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SummaryA new species from Madagascar, Angraecum inflatum Hermans, is described and illustrated for the first time. It is compared with similar species from section Lemurangis. A preliminary conservation assessment is provided.

SummaryFive new species from Madagascar, Aerangis bovicornu (Vandeae: Angraecinae), Angraecopsis lemurelloides (Vandeae: Angraecinae), Didymoplexis stella-silvae (Gastrodieae), Habenaria crocodilium (Orchideae: Orchidinae) and Polystachya siederi (Vandeae: Polystachinae) are described and illustrated. A short summary of endemism and the history of description of orchids of Madagascar are given.

SummarySix new species:Bulbophyllum caniceps, B. cochinealloides, B. fierenanaense, B. geminiflorum, B. oenanthumandB. rudolphusare described for the first time. The identity and nomenclature ofBulbophyllum cylindrocarpumis discussed and its var.andringitrenseis recognised at species rank asB. jeanbosseri.Bulbophyllum aubrevilleiandB. kieneriare compared with the latter becoming a synonym. The history and identities ofBulbophyllum pentastichumvsB. quadrifariumare clarified and the necessary taxonomic changes and type selections are made. A new sect.Inversiflorais formally described.

Hervouet, Jean-Michel, Hermans, Johan (2022): Deux nouvelles espèces du genre Cynorkis Thouars (Orchidaceae, Orchidioideae) à Madagascar, et une nouvelle combinaison pour Cynorkis tryphioides var. leandriana (H.Perrier) Bosser. Adansonia (3) 44 (9): 63-79, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a9

In preparation for the forthcoming orchid accounts of the Flore des Mascareignes lectotypifications are made forAngraecum cadetii, A. cornigerum, A. corrugatum, A. costatum, A. eburneum, A. mauritianum, A, patens, A. pingue, A. tenuifolium, Benthamia erinacea, B. perfecundum, Bulbophyllum commersonii, B. compressum, B. conicum, B. cordemoyi, B. densum, B. pusillum, B. variegatum, Cynorkis arnottioides, C. calcarata, C. calcaripotens, C. cordemoyi, C. falcata, C. fastigiata, C. flexuosatis, C. graminea, C. lilacina, C. nervilabris, C. paradoxa, C. pleiadea, C. purpurascens, C. reticulate, C. squamosa, C. trilinguis, C. variegata, Disperis cordata, Gastrorchis villosa, Habenaria arachnoides, H. lancifolia, H. praealta, H. undulata, Platylepis densiflora, P. margartifera, P. occlusa, Oeceoclades analavelensisandO. pulchra. Neotypifications are made forAngraecum tenuifolium, Benthamia spiraloides, Cynorkis coccinelloidesandC. constellata. Clarification is provided of the taxonomy ofAngraecum crassifolium, A. tenellum, Benthamia erinacea, Bulbophyllum densum, B. elliotii, B. incurvum, B. pendulum, Cheirostylis boryi, C. gymnochiloides, C. nuda, Cynorkis calcarata, C. coccinelloides, C. falcata, C. flexuosatis, C. squamosa, Habenaria sigillum, Oeceoclades analavelensis, Platylepis densiflora, P. margaritiferaandP. occulta. New combinations are made forBenthamia spiraloides, Bulbophyllum elliotiivar. latibracteatum, Cheirostylis boryi, Cynorkis aristeiandC. flexuosatis. Key words/Palabras clave:Mauritius, new combinations, nuevas combinaciones, new synonyms, nuevos sinónimos, Reunion, Rodrigues, typification, tipificación In preparation for the forthcoming orchid accounts of the Flore des Mascareignes lectotypifications are made forAngraecum cadetii, A. cornigerum, A. corrugatum, A. costatum, A. eburneum, A. mauritianum, A, patens, A. pingue, A. tenuifolium, Benthamia erinacea, B. perfecundum, Bulbophyllum commersonii, B. compressum, B. conicum, B. cordemoyi, B. densum, B. pusillum, B. variegatum, Cynorkis arnottioides, C. calcarata, C. calcaripotens, C. cordemoyi, C. falcata, C. fastigiata, C. flexuosatis, C. graminea, C. lilacina, C. nervilabris, C. paradoxa, C. pleiadea, C. purpurascens, C. reticulate, C. squamosa, C. trilinguis, C. variegata, Disperis cordata, Gastrorchis villosa, Habenaria arachnoides, H. lancifolia, H. praealta, H. undulata, Platylepis densiflora, P. margartifera, P. occlusa, Oeceoclades analavelensisandO. pulchra. Neotypifications are made forAngraecum tenuifolium, Benthamia spiraloides, Cynorkis coccinelloidesandC. constellata. Clarification is provided of the taxonomy ofAngraecum crassifolium, A. tenellum, Benthamia erinacea, Bulbophyllum densum, B. elliotii, B. incurvum, B. pendulum, Cheirostylis boryi, C. gymnochiloides, C. nuda, Cynorkis calcarata, C. coccinelloides, C. falcata, C. flexuosatis, C. squamosa, Habenaria sigillum, Oeceoclades analavelensis, Platylepis densiflora, P. margaritiferaandP. occulta. New combinations are made forBenthamia spiraloides, Bulbophyllum elliotiivar. latibracteatum, Cheirostylis boryi, Cynorkis aristeiandC. flexuosatis. Key words/Palabras clave:Mauritius, new combinations, nuevas combinaciones, new synonyms, nuevos sinónimos, Reunion, Rodrigues, typification, tipificación

SummaryThree new species: Angraecum archangelicum, A. polyphemus and A. rotundifolium are described for the first time. Pectinariella is evaluated; a case is made to keep it at subgeneric level and the necessary two new combinations are made. Angraecum dasycarpum is neotypified. Finally A. ochraceum and A. setipes are compared with the latter being reduced to a synonym of the former.

SummaryFour new species,Cynorkis kiehnii, C. marianneae, C. marmorataandC. murex,are described for the first time.Cynorkis frappieriandC. raymondianaare compared, with the latter reduced to a synonym of the former. Cynorkis gaesiformis, C. galeata, C. nutansandC. stenoglossaare compared and considered one variable species, with the nameC. nutanshaving priority. Additional information is provided aboutC. mammuthusfollowing the discovery of living material in N Madagascar.

The original version of this article unfortunately contains an error. Figure 6 on page 28 and Figure 64 on page 140 were missing from the published version of the papers.

Summary.The tribe Malaxideae (Orchidaceae, subfamily Epidendroideae) (sensuPridgeonet al. 2005: 453) in Madagascar and adjacent archipelagos is revised. In this region it comprises the four genera:Liparis, Malaxis, OberoniaandStichorkis. All of the species are described and their typification, history, identification, distribution and habitat are discussed. Conservation assessments and distribution maps are included. A checklist of the genera and species and a key to their identification are provided. Six new species:Liparis bemarahensis, L. bosseri, L. chantaliae, L. laurentii, L. magnificaandL. superclareaeare described.

Ten new species, Cynorkis aconitiflora, C. christae, C. elephantina, C. jackyi, C. lentiginosa, C. mammuthus, C. mangabensis, C. sanguinolenta, C. siederi and C. syringescens, are described for the first time. The identity of C. elegans is clarified. The status of Arnottia and Physoceras are discussed and both subsumed into Cynorkis, with the necessary taxonomic changes made.

Four new orchid species from Madagascar are described and illustrated. Notes on the distribution, ecology, and conservation status are provided. Bulbophyllum uroplatoides Hermans & G. A. Fischer, B. histrionicum Reichenbach f. ex G. A. Fischer & P. J. Cribb, and B. senghasii G. A. Fischer & Sieder belong to section Calamaria Schlechter, whereas B. bryophytoides G. A. Fischer & Andriantiana belongs to section Lichenophylax Schlechter. Bulbophyllum uroplatoides Hermans & G. A. Fischer is related to B. cardiobulbum Bosser, but differs in the thickened racemes, overall plant size, the shape of the sepals, petals, and lip, and coloration. Bulbophyllum histrionicum Reichenbach f. ex G. A. Fischer & P. J. Cribb was previously recognized by Reichenbach as a new species, but was never formally described. It is characterized by its large, orbicular to somewhat ovoid pseudobulbs that are green flushed with red, large, ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate leaves, red floral bracts, long sepals, narrowly triangular petals, and glabrous lip. Bulbophyllum senghasii G. A. Fischer & Sieder has orbicular, non-compressed bifoliate pseudobulbs, flowers with greenish yellow sepals that are spotted with dark brown on the outside, and an elliptic lip that is not compressed in the middle and has erose rather than long-ciliate margins and falcate rather than straight stelidia. Bulbophyllum bryophytoides G. A. Fischer & Andriantiana is a very tiny plant distinguishable from other species of section Lichenophylax by its densely long-ciliate petals and its ciliate lip that lacks a median callus and has a glabrous surface.

The fauna and flora of the large island of Madagascar, situated in the eastern Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa, has been recognised for many years as one of the most peculiar anywhere in the world, and as one of the most endangered. It has a rich orchid flora of about 1000 species. The fauna and flora of the large island of Madagascar, situated in the eastern Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa, has been recognised for many years as one of the most peculiar anywhere in the world, and as one of the most endangered. It has a rich orchid flora of about 1000 species.