77 results on '"K. Malcolm"'
Search Results
2. Diabetic Pyomyositis: An Unusual Cause of Painful Thigh
- Author
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K Malcolm Jeyaraj, Mugundhan Krishnan, S Sakthivelayutham, R Viveka Saravanan, Muralidharan Kamalakannan, Usharani Budumuru, and Perumal R Sowmini
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
3. Diabetic Pyomyositis: An Unusual Cause of Painful Thigh
- Author
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Jeyaraj, K Malcolm, primary, Krishnan, Mugundhan, additional, Sakthivelayutham, S, additional, Saravanan, R Viveka, additional, Kamalakannan, Muralidharan, additional, Budumuru, Usharani, additional, and Sowmini, Perumal R, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Anterior Spinal Artery Infarct
- Author
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Vijay, M, primary, Kumar, M Sathish, additional, Jeyaraj, K Malcolm, additional, Sowmini, PR, additional, Krishnan, Mugundhan, additional, Sivaroja, Y, additional, Sakthivelayutham, S, additional, Saravanan, R Viveka, additional, and Kamatchi, S, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. 518 Targeted sequencing panel simultaneously detects Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus species and antimicrobial resistance profiles from sputum
- Author
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R. Davidson, N. Rysavy, K. Callahan, N. Weakly, K. Anderson, F. Jia, K. Poch, S. Caceres, M. Schurr, A. Horswill, K. Malcolm, B. Vestal, and M. Saavedra
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
6. 520 Molecular evidence of Mycobacterium abscessus in nontuberculous mycobacterium patient cohorts classified by sputum culture
- Author
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R. Davidson, N. Rysavy, K. Callahan, F. Jia, K. Poch, S. Caceres, K. Malcolm, B. Vestal, and J. Nick
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
7. Benitez Rojo and Las Casas's Plague of Ants: The Libidinal Versus the Ideological Unconscious
- Author
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Read, Malcolm K. (Malcolm Kevin)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 537 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is essential for effective macrophage killing of nontuberculous mycobacteria
- Author
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A. Ochoa, J. Corley, K. Marlin, A. Simenauer, J. McClendon, T. Trinh, E. Wheeler, P. Hume, W. Janssen, J. Nick, K. Malcolm, and K. Hisert
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
9. 500 Immunoglobulins in saliva as a culture-independent marker of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in cystic fibrosis
- Author
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K. Calhoun, K. Malcolm, E. Wheeler, K. Poch, S. Caceres, N. Rysavy, and J. Nick
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
10. 468 Complement opsonization promotes efficient Mycobacterium avium killing by human neutrophils
- Author
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P. Lenhart-Pendergrass, K. Malcolm, E. Wheeler, N. Rysavy, K. Poch, S. Caceres, and J. Nick
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
11. Anterior Spinal Artery Infarct
- Author
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M Vijay, M Sathish Kumar, K Malcolm Jeyaraj, PR Sowmini, Mugundhan Krishnan, Y Sivaroja, S Sakthivelayutham, R Viveka Saravanan, and S Kamatchi
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
12. Opsonization Promotes Efficient Mycobacterium Avium Killing by Human Neutrophils
- Author
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P.M. Lenhart-Pendergrass, K. Malcolm, E. Wheeler, N. Rysavy, K. Poch, S. Caceres, and J.A. Nick
- Published
- 2021
13. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, arterial remodeling and prehypertension in a healthy population at low cardiometabolic risk
- Author
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Kozakova, M. Gastaldelli, A. Morizzo, C. Højlund, K. Nilssson, P.M. Ferrannini, E. Heine, R.J. Dekker, J. de Rooij, S. Nijpels, G. Boorsma, W. Kok, A. Mitrakou, A. Tournis, S. Kyriakopoulou, K. Thomakos, P. Lalic, N. Lalic, K. Jotic, A. Lukic, L. Civcic, M. Nolan, J. Yeow, T.P. Murphy, M. DeLong, C. Neary, G. Colgan, M.P. Hatunic, M. Gaffney, P. Boran, G. Konrad, T. Böhles, H. Fuellert, S. Baer, F. Zuchhold, H. Golay, A. Bobbioni, E.H. Barthassat, V. Makoundou, V. Lehmann, T.N.O. Merminod, T. Petrie (now Dundee), J.R. Perry, C. Neary, F. MacDougall, C. Shields, K. Malcolm, L. Laakso, M. Salmenniemi, U. Aura, A. Raisanen, R. Ruotsalainen, U. Sistonen, T. Laitinen, M. Saloranta, H. Coppack, S.W. McIntosh, N. Ross, J. Pettersson, L. Khadobaksh, P. Balkau, B. Mhamdi, L. Guillanneuf, M.T. Laville, M. Bonnet, F. Brac de la Perriere, A. Louche-Pelissier, C. Maitrepierre, C. Peyrat, J. Beltran, S. Serusclat, A. Gabriel, R. Sánchez, E.M. Carraro, R. Friera, A. Novella, B. Nilssone, P. Persson, M. Östling, G. Melander, O. Burri, P. Piatti, P.M. Monti, L.D. Setola, E. Galluccio, E. Minicucci, F. Colleluori, A. Walker, M. Ibrahim, I.M. Jayapaul, M. Carman, D. Ryan, C. Short, K. McGrady, Y. Richardson, D. Patel, S. Beck-Nielsen, H. Staehr, P. Hojlundd, K. Vestergaard, V. Olsen, C. Hansen, L. Bolli, G.B. Porcellati, F. Fanelli, C. Lucidi, P. Calcinaro, F. Saturni, A. Ferranninia, E. Natali, A. Muscelli, E. Pinnola, S. Kozakovaa, M. Hills, S.A. Landucci, L. Mota, L. Gastaldelli, A. Ciociaro, D. Mari, A. Pacini, G. Cavaggion, C. Mingrone, G. Guidone, C. Favuzzi, A. Di Rocco, P. Anderwald, C. Bischof, M. Promintzer, M. Krebs, M. Mandl, M. Hofer, A. Luger, A. Waldhäusl, W. Roden, M. Palombo, C. RISC Investigators
- Abstract
Plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was suggested to reflect the level of systemic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress induces changes in arterial structure and function and contributes to the development of hypertension. Therefore, GGT may be associated with arterial remodeling and blood pressure (BP) increment, even in absence of disease. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated, in 825 healthy subjects at low cardiometabolic risk, the associations of plasma GGT with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), luminal diameter and prehypertension; in 154 subjects was evaluated also the association with aortic stiffness (cfPWV). Associations were controlled for insulin sensitivity, C-reactive protein, and life-style habits. In the main population, BP was remeasured after 3 years. Carotid diameter and cfPWV, but not IMT, were directly and independently related to plasma GGT. Subjects with prehypertension (N = 330) had higher GGT as compared with subjects with normal BP (22 [14] vs 17 [11] IU/L; adjusted P = 0.001), and within prehypertensive subjects, those who developed hypertension during 3 years had higher GGT than those without incident hypertension (27 [16] vs 21 [14] IU/L; adjusted P < 0.05). Within subjects with arterial stiffness measurement, those with prehypertension (N = 79) had higher both GGT and arterial stiffness (25 [14] vs 16 [20] IU/L and 9.11 ± 1.24 vs 7.90 ± 0.94 m/s; adjusted P < 0.01 and
- Published
- 2021
14. Inter-nuclear Opthalmoplegia with Upbeat Nystagmus and Central Facial Palsy in Medial Medullary Syndrome.
- Author
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K. V., Vandana, Jyothi, Prakash J., Lakshmanan, S., Jeyaraj, K. Malcolm, Velayutham, S. Sakthi, Sowmini, P. R., Kannan, V., Saravanan, R. Viveka, and Mugundhan, K.
- Subjects
CEREBRAL infarction ,SEMICIRCULAR canals ,FACIAL paralysis ,TWO-dimensional bar codes ,MEDULLA oblongata - Abstract
This article discusses a rare case of inter-nuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) with upbeat nystagmus and upper motor neuron (UMN) facial paresis in a patient with medial medullary syndrome. The patient, a 55-year-old male with diabetes and hypertension, presented with symptoms of dizziness, vomiting, numbness, and weakness on the left side of the body. Clinical examination revealed adduction restriction of the right eye, left eye abducting nystagmus, upbeat nystagmus, left central facial palsy, and hemiparesis on the left side. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of an acute infarct in the right medial medullary region. The article provides a detailed analysis of the structures involved and discusses the rarity of these symptoms in medial medullary infarctions. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The "Heart Appearance Sign" in Bilateral Medial Medullary Infarction with Unusual Presentation as Incomplete Syndrome.
- Author
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Ravi, Pavithra, Surya Prakash, Kanithi S. S. S., D., Srilekha, Katam, Jayavardhan Reddy, Yellaturi, Sivarojd, S., Lakshmanan, P. R., Sowmini, S., Sakthi Velayutham, K., Malcolm Jeyaraj, V., Kannan, R., Viveka Saravanan, and K., Mugundhan
- Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance angiography ,MYOCARDIAL infarction ,CEREBRAL infarction ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,VERTEBRAL artery - Abstract
This article discusses a rare case of bilateral medial medullary infarction, a type of stroke that affects less than 0.5% of all cerebral infarcts. The usual presentation of this condition includes contralateral hemiplegia, loss of vibration sensation, and ipsilateral hypoglossal paralysis. However, the patient in this case had an incomplete syndrome, presenting with giddiness, numbness in the right lower limb, and weakness in the right upper and lower limbs. The MRI revealed bilateral ventral medulla infarction with the characteristic "heart appearance sign." The patient was treated with medication and physiotherapy, and her symptoms improved without respiratory failure. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Revisiting Post-stroke Epilepsy
- Author
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Jeyaraj, K Malcolm, primary
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Efficient Mycobacterium Avium Killing by Human Neutrophils Requires Opsonization
- Author
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J.A. Nick, X.A. Grimm, K. Malcolm, and P.M. Lenhart-Pendergrass
- Subjects
Antibody opsonization ,biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Mycobacterium ,Microbiology - Published
- 2020
18. Palliative Care Utilization Among Veterans with Advanced Interstitial Lung Disease
- Author
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K. Malcolm, J.R. Greenland, J.K. Brown, E. Widera, and J. Ryan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Palliative care ,business.industry ,medicine ,Interstitial lung disease ,Intensive care medicine ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2020
19. 392: M-CSF and GM-CSF matured macrophages demonstrate disparate bactericidal activity and inflammatory phenotype in response to infection by Mycobacterium abscessus
- Author
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W. Janssen, Jerry A. Nick, K. Malcolm, A. Ochoa, A. Simenauer, Katherine B. Hisert, and K. Skinner
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,Mycobacterium abscessus ,biology.organism_classification ,business ,medicine.disease ,Cystic fibrosis ,Phenotype ,Microbiology - Published
- 2021
20. Single-blind randomised controlled trial of chemonucleolysis and manipulation in the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation
- Author
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Burton, A. K., Tillotson, K. Malcolm, and Cleary, John
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A Case of Morvan's Syndrome Associated with Heavy Metal Poisoning after Ayurvedic Drug Intake
- Author
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S Mohanakkannan, Arunan S, Sowmini R Perumal, K Malcolm Jeyaraj, and Sakthi Velayudham
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Injury control ,peripheral nerve hyperexcitability ,Poison control ,Case Report ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Morvan's syndrome ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Metal poisoning ,Peripheral nerve ,Medicine ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,biology ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Ayurvedic drug intake ,Heavy metals ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,030205 complementary & alternative medicine ,heavy metal poisoning ,biology.protein ,Neurology (clinical) ,Antibody ,Drug intoxication ,business - Abstract
Morvan's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder of peripheral and central nervous system mediated by VGKC antibody. Here we report a case of Morvans syndrome who presented 1 month after ayurvedic drug intake. She presented with symptoms of peripheral nerve hyperexcitablity and autoimmune testing revealed positive result for VGKC antibody. Heavy metals level was also significantly raised. She improved after a course of steroids. This case report tries to highlight the association of VGKC mediated Morvans syndrome with heavy metal poisoning and its incidental occurence after Ayurvedic drug intake.
- Published
- 2018
22. An automated computational biomechanics workflow for improving breast cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Author
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Poul M. F. Nielsen, Anthony Doyle, Duane T. K. Malcolm, Anna Mîra, Thiranja P. Babarenda Gamage, Martyn P. Nash, and Gonzalo D. Maso Talou
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Modalities ,business.industry ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Articles ,Computational biomechanics ,medicine.disease ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Biochemistry ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Workflow ,Breast cancer ,Medical imaging ,medicine ,Medical physics ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Clinicians face many challenges when diagnosing and treating breast cancer. These challenges include interpreting and co-locating information between different medical imaging modalities that are used to identify tumours and predicting where these tumours move to during different treatment procedures. We have developed a novel automated breast image analysis workflow that integrates state-of-the-art image processing and machine learning techniques, personalized three-dimensional biomechanical modelling and population-based statistical analysis to assist clinicians during breast cancer detection and treatment procedures. This paper summarizes our recent research to address the various technical and implementation challenges associated with creating a fully automated system. The workflow is applied to predict the repositioning of tumours from the prone position, where diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging is performed, to the supine position where treatment procedures are performed. We discuss our recent advances towards addressing challenges in identifying the mechanical properties of the breast and evaluating the accuracy of the biomechanical models. We also describe our progress in implementing a prototype of this workflow in clinical practice. Clinical adoption of these state-of-the-art modelling techniques has significant potential for reducing the number of misdiagnosed breast cancers, while also helping to improve the treatment of patients.
- Published
- 2019
23. Policy-induced selection bias in pharmacoepidemiology: The example of coverage for Alzheimer's medications in British Columbia
- Author
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Ken Bassett, K. Malcolm Maclure, Colin R. Dormuth, Anat Fisher, and Greg Carney
- Subjects
reimbursement policy ,cholinesterase inhibitors ,pharmacoepidemiology ,Epidemiology ,Office Visits ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Disease ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Reimbursement Mechanisms ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,Original Reports ,Medicine ,Humans ,Original Report ,Pharmacology (medical) ,selection bias ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,Medical diagnosis ,education ,Reimbursement ,media_common ,Aged ,Selection bias ,education.field_of_study ,British Columbia ,business.industry ,Interrupted Time Series Analysis ,drug reimbursement ,Pharmacoepidemiology ,Alzheimer's disease ,Confidence interval ,Accidental ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Purposes To assess the impact of a government‐sponsored reimbursement policy for cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) on trends in physician visits with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Longitudinal population‐based study using interrupted time series methods. British Columbia outpatient claims data for individuals aged 65 and older were used to compute monthly AD visit rates and examine the impact of the ChEI reimbursement policy on the coding of AD. We examined trends in the number of patients with AD visits, the number of AD visits per patient, and visits with “competing” diagnoses (mental, neurological, and cerebrovascular disorders and accidental falls). Finally, we described demographic and clinical features of diagnosed patients. Results We analyzed 1.9 million AD visits. Faster growth in recorded AD visits was observed after the policy was implemented, from monthly growth of 7.5 visits per 100 000 person‐months before the policy (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1‐8.9) to monthly growth of 16.5 per 100 000 person‐months after the policy (95% CI, 14.8‐18.3). After the implementation of the policy, we observed increased growth in the number of patients with recorded AD visits and the number of AD visits per patient, as well as a shift in diagnoses away from mental diseases and accidental falls to AD (diagnosis substitution). Conclusions British Columbia's reimbursement policy for ChEIs was associated with a significant acceleration in Alzheimer's visits. Evaluations of health services utilization and clinical outcomes following drug policy changes need to consider policy‐induced influences on the reliability of the data used in the analysis.
- Published
- 2019
24. Revisiting Post-stroke Epilepsy
- Author
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K Malcolm Jeyaraj
- Subjects
03 medical and health sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Post stroke epilepsy ,business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
How to cite this article: Jeyaraj KM. Revisiting Post-stroke Epilepsy. Bengal Physician Journal 2020;7(1):22.
- Published
- 2021
25. Malcolm K., letters (1957-1959)
- Author
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K., Malcolm and K., Malcolm
- Abstract
Malcolm K., change of address (1957)
- Published
- 2019
26. Polyradiculopathy and Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies - Rare Manifestations of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
- Author
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M Sathish Kumar, Sowmini Padmaja Raman, K Malcolm Jeyaraj, S Sakthi Velayutham, and K Mugundhan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Medical treatment ,Nerve root ,business.industry ,Encephalopathy ,Cranial nerves ,medicine.disease ,Polyradiculopathy ,Thrombosis ,Surgery ,Neurology ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis ,business ,Papilledema - Abstract
We report about two young males who developed significant proximal weakness of all four limbs secondary to intracranial hypertension due to intracranial venous sinus thrombosis. Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis can manifest in a variety of ways which includes isolated intracranial hypertension, focal neurological symptoms or signs and acute or subacute encephalopathy. Various false localising signs have been reported to occur in patients with raised intracranial pressure including cranial nerve palsies and extensive radiculopathy. In a patient presenting with flaccid areflexic quadriparesis and papilledema, the possibility of a potentially reversible dysfunction of the cranial nerves and spinal nerve roots due to a marked rise in intracranial and intraspinal pressure must be recognised. Lumboperitoneal shunt to reduce the intraspinal pressure on the spinal nerve roots has been advocated to reverse the symptoms of extensive radiculopathy in such patients. Both of our patients showed remarkable improvement in symptoms and signs with medical treatment of CVT.
- Published
- 2021
27. Friday 24 July 2015
- Author
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Will K Thompson, K Floros, Isabel S Moore, Pieter E Krüger, Judy M Simpson, M N Pemberton, Devon M. Middleton, M Galliford, B Mastroianni, R R Rai, P. A. Higgins, Scott C. Steffensen, K Malcolm, Linda S Robinson, M Tarollo, L O Ingram, H Wooding, P Shorter, Janet A. Seeley, D Starkey, Kelly M. Gatfield, S M McPhail, M-T Borland, Stuart A Sievers, G Denham, K Lipski, S. Thomas, Daniel A Lim, Charles A. Steward, Taylor L. Delaney, David J. McInerney, David M Ng, K Squibb, Luiz C. di Stasi, C. Leigh Allen, A A Moore, Jacqueline M. Shanahan, R. Lane, M M Lewis, B Subramanian, N. Lawrence Edwards, F Foroudi, A. A. Roger Thompson, R Hallinan, Laurie K Stewart, H Neser, N Latta, S. T Hettige, C Lombardi, K Barnett, W Starbuck, B Lunt, M Bressel, S Soteriou, k Hailey, J McAlpine, Truyen D. Pham, P Rowntree, Megan K. Donovan, M. J Neep, D Robb, Nicola J. Platt, Katie A. Mullen, Hana M Russo, Jennifer J. Summerfield, A. A Brown, B Chesson, M Job, E Ungureanu, R Louwe, Gregory B. Taylor, P Podias, S G Nicholls, M van Beekhuizen, F Siddiqi, Melinda S Merchant, Jordan D. Collier, G Fogarty, T Kron, D Dephoff, I Tohotoa, K Piper, Kirsten E. Beattie, N Woznitza, K. Robert Clarke, Vinu S. Siva, E. J. Baxter, H Gunn, Jesse T Steffens, Heather K. Neilson, Christopher T. Barry, S Keats, Ernesto S. Lang, R. Kumar, L. L. Richter, Mark A Ainsworth, T.-T Nguyen, and Nick E. Phillips
- Subjects
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2015
28. Polyradiculopathy and Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies - Rare Manifestations of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis.
- Author
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Raman, Sowmini, Velayutham, S, Jeyaraj, K, Kumar, M, Mugundhan, K, Raman, Sowmini Padmaja, Velayutham, S Sakthi, Jeyaraj, K Malcolm, and Kumar, M Sathish
- Subjects
VENOUS thrombosis ,SINUS thrombosis ,CRANIAL nerves ,CRANIAL sinuses ,POLYRADICULOPATHY ,SPINAL nerve roots ,INTRACRANIAL hypertension - Abstract
We report about two young males who developed significant proximal weakness of all four limbs secondary to intracranial hypertension due to intracranial venous sinus thrombosis. Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis can manifest in a variety of ways which includes isolated intracranial hypertension, focal neurological symptoms or signs and acute or subacute encephalopathy. Various false localising signs have been reported to occur in patients with raised intracranial pressure including cranial nerve palsies and extensive radiculopathy. In a patient presenting with flaccid areflexic quadriparesis and papilledema, the possibility of a potentially reversible dysfunction of the cranial nerves and spinal nerve roots due to a marked rise in intracranial and intraspinal pressure must be recognised. Lumboperitoneal shunt to reduce the intraspinal pressure on the spinal nerve roots has been advocated to reverse the symptoms of extensive radiculopathy in such patients. Both of our patients showed remarkable improvement in symptoms and signs with medical treatment of CVT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Comparative safety and tolerability of duloxetine vs. pregabalin vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
- Author
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Joel Raskin, Gordon Irving, Sandra K. Malcolm, R.C. Risser, and Robert J. Tanenberg
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids ,Gabapentin ,Nausea ,Pregabalin ,Peripheral edema ,Duloxetine Hydrochloride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Humans ,Duloxetine ,Amines ,Adverse effect ,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ,Aged ,Pain Measurement ,Aged, 80 and over ,Analgesics ,business.industry ,Weight change ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Tolerability ,Anesthesia ,Neuralgia ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SUMMARY Objective: The safety and tolerability of three treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP) were compared. Methods: A 12-week, randomized, open-label study confirming the non-inferiority of duloxetine (N = 138) vs. pregabalin (N = 134) and the combination of duloxetine plus gabapentin (N = 135) as the primary outcome was previously published. Patients had an inadequate pain response to a stable dose of gabapentin (≥ 900 mg/day) for ≥ 5 weeks prior to study enrolment. Data from that study were assessed in this current analysis for a detailed report of safety and tolerability. Results: Completion rates did not differ significantly between the groups. Discontinuation because of adverse events was significantly greater in the duloxetine (19.6%) vs. pregabalin group (10.4%; p = 0.04); no differences emerged between the duloxetine vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin (13.3%) groups (p = 0.19) or pregabalin vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin groups (p = 0.57). Adverse event rates varied: nausea, insomnia, hyperhidrosis and decreased appetite were reported significantly more often in patients treated with duloxetine vs. patients treated with pregabalin (each p ≤ 0.01); insomnia significantly more in patients treated with duloxetine vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin (p = 0.01); peripheral oedema significantly more in patients treated with pregabalin vs. duloxetine and duloxetine plus gabapentin (p ≤ 0.001 each) and nausea, hyperhidrosis, decreased appetite and vomiting significantly more in patients treated with duloxetine plus gabapentin vs. pregabalin (each p ≤ 0.05). At end-point, weight change differed significantly among treatment groups: patients in the pregabalin group on average gained weight (1.0 0.04 kg); while, patients in the duloxetine and duloxetine plus gabapentin groups on average lost weight (2.39 0.04 and 1.06 0.04 kg, respectively) (pregabalin vs. duloxetine, p ≤ 0.001; pregabalin vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin, p ≤ 0.001; duloxetine vs. duloxetine plus gabapentin, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Duloxetine, pregabalin and duloxetine plus gabapentin were generally safe and tolerable for the treatment of DPNP. What’s known
- Published
- 2014
30. Subhyaloid Hemorrhage: A Rare Manifestation of CVT.
- Author
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Vijay, Mangalapalli, S., Sakthi Velayutham, P. R., Sowmini, K., Malcolm Jeyaraj, R., Viveka Saravanan, V., Kannan, and Krishnan, Mugundhan
- Subjects
HEMORRHAGE - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. An integrated genomic approach identifies ARID1A as a candidate tumor-suppressor gene in breast cancer
- Author
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Catherine Chabot, Patricia N. Tonin, Sukru Tuzmen, Ewa Przybytkowski, Mark Basik, Spyro Mousses, K. Malcolm, Luca Cavallone, Olli Kallioniemi, Aline Mamo, Cristiano Ferrario, Saima Hassan, Henrik Edgren, and Olga Aleynikova
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,DNA Copy Number Variations ,ARID1A ,Nonsense mutation ,Breast Neoplasms ,Biology ,Transfection ,medicine.disease_cause ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Genes, Tumor Suppressor ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Nuclear Proteins ,Cell cycle ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ,Codon, Nonsense ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,RNA ,Female ,Carcinogenesis ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs) have been classically defined as genes whose loss of function in tumor cells contributes to the formation and/or maintenance of the tumor phenotype. TSGs containing nonsense mutations may not be expressed because of nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD). We combined inhibition of the NMD process, which clears transcripts that contain nonsense mutations, with the application of high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays analysis to discriminate allelic content in order to identify candidate TSGs in five breast cancer cell lines. We identified ARID1A as a target of NMD in the T47D breast cancer cell line, likely as a consequence of a mutation in exon-9, which introduces a premature stop codon at position Q944. ARID1A encodes a human homolog of yeast SWI1, which is an integral member of the hSWI/SNF complex, an ATP-dependent, chromatin-remodeling, multiple-subunit enzyme. Although we did not find any somatic mutations in 11 breast tumors, which show DNA copy-number loss at the 1p36 locus adjacent to ARID1A, we show that low ARID1A RNA or nuclear protein expression is associated with more aggressive breast cancer phenotypes, such as high tumor grade, in two independent cohorts of over 200 human breast cancer cases each. We also found that low ARID1A nuclear expression becomes more prevalent during the later stages of breast tumor progression. Finally, we found that ARID1A re-expression in the T47D cell line results in significant inhibition of colony formation in soft agar. These results suggest that ARID1A may be a candidate TSG in breast cancer.
- Published
- 2011
32. Duloxetine, Pregabalin, and Duloxetine Plus Gabapentin for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain Management in Patients With Inadequate Pain Response to Gabapentin: An Open-Label, Randomized, Noninferiority Comparison
- Author
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Michael J. Robinson, Sandra K. Malcolm, Jonna Ahl, Robert J. Tanenberg, R.C. Risser, Vladimir Skljarevski, and Gordon Irving
- Subjects
Male ,Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids ,Gabapentin ,Nausea ,Pregabalin ,Peripheral edema ,Thiophenes ,Duloxetine Hydrochloride ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Journal Article ,medicine ,Humans ,Duloxetine ,Amines ,Brief Pain Inventory ,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ,Aged ,Pain Measurement ,Analgesics ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Treatment Outcome ,Peripheral neuropathy ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,Neuralgia ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether duloxetine is noninferior to (as good as) pregabalin in the treatment of pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a 12-week, open-label study of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain who had been treated with gabapentin (≥900 mg/d) and had an inadequate response (defined as a daily pain score of ≥4 on a numerical rating scale [0-10 points]). The first patient was enrolled on September 28, 2006, and the last patient visit occurred on August 26, 2009. Patients were randomized to duloxetine monotherapy (n=138), pregabalin monotherapy (n=134), or a combination of duloxetine and gabapentin (n=135). The primary objective was a noninferiority comparison between duloxetine and pregabalin on improvement in the weekly mean of the diary-based daily pain score (0- to 10-point scale) at end point. Noninferiority would be declared if the mean improvement for duloxetine was no worse than the mean improvement for pregabalin, within statistical variability, by a margin of –0.8 unit. RESULTS The mean change in the pain rating at end point was –2.6 for duloxetine and –2.1 for pregabalin. The 97.5% lower confidence limit was a –0.05 difference in means, establishing noninferiority. As to adverse effects, nausea, insomnia, hyperhidrosis, and decreased appetite were more frequent with duloxetine than pregabalin; insomnia, more frequent with duloxetine than duloxetine plus gabapentin; peripheral edema, more frequent with pregabalin than with duloxetine; and nausea, hyperhidrosis, decreased appetite, and vomiting, more frequent with duloxetine plus gabapentin than with pregabalin. CONCLUSION Duloxetine was noninferior to pregabalin for the treatment of pain in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who had an inadequate pain response to gabapentin. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00385671
- Published
- 2011
33. Quantifying Normal Geometric Variation in Human Pulmonary Lobar Geometry From High Resolution Computed Tomography
- Author
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Merryn H. Tawhai, Ho-Fung Chan, Alys R. Clark, Duane T. K. Malcolm, and Eric A. Hoffman
- Subjects
Male ,High-resolution computed tomography ,Biomedical Engineering ,Geometry ,Image processing ,Physiology (medical) ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,medicine ,Humans ,Lung ,Mathematics ,Principal Component Analysis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Reproducibility of Results ,Middle Aged ,Research Papers ,Healthy Volunteers ,Lobe ,Diaphragm (structural system) ,Normal variation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Principal component analysis ,Female ,Tomography ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Previous studies of the ex vivo lung have suggested significant intersubject variability in lung lobe geometry. A quantitative description of normal lung lobe shape would therefore have value in improving the discrimination between normal population variability in shape and pathology. To quantify normal human lobe shape variability, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging of the lung at full inspiration. Volumetric imaging from 22 never-smoking subjects (10 female and 12 male) with normal lung function was included in the analysis. For each subject, an initial finite element mesh geometry was generated from a group of manually selected nodes that were placed at distinct anatomical locations on the lung surface. Each mesh used cubic shape functions to describe the surface curvilinearity, and the mesh was fitted to surface data for each lobe. A PCA was performed on the surface meshes for each lobe. Nine principal components (PCs) were sufficient to capture >90% of the normal variation in each of the five lobes. The analysis shows that lobe size can explain between 20% and 50% of intersubject variability, depending on the lobe considered. Diaphragm shape was the next most significant intersubject difference. When the influence of lung size difference is removed, the angle of the fissures becomes the most significant shape difference, and the variability in relative lobe size becomes important. We also show how a lobe from an independent subject can be projected onto the study population’s PCs, demonstrating potential for abnormalities in lobar geometry to be defined in a quantitative manner.
- Published
- 2015
34. Angiopoietin-like 4 Modifies the Interactions between Lipoprotein Lipase and Its Endothelial Cell Transporter GPIHBP1
- Author
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Xun Chi, Shwetha K. Shetty, Brandon S.J. Davies, Alexander J. Hjelmaas, Hannah W. Shows, and Emily K. Malcolm
- Subjects
Lipolysis ,Context (language use) ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Biochemistry ,ANGPTL4 ,Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 ,Animals ,Humans ,Lipase ,Molecular Biology ,Cells, Cultured ,Triglycerides ,Receptors, Lipoprotein ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Lipoprotein lipase ,biology ,integumentary system ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,GPIHBP1 ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,Endothelial Cells ,Biological Transport ,Cell Biology ,Protein Structure, Tertiary ,Rats ,Endothelial stem cell ,Lipoprotein Lipase ,Enzyme ,HEK293 Cells ,Metabolism ,chemistry ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Culture Media, Conditioned ,biology.protein ,cardiovascular system ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Angiopoietins ,Protein Binding - Abstract
The release of fatty acids from plasma triglycerides for tissue uptake is critically dependent on the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Hydrolysis of plasma triglycerides by LPL can be disrupted by the protein angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), and ANGPTL4 has been shown to inactivate LPL in vitro. However, in vivo LPL is often complexed to glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1) on the surface of capillary endothelial cells. GPIHBP1 is responsible for trafficking LPL across capillary endothelial cells and anchors LPL to the capillary wall during lipolysis. How ANGPTL4 interacts with LPL in this context is not known. In this study, we investigated the interactions of ANGPTL4 with LPL-GPIHBP1 complexes on the surface of endothelial cells. We show that ANGPTL4 was capable of binding and inactivating LPL complexed to GPIHBP1 on the surface of endothelial cells. Once inactivated, LPL dissociated from GPIHBP1. We also show that ANGPTL4-inactivated LPL was incapable of binding GPIHBP1. ANGPTL4 was capable of binding, but not inactivating, LPL at 4 °C, suggesting that binding alone was not sufficient for ANGPTL4's inhibitory activity. We observed that although the N-terminal coiled-coil domain of ANGPTL4 by itself and full-length ANGPTL4 both bound with similar affinities to LPL, the N-terminal fragment was more potent in inactivating both free and GPIHBP1-bound LPL. These results led us to conclude that ANGPTL4 can both bind and inactivate LPL complexed to GPIHBP1 and that inactivation of LPL by ANGPTL4 greatly reduces the affinity of LPL for GPIHBP1. Background: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) function is modified by interactions with its transporter GPIHBP1 and the inhibitor angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4). Results: ANGPTL4 inactivated GPIHBP1-bound LPL. Inactivated LPL could not bind GPIHBP1. Conclusion: ANGPTL4 inactivation of LPL reduces the affinity of LPL for GPIHBP1 causing dissociation. Significance: Understanding ANGPTL4's interactions with LPL in a physiological context is vital to clarifying ANGPTL4's role in triglyceride metabolism.
- Published
- 2014
35. Synthesis of Mono- and Diaza-‘Pyridones’ via Stille Coupling of Alkoxystannanes
- Author
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Timothy Gallagher, Georgia K. Malcolm, Charlotte L. Smith, Daniel J. Nasrallah, and Christoph Hirschhaeuser
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytisine ,chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,Pyridine ,Chemie ,Medicinal chemistry ,Demethylation ,Stille reaction - Abstract
Various alkoxy-substituted heterocyclic stannanes provide access to the corresponding substituted ‘pyridone’ moieties via Stille cross-coupling. Both pyridyl and a series of diazinyl stannanes are prepared, and options for unmasking (via demethylation or debenzylation) of the pyridone unit are evaluated.
- Published
- 2014
36. Polymorphism at Codon 72 of p53 Is Not Associated with Cervical Cancer Risk
- Author
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James C. Boyd, Mark H. Stoler, Gwen B. Baber, and Elsa K. Malcolm
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Arginine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Adenocarcinoma ,Biology ,Bioinformatics ,Logistic regression ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Gene Frequency ,Internal medicine ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,medicine ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Carcinoma, Small Cell ,Allele ,Codon ,Allelotype ,Alleles ,Cervical cancer ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Homozygote ,DNA, Neoplasm ,Odds ratio ,Cervical conization ,medicine.disease ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Female ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,Carcinoma in Situ ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Abstract
P53 allelic polymorphism at codon 72 has been studied as a possible predisposing factor for cervical carcinogenesis with inconsistent results. Storey and colleagues recently published the interesting finding of a 7-fold increased risk for cervical cancer in women homozygous for the arginine allele at codon 72. This stimulated a number of independent investigations, the majority of which found no association of cervical cancer and arginine homozygosity. With the use of a modified Storey method for determining codon 72 allelotypes, DNA was examined from 431 microdissected, formalin-fixed, archival cervical conization specimens ranging from low-grade squamous lesions to invasive cancer. An alternative independent method using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed on all arginine homozygotes and all indeterminate cases for confirmation and final allelotype assignment. With the use of Storey's method alone, logistic regression suggested an association (odds ratio, 1.42) between arginine homozygosity and invasive disease. However, with the use of the combined method for accurate allelotyping, this trend disappeared (odds ratio, 1.00), the discordance was clearly resolvable as being due to methodologic variables. With the use of two separate methods for codon 72 allelotyping and accounting for a number of the issues raised in previously published reports, there is no increased risk for invasive cervical cancer associated with arginine homozygosity at codon 72 of p53.
- Published
- 2000
37. Hepatitis C: diagnosis and treatment
- Author
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Thad, Wilkins, Jennifer K, Malcolm, Dimple, Raina, and Robert R, Schade
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Interferon-alpha ,Hepacivirus ,Interferon alpha-2 ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Antiviral Agents ,Hepatitis C ,Recombinant Proteins ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Ribavirin ,Humans ,Female - Abstract
Hepatitis C, a common chronic bloodborne infection, is found in approximately 2 percent of adults in the United States. Chronic infection is associated with serious morbidity and mortality (e.g., cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma). Testing for hepatitis C is recommended for at-risk populations, and confirmatory testing includes quantification of virus by polymerase chain reaction. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends against routine screening for hepatitis C virus infection in asymptomatic adults who are not at increased risk of infection (general population). It found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening in adults at high risk of infection. Current therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus includes pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Therapy is based on factors that predict sustained virologic response, and the goal of therapy is to slow or halt progression of fibrosis and prevent the development of cirrhosis. In the future, multidrug regimens in combination with current therapies may be developed. Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection should be advised to abstain from alcohol use. Currently, there is no vaccine available to prevent hepatitis C virus infection; however, persons infected with hepatitis C virus should be vaccinated for hepatitis A and B. The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases recommends ultrasound surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in persons with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and cirrhosis.
- Published
- 2010
38. Fasting insulin has a stronger association with an adverse cardiometabolic risk profile than insulin resistance: The RISC study
- Author
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De Rooij, S.R. Dekker, J.M. Kozakova, M. Mitrakou, A. Melander, O. Gabriel, R. Guidone, C. Højlund, K. Murphy, M.S. Nijpels, G. Dekker, J. De Rooij, S. Nijpels, G. Boorsma, W. Mitrakou, A. Tournis, S. Kyriakopoulou, K. Thomakos, P. Lalic, N. Lalic, K. Jotic, A. Lukic, L. Civcic, M. Nolan, J. Yeow, T.P. Murphy, M. DeLong, C. Neary, G. Colgan, M.P. Hatunic, M. Konrad, T. Böhles, H. Fuellert, S. Baer, F. Zuchhold, H. Golay, A. Harsch Bobbioni, E. Barthassat, V. Makoundou, V. Lehmann, T.N.O. Merminod, T. Petrie, J.R. Perry, C. Neary, F. MacDougall, C. Shields, K. Malcolm, L. Laakso, M. Salmenniemi, U. Aura, A. Raisanen, R. Ruotsalainen, U. Sistonen, T. Laitinen, M. Saloranta, H. Coppack, S.W. McIntosh, N. Ross, J. Pettersson, L. Khadobaksh, P. Laville, M. Bonnet, F. Brac De La Perriere, A. Louche-Pelissier, C. Maitrepierre, C. Peyrat, J. Beltran, S. Serusclat, A. Gabriel, R. Sánchez, M.E. Carraro, R. Friera, A. Perez, S. Nilsson, P. Persson, M. Östling, G. Melander, O. Burri, P. Piatti, P.M. Monti, L.D. Setola, E. Galluccio, E. Minicucci, F. Colleluori, A. Walker, M. Ibrahim, I.M. Jayapaul, M. Carman, D. Ryan, C. Short, K. McGrady, Y. Richardson, D. Beck-Nielsen, H. Staehr, P. Hojlund, K. Vestergaard, V. Olsen, C. Hansen, L. Bolli, G.B. Porcellati, F. Fanelli, C. Lucidi, P. Calcinaro, F. Saturni, A. Ferrannini, E. Natali, A. Muscelli, E. Pinnola, S. Kozakova, M. Mingrone, G. Guidone, C. Favuzzi, A. Di Rocco, P. Anderwald, C. Bischof, M. Promintzer, M. Krebs, M. Mandl, M. Hofer, A. Luger, A. Waldhäusl, W. Roden, M. Balkau, B. Coppack, S.W. Dekker, J.M. Ferrannini, E. Mari, A. Walker, M. Gaffney, P. Nolan, J. Boran, G. Olsen, C. Hansen, L. Beck-Nielsen, H. Kok, A. Dekker, J. Patel, S. Walker, M. Gastaldelli, A. Ciociaro, D. Kozakova, M. Guillanneuf, M.T. Balkau, B. Mhamdi, L. Balkau, B. Balkau, B. Mari, A. Mhamdi, L. Landucci, L. Hills, S. Mota, L. Mari, A. Pacini, G. Cavaggion, C. Hills, S.A. Landucci, L. Mota, L.
- Abstract
Objective: Fasting insulin concentrations are often used as a surrogate measure of insulin resistance. We investigated the relative contributions of fasting insulin and insulin resistance to cardiometabolic risk and preclinical atherosclerosis. Design and methods: The Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) cohort consists of 1326 European non-diabetic, overall healthy men and women aged 30-60 years. We performed standard oral glucose tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. As a general measure of cardiovascular risk, we assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in 1177 participants. Carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) was measured by ultrasound to assess preclinical atherosclerosis. Results: Fasting insulin was correlated with all elements of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin sensitivity (M/I) was correlated with most elements. The odds ratio for the metabolic syndrome of those in the highest quartile of fasting insulin compared with those in the lower quartiles was 5.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8-10.3, adjusted for insulin sensitivity) in men and 5.1 (2.6-9.9) in women. The odds ratio for metabolic syndrome of those with insulin sensitivity in the lowest quartile of the cohort compared with those in the higher quartiles was 2.4 (95% CI 1.3-4.7, adjusted for fasting insulin) in men and 1.6 (0.8-3.1) in women. Carotid IMT was only statistically significantly associated with fasting insulin in both men and women. Conclusions: Fasting insulin, a simple and practical measure, may be a stronger and independent contributor to cardiometabolic risk and atherosclerosis in a healthy population than hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp-derived insulin sensitivity. © 2009 European Society of Endocrinology.
- Published
- 2009
39. The effect of menopause on carotid artery remodeling, insulin sensitivity, and plasma adiponectin in healthy women
- Author
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Muscelli, E. Kozàkovà, M. Flyvbjerg, A. Kyriakopoulou, K. Astiarraga, B.D. Glintborg, D. Konrad, T. Favuzzi, A. Petrie, J.R. Heine, R.J. Dekker, J. De Rooij, S. Nijpels, G. Boorsma, W. Mitrakou, A. Tournis, S. Kyriakopoulou, K. Thomakos, P. Lalic, N. Lalic, K. Jotic, A. Lukic, L. Civcic, M. Nolan, J. Yeow, T.P. Murphy, M. DeLong, C. Neary, G. Colgan, M.P. Hatunic, M. Konrad, T. Böhles, H. Fuellert, S. Baer, F. Zuchhold, H. Golay, A. Harsch Bobbioni, E. Barthassat, V. Makoundou, V. Lehmann, T.N.O. Merminod, T. Perry, C. Neary, F. MacDougall, C. Shields, K. Malcolm, L. Laakso, M. Salmenniemi, U. Aura, A. Raisanen, R. Ruotsalainen, U. Sistonen, T. Laitinen, M. Saloranta, H. Coppack, S.W. McIntosh, N. Ross, J. Pettersson, L. Khadobaksh, P. Laville, M. Bonnet, F. Brac De La Perriere, A. Louche-Pelissier, C. Maitrepierre, C. Peyrat, J. Beltran, S. Serusclat, A. Gabriel, R. Sánchez, E.M. Carraro, R. Friera, A. Novella, B. Nilsson, P. Persson, M. Östling, G. Melander, O. Burri, P. Piatti, P.M. Monti, L.D. Setola, E. Galluccio, E. Minicucci, F. Colleluori, A. Walker, M. Ibrahim, I.M. Jayapaul, M. Carman, D. Ryan, C. Short, K. McGrady, Y. Richardson, D. Beck-Nielsen, H. Staehr, P. Hojlund, K. Vestergaard, V. Olsen, C. Hansen, L. Bolli, G.B. Porcellati, F. Fanelli, C. Lucidi, P. Calcinaro, F. Saturni, A. Ferrannini, E. Natali, A. Muscelli, E. Pinnola, S. Kozakova, M. Mingrone, G. Guidone, C. Favuzzi, A. Di Rocco, P. Anderwald, C. Bischof, M. Promintzer, M. Krebs, M. Mandl, M. Hofer, A. Luger, A. Waldhäusl, W. Roden, M. Balkau, B. Coppack, S.W. Dekker, J.M. Ferrannini, E. Mari, A. Walker, M. Gaffney, P. Nolan, J. Boran, G. Olsen, C. Hansen, L. Beck-Nielsen, H. Kok, A. Dekker, J. Patel, S. Walker, M. Gastaldelli, A. Ciociaro, D. Kozakova, M. Guillanneuf, M.T. Balkau, B. Mhamdi, L. Mari, A. Pacini, G. Cavaggion, C. Hills, S.A. Landucci, L. Mota, L.
- Subjects
cardiovascular system ,cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
Background: The mechanisms by which menopause may influence the systemic subclinical atherosclerosis are unexplained. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the associations between early menopause, established cardiovascular (c-v) risk factors, metabolic parameters (insulin secretion and sensitivity, plasma adiponectin), and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in healthy women. Methods: In 74 menopausal women (mean age = 51 ± 3 years, mean duration of menopause = 2.9 ± 1.2 years) and in 74 nonmenopausal women comparable for age and body mass index (BMI), common carotid artery (CCA) luminal diameter, and IMT in different carotid segments were measured in digitized ultrasound images. Insulin sensitivity and secretion were assessed using the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin secretion was reconstructed by mathematical modeling. Results: CCA diameter (5.55 ± 0.46 vs. 5.21± 0.51 mm, P < 0.001), CCA IMT (608 ± 78 vs. 576 ± 74 νm, P < 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (BP) (117 ± 12 vs. 113 ± 11 mm Hg, P < 0.05) were higher in menopausal women, whereas CCA IMT/diameter ratio and IMT in other carotid segments did not differ between the groups. By multivariate models, independent predictors of CCA diameter were menopause and body weight (cumulative R2= 0.37) and independent correlates of CCA IMT were luminal diameter, systolic BP and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (cumulative R2= 0.48). Fasting insulin, insulin secretion, and sensitivity and plasma adiponectin were similar in the two groups and were not related to carotid IMT. Conclusions: Early menopause is associated with CCA remodeling, characterized by a proportional increase in luminal diameter and wall thickness, independent of atherosclerotic risk factors and metabolic variables. © 2009 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.
- Published
- 2009
40. April 2002: 35-year-old healthy man with enlarging right parotid mass
- Author
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Elsa K, Malcolm and M Beatriz S, Lopes
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,CASES OF THE MONTH: April to June 2002 ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Pathognomonic ,Plexiform neurofibroma ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Parotid Gland ,Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ,Neurofibromatosis ,Neurofibroma, Plexiform ,Salivary gland ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Parotid mass ,S100 Proteins ,Parotidectomy ,medicine.disease ,Facial nerve ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Facial Nerve ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Immunohistochemistry ,Neurology (clinical) ,Schwann Cells ,Facial Nerve Diseases ,business - Abstract
The April 2002 Case of the Month (COM). 35-year-old healthy man developed a mass in the right parotid gland. A superifical parotidectomy was performed for a 4.5 x 1.5 x 1.5 cm mass involving the intraparotid facial nerve. Grossly the tumor was multinodular, smooth and yellow with normal surrounding salivary gland. Microscopically, the tumor showed expanding nodules composed of proliferating fibroblasts, Schwann cells, and perineural-like cells in a myxoid stroma. Normal peripheral nerve twigs were identified in the periphery of the tumor. There was no increased mitotic activity, cellularity or nuclear pleomorphism. S-100 immunohistochemical stain was positive. The tumor was diagnosed as a solitary plexiform neurofibroma. Plexiform neurofibromas in this area have been described in children with von Recklinghausen's disease or neurofibromatosis 1 (NF 1). Plexiform neurofibromas typically involve deep seated nerve trunks and is considered pathognomonic for NF 1. This unusual case represents a solitary variant of plexiform neurofibroma presenting as a parotid mass in an adult patient without a personal stigmata or family history of NF 1.
- Published
- 2002
41. Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke after Bee Sting: A Rare Scenario.
- Author
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Abhishek, B. Ram, Velayutham, S. Sakthi, Jeyaraj, K. Malcolm, P. R., Sowmini, Kumar, M. Sathish, Sarvanan S., Viveka, and Mugundhan K.
- Subjects
PHYSICAL diagnosis ,ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ,BITES & stings ,BLOOD vessels ,ISCHEMIC stroke ,INFLAMMATION ,THROMBOLYTIC therapy ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,ITCHING ,DOPPLER ultrasonography ,COMPUTED tomography ,TISSUE plasminogen activator ,DISEASE complications ,MIDDLE age - Abstract
A case study of a 55‑year‑old male, farmer by occupation, who is nonalcoholic and nonsmoker with no comorbidities was admitted to the emergency department with a history of multiple bee stings and presented with swelling and itching over face and neck. Topics include acute infarct in left frontal, parietal, occipital cortical and subcortical regions with no mass effect; and anaphylaxis causing severe hypotension resulting in decreased cerebral hypoperfusion leading to watershed infarct.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Effect of fialuridine on replication of mitochondrial DNA in CEM cells and in human hepatoblastoma cells in culture
- Author
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S R Jaskunas, J. M. Colacino, and S K Malcolm
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DNA Replication ,Hepatoblastoma ,T-Lymphocytes ,Duck hepatitis B virus ,Fialuridine ,Mitochondrion ,Antiviral Agents ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,In vivo ,medicine ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Lactic Acid ,Cells, Cultured ,Pharmacology ,biology ,Zalcitabine ,Arabinofuranosyluracil ,Liver Neoplasms ,DNA replication ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,In vitro ,Mitochondrial toxicity ,Infectious Diseases ,Cell culture ,Lactates ,medicine.drug ,Research Article - Abstract
Fialuridine (FIAU) is a nucleoside analog with potent activity against hepatitis B virus in vitro and in vivo. In this report, the effect of FIAU on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication in vitro was investigated. CEM cells, a cell line derived from human T cells, were incubated for 6 days in up to 20 microM FIAU. Total cellular DNA was isolated, normalized for the number of cells, and slot hybridized to a probe specific for mtDNA sequences. Treatment of CEM cells with FIAU did not result in a dose-dependent decrease in the amount of mtDNA. In contrast, dideoxycytidine (ddC) inhibited mtDNA replication by 50% at a concentration of approximately 0.1 microM. After 6 days of incubation, both compounds displayed a 50% toxic dose at a concentration of approximately 2 microM in CEM cells and approximately 34 microM in human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2). In further experiments, CEM cells were incubated for 15 days in up to 2.5 microM FIAU, and again, no inhibition of mtDNA was observed. Over a 6-day incubation, FIAU, at concentrations of up to 200 microM, also failed to inhibit mtDNA replication in either HepG2 or HepG2 cells which constitutively replicate duck hepatitis B virus. In contrast, ddC inhibited mtDNA replication in these cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of approximately 0.2 microM over a 6-day incubation. Treatment of cells with either FIAU or ddC resulted in a dose-dependent increase in lactate levels in the cell medium, indicating that any effect of FIAU on mitochondrial function may not be related to inhibition of mtDNA replication on the basis of the in vitro data. Alternative explanations for mitochondrial toxicity are considered.
- Published
- 1994
43. Comparative safety of duloxetine versus pregabalin versus duloxetine plus gabapentin in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
- Author
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D. Hann, Sandra K. Malcolm, R.C. Risser, Joel Raskin, Gordon Irving, and Robert J. Tanenberg
- Subjects
Gabapentin ,business.industry ,Pregabalin ,Comparative safety ,Peripheral neuropathic pain ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Neurology ,chemistry ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Duloxetine ,In patient ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2011
44. Private Courts: A Judicial Perspective
- Author
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David K Malcolm
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Law ,Political science ,Perspective (graphical) ,Judicial independence ,Judicial activism - Published
- 2001
45. (185) A comparison of strategies for switching patients from amitriptyline to duloxetine for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
- Author
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Michael E. Robinson, Sandra K. Malcolm, Jonna Ahl, R.C. Risser, and V. Whitmyer
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Neurology ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Anesthesia ,Duloxetine ,Medicine ,Amitriptyline ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Peripheral neuropathic pain ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2008
46. Benitez Rojo and Las Casas's Plague of Ants: The Libidinal Versus the Ideological Unconscious
- Author
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Read, Malcolm K. (Malcolm Kevin), primary
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Psychosocial predictors of outcome in acute and subchronic low-back trouble
- Author
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Burton, A. Kim, Tillotson, K. Malcolm, Main, Chris J., Hollis, Sally, Burton, A. Kim, Tillotson, K. Malcolm, Main, Chris J., and Hollis, Sally
- Abstract
Study Design: A prospective survey of patients seeking primary care for low back pain. Clinical and psychosocial data, available at presentation, were explored for predictors of outcome at 1 year. Objectives: To determine the relative value of clinical and psychosocial variables for early identification of patients with a poor prognosis. Summary of Background Data: Current treatment strategies for low back pain have failed to stem the rising levels of disability. Psychosocial factors have been shown to be important determinants of response to therapy in chronic patients, but the contribution from similar data in acute or subchronic patients has not been comprehensively investigated. Methods: Two hundred fifty-two patients with low back pain, presenting to primary care, underwent a structured clinical interview and completed a battery of psychosocial instruments. Follow-up was done by mail at 1 year; outcome was measured using a back pain disability questionnaire. Predictive relationships were sought between the data at presentation and disability at follow-up. Results: Most patients showed improved disability and pain scores, although more than half had persisting symptoms. Eighteen percent showed significant psychological distress at presentation. Multiple regression analysis showed the level of persisting disability to depend principally on measures in the psychosocial domain; for acute cases outcome is also dependent on the absence or presence of a previous history of low back trouble. Discriminant models successfully allocated typically 76% of cases to recovered/not-recovered groups, largely on the basis of psychosocial factors evident at presentation. Conclusions: Early identification of psychosocial problems is important in understanding, and hopefully preventing, the progression to chronicity in low back trouble.
- Published
- 1995
48. A Case of Morvan's Syndrome Associated with Heavy Metal Poisoning after Ayurvedic Drug Intake
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Perumal, Sowmini R., Velayudham, Sakthi, Jeyaraj, K. Malcolm, and Arunan, S.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. A Blasphemer & Reformer: A Study of James Leslie Mitchell / Lewis Grassic Gibbon
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Gerry Gunnin and William K. Malcolm
- Subjects
Literature and Literary Theory - Published
- 1985
50. Development of a 3D finite element model of lens microcirculation
- Author
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Marc D. Jacobs, Paul J. Donaldson, Duane T. K. Malcolm, and Ehsan Vaghefi
- Subjects
lcsh:Medical technology ,Optical Phenomena ,Hydrostatic pressure ,Finite Element Analysis ,Intracellular Space ,Biomedical Engineering ,Ocular lens ,law.invention ,Ion ,Biomaterials ,Mice ,Optics ,Finite element ,law ,Lens, Crystalline ,Electrochemistry ,Hydrostatic Pressure ,Animals ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Boundary value problem ,Physics ,Steady state ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Advection ,business.industry ,Research ,Microcirculation ,General Medicine ,Mechanics ,Finite element method ,Lens (optics) ,Computational modelling ,Physiological optics ,lcsh:R855-855.5 ,Electrical network ,Hydrodynamics ,business ,Extracellular Space - Abstract
Background It has been proposed that in the absence of a blood supply, the ocular lens operates an internal microcirculation system. This system delivers nutrients, removes waste products and maintains ionic homeostasis in the lens. The microcirculation is generated by spatial differences in membrane transport properties; and previously has been modelled by an equivalent electrical circuit and solved analytically. While effective, this approach did not fully account for all the anatomical and functional complexities of the lens. To encapsulate these complexities we have created a 3D finite element computer model of the lens. Methods Initially, we created an anatomically-correct representative mesh of the lens. We then implemented the Stokes and advective Nernst-Plank equations, in order to model the water and ion fluxes respectively. Next we complemented the model with experimentally-measured surface ionic concentrations as boundary conditions and solved it. Results Our model calculated the standing ionic concentrations and electrical potential gradients in the lens. Furthermore, it generated vector maps of intra- and extracellular space ion and water fluxes that are proposed to circulate throughout the lens. These fields have only been measured on the surface of the lens and our calculations are the first 3D representation of their direction and magnitude in the lens. Conclusion Values for steady state standing fields for concentration and electrical potential plus ionic and fluid fluxes calculated by our model exhibited broad agreement with observed experimental values. Our model of lens function represents a platform to integrate new experimental data as they emerge and assist us to understand how the integrated structure and function of the lens contributes to the maintenance of its transparency.
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