou de l’excitation sexuelle, sont très étendus. Une analyse de conjonction formelle démontre un large chevauchent de ces patrons à travers les différents affects étudiés. Enfin, le cinquième chapitre sert de discussion générale. Les questions des différences entre les hommes et les femmes dans le traitement des émotions, de l’existence ou non d’un système général pour le traitement des émotions, ainsi que de la manière dont un tel système pourrait être conçu, sont des points saillants de la discussion. Ces points sont abordés à la lumières des connaissances actuelles et des résultats des trois articles., Despite the intense interest garnered by cognitive neurosciences of emotions and the numerous publications in recent decades attempting to partial the neurobiological basis of emotions, our knowledge of the area remains embryonic. Important questions that need to be answered include whether or not there exists a general system for processing emotional stimuli and whether or not there are differences between men and women in processing emotional stimuli. The main objective of this dissertation is to provide some answers to these questions by characterizing the neurobiological substrate involved in processing dynamic visual emotional stimuli. This work was conducted through cerebral functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The first chapter, which is divided into four sections, lays the groundwork for the thesis. The first section of this chapter serves to clarify some definitional background related to emotions. The second section, based on a reading of the original texts, traces the salient historical facts of the neurobiology of emotions from Charles Darwin to Joseph Ledoux. The third section begins where the second ends and continues the history of the neurobiology of emotions through a summary of all the main functional brain imaging meta-analyzes of emotions. The final section of the chapter introduces the research problematic. The research itself, which constitutes the body of the dissertation, is then presented in the form of three articles. Finally, results of this research and how they fit into the continuity of our current knowledge form the basis of a general discussion. The first paper (Chapter II) reports, in men and women, the brain regions that are more activated during the processing of erotic film excerpts than during the processing of so-called 'neutral' film excerpts. A clear overlap is observed between men and women. This being said, a significantly greater activation is observed in men for the hypothalamus, a region important for sexual behavior across the phylogeny. In addition, in men only, hypothalamic activation is correlated with reported sexual arousal. As the research presented in the first paper uses relatively long experimental conditions for fMRI (i.e. 3-minute film excerpts) and as this can lead to a net signal decrease due to certain fMRI constraints, the second paper (Chapter III) examines correlates of processing sexual stimuli using, this time, a classic fMRI paradigm where several short film clips of 33 seconds are used instead. This study shows that, for the processing of sexual stimuli, this conventional fMRI paradigm is much more sensitive than the one used in the first paper. Importantly, given that this paradigm leads to a reproduction of results of the first paper, this work supports the view that short epochs are a valid alternative to long epochs as a method of studying the processing of emotional stimuli. The third section (Chapter IV) capitalizes on the protocol of the second paper and demonstrates that the activation patterns associated with the viewing of short film excerpts inducing disgust, amusement, or sexual arousal, are extensive. A formal conjunction analysis shows a broad overlap of these patterns across the various affects studied. Finally, the fifth chapter provides a general discussion of the results. The question of gender differences in processing emotional stimuli, of whether or not a general system for processing emotions exists, and of how it may be understood, represent important elements of the discussion. These points are discussed in light of current knowledge and of the results of the three papers.
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- 2014
41. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Transient Fetal Compartments during Prenatal Human Brain Development
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Vasung, Lana, primary, Lepage, Claude, additional, Radoš, Milan, additional, Pletikos, Mihovil, additional, Goldman, Jennifer S., additional, Richiardi, Jonas, additional, Raguž, Marina, additional, Fischi-Gómez, Elda, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Huppi, Petra S., additional, Evans, Alan C., additional, and Kostovic, Ivica, additional
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- 2016
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42. Aberrant Topological Patterns of Structural Cortical Networks in Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction
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Zhao, Lu, primary, Guan, Min, additional, Zhu, Xiaobo, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Khundrakpam, Budhachandra, additional, Wang, Meiyun, additional, Dong, Minghao, additional, Qin, Wei, additional, Tian, Jie, additional, Evans, Alan C., additional, and Shi, Dapeng, additional
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- 2015
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43. Trajectories of cortical surface area and cortical volume maturation in normal brain development
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Ducharme, Simon, primary, Albaugh, Matthew D., additional, Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, additional, Hudziak, James J., additional, Mateos-Pérez, J.M., additional, Labbe, Aurelie, additional, Evans, Alan C., additional, and Karama, Sherif, additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
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44. Anxious/Depressed Symptoms are Linked to Right Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortical Thickness Maturation in Healthy Children and Young Adults
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Ducharme, Simon, Albaugh, Matthew D., Hudziak, James J., Botteron, Kelly N., Nguyen, Tuong-Vi, Truong, Catherine, Evans, Alan C., Karama, Sherif, Ball, William S., Byars, Anna Weber, Schapiro, Mark, Bommer, Wendy, Carr, April, German, April, Dunn, Scott, Rivkin, Michael J., Waber, Deborah, Mulkern, Robert, Vajapeyam, Sridhar, Chiverton, Abigail, Davis, Peter, Koo, Julie, Marmor, Jacki, Mrakotsky, Christine, Robertson, Richard, McAnulty, Gloria, Brandt, Michael E., Fletcher, Jack M., Kramer, Larry A., Yang, Grace, McCormack, Cara, Hebert, Kathleen M., Volero, Hilda, Botteron, Kelly, McKinstry, Robert C., Warren, William, Nishino, Tomoyuki, Almli, C. Robert, Todd, Richard, Constantino, John, McCracken, James T., Levitt, Jennifer, Alger, Jeffrey, O'Neil, Joseph, Toga, Arthur, Asarnow, Robert, Fadale, David, Heinichen, Laura, Ireland, Cedric, Wang, Dah-Jyuu, Moss, Edward, Zimmerman, Robert A., Bintliff, Brooke, Bradford, Ruth, Newman, Janice, Arnaoutelis, Rozalia, Pike, G. Bruce, Collins, D. Louis, Leonard, Gabriel, Paus, Tomas, Zijdenbos, Alex, Das, Samir, Fonov, Vladimir, Fu, Luke, Harlap, Jonathan, Leppert, Ilana, Milovan, Denise, Vins, Dario, Zeffiro, Thomas, Van Meter, John, Lange, Nicholas, Froimowitz, Michael P., Rainey, Cheryl, Henderson, Stan, Edwards, Jennifer L., Dubois, Diane, Smith, Karla, Singer, Tish, Wilber, Aaron A., Pierpaoli, Carlo, Basser, Peter J., Chang, Lin-Ching, Koay, Chen Guan, Walker, Lindsay, Freund, Lisa, Rumsey, Judith, Baskir, Lauren, Stanford, Laurence, Sirocco, Karen, Gwinn-Hardy, Katrina, Spinella, Giovanna, Alger, Jeffry R., and O'Neill, Joseph
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Statistics as Topic ,Ventromedial prefrontal cortex ,Precuneus ,Prefrontal Cortex ,CBCL ,Audiology ,Anxiety ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Functional Laterality ,Developmental psychology ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Young Adult ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Young adult ,Prefrontal cortex ,Child Behavior Checklist ,Child ,Depression ,Age Factors ,Articles ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Posterior cingulate ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Self Report ,Psychology ,Anxiety disorder - Abstract
The relationship between anxious/depressed traits and neuromaturation remains largely unstudied. Characterizing this relationship during healthy neurodevelopment is critical to understanding processes associated with the emergence of child/adolescent onset mood/anxiety disorders. In this study, mixed-effects models were used to determine longitudinal cortical thickness correlates of Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Young Adult Self Report Anxious/Depressed scores in healthy children. Analyses included 341 subjects from 4.9 to 22.3 year-old with repeated MRI at up to 3 time points, at 2-year intervals (586 MRI scans). There was a significant “CBCL Anxious/Depressed by Age” interaction on cortical thickness in the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), including the medial orbito-frontal, gyrus rectus, and subgenual anterior cingulate areas. Anxious/Depressed scores were negatively associated with thickness at younger ages (
- Published
- 2013
45. Changes in resting-state functionally connected parieto-frontal networks after videogame practice
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Martínez, Kenia, Solana Sánchez, Ana Beatriz, Burgaleta, Miguel, Hernández Tamames, J.A., Alvarez Linera, Juan, Román, Francisco J., Alfayate, E., Privado, Jesús, Escorial, Sergio, Quiroga, Mª Ángeles, Karama, Sherif, Bellec, Pierre, and Colom, Roberto
- Subjects
Telecomunicaciones ,Física ,Psicología - Abstract
Neuroimaging studies provide evidence for organized intrinsic activity under task-free conditions. This activity serves functionally relevant brain systems supporting cognition. Here, we analyze changes in resting-state functional connectivity after videogame practice applying a test–retest design. Twenty young females were selected from a group of 100 participants tested on four standardized cognitive ability tests. The practice and control groups were carefully matched on their ability scores. The practice group played during two sessions per week across 4 weeks (16 h total) under strict supervision in the laboratory, showing systematic performance improvements in the game. A group independent component analysis (GICA) applying multisession temporal concatenation on test–retest resting-state fMRI, jointly with a dual-regression approach, was computed. Supporting the main hypothesis, the key finding reveals an increased correlated activity during rest in certain predefined resting state networks (albeit using uncorrected statistics) attributable to practice with the cognitively demanding tasks of the videogame. Observed changes were mainly concentrated on parietofrontal networks involved in heterogeneous cognitive functions.
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- 2012
46. Overweight is not associated with cortical thickness alterations in children
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Sharkey, Rachel J., primary, Karama, Sherif, additional, and Dagher, Alain, additional
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- 2015
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47. Cortical Structural Connectivity Alterations in Primary Insomnia: Insights from MRI-Based Morphometric Correlation Analysis
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Zhao, Lu, primary, Wang, Enfeng, additional, Zhang, Xiaoqi, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Khundrakpam, Budhachandra, additional, Zhang, Hongju, additional, Guan, Min, additional, Wang, Meiyun, additional, Cheng, Jingliang, additional, Shi, Dapeng, additional, Evans, Alan C., additional, and Li, Yongli, additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
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48. The Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment Project: Theory and Methodology
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O'Donnell, Katherine A, primary, Gaudreau, Hélène, additional, Colalillo, Sara, additional, Steiner, Meir, additional, Atkinson, Leslie, additional, Moss, Ellen, additional, Goldberg, Susan, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, Matthews, Stephen G, additional, Lydon, John E, additional, Silveira, Patricia P, additional, Wazana, Ashley D, additional, Levitan, Robert D, additional, Sokolowski, Marla B, additional, Kennedy, James L, additional, Fleming, Alison, additional, and Meaney, Michael J, additional
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- 2014
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49. Structural changes after videogame practice related to a brain network associated with intelligence
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Colom, Roberto, Quiroga, Mª Ángeles, Solana Sánchez, Ana Beatriz, Burgaleta, Miguel, Román, Francisco J., Privado, Jesús, Escorial, Sergio, Martínez, Kenia, Alvarez Linera, Juan, Alfayate, E., García, Felipe, Lepage, Claude, Hernández Tamames, J.A., Karama, Sherif, Colom, Roberto, Quiroga, Mª Ángeles, Solana Sánchez, Ana Beatriz, Burgaleta, Miguel, Román, Francisco J., Privado, Jesús, Escorial, Sergio, Martínez, Kenia, Alvarez Linera, Juan, Alfayate, E., García, Felipe, Lepage, Claude, Hernández Tamames, J.A., and Karama, Sherif
- Abstract
Here gray and white matter changes after four weeks of videogame practice were analyzed using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM), cortical surface and cortical thickness indices, and white matter integrity computed from several projection, commissural, and association tracts relevant to cognition. Beginning with a sample of one hundred young females, twenty right handed participants were recruited for the study and assigned to a practice or a control group carefully matched by their general cognitive ability scores. After the first scan, the practice group played ‘Professor Layton and The Pandora's Box’ 4 h per week during four weeks. A second scan was obtained at the end of practice and intelligence was measured again. Image analyses revealed gray and white matter changes in the practice group. Gray matter changes theoretically relevant for intelligence were observed for the practice group mainly in frontal clusters (Brodmann areas 9 and 10) and also in smaller parietal and temporal regions. White matter findings were focused in the hippocampal cingulum and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. These gray and white matter changes presumably induced by practice did not interact with intelligence tests' scores.
- Published
- 2012
50. Subcortical regional morphology correlates with fluid and spatial intelligence
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Burgaleta, Miguel, primary, MacDonald, Penny A., additional, Martínez, Kenia, additional, Román, Francisco J., additional, Álvarez‐Linera, Juan, additional, González, Ana Ramos, additional, Karama, Sherif, additional, and Colom, Roberto, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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