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Based on oral history interviews with adults with a migration history who in their childhood entered into the Danish education system as “newcomers”, the article points out that the practised identity politics of schooling in the 1970s in Denmark for migrant students was operated through affective practices of “feeling strange”. The article explores how the fact that emotions of “feeling strange” have shaped newly arrived migrants’ schooling experience in Denmark since the 1970s connects to processes of racialisation. Rather than being connected only to “feeling new” and “unexpected”, the strangeness appears as connected to the broader affective hierarchies of racialisation in a way that makes it possible for new migrant students to feel strange in a “familiar institution” such as school. The study also displays that racialised emotions of feeling strange for migrants can easily re-emerge, influencing their educational and professional paths when remembered as adults. The effects of affective racialised practice learned in the school institution thus has severe consequences for the students because their access to school is shaped through minoritised positions, something that stays with them after leaving school.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was initially identified in China and currently worldwide dispersed, resulting in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Notably, COVID-19 is characterized by systemic inflammation. However, the potential mechanisms of the “cytokine storm” of COVID-19 are still limited. In this study, fourteen peripheral blood samples from COVID-19 patients ( n = 10 ) and healthy donors ( n = 4 ) were collected to perform the whole-transcriptome sequencing. Lung tissues of COVID-19 patients (70%) presenting with ground-glass opacity. Also, the leukocytes and lymphocytes were significantly decreased in COVID-19 compared with the control group ( p < 0.05 ). In total, 25,482 differentially expressed messenger RNAs (DE mRNA), 23 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE miRNA), and 410 differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DE lncRNAs) were identified in the COVID-19 samples compared to the healthy controls. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the upregulated DE mRNAs were mainly involved in antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen, positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity, and positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation. The downregulated DE mRNAs were mainly concentrated in the glycogen biosynthetic process. We also established the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of up/downregulated DE mRNAs and identified 4 modules. Functional enrichment analyses indicated that these module targets were associated with positive regulation of cytokine production, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, leukocyte differentiation, and migration. A total of 6 hub genes were selected in the PPI module networks including AKT1, TNFRSF1B, FCGR2A, CXCL8, STAT3, and TLR2. Moreover, a competing endogenous RNA network showed the interactions between lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs. Our results highlight the potential pathogenesis of excessive cytokine production such as MSTRG.119845.30/hsa-miR-20a-5p/TNFRSF1B, MSTRG.119845.30/hsa-miR-29b-2-5p/FCGR2A, and MSTRG.106112.2/hsa-miR-6501-5p/STAT3 axis, which may also play an important role in the development of ground-glass opacity in COVID-19 patients. This study gives new insights into inflammation regulatory mechanisms of coding and noncoding RNAs in COVID-19, which may provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic avenues for COVID-19 patients.

Purpose: This paper analyzes the impact of transport infrastructure on Gross Regional Products in Chinese provinces under the “Belt and Road Initiative”. Methods: The impact of the key elements of transport infrastructure on Gross Regional Products is analyzed based on the data related to development levels of transport infrastructure and economic development. Correlation and regression analyses were used for data analysis. Results: It is found that railways and highways, which are the key elements of transport infrastructure, have a strong correlation with Gross Regional Products, and their effects are diverse among provinces under study. Implications: The findings demonstrate the position and role of diverse infrastructural elements in enhancing the economic benefits of infrastructural investment and promoting economic growth. Thus, it is expected to facilitate decision-making related to infrastructural investment under the “Belt and Road Initiative”.

Purpose: This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on employment in the Chinese inland provinces directly affecting by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Methods: The authors analyzed the impact of railways and highways- two key elements of transport infrastructure on employment in five Chinese inland provinces directly affected by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. The data was collected from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and some databases related to “One Belt, One Road” for the period of 2008-2017. Descriptive statistics and graphic description approaches were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings show that there are unclear relationships between transport infrastructure and employment in the inland provinces under study as affected by “One Belt, One Road”. Implications: Improvement of transport infrastructure as well as other relevant factors in creating jobs should be considered for generating employment in the provinces under study.

Hypocretin (also called orexin) regulates various functions, such as sleep-wake rhythms, attention, cognition, and energy balance, which show significant changes in schizophrenia (SCZ). We aimed to identify alterations in the hypocretin system in SCZ patients. We measured plasma hypocretin-1 levels in SCZ patients and healthy controls and found significantly decreased plasma hypocretin-1 levels in SCZ patients, which was mainly due to a significant decrease in female SCZ patients compared with female controls. In addition, we measured postmortem hypothalamic hypocretin-1-immunoreactivity (ir), ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin-1 levels, and hypocretin receptor (Hcrt-R) mRNA expression in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) in SCZ patients and controls We observed a significant decrease in the amount of hypothalamic hypocretin-1 ir in SCZ patients, which was due to decreased amounts in female but not male patients. Moreover, Hcrt-R2 mRNA in the SFG was decreased in female SCZ patients compared with female controls, while male SCZ patients showed a trend of increased Hcrt-R1 mRNA and Hcrt-R2 mRNA expression compared with male controls. We conclude that central hypocretin neurotransmission is decreased in SCZ patients, especially female patients, and this is reflected in the plasma.

This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on trades in the Chinese provinces directly affecting by “One Belt, One Road” initiative. That is why infrastructure is of significance in “One Belt, One Road” initiative and one of important purpose for initiative is to promote the unimpeded trade in China. In this paper, authors analyzed the impact of railways and highways which are the key elements of transport infrastructure on total value of exports and imports in the Chinese inland provinces directly affecting by “One Belt, One Road” and correlations between individual elements of transport infrastructure based on data from National Bureau of Statistics of China and from some articles related to “One Belt, One Road” and correlation and regression analysis methods. The conclusion is that railways, highways, and port have strong correlation with Gross Regional Products, and effects of elements of transport infrastructure are different among inland provinces affected by “One Belt, One Road” and this needs rational management of transport infrastructure in promoting trade according to provinces.

I denne artikel undersøger vi kønnede mønstre i, hvordan nyuddannede humanister fremstiller sig selv i mødet med arbejdslivet. Vi har teoretisk afsæt i Judith Butlers begreb om performativitet, hvor køn forstås som noget, subjektet gør gennem gentagne sproglige handlinger. Gennem narrative interviews med nyuddannede humanister analyseres det, hvordan de nyuddannede humanisters fortællinger reproducerer kønnede mønstre for selvfremstilling. I artiklen viser vi, hvordan de mandlige deltagere fremstiller sig selv gennem strategiske overvejelser, succeshistorier og sikkerhed i kompetencer. De kvindelige deltagere derimod fremstiller sig i højere grad gennem fortællinger om tilfældigheder, udfordringer og usikkerhed om egne kompetencer. Således argumenterer vi for, at det ikke kun er strukturer for lønniveau, hierarki og arbejdsforhold, der den dag i dag reproduceres og fastholder en ulighed mellem kønnene, men at den kønsmæssige ulighed på arbejdsmarkedet også i høj grad reproduceres gennem selvfremstillinger.

To investigate the risk factors for progression of increased signal intensity (ISI) on T2W magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its prognostic value in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). A total of 109 patients with CSM were included in this study. All the patients were treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. MRI was performed for all 109 patients preoperatively and at the final follow-up. Radiological evaluation included ISI, anterior compression (AC) of dural and spinal cord, hyperintensity region (HR) at the involved level. Clinical data including Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, and Visual Analogue Scale were collected and evaluated. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to ISI grades (Group A: no hyper-intensity; Group B: presence of ISI). Then all patients presented with ISI were divided into 2 subgroups based on the range of HR (Group B1: hyper-intensity diameter accounts for less than half of the spinal cord diameter at the involved level; Group B2, hyper-intensity diameter accounts for more than half of the spinal cord diameter at the involved level). AC, disease duration, age, and gender were analyzed as potential risk factors. Significantly better JOA and NDI scores were observed in Group A preoperatively and at the final follow-up, compared to Group B (P

Introduction The coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), which play important roles in regulating gene expression and are also considered as essential modulators during viral infection. The aim of this study was to elucidate the differential expression of miRNAs in COVID‐19. Methods The total RNA was extracted and purified from the peripheral blood of ten patients with COVID‐19 and four healthy donors. The expression levels of various miRNAs were detected by high‐throughput sequencing, and correlation analysis was performed on the target genes that are primed by miRNAs. Key findings Compared with the healthy controls, 35 miRNAs were upregulated and 38 miRNAs were downregulated in the human patients with COVID‐19. The top 10 genes were listed below: hsa‐miR‐16‐2‐3P,hsa‐miR‐5695,hsa‐miR‐10399‐3P,hsa‐miR‐6501‐5P,hsa‐miR‐361‐3P,hsa‐miR‐361‐3p, hsa‐miR‐4659a‐3p, hsa‐miR‐142‐5p, hsa‐miR‐4685‐3p, hsa‐miR‐454‐5p, and hsa‐miR‐30c‐5p. The 10 genes with the greatest reduction were listed below: hsa‐miR‐183‐5p, hsa‐miR‐627‐5p, hsa‐miR‐941, hsa‐miR‐21‐5p, hsa‐miR‐20a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐146b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐454‐3p, hsa‐miR‐18a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐340‐5p, and hsa‐miR‐17‐5p. Remarkably, miR‐16‐2‐3p was the most upregulated miRNA, with a 1.6‐fold change compared to that of the controls. Moreover, the expression of miR‐6501‐5p and miR‐618 was 1.5‐fold higher in the COVID‐19 patients than in the healthy donors. Meanwhile, miR‐627‐5p was the most downregulated miRNA, with a 2.3‐fold change compared to that of the controls. The expression of other miRNAs (miR‐183‐5p, miR‐627‐5p, and miR‐144‐3p) was reduced by more than 1.3‐fold compared to that of the healthy donors. Cluster analysis revealed that all of the differentially expressed miRNA target genes were clustered by their regulation of cellular components, molecular functions, and biological processes. Importantly, peptidases, protein kinases, and the ubiquitin system were shown to be the highest enrichment categories by enrichment analysis. Conclusions The differential miRNA expression found in COVID‐19 patients may regulate the immune responses and viral replication during viral infection., Extract periperal blood cells from COVID‐19 patients, and micRNAs were detected by high‐throughput sequencing using illumina HiseqX Ten machine to fint the differential expression of miRNAs in COVID‐19.

Dette essay udspringer af vores erfaringer med at blive forvekslet med hinanden i konteksten af dansk akademia. At blive forvekslet er selvfølgelig ikke en erfaring, der er forbeholdtøstasiatiske kroppe som vores. Vores afsæt er den racialiserende forveksling, som produceres gennem et hvidt akademisk blik, der både udvisker forskellighed og bestemmer hvilke former for forskellighed, der skal tillægges vægt og betydning. Vi anvender dermed forvekslingerne som en indgang til at reflektere over, hvordan race og hvidhed fungerer som organiserende principper i akademia, og på hvilke måder forskellige former for racialiseringsprocesser gør sig gældende i vores arbejdsliv.

Public concern is growing about the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and its effect on male reproductive health. Detrimental effect of EMF exposure on sex hormones, reproductive performance and sex-ratio was reported. The present study was designed to clarify whether paternal exposure to electromagnetic pulse (EMP) affects offspring sex ratio in mice. 50 male BALB/c mice aged 5-6 weeks were exposed to EMP daily for 2 weeks before mated with non-exposed females at 0d, 7d, 14d, 21d and 28d after exposure. Sex hormones including total testosterone, LH, FSH, and GnRH were detected using radioimmunoassay. The sex ratio was examined by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results of D0, D21 and D28 showed significant increases compared with sham-exposed groups. The serum testosterone increased significantly in D0, D14, D21, and D28 compared with sham-exposed groups (p

It has great significance for assessing the safety of engineering structures or the bridge by detecting Deformation of steel pipe column. The manual contact measurement is one of the traditional methods to detect the deformation of the steel pipe column. However, in the actual operation environment, the manual contact measurement is difficult and there are some hidden safety problems in the measurement process, thus it is particularly important to study a non-contact measurement method of the steel pipe column. Image processing is one of the common methods of non-contact measurement. In this paper, with the same steel pipe deformation image, respectively, using different edge detection algorithm, comparative analysis of the result, it come to a conclusion that the most suitable algorithm is Canny algorithm, and it is a classic algorithm of edge detection which has been applied in image processing. However, the traditional Canny algorithm has some defects, such as difficulty in threshold setting, low efficiency. Based on traditional Canny algorithm to improve it, this paper proposes an improved custom threshold Canny algorithm. The results show that the method proposed in this paper, the method of which is more than the traditional detection method to save at least 0.8s. Basically meet the requirements of real-time detection of stable and reliable, fast, high accuracy, and has a certain practicality.

In order to study the damage of a semirigid pavement under vehicle loads with varied parameters, the random dynamic loads applied on the pavement by a running vehicle were computed with two degrees of freedom, quarter-vehicle model, and then a three-dimensional finite element analysis model of semirigid asphalt pavement was established. With the peak stress index of each pavement layer, the effect of varied vehicle parameters on pavement response was studied. The results indicated that the stress wave frequency of each pavement layer was similar to that of the dynamic random load, and, with increased pavement depth, the wave effect decreased. The pavement response increased with increased suspension stiffness and tire stiffness and decreased with increased suspension damping and tire damping. Furthermore, compared to the stiffness, the response variation induced by the damping was orders of magnitude lower. Compared with the traditional time response analysis method, the peak response analysis of the pavement structure was more scientific, rational, and intuitive, which could be useful for the study of vehicle-pavement interaction and road damage.

Background Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) can cause behavioral and physiological abnormalities that are important to the prediction of symptoms of depression that may be associated with cerebral glucose metabolic abnormalities. Curcumin showed potential antidepressant effects, but whether or not it can reverse cerebral functional abnormalities and so ameliorate depression remains unknown. Methods To investigate the effects of curcumin on brain activity in CUS rats, rats were subjected to 3 weeks of CUS and then treated with curcumin orally at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for one month. 18 F fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG)-micro positron emission tomography (micro-PET) neuroimaging was used to detect changes in cerebral metabolism. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were used to record depressive behaviors during CUS and after curcumin treatment. Results Three weeks of CUS significantly decreased body weight, sucrose preference, sucrose consumption, total distance travelling, and the number of rearing events. It also induced metabolic alterations in several parts of the brain, showing increased glucose metabolism in the right hemisphere. After curcumin treatment for one month, sucrose preference, sucrose consumption, total distance travelling, and the number of rearing events returned to normal levels. Curcumin treatment also induced strong deactivation of the left primary auditory cortex and activation of amygdalohippocampal cortex. Conclusion Curcumin was found to ameliorate the abnormalities in the behavior and brain glucose metabolism caused by CUS, which may account for its antidepressive effects.

The aim of this study is to design a 4-degree-of-freedom linear-quadratic-Gaussian optimal controller for an active suspension to improve cargo integrity, under the condition of no loss of other properties. The analytic hierarchy process was used to reasonably determine the index weight, and simulation models of active and passive suspension systems were developed in the MATLAB and Simulink environment. By analyzing the time- and frequency-domain characteristics that are affected by suspension control, we observed that cargo integrity was effectively improved by the active suspension, and the road friendliness, ride comfort, and handling stability were also improved to some extent.

We theoretically investigate polarization properties of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and influence of decoherence induced by environment on BEC polarization through introducing four BEC Stokes operators which are quantum analog of the classical Stokes parameters for a light field. BEC polarization states can be geometrically described by a Poincar\'{e} sphere defined by expectation values of BEC Stokes operators. Without decoherence, it is shown that nonlinear inter-atomic interactions in the BEC induce periodic polarization oscillations whose periods depend on the difference between self-interaction in each component and inter-component interaction strengths. In particular, when inter-atomic nonlinear self-interaction in each BEC component equals inter-component nonlinear interaction, Stokes vector associated with Stokes operators precesses around a fixed axis in the dynamic evolution of the BEC. The value of the processing frequency is determined by the strength of the linear coupling between two components of the BEC. When decoherence is involved, we find each component of the Stokes vector decays which implies that decoherence depolarizes the BEC., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures

Faced with accumulated migratory histories as well as the racialization of minoritized migrant and indigenous populations, educational institutions are facing the challenge to find ways to respond. In particular, the recalibration of forms of racialization has become inextricable from educational policymaking and everyday school life in Nordic educational institutions. Education researchers in Nordic countries have pointed to racialized exclusion being a formative experience of minoritized, racialized and indigenous students, in spite of their experiences still being neglected in educational systems, personal encounters and academic knowledge production. The task for the education researchers then is to keep examining and scrutinizing these educational moments through which racialized inequalities appear and come to matter.

This paper explores the affects of academic becoming in transnational education. Very few studies have dealt with the affective structuring of students’ reasoning of academic identities in transnational education. This paper centers female students’ reasoning about their emotional (re)action in the processes of academic becoming, and shows that the processes of racialization become particularly visible in the emotional aspect of transnational schooling. It builds on an ethnographical study of students’ subjectivity processes in a jointly run Sino-Danish university in Beijing. Through a framework that links Kimberlé Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality with a proposed concept of emotional reasoning bridging Sara Ahmed’s notion of emotionality and Thomas Popkewitz’ rules of reasoning, the study elucidates how students’ affective positions are fashioned by unequal interlockings of race with gender and age. In this space, the students gain differentiated affective possibilities to act depending on whether their body is surfaced as white-young-female or Chinese-young-female. Thus the findings show that the hierarchies of emotions are linked to particular intersections of race with gender and age. These interlockings can thus be read as reflections of unequal interlocking of power relations in a transnational educational space. This paper explores the affects of academic becoming in transnational education. Very few studies have dealt with the affective structuring of students’ reasoning of academic identities in transnational education. This paper centers female students’ reasoning about their emotional (re)action in the processes of academic becoming, and shows that the processes of racialization become particularly visible in the emotional aspect of transnational schooling. It builds on an ethnographical study of students’ subjectivity processes in a jointly run Sino-Danish university in Beijing.Through a framework that links Kimberlé Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality with a proposed concept of emotional reasoning bridging Sara Ahmed’s notion of emotionality and Thomas Popkewitz’ rules of reasoning, the study elucidateshow students’ affective positions are fashioned by unequal interlockings of race with gender and age. In this space, the students gain differentiated affective possibilities to act depending on whether their body is surfaced as white-young-female or Chinese-young-female. Thus the findings show that the hierarchies of emotions are linked to particular intersections of race with gender and age. These interlockings can thus be read as reflections of unequal interlocking of power relations in a transnational educational space.

The paper presents a study aiming at historicizing the schooling experiences of migrant children with a non-western background from the 1970s to the 1990s in the Danish education system. The focus is on how the students experienced their reception in the school institution and how school was preparing the students for the transition between elementary school and further education and labor market. The main methodology is oral history interviews with people who arrived in the Danish education system as children with a non-western background. The focus on the immigrant groups from non-western countries is chosen due to the fact that Danish education politics since the 1970s have targeted these groups of students as groups needing extracurricular education efforts for inclusion (Buchardt, 2016). However, there seems to be a knowledge deficit concerning the ‘effects’ of these policies from a student perspective in the period between the 1970s and the 1990s. Previous research in the field of education and other welfare provisions for migrant children in a historical perspective since the work-immigrant wave begun in the 1960s in Denmark has been on the policy-makers (e.g. Jønsson, 2013), provision providers (e.g. Øland, 2010; Padovan-Özdemir & Ydesen, 2016), the curriculum materials (e.g. Buchardt, 2016) and less from a student perspective. Oral history is a research approach that produces the sources as well as being the method to select and interpret the (oral) sources, and in both senses it engages with experience. Consequently, this project illuminates the students’ experience of practiced educational policy in order to capture both the past (history) and the past as it appears in the present (the memory) (Bak, 2016). The intention is to generate new knowledge about how reception- and integration models and preparation to labor market were practiced in a student perspective from the 1970s to the 1990s, but just as importantly to explore how students ascribe meaning to the school experience today (inspired by Grønbæk Jensen, Rasmussen, & Kragh, 2016, p. 113). Historically, education has especially since the emergence of the modern nation-states been linked to the state and the production of its work force and citizenry and thus of belonging to the national space (Popkewitz, 2000). Buchardt (2018) argues that the educational political efforts since the 1970s in Denmark directed toward newly arrived migrants and their children can also be viewed as a means to circumscribe welfare distribution and in Popkewitz’ (2007) terms as double registers of inclusion and exclusion, as well as a hierarchy of inclusion. Theoretically, the study thus seeks to illuminate the historical development of the internal bordering of the nation in the context of the Danish welfare-state model (Kettunen, 2011; Suszycki, 2011) through exploring how the historical hierarchies of inclusion and exclusion in education and in relation to the labor market preparation in education are experienced by students under shifting policies from the 1970s to the 1990s. Bibliography Bak, S. L. (2016). Oral History i Danmark. (S. L. Bak, Ed.). Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag. Buchardt, M. (2016). Kulturforklaring: uddannelseshistorier om muslimskhed. (M. Buchardt, Ed.). Kbh.: Tiderne Skifter. Buchardt, M. (2018). The “Culture” of Migrant Pupils: A Nation- and Welfare-State Historical Perspective on the European Refugee Crisis. European Education, 50(1), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10564934.2017.1394162 Grønbæk Jensen, S., Rasmussen, J. K., & Kragh, J. V. (2016). “Anbragt i historien”. Tidligere anbragte og indlagtes mundtlige fortællinger [“Placed in History”. Oral accounts from the formerly placed and admitted]. In S. L. Bak (Ed.), Oral History i Danmark [Oral History in Denmark] (pp. 97–118). Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag. Jønsson, H. V. (2013). I velfærdsstatens randområde. Socialdemokratiets integrationspolitik 1960’erne til 2000’erne [On the margins of the welfare state. Social Democracy’s integration politics 1960s–2000s]. Department of History and Centre for Welfare State Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Kettunen, P. (2011). Welfare nationalism and competitive community. In Welfare citizenship and welfare nationalism (pp. 79–117). NordWel Studies in Historical Welfare State Research, 2. Padovan-Özdemir, M., & Ydesen, C. (2016). Professional encounters with the post-WWII immigrant: A privileged prism for studying the shaping of European welfare nation-states. Paedagogica historica, 52(5), 423-437. Popkewitz, T. S. (2000). Globalization/Regionalization, Knowledge, and the Educational Practices: Some Notes on Comparative Strategies for Educational Research. In Educational Knowledge – changing Relationships between the State, Civil Society, and the Educational Community (pp. 3–27). Ithaca: State University of New York Press. Popkewitz, T. S. (2007). Cosmopolitanism and the age of school reform: Science, education, and making society by making the child. London: Routledge. Suszycki, A. M. (2011). Introduction. In Welfare citizenship and welfare nationalism (Vol. 2, pp. 9–22). NordWel Studies in Historical Welfare State Research. Øland, T. (2010). A state ethnography of progressivism: Danish school pedagogues and their efforts to emancipate the powers of the child, the people and the culture 1929-1960. Praktiske Grunde. Tidsskrift for Kultur- og Samfundsvidenskab (1), 57–89. The paper presents a study aiming at historicizing the schooling experiences of migrant children with a nonwestern background from the 1970s to the 1990s in the Danish education system. The focus is on how the students experienced their reception in the school institution and how school was preparing the students for the transition between elementary school and further education and labor market. The main methodology is oral history interviews with people who arrived in the Danish education system as children with a non-western background. The focus on the immigrant groups from non-western countries is chosen due to the fact that Danish education politics since the 1970s have targeted these groups of students as groups needing extracurricular education efforts for inclusion (Buchardt, 2016). However, there seems to be a knowledge deficit concerning the ‘effects’ of these policies from a student perspective in the period between the 1970s and the 1990s. Previous research in the field of education and other welfare provisions for migrant children in a historical perspective since the work-immigrant wave begun in the 1960s in Denmark has been on the policy-makers (e.g. Jønsson, 2013), provision providers (e.g. Øland, 2010; Padovan-Özdemir & Ydesen, 2016), the curriculum materials (e.g. Buchardt, 2016) and less from a student perspective. Oral history is a research approach that produces the sources as well as being the method to select and interpret the (oral) sources, and in both senses it engages with experience. Consequently, this project illuminates the students’ experience of practiced educational policy in order to capture both the past (history) and the past as it appears in the present (the memory) (Bak, 2016). The intention is to generate new knowledge about how reception- and integration models and preparation to labor market were practiced in a student perspective from the 1970s to the 1990s, but just as importantly to explore how students ascribe meaning to the school experience today (inspired by Grønbæk Jensen, Rasmussen, & Kragh, 2016, p. 113). Historically, education has especially since the emergence of the modern nation-states been linked to the state and the production of its work force and citizenry and thus of belonging to the national space (Popkewitz, 2000). Buchardt (2018) argues that the educational political efforts since the 1970s in Denmark directed toward newly arrived migrants and their children can also be viewed as a means to circumscribe welfare distribution and in Popkewitz’ (2007) terms as double registers of inclusion and exclusion, as well as a hierarchy of inclusion. Theoretically, the study thus seeks to illuminate the historical development of the internal bordering of the nation in the context of the Danish welfare-state model (Kettunen, 2011; Suszycki, 2011) through exploring how the historical hierarchies of inclusion and exclusion in education and in relation to the labor market preparation in education are experienced by students under shifting policies from the 1970s to the 1990s.

The article illuminates the positions distributed and the strategies for position-taking which students pursue in order to transform or preserve their positions in a classroom with a transnational context where students have different national and international education experiences.Furthermore, how their positions are related to their aspirations for the future will be elucidated. Based on interviews with Danish and Chinese students enrolled at a Sino-Danish university situated in Beijing, the article identifies four different navigation strategies for position-taking in such a classroom as a field of struggle. The article discusses in depth how different student positions are led by the dispositions of having a certain nationality combined with international experiences/travel mobility. It will furthermore also discusshow the dispositions of national academic capital are related to students’ ways of operating the positions.