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Experience a traumatic situation usually entails negative consequences in the psychic dimension, including in the form of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, the traumatic experience may also lead to the emergence of positive changes, known as posttraumatic growth (PTG). Among the factors influencing growth after trauma stresses the importance of the individual properties of the man, including resiliency. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship occurring between the resiliency and negative and positive consequences resulting from experiencing a traumatic event. Study involved SO patients after heart transplantation, implantation by-passes or artificial heart valve. The Assessment of Resiliency Scale (SPP-25) of the own design, and the Polish version of The Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) and The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) were used in the study. A key role in the prevention of symptoms of PTSD plays the properties of resiliency, such as optimistic attitude to life and the ability to mobilize themselves in difficult situations. In turn, the positive changes following trauma are related to openness to new experiences and a sense of humor and tolerance for failure and treatment of life as a challenge. Negative and positive effects experienced life events may co-occur with each other.

The article presents characteristics and measurement of a resiliency construct and psychometric properties of Polish scale to measure resiliency in children and adolescents - SPP-18. The scale consists of 18 items, rating on a 5-point rating scale (from 0 - totally disagree to 4 - totally agree). ln a sample comprised of 332 adolescents, aged 12-19 years (42,2% men and 57,8% women) 5-factor structure of the scale was revealed, which explained 63,8% of total variance. The internal consistency of the scale is satisfying, with Cronbach's alpha for the scale = 0,82 (from 0,76 to 0,87 for particular factors). The 4-week test-retest stability was high (r = 0,78). Results of SPP-18 correlate positively with extraversion, and negatively with neuroticism and agreeableness. They also link with coping strategies: positively with active coping and planning and negatively with behavioral disengagement, self-blame, denial and turning to religion.

W medycynie pojęcie jakości życia związanej ze zdrowiem (HRQOL) odnosi się do zdrowia somatycznego i psychicznego jednostki. Lekarze używają często pojęcia HRQOL do pomiaru skutków chorób przewlekłych u pacjentów w celu lepszego zrozumienia powiązania choroby z codziennym życiem chorego. Podobnie profesjonaliści z zakresu zdrowia publicznego używają pojęcia HRQOL do pomiaru skutków różnych zaburzeń, krótkotrwałych niesprawności i chorób w różnych populacjach. Celem przeglądu jest podanie podstawowych informacji na temat pojęcia jakości z perspektywy holistycznej w przekonaniu, że zaprezentowane informacje, analizy i przemyślenia mogą być użyteczne w badaniach interdyscyplinarnych.

Monitoring of risky behaviors in children and adolescents allows, at least to some extent, to establish the reasons of these health-compromising behaviors and to explain their underlying mechanisms, which in turn is a prerequisite of preventive actions. This was the aim of a survey sponsored by the Municipal Department of Health, and carried out in December 2001 by the Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Łódź. Participants in the study were randomly selected 2053 secondary or primary school students aged 12–18. Motives of risky behaviors in the sample studied are differentiated and depending on the respondents’ age, gender, as well as their knowledge and beliefs about action of psychoactive substances. Young people with some personal experience in drinking, smoking and/or drug use more frequently attributed such behaviors to socio-cultural determinants. On the other hand, young people who in real life avoided the above-listed risky behaviors more frequently indicated that such behaviors were due to psychological problems. Age and gender were related to perceived health-related consequences of the risky behaviors studied. Personal experience, and especially current substance use, was associated with perceiving smoking, drinking or drug use among adolescents as less harmful.

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