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1. Analysis of time-to-event for observational studies: Guidance to the use of intensity models

Author

Andersen, Per Kragh, Perme, Maja Pohar, van Houwelingen, Hans C, Cook, Richard J, Joly, Pierre, Martinussen, Torben, Taylor, Jeremy MG, Abrahamowicz, Michal, and Therneau, Terry M

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

This paper provides guidance for researchers with some mathematical background on the conduct of time-to-event analysis in observational studies based on intensity (hazard) models. Discussions of basic concepts like time axis, event definition and censoring are given. Hazard models are introduced, with special emphasis on the Cox proportional hazards regression model. We provide check lists that may be useful both when fitting the model and assessing its goodness of fit and when interpreting the results. Special attention is paid to how to avoid problems with immortal time bias by introducing time-dependent covariates. We discuss prediction based on hazard models and difficulties when attempting to draw proper causal conclusions from such models. Finally, we present a series of examples where the methods and check lists are exemplified. Computational details and implementation using the freely available R software are documented in Supplementary Material. The paper was prepared as part of the STRATOS initiative., Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures. For associated Supplementary material, see http://publicifsv.sund.ku.dk/~pka/STRATOSTG8/

Published
2020

4. The Emergence of Technoscientific Fields and the New Political Sociology of Science

Author

Raimbault, Benjamin, Joly, Pierre-Benoît, Weingart, Peter, Managing Editor, Felt, Ulrike, Editorial Board Member, Hagner, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Hilgartner, Stephen H., Editorial Board Member, Jasanoff, Sheila, Editorial Board Member, Maasen, Sabine, Editorial Board Member, Mendelsohn, Everett, Editorial Board Member, Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg, Editorial Board Member, Shinn, Terry, Editorial Board Member, Whitley, Richard D., Editorial Board Member, Wittrock, Björn, Editorial Board Member, Kastenhofer, Karen, editor, and Molyneux-Hodgson, Susan, editor

Published
2021
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7. Genetic Complexities of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Blood Pressure, and Dementia

Author

Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, primary, Soumaré, Aicha, additional, Bis, Joshua C., additional, Surakka, Ida, additional, Jürgenson, Tuuli, additional, Joly, Pierre, additional, Knol, Maria J., additional, Wang, Ruiqi, additional, Yang, Qiong, additional, Satizabal, Claudia L., additional, Gudjonsson, Alexander, additional, Mishra, Aniket, additional, Bouteloup, Vincent, additional, Phuah, Chia-Ling, additional, van Duijn, Cornelia M., additional, Cruchaga, Carlos, additional, Dufouil, Carole, additional, Chêne, Geneviève, additional, Lopez, Oscar L., additional, Psaty, Bruce M., additional, Tzourio, Christophe, additional, Amouyel, Philippe, additional, Adams, Hieab H., additional, Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, additional, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, additional, Gudnason, Vilmundur, additional, Milani, Lili, additional, Winsvold, Bendik S., additional, Hveem, Kristian, additional, Matthews, Paul M., additional, Longstreth, W. T., additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Launer, Lenore J., additional, and Debette, Stéphanie, additional

Published
2024
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8. Early Mortality, Cardiovascular, and Renal Diseases in Women's Lives Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The Prospective Nationwide Study CONCEPTION

Author

Lailler, Grégory, primary, Grave, Clémence, additional, Gabet, Amélie, additional, Joly, Pierre, additional, Regnault, Nolwenn, additional, Deneux‐Tharaux, Catherine, additional, Tstsaris, Vassilis, additional, Plu‐Bureau, Geneviève, additional, Kretz, Sandrine, additional, Blacher, Jacques, additional, and Olie, Valérie, additional

Published
2024
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10. Genetic Complexities of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Blood Pressure, and Dementia

Author

Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, Soumaré, Aicha, Bis, Joshua C., Surakka, Ida, Jürgenson, Tuuli, Joly, Pierre, Knol, Maria J., Wang, Ruiqi, Yang, Qiong, Satizabal, Claudia L., Gudjonsson, Alexander, Mishra, Aniket, Bouteloup, Vincent, Phuah, Chia Ling, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Cruchaga, Carlos, Dufouil, Carole, Chêne, Geneviève, Lopez, Oscar L., Psaty, Bruce M., Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Adams, Hieab H., Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Milani, Lili, Winsvold, Bendik S., Hveem, Kristian, Matthews, Paul M., Longstreth, W. T., Seshadri, Sudha, Launer, Lenore J., Debette, Stéphanie, Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan, Soumaré, Aicha, Bis, Joshua C., Surakka, Ida, Jürgenson, Tuuli, Joly, Pierre, Knol, Maria J., Wang, Ruiqi, Yang, Qiong, Satizabal, Claudia L., Gudjonsson, Alexander, Mishra, Aniket, Bouteloup, Vincent, Phuah, Chia Ling, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Cruchaga, Carlos, Dufouil, Carole, Chêne, Geneviève, Lopez, Oscar L., Psaty, Bruce M., Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Adams, Hieab H., Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Milani, Lili, Winsvold, Bendik S., Hveem, Kristian, Matthews, Paul M., Longstreth, W. T., Seshadri, Sudha, Launer, Lenore J., and Debette, Stéphanie

Abstract

Importance: Vascular disease is a treatable contributor to dementia risk, but the role of specific markers remains unclear, making prevention strategies uncertain. Objective: To investigate the causal association between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, clinical stroke, blood pressure (BP), and dementia risk, while accounting for potential epidemiologic biases. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study first examined the association of genetically determined WMH burden, stroke, and BP levels with Alzheimer disease (AD) in a 2-sample mendelian randomization (2SMR) framework. Second, using population-based studies (1979-2018) with prospective dementia surveillance, the genetic association of WMH, stroke, and BP with incident all-cause dementia was examined. Data analysis was performed from July 26, 2020, through July 24, 2022. Exposures: Genetically determined WMH burden and BP levels, as well as genetic liability to stroke derived from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European ancestry populations. Main Outcomes and Measures: The association of genetic instruments for WMH, stroke, and BP with dementia was studied using GWASs of AD (defined clinically and additionally meta-analyzed including both clinically diagnosed AD and AD defined based on parental history [AD-meta]) for 2SMR and incident all-cause dementia for longitudinal analyses. Results: In 2SMR (summary statistics-based) analyses using AD GWASs with up to 75 024 AD cases (mean [SD] age at AD onset, 75.5 [4.4] years; 56.9% women), larger WMH burden showed evidence for a causal association with increased risk of AD (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10-1.86; P = .007, per unit increase in WMH risk alleles) and AD-meta (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06-1.34; P = .008), after accounting for pulse pressure for the former. Blood pressure traits showed evidence for a protective association with AD, with evidence for confounding by shared genetic instruments. In the longitudinal (individual-level data

Published
2024

11. Socio-economic assessment and genetically engineered crops in Africa: Building knowledge for development?

Author

Dowd-Uribe, Brian, Blundo Canto, Genowefa, Glover, Dominic, Louafi, Selim, Shilomboleni, Helena, Rock, Joeva Sean, Kikulwe, Enoch M., Fischer, Klara, Joly, Pierre-Benoît, Dowd-Uribe, Brian, Blundo Canto, Genowefa, Glover, Dominic, Louafi, Selim, Shilomboleni, Helena, Rock, Joeva Sean, Kikulwe, Enoch M., Fischer, Klara, and Joly, Pierre-Benoît

Abstract

How could we know if agricultural development interventions make contributions to sustainable development goals (SDGs)? Genetically engineered (GE) crops are celebrated as a class of technological interventions that can realize multiple SDGs. But recent studies have revealed the gap between GE crop program goals and the approaches used to assess their impacts. Using four comprehensive reviews of GE crop socio-economic impacts, we identify common shortcomings across three themes: (a) scope, (b) approaches and (c) heterogeneity. We find that the evaluation sciences literature offers alternative assessment approaches that can enable evaluators to better assess impacts, and inform learning and decision-making. We recommend the use of methods that enable evaluations to look beyond the agronomic and productive effects of individual traits to understand wider socio-economic effects.

Published
2024

12. Joint latent class model for longitudinal data and interval-censored semi-competing events: Application to dementia

Author

Rouanet, Anaïs, Joly, Pierre, Dartigues, Jean-François, Proust-Lima, Cécile, and Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

Joint models are used in ageing studies to investigate the association between longitudinal markers and a time-to-event, and have been extended to multiple markers and/or competing risks. The competing risk of death must be considered in the elderly because death and dementia have common risk factors. Moreover, in cohort studies, time-to-dementia is interval-censored because dementia is only assessed intermittently. So subjects can become demented and die between two follow-up visits without being diagnosed. To study pre-dementia cognitive decline, we propose a joint latent class model combining a (possibly multivariate) mixed model and an illness-death model handling both interval censoring (by accounting for a possible unobserved transition to dementia) and semi-competing risks. Parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood handling interval censoring. The correlation between the marker and the times-to-events is captured by latent classes, homogeneous groups with specific risks of death and dementia and profiles of cognitive decline. We propose markovian and semi-markovian versions. Both approaches are compared to a joint latent class model for standard competing risks through a simulation study, and then applied in a prospective cohort study of cerebral and functional ageing to distinguish different profiles of cognitive decline associated with risks of dementia and death. The comparison highlights that among demented subjects, mortality depends more on age than duration of dementia. This model distinguishes the so-called terminal pre-death decline (among non-demented subjects) from the pre-dementia decline.

Published
2015
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13. Impact of Smoking Reduction Scenarios on the Burden of Myocardial Infarction in the French Population Until 2035.

Author

Kuhn, Johann, Olié, Valérie, Grave, Clémence, Strat, Yann Le, Bonaldi, Christophe, and Joly, Pierre

Subjects
SMOKING cessation, MYOCARDIAL infarction, TOBACCO use, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, FRENCH people
Abstract

Aim: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease caused by necrosis of the myocardium, which places a heavy burden on patients. In France, the proportion of daily smokers remains high, reaching at 25.5% in 2020. We evaluated the impact of smoking reduction scenarios on the projection of MI prevalence, mean age of incident cases and number of MI prevented cases until 2035. Methods and Results: The French government has introduced smoking cessation policies that have led to an annual decrease in smoking prevalence. Based on this annual decline, we implemented three scenarios (SC) simulating an annual decrease in the proportion of smokers aged over 35 (SC1: 1%, ie, natural evolution without intervention, SC2: 2%, SC3: 9.87%) and a fourth scenario (SC4) in which there is a complete discontinuation of smoking from 2024 onwards using MI hospitalization and demographic data, estimations for the proportion of daily smokers between 35 and 95 years and multi-state models. Between 2023 and 2035, MI prevalence increased from 3.18% to 4.23% in males and from 1.00% to 1.46% in females under SC1. MI prevalence was equal to 4.21%, 4.06%, and 3.82% in males and 1.45%, 1.40%, and 1.34% in females in 2035 according to SC2, SC3, and SC4, respectively. Compared with SC1, 0.68% MI cases would be prevented with SC2, 4.52% with SC3 and 10.34% with SC4, with almost half of cases being prevented before 65 years of age. The increase in the mean age of MI incident cases ranged from 3 to 4 years among males and from 1 to 2 years among females. Conclusion: While reducing tobacco use could substantially reduce the number of MI cases prevented, its prevalence would continue to increase due to the ageing population. An integrated prevention strategy that includes the leading cardiovascular risk factors should more efficiently reduce the future burden of MI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Synergistic Effect of UiO-66 Directly Grown on Kombucha-Derived Bacterial Cellulose for Dye Removal.

Author

Plaza-Joly, Pierre, Gallois, Arthur, Bosc-Rouessac, Florence, Drobek, Martin, and Julbe, Anne

Abstract

Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are particularly attractive sorbents with great potential for the removal of toxic dye pollutants from industrial wastewaters. The uniform dispersion of MOF particles on suitable substrates then represents a key condition to improve their processability and provide good accessibility to the active sites. In this work, we investigate the efficiency of a natural bacterial cellulose material derived from Kombucha (KBC) as an active functional support for growing and anchoring MOF particles with UiO-66 structures. An original hierarchical microstructure was obtained for the as-developed Kombucha cellulose/UiO-66 (KBC-UiO) composite material, with small MOF crystals (~100 nm) covering the cellulose fibers. Promising adsorption properties were demonstrated for anionic organic dyes such as fluorescein or bromophenol blue in water at pH 5 and pH 7 (more than 90% and 50% removal efficiency, respectively, after 10 min in static conditions). This performance was attributed to both the high accessibility and uniform dispersion of the MOF nanocrystals on the KBC fibers together with the synergistic effects involving the attractive adsorbing properties of UiO-66 and the surface chemistry of KBC. The results of this study provide a simple and generic approach for the design of bio-sourced adsorbents and filters for pollutants abatement and wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Dossier : Des recherches participatives dans la production des savoirs liés à l’environnement – Les sciences participatives : une dynamique à conforter★

Author

Houllier François, Joly Pierre-Benoît, and Merilhou-Goudard Jean-Baptiste

Subjects
éducation, recherche, sciences participatives, citoyenneté, innovation, Science, Social Sciences
Abstract

La définition des sciences participatives est large : « formes de production de connaissances scientifiques auxquelles des acteurs non-scientifiques-professionnels, qu’il s’agisse d’individus ou de groupes, participent de façon active et délibérée ». Elles donnent lieu à un foisonnement sémantique important, tant en français qu’en anglais. Une typologie est établie sur la base d’une analyse scientométrique. Les projets de sciences participatives connaissent une évolution remarquable ces dernières années et, en parallèle de leur reconnaissance progressive par les institutions, plusieurs exemples emblématiques attestent de leur intérêt. Ce phénomène ancien, dans les champs de l’histoire naturelle et de l’astronomie en particulier, s’est progressivement ouvert à une grande variété de publics et de disciplines scientifiques, dont la santé durant les « années sida ». Le numérique joue aujourd’hui un rôle décisif dans leur développement et entraîne une diversification des formes et des niveaux de participation. Il ne s’agit pas d’un effet de mode mais d’une réponse à l’aspiration des citoyens à participer, dans un contexte d’accroissement du niveau moyen d’éducation et d’innovation technologique et communicationnelle. Si les bénéfices cognitifs d’ordre social et sociétal des dispositifs scientifiques participatifs sont documentés, leurs porteurs font également état de difficultés et de risques spécifiques. Le respect de certains principes méthodologiques, déontologiques et éthiques favorise la qualité des productions et assure une plus-value pour chaque partie prenante. Soutenir les initiatives qui renforcent les compétences de tous les acteurs impliqués, chercheurs comme non-scientifiques-professionnels, est à ce titre salutaire.

Published
2017
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37. La construction d’un « animal nouveau » : la sélection génétique entre production de savoirs, marchés et action collective

Author

Selmi Adel, Joly Pierre-Benoît, and Remondet Martin

Subjects
génétique animale, régimes de production des connaissances, dispositifs d’évaluation des performances, sociologie économique, sociologie de l’innovation, Science, Social Sciences
Abstract

La construction d’une sélection animale moderne, à la suite de la Loi sur l’élevage de 1966, s’est traduite par des configurations sociotechniques variées combinant innovations génétiques, formes organisationnelles de la sélection et valorisation des produits animaux. L’étude comparée présentée ici sur trois filières animales distinctes (bovins, volailles, porcs) explicite les liens entre le type biologique de l’animal, les modèles et outils qui permettent d’en améliorer la performance et les modes d’organisation de la sélection animale. L’analyse met ainsi en évidence les types de couplage qui ont pu historiquement se constituer entre les caractéristiques propres à chaque espèce, les processus de production des connaissances génétiques associés et les formes d’organisation collective dans chacune des filières concernées. Elle constitue ainsi un cas d’école des interactions mutuelles entre la nature des objets scientifiques ou techniques considérés (ici l’animal de rente) et le cadre cognitif et normatif de la production et de la diffusion des connaissances (ici en sélection génétique).

Published
2014
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40. Estimating the Future Burden of Myocardial Infarction in France Until 2035: An Illness-Death Model-Based Approach

Author

Kuhn,Johann, Olié,Valérie, Grave,Clémence, Le Strat,Yann, Bonaldi,Christophe, Joly,Pierre, Kuhn,Johann, Olié,Valérie, Grave,Clémence, Le Strat,Yann, Bonaldi,Christophe, and Joly,Pierre

Abstract

Johann Kuhn,1 Valérie Olié,2 Clémence Grave,2 Yann Le Strat,1 Christophe Bonaldi,1 Pierre Joly3 1Department of Support, Data Processing and Analysis, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France; 2Department of Chronic Diseases and Injuries, French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France; 3Centre Inserm U1219 – Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux - ISPED, Bordeaux, FranceCorrespondence: Johann Kuhn, Department of Support, Data Processing and Analysis, French National Public Health Agency, 12 rue du Val d’Osne, Saint-Maurice, 94410, France, Tel/Fax +33 1 71 80 15 44, Email johann.kuhn@santepubliquefrance.frPurpose: In France, myocardial infarction (MI) was the second leading cause of years of life lost in 2019. Estimating the burden of MI in future years could help policymakers and other actors anticipate care and prevention needs and guide them in public health decision-making.Materials and Methods: Using data from the French hospital discharge database from 2007 to 2015 (n = 519,400), demographic data, and an illness-death model, we projected incidence, prevalence, number of prevalent cases and mean age of incident MI cases in France. The methodology took into account the age-cohort effect on MI incidence, mortality of healthy and diseased subjects, and the time since disease onset.Results: Projections highlighted an increase in MI prevalence in men between 2015 and 2035 from 2.52% (95% uncertainty interval (UI): [2.48– 2.56]) in 2015 to 4.02% ([3.92– 4.12]) in 2035, and from 0.85% ([0.83– 0.87]) to 1.44% ([1.38– 1.50]) in women. This corresponds to an increase of 365,000 cases between 2015 and 2035 (+81.1%) for men and 146,000 cases for women (+88.0%). The difference in the mean age of incident cases between men and women decreased from 9.52 in 2015 to 5.49 years in 2035.Conclusion: Our projections forecast an increase in MI prevalence between 2015 and 2035 in men and women, especially in relatively younge

Published
2022

41. Sex-related differences in aging rate areassociated with sex chromosome system inamphibians

Author

Swiss National Science Foundation, Cayuela, Hugo, Lemaître, Jean-François, Léna, Jean-Paul, Ronget, Víctor, Martínez-Solano, Íñigo, Muths, Erin, Pilliod, David S., Schmidt, Benedikt R., Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Pyke, Graham, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar, Bosch, Jaime, Beard, Karen H., Woolbright, Lawrence L, Lambert, Brad A., Green, David M., Jreidini, Nathalie, Garwood, Justin M., Fisher, Robert N., Matthews, Kathleen, Dudgeon, David, Lau, Anthony, Speybroeck, Jeroen, Homan, Rebecca, Jehle, Robert, Baskale, Eyup, Mori, Emiliano, Arntzen, Jan W., Joly, Pierre, Stile, Rochelle M., Lannoo, Michael J., Maerz, John C., Lowe, Winsor H., Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés, Christiansen, Ditte G., Angelini, Claudio, Thirion, Jean-Marc, Merilä, Juha, Colli, Guarino R., Vasconcellos, Mariana M., Boas, Taissa C.V., Arantes, Ísis da C., Levionnois, Pauline, Reinke, Beth A., Vieira, Cristina, Marais, Gabriel A.B., Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Miller, David A.W., Swiss National Science Foundation, Cayuela, Hugo, Lemaître, Jean-François, Léna, Jean-Paul, Ronget, Víctor, Martínez-Solano, Íñigo, Muths, Erin, Pilliod, David S., Schmidt, Benedikt R., Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Pyke, Graham, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar, Bosch, Jaime, Beard, Karen H., Woolbright, Lawrence L, Lambert, Brad A., Green, David M., Jreidini, Nathalie, Garwood, Justin M., Fisher, Robert N., Matthews, Kathleen, Dudgeon, David, Lau, Anthony, Speybroeck, Jeroen, Homan, Rebecca, Jehle, Robert, Baskale, Eyup, Mori, Emiliano, Arntzen, Jan W., Joly, Pierre, Stile, Rochelle M., Lannoo, Michael J., Maerz, John C., Lowe, Winsor H., Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés, Christiansen, Ditte G., Angelini, Claudio, Thirion, Jean-Marc, Merilä, Juha, Colli, Guarino R., Vasconcellos, Mariana M., Boas, Taissa C.V., Arantes, Ísis da C., Levionnois, Pauline, Reinke, Beth A., Vieira, Cristina, Marais, Gabriel A.B., Gaillard, Jean-Michel, and Miller, David A.W.

Abstract

Sex-related differences in mortality are widespread in the animal kingdom. Although studies have shown that sex determinationsystems might drive lifespan evolution, sex chromosome influence on aging rates have not been investigated so far, likely due toan apparent lack of demographic data from clades including both XY (with heterogametic males) and ZW (heterogametic females)systems. Taking advantage of a unique collection of capture–recapture datasets in amphibians, a vertebrate group where XY andZW systems have repeatedly evolved over the past 200 million years, we examined whether sex heterogamy can predict sexdifferences in aging rates and lifespans. We showed that the strength and direction of sex differences in aging rates (and notlifespan) differ between XY and ZW systems. Sex-specific variation in aging rates was moderate within each system, but agingrates tended to be consistently higher in the heterogametic sex. This led to small but detectable effects of sex chromosome systemon sex differences in aging rates in our models. Although preliminary, our results suggest that exposed recessive deleteriousmutations on the X/Z chromosome (the “unguarded X/Z effect”) or repeat-rich Y/W chromosome (the “toxic Y/W effect”) couldaccelerate aging in the heterogametic sex in some vertebrate clades.

Published
2022

42. Diverse aging rates in ectothermic tetrapods provide insights for the evolution of aging and longevity

Author

Reinke, Beth A., Cayuela, Hugo, Janzen, Fredric J., Lemaître, Jean-François, Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Lawing, A. Michelle, Iverson, John B., Christiansen, Ditte G., Martínez-Solano, Iñigo, Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Rose, Francis L., Nelson, Nicola, Keall, Susan, Crivelli, Alain J., Nazirides, Theodoros, Grimm-Seyfarth, Annegret, Henle, Klaus, Mori, Emiliano, Guiller, Gaëtan, Homan, Rebecca, Olivier, Anthony, Muths, Erin, Hossack, Blake R., Bonnet, Xavier, Pilliod, David S., Lettink, Marieke, Whitaker, Tony, Schmidt, Benedikt R., Gardner, Michael G., Cheylan, Marc, Poitevin, Françoise, Golubović, Ana, Tomović, Ljiljana, Arsovski, Dragan, Griffiths, Richard A., Arntzen, Jan W., Baron, Jean-Pierre, Le Galliard, Jean-François, Tully, Thomas, Luiselli, Luca, Capula, Massimo, Rugiero, Lorenzo, McCaffery, Rebecca, Eby, Lisa A., Briggs-Gonzalez, Venetia, Mazzotti, Frank, Pearson, David, Lambert, Brad A., Green, David M., Jreidini, Nathalie, Angelini, Claudio, Pyke, Graham, Thirion, Jean-Marc, Joly, Pierre, Léna, Jean-Paul, Tucker, Anton D., Limpus, Col, Priol, Pauline, Besnard, Aurélien, Bernard, Pauline, Stanford, Kristin, King, Richard, Garwood, Justin, Bosch, Jaime, Souza, Franco L., Bertoluci, Jaime, Famelli, Shirley, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar, Matthews, Kathleen, Boitaud, Sylvain, Olson, Deanna H., Jessop, Tim S., Gillespie, Graeme R., Clobert, Jean, Richard, Murielle, Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés, Fellers, Gary M., Kleeman, Patrick M., Halstead, Brian J., Grant, Evan H. Campbell, Byrne, Phillip G., Frétey, Thierry, Le Garff, Bernard, Levionnois, Pauline, Maerz, John C., Pichenot, Julian, Olgun, Kurtuluş, Üzüm, Nazan, Avcı, Aziz, Miaud, Claude, Elmberg, Johan, Brown, Gregory P., Shine, Richard, Bendik, Nathan F., O’Donnell, Lisa, Davis, Courtney L., Lannoo, Michael J., Stiles, Rochelle M., Cox, Robert M., Reedy, Aaron M., Warner, Daniel A., Bonnaire, Eric, Grayson, Kristine, Ramos-Targarona, Roberto, Baskale, Eyup, Muñoz, David, Measey, John, de Villiers, F. Andre, Selman, Will, Ronget, Victor, Bronikowski, Anne M., Miller, David A. W., Reinke, Beth A., Cayuela, Hugo, Janzen, Fredric J., Lemaître, Jean-François, Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Lawing, A. Michelle, Iverson, John B., Christiansen, Ditte G., Martínez-Solano, Iñigo, Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Rose, Francis L., Nelson, Nicola, Keall, Susan, Crivelli, Alain J., Nazirides, Theodoros, Grimm-Seyfarth, Annegret, Henle, Klaus, Mori, Emiliano, Guiller, Gaëtan, Homan, Rebecca, Olivier, Anthony, Muths, Erin, Hossack, Blake R., Bonnet, Xavier, Pilliod, David S., Lettink, Marieke, Whitaker, Tony, Schmidt, Benedikt R., Gardner, Michael G., Cheylan, Marc, Poitevin, Françoise, Golubović, Ana, Tomović, Ljiljana, Arsovski, Dragan, Griffiths, Richard A., Arntzen, Jan W., Baron, Jean-Pierre, Le Galliard, Jean-François, Tully, Thomas, Luiselli, Luca, Capula, Massimo, Rugiero, Lorenzo, McCaffery, Rebecca, Eby, Lisa A., Briggs-Gonzalez, Venetia, Mazzotti, Frank, Pearson, David, Lambert, Brad A., Green, David M., Jreidini, Nathalie, Angelini, Claudio, Pyke, Graham, Thirion, Jean-Marc, Joly, Pierre, Léna, Jean-Paul, Tucker, Anton D., Limpus, Col, Priol, Pauline, Besnard, Aurélien, Bernard, Pauline, Stanford, Kristin, King, Richard, Garwood, Justin, Bosch, Jaime, Souza, Franco L., Bertoluci, Jaime, Famelli, Shirley, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar, Matthews, Kathleen, Boitaud, Sylvain, Olson, Deanna H., Jessop, Tim S., Gillespie, Graeme R., Clobert, Jean, Richard, Murielle, Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés, Fellers, Gary M., Kleeman, Patrick M., Halstead, Brian J., Grant, Evan H. Campbell, Byrne, Phillip G., Frétey, Thierry, Le Garff, Bernard, Levionnois, Pauline, Maerz, John C., Pichenot, Julian, Olgun, Kurtuluş, Üzüm, Nazan, Avcı, Aziz, Miaud, Claude, Elmberg, Johan, Brown, Gregory P., Shine, Richard, Bendik, Nathan F., O’Donnell, Lisa, Davis, Courtney L., Lannoo, Michael J., Stiles, Rochelle M., Cox, Robert M., Reedy, Aaron M., Warner, Daniel A., Bonnaire, Eric, Grayson, Kristine, Ramos-Targarona, Roberto, Baskale, Eyup, Muñoz, David, Measey, John, de Villiers, F. Andre, Selman, Will, Ronget, Victor, Bronikowski, Anne M., and Miller, David A. W.

Abstract

Comparative studies of mortality in the wild are necessary to understand the evolution of aging, yet ectothermic tetrapods are under-represented in this comparative landscape despite their suitability for testing evolutionary hypotheses. We provide the first comprehensive study of aging rates and longevity across tetrapod ectotherms in the wild, utilizing data from 107 populations across 77 species of reptiles and amphibians. We tested hypotheses of how thermoregulatory mode, environmental temperature, protective phenotypes, and pace of life contribute to aging. Controlling for phylogeny and body size, ectotherms displayed a higher diversity of aging rates than endotherms, and included many groups with negligible aging. Protective phenotypes and life-history tactics further explained macroevolutionary patterns of aging. By including ectothermic tetrapods, our comparative analyses enhance our understanding of aging evolution.

Published
2022

43. Sex‐related differences in aging rate are associated with sex chromosome system in amphibians

Author

Cayuela, Hugo, Lemaître, Jean‐François, Léna, Jean‐Paul, Ronget, Victor, Martínez‐Solano, Iñigo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-226X, Muths, Erin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132, Pilliod, David S, Schmidt, Benedikt R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Pyke, Graham, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1938-6786, Bosch, Jaime, Beard, Karen H, Woolbright, Lawrence L, Lambert, Brad A, Green, David M, Jreidini, Nathalie, Garwood, Justin M, Fisher, Robert N, Matthews, Kathleen, Dudgeon, David, Lau, Anthony, Speybroeck, Jeroen, Homan, Rebecca, Jehle, Robert; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-5664, Başkale, Eyup, Mori, Emiliano, Arntzen, Jan W, Joly, Pierre; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-3277, Stiles, Rochelle M, Lannoo, Michael J, Maerz, John C, Lowe, Winsor H, Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-9156, Christiansen, Ditte G, et al, Cayuela, Hugo, Lemaître, Jean‐François, Léna, Jean‐Paul, Ronget, Victor, Martínez‐Solano, Iñigo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-226X, Muths, Erin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132, Pilliod, David S, Schmidt, Benedikt R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Sánchez-Montes, Gregorio, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Jorge, Pyke, Graham, Grossenbacher, Kurt, Lenzi, Omar; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1938-6786, Bosch, Jaime, Beard, Karen H, Woolbright, Lawrence L, Lambert, Brad A, Green, David M, Jreidini, Nathalie, Garwood, Justin M, Fisher, Robert N, Matthews, Kathleen, Dudgeon, David, Lau, Anthony, Speybroeck, Jeroen, Homan, Rebecca, Jehle, Robert; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-5664, Başkale, Eyup, Mori, Emiliano, Arntzen, Jan W, Joly, Pierre; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-3277, Stiles, Rochelle M, Lannoo, Michael J, Maerz, John C, Lowe, Winsor H, Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-9156, Christiansen, Ditte G, and et al

Abstract

Sex-related differences in mortality are widespread in the animal kingdom. Although studies have shown that sex determination systems might drive lifespan evolution, sex chromosome influence on aging rates have not been investigated so far, likely due to an apparent lack of demographic data from clades including both XY (with heterogametic males) and ZW (heterogametic females) systems. Taking advantage of a unique collection of capture–recapture datasets in amphibians, a vertebrate group where XY and ZW systems have repeatedly evolved over the past 200 million years, we examined whether sex heterogamy can predict sex differences in aging rates and lifespans. We showed that the strength and direction of sex differences in aging rates (and not lifespan) differ between XY and ZW systems. Sex-specific variation in aging rates was moderate within each system, but aging rates tended to be consistently higher in the heterogametic sex. This led to small but detectable effects of sex chromosome system on sex differences in aging rates in our models. Although preliminary, our results suggest that exposed recessive deleterious mutations on the X/Z chromosome (the “unguarded X/Z effect”) or repeat-rich Y/W chromosome (the “toxic Y/W effect”) could accelerate aging in the heterogametic sex in some vertebrate clades.

Published
2022

44. Pharmacovigilance : actualités et perspectives

Author

Montastruc, Jean-Louis, Tillement, Jean-Paul, Bontoux, Daniel, Bounhoure, Jean-Paul, Bouvenot, Gilles, Buffet, Catherine, Delaveau, Pierre, Eléfant, Elisabeth, Giroud, Jean-Paul, Gonthier, Régis, Goullé, Jean-Pierre, Jaillon, Patrice, Joly, Pierre, Juillet, Yves, Lhermitte, Michel, Menkès, Charles-Joël, Queneau, Patrice, Safavian, Alain A., Trêves, Richard, and Doucet, Jean

Published
2012
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48. Place des génériques dans la prescription

Author

Bontoux, Daniel, Bounhoure, Jean-Paul, Bouvenot, Gilles, Buffet, Catherine, Couvreur, Patrick, Delatour, Paul, Delaveau, Pierre, Eléfant, Elisabeth, Gonthier, Régis, Goullé, Jean-Pierre, Imbs, Jean-Louis, Jaillon, Patrice, Joly, Pierre, Juillet, Yves, Lhermitte, Michel, Menkès, Charles-Joël, Montastruc, Jean-louis, Netter, Patrick, Queneau, Patrice, Safavian, Alain-Abbas, Sassard, Jean, Tillement, Jean-Paul, Trèves, Richard, Vigneron, Claude, and Doucet, Jean

Published
2012
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