Search

Your search keyword '"Jean Marie Prosperi"' showing total 36 results
Start Over Author "Jean Marie Prosperi" Search Limiters Full Text
36 results on '"Jean Marie Prosperi"'

1. A genome‐wide analysis suggests pleiotropic effects of Green Revolution genes on shade avoidance in wheat

Author

Michel Colombo, Germain Montazeaud, Véronique Viader, Martin Ecarnot, Jean‐Marie Prosperi, Jacques David, Florian Fort, Cyrille Violle, and Hélène Fréville

Subjects
durum wheat, evolutionary prebreeding population, light quality, phenotypic plasticity, plant height, QTL, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

Abstract A classic example of phenotypic plasticity in plants is the suit of phenotypic responses induced by a change in the ratio of red to far‐red light (R∶FR) as a result of shading, also known as the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). While the adaptive consequences of this syndrome have been extensively discussed in natural ecosystems, how SAS varies within crop populations and how SAS evolved during crop domestication and breeding remain poorly known. In this study, we grew a panel of 180 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) genotypes spanning diversity from wild, early domesticated, and elite genetic compartments under two light treatments: low R:FR light (shaded treatment) and high R:FR light (unshaded treatment). We first quantified the genetic variability of SAS, here measured as a change in plant height at the seedling stage. We then dissected the genetic basis of this variation through genome‐wide association mapping. Genotypes grown in shaded conditions were taller than those grown under unshaded conditions. Interaction between light quality and genotype did not affect plant height. We found six QTLs affecting plant height. Three significantly interacted with light quality among which the well‐known Rht1 gene introgressed in elite germplasm during the Green Revolution. Interestingly at three loci, short genotypes systematically expressed reduced SAS, suggesting a positive genetic correlation between plant height and plant height plasticity. Overall, our study sheds light on the evolutionary history of crops and illustrates the relevance of genetic approaches to tackle agricultural challenges.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Potential Implications of Climate Change on Aegilops Species Distribution: Sympatry of These Crop Wild Relatives with the Major European Crop Triticum aestivum and Conservation Issues.

Author

Marie-France Ostrowski, Jean-Marie Prosperi, and Jacques David

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Gene flow from crop to wild relatives is a common phenomenon which can lead to reduced adaptation of the wild relatives to natural ecosystems and/or increased adaptation to agrosystems (weediness). With global warming, wild relative distributions will likely change, thus modifying the width and/or location of co-occurrence zones where crop-wild hybridization events could occur (sympatry). This study investigates current and 2050 projected changes in sympatry levels between cultivated wheat and six of the most common Aegilops species in Europe. Projections were generated using MaxEnt on presence-only data, bioclimatic variables, and considering two migration hypotheses and two 2050 climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Overall, a general decline in suitable climatic conditions for Aegilops species outside the European zone and a parallel increase in Europe were predicted. If no migration could occur, the decline was predicted to be more acute outside than within the European zone. The potential sympatry level in Europe by 2050 was predicted to increase at a higher rate than species richness, and most expansions were predicted to occur in three countries, which are currently among the top four wheat producers in Europe: Russia, France and Ukraine. The results are also discussed with regard to conservation issues of these crop wild relatives.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Genetic determinants of seed protein plasticity in response to the environment in Medicago truncatula

Author

Julia Buitink, Valérie Labas, Joseph Ly Vu, Lucie Combes-Soia, Christine Le Signor, Kévin Cartelier, Delphine Aimé, Karine Gallardo, Jean‐Marie Prosperi, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur], Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), National Science Foundation (grant NSF-0703285). The PhD fellowship of Kévin Cartelier was funded by the INRAE BAP (Plant Biology and Breeding) department and the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté., ANR-15-CE20-0001,REGULEG,Identification des régulateurs participant à la plasticité d'adaptation des graines de légumineuses aux changements environnementaux(2015), and Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Candidate gene, Genotype, legumes, Mutant, Vitamin U, Genome-wide association study, Plant Science, Biology, methionine recycling, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Methionine, Stress, Physiological, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, Storage protein, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), Gene, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Seed Storage Proteins, food and beverages, Globulins, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Metabolic pathway, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, storage proteins, 13. Climate action, plasticity, Mutation, Seeds, seed, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

As the frequency of extreme environmental events is expected to increase with climate change, identifying candidate genes for stabilizing the protein composition of legume seeds or optimizing this in a given environment is increasingly important. To elucidate the genetic determinants of seed protein plasticity, major seed proteins from 200 ecotypes of Medicago truncatula grown in four contrasting environments were quantified after one-dimensional electrophoresis. The plasticity index of these proteins was recorded for each genotype as the slope of Finlay and Wilkinson's regression and then used for genome-wide association studies (GWASs), enabling the identification of candidate genes for determining this plasticity. This list was enriched in genes related to transcription, DNA repair and signal transduction, with many of them being stress responsive. Other over-represented genes were related to sulfur and aspartate family pathways leading to the synthesis of the nutritionally essential amino acids methionine and lysine. By placing these genes in metabolic pathways, and using a M. truncatula mutant impaired in regenerating methionine from S-methylmethionine, we discovered that methionine recycling pathways are major contributors to globulin composition establishment and plasticity. These data provide a unique resource of genes that can be targeted to mitigate negative impacts of environmental stresses on seed protein composition.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Identity and provenance of neighbors, genotype-specific traits and abiotic stress affect intraspecific interactions in the annual legumeMedicago truncatula

Author

Sha Zhang, Ke Tao, Christian Damgaard, Simon Kelly, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Bodil K. Ehlers, Simona Radutoiu, Joëlle Ronfort, and Sara Tomiolo

Subjects
Abiotic stress, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, Genotype, Microbiome, Biology, Affect (psychology), biology.organism_classification, Intraspecific competition, Legume, Competition (biology), Medicago truncatula, media_common
Abstract

SummaryAccounting for intraspecific variation may improve our understanding of species coexistence. However, our knowledge of what factors maintain intraspecific variation is limited. We predicted that 1) a plant grows larger when with non-kin (i.e. different genotypes) than kin (i.e. same genotype) neighbors, 2) abiotic stress alters the outcome of kin vs. non-kin interactions, 3) genetic identity of plants affects composition of soil microbiome.We set up mini-communities ofMedicago truncatula, where focal genotypes were grown together with two kin or two non-kin neighbors from different origins. We analyzed how origin, identity of interacting genotypes and abiotic stress affected growth and fruit production. We also analyzed the composition of soil microbial communities.Focal plants grew larger in non-kin than in kin mini-communities. This pattern was stronger in low level of abiotic stress and when interacting genotypes were from similar origins. However, genotypic variation in growth and response to competition had a stronger effect on growth than mini-community type. Plant genotype identity did not affect soil microbiome.We find that intraspecific variation is affected by genotype-specific traits and abiotic stress. Geographic, rather than genetic, distance among interacting genotypes affects the outcome of intraspecific interactions.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Genome-wide association studies with proteomics data reveal genes important for synthesis, transport and packaging of globulins in legume seeds

Author

Christine Le Signor, Julia Buitink, Valérie Labas, Jean Marie Prosperi, Delphine Aime, Jérôme Gouzy, Judith Burstin, Olivier Leprince, Karine Gallardo, Richard D. Thompson, Nevin D. Young, Amandine Bordat, Maya Belghazi, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille (CRN2M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, French National Research Agency : ANR-06-GPLA-0008, ANR-09-GENM-026, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Biologie du fruit et pathologie ( BFP ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Centre de recherche en neurobiologie - neurophysiologie de Marseille ( CRN2M ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] ( PRC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cornell University [New York], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Proteomics, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Candidate gene, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, protein quantity loci (PQL), Globulin, Physiology, legumes, Plant Science, Chromatin remodeling, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Botany, Medicago truncatula, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), vegetable, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Gene Regulatory Networks, Gene, Transcription factor, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, seed proteome, amélioration génétique, biology, Pisum sativum (pea), Seed Storage Proteins, Peas, food and beverages, légume, biology.organism_classification, Protein Transport, 030104 developmental biology, Vicilin, Mutation, Seeds, biology.protein, qualité des semences, semence, globulins, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factors
Abstract

AGAP : équipe GE2pop; Improving nutritional seed quality is an important challenge in grain legume breeding. However, the genes controlling the differential accumulation of globulins, which are major contributors to seed nutritional value in legumes, remain largely unknown. We combined a search for protein quantity loci with genome-wide association studies on the abundance of 7S and 11S globulins in seeds of the model legume species Medicago truncatula. Identified genomic regions and genes carrying polymorphisms linked to globulin variations were then cross-compared with pea (Pisum sativum), leading to the identification of candidate genes for the regulation of globulin abundance in this crop. Key candidates identified include genes involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling, post-translational modifications, transport and targeting of proteins to storage vacuoles. Inference of a gene coexpression network of 12 candidate transcription factors and globulin genes revealed the transcription factor ABA-insensitive 5 (ABI5) as a highly connected hub. Characterization of loss-of-function abi5 mutants in pea uncovered a role for ABI5 in controlling the relative abundance of vicilin, a sulfur-poor 7S globulin, in pea seeds. This demonstrates the feasibility of using genome-wide association studies in M. truncatula to reveal genes that can be modulated to improve seed nutritional value.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. D’un répertoire de gènes contrôlant la composition protéique des graines des légumineuses vers de nouveaux profils protéiques

Author

Christine Le Signor, Delphine Aime, Myriam Sanchez, Julia Buitink, Young, Nevin D., Jean-Marie Prosperi, Olivier Leprince, Charlotte Henriet, Gregoire Aubert, Vanessa Vernoud, Richard Thompson, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo, Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Department of plant pathology, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). FRA.

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

7. A protein quantity loci approach combined with a genome-wide association study revealed regulators of protein accumulation in legume seeds

Author

Christine Le Signor, Delphine Aime, Young, N. D., Jean-Marie Prosperi, Richard Thompson, Julia Buitink, Judith Burstin, Karine Gallardo-Guerrero, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University = Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole (KVL ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Legume Society.

Subjects
[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages
Abstract

BAPGEAPSI; The seeds of grain legumes provide proteins (20-40% protein content depending on species) for human nutrition and animal feed. The nutritional and technological quality of legume seeds is mainly determined by the composition and functional properties of the seed protein fractions. By accounting for up to 70% of total proteins in mature seeds, the globulins are major determinants of seed quality. In pea, which is one of the grain legumes most cultivated in Europe, the variability in the abundance of globulin polypeptides across lines is significant, which might enable a wide range of food application. To provide knowledge about the molecular determinants underlying differences in seed protein composition, we have used the model legume species M. truncatula for which extensive genetics and genomics resources were available (Young and Bharti, 2012), along with comprehensive transcriptomics data related to seed development (Benedito et al., 2008; Thompson et al., 2009). A PQL approach identified the genomic regions controlling variations in seed protein composition, and a translational approach exploiting the resources developed for M. truncatula and pea provided a set of candidate genes underlying PQLs conserved between the two species. The candidate gene selection was then refined by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which enabled the identification of nucleotide variations associated with variations in globulin synthesis and/or maturation.

Published
2016

8. Quantitative trait loci analysis reveals a correlation between the ratio of sucrose/raffinose family oligosaccharides and seed vigour in Medicago truncatula

Author

Anis M. Limami, Olivier Leprince, Pascale Satour, Béatrice Teulat-Merah, Laure Viau, Lydie Ledroit, Sandra Pelletier, Thierry Huguet, Nicole Payet, Julia Buitink, Camille Lebras, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Karine Gallardo, Céline Vandecasteele, Benoit Ly Vu, and Marie-Christine Morère-Le Paven

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Physiology, food and beverages, Plant Science, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Medicago truncatula, Stachyose, Hypocotyl, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Seedling, Germination, Botany, Radicle, Raffinose, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Seed vigour is important for successful establishment and high yield, especially under suboptimal environmental conditions. In legumes, raffinose oligosaccharide family (RFO) sugars have been proposed as an easily available energy reserve for seedling establishment. In this study, we investigated whether the composition or amount of soluble sugars (sucrose and RFO) is part of the genetic determinants of seed vigour of Medicago truncatula using two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for germination rate, hypocotyl and radicle growth under water deficit and nutritional stress, seed weight and soluble sugar content was performed using RIL populations LR1 and LR4. Seven of the 12 chromosomal regions containing QTL for germination rate or post-germinative radicle growth under optimal or stress conditions co-located with Suc/RFO QTL. A significant negative correlation was also found between seed vigour traits and Suc/RFO. In addition, one QTL that explained 80% of the variation in the ratio stachyose/verbascose co-located with a stachyose synthase gene whose expression profile in the parental lines could explain the variation in oligosaccharide composition. The correlation and co-location of Suc/RFO ratio with germination and radicle growth QTL suggest that an increased Suc/RFO ratio in seeds of M. truncatula might negatively affect seed vigour.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Using a model-based framework for analysing genetic diversity during germination and heterotrophic growth of Medicago truncatula

Author

C. Dürr, S. Brunel, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Béatrice Teulat-Merah, M.-H. Wagner, T. Huguet, Physiologie Moléculaire des Semences (PMS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, SEED, Genotype, Range (biology), Germination, MESH: Germination, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Hypocotyl, EMERGENCE, WATER POTENTIAL, MESH: Genotype, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicago truncatula, Genetic variation, MESH: Water, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, MESH: Genetic Variation, Cultivar, MESH: Medicago truncatula, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, CORE COLLECTIONS, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, Temperature, MODELLING, Genetic Variation, Water, Original Articles, ECOPHYSIOLOGIE, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Temperature, MESH: Seeds, Agronomy, Seedlings, Seedling, Seeds, MESH: Seedling, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The framework provided by an emergence model was used: (1) for phenotyping germination and heterotrophic growth of Medicago truncatula in relation to two major environmental factors, temperature and water potential; and (2) to evaluate the extent of genetic differences in emergence-model parameters. METHODS: Eight cultivars and natural accessions of M. trunculata were studied. Germination was recorded from 5 to 30 degrees C and from 0 to -0.75 MPa, and seedling growth from 10 to 20 degrees C. KEY RESULTS: Thermal time to reach 50 % germination was very short (15 degrees Cd) and almost stable between genotypes, while base temperature (2-3 degrees C) and base water potential for germination (-0.7 to -1.3 MPa) varied between genotypes. Only 35 degrees Cd after germination were required to reach 30 mm hypocotyl length with significant differences among genotypes. Base temperature for elongation varied from 5.5 to 7.5 degrees C. Low temperatures induced a general shortening of the seedling, with some genotypes more responsive than others. No relationship with initial seed mass or seed reserve distribution was observed, which might have explained differences between genotypes and the effects of low temperatures. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides a set of reference values for M. trunculata users. The use of the ecophysiological model allows comparison of these values between such non-crop species and other crops. It has enabled phenotypic variability in response to environmental conditions related to the emergence process to be identified. The model will allow simulation of emergence differences between genotypes in a range of environments using these parameter values. Genomic tools available for the model species M. trunculata will make it possible to analyse the genetic and molecular determinants of these differences.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. AER1, a Major Gene Conferring Resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in Medicago truncatula

Author

Alain Baranger, M. Hervé, Thierry Huguet, Angélique Lesné, Marie-Laure Pilet-Nayel, Jean-Marie Prosperi, R. Lecointe, Magalie Delalande, Christophe Jacquet, G. Deniot, I. Le Goff, Céline Hamon, Amélioration des Plantes et Biotechnologies Végétales (APBV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées (UMR DIAPC), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Amélioration des Plantes (LBAP), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux (SCSV), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Genetic Linkage, APHANOMYCES EUTEICHES, Locus (genetics), Plant Science, Aphanomyces, Plant disease resistance, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Chromosomes, Plant, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicago truncatula, Botany, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, Plant Diseases, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Comparative genomics, Oomycete, 0303 health sciences, biology, fungi, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Genomics, biology.organism_classification, Major gene, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Aphanomyces euteiches, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Pilet-Nayel, M.-L., Prosperi, J.-M., Hamon, C., Lesne, A., Lecointe, R., Le Goff, I., Herve, M., Deniot, G., Delalande, M., Huguet, T., Jacquet, C., and Baranger, A. 2009. AER1, a major gene conferring resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in Medicago truncatula. Phytopathology 99:203208. Aphanomyces euteiches is a major soilborne oomycete pathogen that infects various legume species, including pea and alfalfa. The model legume Medicago truncatula has recently emerged as a valuable genetic system for understanding the genetic basis of resistance to A. euteiches in leguminous crops. The objective of this study was to identify genetic determinants of resistance to a broad host-range pea-infecting strain of A. euteiches in M. truncatula. Two M. truncatula segregating populations of 178 F5 recombinant inbred lines and 200 F3 families from the cross F83005.5 (susceptible) × DZA045.5 (resistant) were screened for resistance to A. euteiches. Phenotypic distributions observed suggested a dominant monogenic control of resistance. A major locus associated with resistance to A. euteiches, namely AER1, was mapped by bulk segregant analysis to a terminal end of chromosome 3 in M. truncatula and explained 88% of the phenotypic variation. AER1 was identified in a resistance-gene-rich region, where resistance gene analogs and genes associated with disease resistance phenotypes have been identified. Discovery of AER1 opens up new prospects for improving resistance to A. euteiches in cultivated legumes using a comparative genomics approach.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. How multilocus genotypic pattern helps to understand the history of selfing populations: a case study in Medicago truncatula

Author

Joëlle Ronfort, Isabelle Bonnin, M. Siol, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées (UMR DIAPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Heterozygote, POPULATION STRUCTURE, Genotype, MICROSATELLITE, Population, Population genetics, Outcrossing, Genes, Plant, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, SELFING RATE, Genetics, education, Alleles, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Isolation by distance, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, biology, ALLOZYME, Selfing, HISTOIRE, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Natural population growth, GENETIC DIVERSITY, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, MEDICAGO TRUNCATULA, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

International audience; The occurrence of populations exhibiting high genetic diversity in predominantly selfing species remains a puzzling question, since under regular selfing genetic diversity is expected to be depleted at a faster rate than under outcrossing. Fine-scale population genetics approaches may help to answer this question. Here we study a natural population of the legume Medicago truncatula in which both the fine-scale spatial structure and the selfing rate are characterized using three different methods. Selfing rate estimates were very high (B99%) irrespective of the method used. A clear pattern of isolation by distance reflecting small seed dispersal distances was detected. Combining genotypic data over loci, we could define 34 multilocus genotypes. Among those, six highly inbred genotypes (lines) represented more than 75% of the individuals studied and harboured all the allelic variation present in the population. We also detected a large set of multilocus genotypes resembling recombinant inbred lines between the most frequent lines occurring in the population. This finding illustrates the importance of rare recombination in redistributing available allelic diversity into new genotypic combinations. This study shows how multilocus and fine-scale spatial analyses may help to understand the population history of self-fertilizing species, especially to make inferences about the relative role of foundation/migration and recombination events in such populations

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Adaptation to climate through flowering phenology: a case study in Medicago truncatula

Author

Maxime Bonhomme, Jean Marie Prosperi, Nevin D. Young, Peter Tiffin, Nathalie Chantret, Concetta Burgarella, Joëlle Ronfort, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Department of plant pathology, INRA (French National Institute of Agronomical Research) Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ARCAD, a flagship project of the Agropolis Foundation, NSF : 1237993, French laboratory of excellence project (LABEX) 'TULIP' : ANR-10-LABX-41, ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010), Burgarella, Concetta, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Candidate gene, association genetics, Acclimatization, Climate, mixed model, Quantitative Trait Loci, climate adaptation, Flowers, flowering time, candidate genes, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, adaptation au climat, 03 medical and health sciences, Africa, Northern, Genetic variation, Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Models, Genetic, floraison, Ecology, Phenology, fungi, food and beverages, medicago truncatula, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Phenotype, phénologie, Medicago truncatula, Agricultural sciences, Europe, Genetics, Population, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Multigene Family, Trait, Adaptation, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

AGAP : équipe GEpop; International audience; Local climatic conditions likely constitute an important selective pressure on genes underlying important fitness-related traits such as flowering time and in many species flowering phenology and climatic gradients strongly covary. To test whether climate shapes genetic variation on flowering time genes and to identify candidate flowering genes involved in the adaptation to environmental heterogeneity, we used a large M. truncatula core collection to examine the association between nucleotide polymorphisms at 224 candidate genes and both climate variables and flowering phenotypes. Unlike genome-wide studies, candidate gene approaches are expected to enrich for the number of meaningful trait associations because they specifically target genes that are known to affect the trait of interest. We found that flowering time mediates adaptation to climatic conditions mainly by variation at genes located upstream in the flowering pathways, close to the environmental stimuli. Variables related to the annual precipitation regime reflected selective constraints on flowering time genes better than the other variables tested (temperature, altitude, latitude or longitude). By comparing phenotype and climate associations, we identified 12 flowering genes as the most promising candidates responsible for phenological adaptation to climate. Four of these genes were located in the known flowering time QTL region on chromosome 7. However, climate and flowering associations also highlighted largely distinct gene sets, suggesting different genetic architectures for adaptation to climate and flowering onset.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Potential implications of climate change on aegilops species distribution: sympatry of these crop wild relatives with the major european crop triticum aestivum and conservation issues

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Jacques David, Marie-France Ostrowski, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Ministere de l'Enseignement et de la Recherche Ministere de l'Agriculture, France

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Sympatry, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Atmospheric Science, Heredity, Acclimatization, Species distribution, Invasive Species, lcsh:Medicine, Plant Science, Plant Genetics, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Gene flow, Geographical Locations, lcsh:Science, Triticum, Climatology, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Geography, Ecology, biology, Agriculture, Plants, Agricultural sciences, Europe, Phylogeography, Biogeography, Wheat, Aegilops, Research Article, Gene Flow, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecological Metrics, Climate Change, Climate change, Crops, Poaceae, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, Species Colonization, Species Specificity, Genetics, Grasses, triticum aestivum, Crop Genetics, Evolutionary Biology, Population Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Species diversity, Species Diversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 13. Climate action, People and Places, Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q, adaptation au changement climatique, Species richness, Population Genetics, Sciences agricoles, Crop Science, Cereal Crops, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

AGAP : équipe GE2pop; International audience; Gene flow from crop to wild relatives is a common phenomenon which can lead to reduced adaptation of the wild relatives to natural ecosystems and/or increased adaptation to agro-systems (weediness). With global warming, wild relative distributions will likely change, thus modifying the width and/ or location of co-occurrence zones where crop-wild hybridization events could occur (sympatry). This study investigates current and 2050 projected changes in sympatry levels between cultivated wheat and six of the most common Aegilops species in Europe. Projections were generated using MaxEnt on presence-only data, bioclimatic variables, and considering two migration hypotheses and two 2050 climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Overall, a general decline in suitable climatic conditions for Aegilops species outside the European zone and a parallel increase in Europe were predicted. If no migration could occur, the decline was predicted to be more acute outside than within the European zone. The potential sympatry level in Europe by 2050 was predicted to increase at a higher rate than species richness, and most expansions were predicted to occur in three countries, which are currently among the top four wheat producers in Europe: Russia, France and Ukraine. The results are also discussed with regard to conservation issues of these crop wild relatives.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Evidence for gene flow between wild and cultivatedMedicago sativa(Leguminosae)based on allozyme markers andquantitative traits

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Joe¨lle Ronfort, and Eric Jenczewski

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Natural selection, Population, food and beverages, Plant Science, Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Genetic differentiation, Gene flow, Evolutionary biology, Botany, Genetics, Gene pool, Medicago sativa, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Genetic differentiation between co-occurring crops and their wild relatives will be greatly modified by crop-to-weed gene flow and variation between human and natural selective pressures. The maintenance of original morphological features in most natural populations of Medicago sativa in Spain questions the relative extent of these antagonistic forces. In this paper, we measured and compared the pattern of population differentiation within and among the wild and cultivated gene pool with respect to both allozymes and quantitative traits. Patterns of diversity defined three kinds of natural populations. First, some populations were intermediate with respect to both allozymes and quantitative traits. This suggests that crop-to-weed gene flow may have created hybrid populations in some locations. Second, some populations were different from all the cultivated landraces with respect to both allozymes and quantitative traits. This probably results from variable gene flow in space and in time, due to demographic stochasticity in either natural or cultivated populations. Third, differentiation from cultivated landraces was only achieved for the quantitative traits but not for allozymes in two populations. This suggests that natural selection in some locations may oppose gene flow to establish cultivated traits into the natural introgressed populations.

Published
1999
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. High-density genome-wide association mapping implicates an F-box encoding gene in Medicago truncatula resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches

Author

Marie-Laure Pilet-Nayel, Hélène Navier, Ahmed Hajri, Joëlle Ronfort, Maxime Bonhomme, Christophe Jacquet, Concetta Burgarella, Peter Tiffin, Frédéric Debellé, Henri Miteul, Alain Baranger, Joann Mudge, Roman Briskine, Nathalie Chantret, Olivier André, Jean Marie Prosperi, Yacine Badis, Bernard Dumas, Nevin D. Young, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, National Center for Genome Resources, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Plant Biology, CNRS, Universite Paul Sabatier, INRA, French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-GENM-0007], US National Science Foundation [IOS-1237993], NGCR, Evolution des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), National center for genome resources (NCGR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Interactions Microbiennes dans la Rhizosphère et les Racines, ANR-10-GENM-0007,Immunit-Ae,Diversité des composants génétiques et des mécanismes de résistance à Aphanomyces euteiches chez les légumineuses.(2010), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Subjects
Candidate gene, Genome-wide association study, F-box protein, Cytokinins, Transcription, Genetic, Physiology, health care facilities, manpower, and services, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, Colony Count, Microbial, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), partial resistance, Ralstonia, Plant Science, Aphanomyces, Quantitative trait locus, Genes, Plant, Aphanomyces euteiches, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Medicago truncatula, oomycete, RNA, Messenger, Gene, health care economics and organizations, Disease Resistance, Plant Diseases, Plant Proteins, Genetics, biology, F-Box Proteins, Chromosome Mapping, biology.organism_classification, root, Up-Regulation, Mutation, Root Nodules, Plant, Signal Transduction, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Summary � The use of quantitative disease resistance (QDR) is a promising strategy for promoting durable resistance to plant pathogens, but genes involved in QDR are largely unknown. To identify genetic components and accelerate improvement of QDR in legumes to the root pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches, we took advantage of both the recently generated massive genomic data for Medicago truncatula and natural variation of this model legume. � A high-density (� 5.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed with both in vitro and glasshouse phenotyping data collected for 179 lines. � GWAS identified several candidate genes and pinpointed two independent major loci on the top of chromosome 3 that were detected in both phenotyping methods. Candidate SNPs in the most significant locus (r 2 = 23%) were in the promoter and coding regions of an F-box protein coding gene. Subsequent qRT-PCR and bioinformatic analyses performed on 20 lines demonstrated that resistance is associated with mutations directly affecting the interaction domain of the F-box protein rather than gene expression. � These results refine the position of previously identified QTL to specific candidate genes, suggest potential molecular mechanisms, and identify new loci explaining QDR against A. euteiches.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Alfalfa domestication history, genetic diversity and genetic resources

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Eric Jenczewski, Marie-Helene Muller, Stéphane Fourtier, Jean-Paul Sampoux, Joelle Ronfort, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Paolo Annicchiarico, and Bernadette Julier

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Vegetal Biology, molecular markers, medicago sativa, food and beverages, domestication des espèces, wild populations, luzerne, ressource génétique, Agricultural sciences, diffusion routes, genetic resources, diversité génétique, gene flow, morphological characterization, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, caractérisation morphologique, marqueur moléculaire, Biologie végétale, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

AGAP : GE²pop; The domestication history of alfalfa is poorly known. Here, we summarize recent results obtained from the investigation of the genetic diversity available in the Medicago sativa species complex, using different molecular markers and morphological characterization. We conclude that a large genetic diversity is still available in the wild form of the species, but original populations are restricted to a relatively small geographic area and in some instances submitted to gene flow from the cultivated form. A short description of the European genetic resources is presented.

Published
2014

17. Genetic Markers and Quantitative Genetic Variation in Medicago truncatula (Leguminosae): A Comparative Analysis of Population Structure

Author

Isabelle Olivieri, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Isabelle Bonnin, Laboratoire des Ressources Génétiques et Amélioration des Luzernes Méditerranéennes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Genetic Markers, 0106 biological sciences, Investigations, Quantitative trait locus, Genes, Plant, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic drift, Genetic variation, Genetics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Natural selection, biology, Genetic Variation, Selfing, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, Population, [SDE.BE.GP]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.gp, Genetic marker, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Medicago sativa
Abstract

Two populations of the selfing annual Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Leguminoseae), each subdivided into three subpopulations, were studied for both metric traits (quantitative characters) and genetic markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA and one morphological, single-locus marker). Hierarchical analyses of variance components show that (1) populations are more differentiated for quantitative characters than for marker loci, (2) the contribution of both within and among subpopulations components of variance to overall genetic variance of these characters is reduced as compared to markers, and (3) at the population level, within population structure is slightly but not significantly larger for markers than for quantitative traits. Under the hypothesis that most markers are neutral, such comparisons may be used to make hypotheses about the strength and heterogeneity of natural selection in the face of genetic drift and gene flow. We thus suggest that in these populations, quantitative characters are under strong divergent selection among populations, and that gene flow is restricted among populations and subpopulations.

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. A high-density genetic map of the Medicago truncatula major freezing tolerance QTL on chromosome 6 reveals colinearity with a QTL related to freezing damage on Pisum sativum linkage group VI

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Isabelle Lejeune-Hénaut, Bruno Delbreil, Nasser Bahrman, Nadim Tayeh, Rosemonde Devaux, Aurélie Bluteau, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés (SADV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Domaine expérimental de Brunehaut (LILL MONS UE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR 1281 SADV, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Stress Abiotiques et Différenciation des Végétaux Cultivés ( SADV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Domaine expérimental de Brunehaut ( LILL MONS UE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Delbreil, Bruno

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, carte génétique, lotus-japonicus, Glycine max, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Plant Science, winter hardiness, 01 natural sciences, genomic, Sativum, Biologie de la reproduction, Medicago, Quantitative trait locus (QTL), [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Genetics, Reproductive Biology, 0303 health sciences, Vegetal Biology, biology, truncatula, food and beverages, frost tolerance, medicago truncatula, legume, congelation, Medicago truncatula, Agricultural sciences, [ SDV.BDLR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, Alimentation et Nutrition, Biotechnology, Freezing tolerance, Quantitative trait locus, légumineuse, Synteny, Pisum, 03 medical and health sciences, vicia-faba, Botany, evolution, Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Molecular Biology, Pisum sativum, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, stress abiotique, quantitative trait loci, seed weight, locations, model, Abiotic stress, Chromosome, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, biology.organism_classification, génie génétique, Agronomy and Crop Science, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sciences agricoles, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Freezing is one of the most serious abiotic stress factors that affect cool-season legumes. It limits species geographic distribution and causes severe yield losses. Improving tolerance to freezing has long been a main concern for legume breeders. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. has been selected as a model species for legume biology. Various studies have shown significant macrosynteny between M. truncatula and agronomically important crop legumes. A major freezing tolerance quantitative trait locus (QTL), herein referred to as Mt-FTQTL6, was previously identified on M. truncatula chromosome 6. The physical location of this QTL was determined in this study and its corresponding chromosomal interval was enriched with additional markers. Markers were first developed using the draft sequence of M. truncatula euchromatin (release versions Mt3.0 and Mt3.5). Because Mt-FTQTL6 was found to coincide with an assembly gap, the Glycine max (L.) Merr. genome sequence was also used to generate markers. Five Mt-FTQTL6-linked markers were found to be common to a region on Pisum sativum L. linkage group VI harboring a QTL for freezing damage. A subset of markers was tested for transferability across 11 additional legume species. This study lays the groundwork for identifying the molecular basis of Mt-FTQTL6. Cross-legume markers will be useful in future efforts aiming to investigate the conservation of Mt-FTQTL6 in cool-season legumes and subsequently the existence of common mechanisms for response to freezing between M. truncatula and crop legumes.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Natural diversity in the model legume Medicago truncatula allows identifying distinct genetic mechanisms conferring partial resistance to Verticillium wilt

Author

Sara Montanari, Dominique Noël, Marie-Christine Gras, M. Rickauer, Thierry Huguet, Bernadette Julier, Marie-Laure Pilet-Nayel, Alain Baranger, Guillaume Mathieu, Cécile Ben, Laurent Gentzbittel, Marie-Claire Tardin, Laure Saint-Pierre, Magalie Fervel, Maoulida Toueni, Azam Negahi, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre de Recherche Le Bourg, (R2n), Barenbrug, Centre de recherches Le Bourg, Ctr Rech Le Bourg, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Physiology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, nodulation mutants, Colony Count, Microbial, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, partial resistance, Plant Science, Plant disease resistance, Verticillium, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Roots, Chromosomes, Plant, Rhizobia, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Xylem, Botany, Medicago truncatula, Inbreeding, Medicago sativa, 030304 developmental biology, Disease Resistance, Plant Diseases, biodiversity, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, biology, fungi, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Verticillium albo-atrum, root disease, vascular wilt, Host-Pathogen Interactions, quantitative trait loci, vascular wit, Verticillium wilt, 010606 plant biology & botany, Research Paper
Abstract

International audience; Verticillium wilt is a major threat to alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and many other crops. The model legume Medicago truncatula was used as a host for studying resistance and susceptibility to Verticillium albo-atrum. In addition to presenting well-established genetic resources, this wild plant species enables to investigate biodiversity of the response to the pathogen and putative crosstalk between disease and symbiosis. Symptom scoring after root inoculation and modelling of disease curves allowed assessing susceptibility levels in recombinant lines of three crosses between susceptible and resistant lines, in a core collection of 32 lines, and in mutants affected in symbiosis with rhizobia. A GFP-expressing V. albo-atrum strain was used to study colonization of susceptible plants. Symptoms and colonization pattern in infected M. truncatula plants were typical of Verticillium wilt. Three distinct major quantitative trait loci were identified using a multicross, multisite design, suggesting that simple genetic mechanisms appear to control Verticillium wilt resistance in M. truncatula lines A17 and DZA45.5. The disease functional parameters varied largely in lines of the core collection. This biodiversity with regard to disease response encourages the development of association genetics and ecological approaches. Several mutants of the resistant line, impaired in different steps of rhizobial symbiosis, were affected in their response to V. albo-atrum, which suggests that mechanisms involved in the establishment of symbiosis or disease might have some common regulatory control points.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. A role for an endosperm-localized subtilase in the control of seed size in legumes

Author

Virginie Bourion, Judith Burstin, Myriam Sanchez, Jeannine Lherminier, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Grégoire Aubert, N. Bouteiller, C. Le Signor, Julia Buitink, Karine Gallardo, Isabelle d'Erfurth, Richard D. Thompson, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Vanessa Vernoud, Brigitte Darchy, Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale (URGV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de recherche en génomique végétale ( URGV ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences ( IRHS ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), and Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, TILLING, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Physiology, Quantitative Trait Loci, Mutant, Cell Count, Locus (genetics), Plant Science, Quantitative trait locus, Genes, Plant, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Linkage Disequilibrium, Endosperm, endosperm, 03 medical and health sciences, tilling, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Medicago truncatula, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Subtilisins, seed size, Phylogeny, Plant Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Vegetal Biology, endosperme, biology, Ecotype, Peas, food and beverages, Embryo, légume, biology.organism_classification, Phenotype, Medicago truncatula (barrel medic), pisum sativum (pea), Mutation, Seeds, subtilase, Cell Division, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Here, we report a subtilase gene (SBT1.1) specifically expressed in the endosperm of Medicago truncatula and Pisum sativum seeds during development, which is located at a chromosomal position coinciding with a seed weight quantitative trait locus (QTL). Association studies between SBT1.1 polymorphisms and seed weights in ecotype collections provided further evidence for linkage disequilibrium between the SBT1.1 locus and a seed weight locus. To investigate the possible contribution of SBT1.1 to the control of seed weight, a search for TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) mutants was performed. An inspection of seed phenotype revealed a decreased weight and area of the sbt1.1 mutant seeds, thus inferring a role of SBT1.1 in the control of seed size in the forage and grain legume species. Microscopic analyses of the embryo, representing the major part of the seed, revealed a reduced number of cells in the MtP330S mutant, but no significant variation in cell size. SBT1.1 is therefore most likely to be involved in the control of cotyledon cell number, rather than cell expansion, during seed development. This raises the hypothesis of a role of SBT1.1 in the regulation of seed size by providing molecules that can act as signals to control cell division within the embryo.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. The RAP1 gene confers effective, race-specific resistance to the pea aphid in Medicago truncatula independent of the hypersensitive reaction

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Simon Hodge, Sophie Alice Stewart, John W. Mansfield, Glen Powell, Cécile Ben, Laurent Gentzbittel, Nurul Aina Ismail, Thierry Huguet, Bart J. Feys, Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Diversité et adaptation des plantes cultivées (UMR DIAPC), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Hypersensitive response, Genetic Markers, Physiology, Quantitative Trait Loci, Locus (genetics), Biology, CARTOGRAPHIE GENETIQUE, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Host-Parasite Interactions, 03 medical and health sciences, Inbred strain, Botany, Genotype, Medicago truncatula, Pseudomonas syringae, Animals, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, POIS ACYRTHOSIPHON P, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Diseases, 0303 health sciences, Aphid, LESIONS, food and beverages, General Medicine, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphids, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Contact: g.powell@imperial.ac.uk Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; International audience; Plant resistance to pathogens is commonly associated with a hypersensitive response (HR), but the degree to which the HR is responsible for incompatibility is subject to debate. Resistance to aphids is likely to share features with resistance to pathogens but is less well understood. Here, we report effective resistance to the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum in Medicago truncatula. Aphids lost weight and died rapidly (within two days) on the resistant genotype Jemalong, which developed necrotic lesions following infestation. Lesions were induced by nonvascular intracellular stylet punctures by aphids, remained localized to the site of stylet entry, stained for the presence of reactive oxygen species, and were similar to the HR induced by the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. The implication that aphid-induced lesions confer resistance was tested by quantitative trait loci analysis using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Jemalong and the susceptible genotype DZA315.16. One major locus, RAP1, was identified that was sufficient to confer race-specific resistance against the pea aphid and was mapped to the middle of chromosome 3. Surprisingly, a separate locus, mapping to the top of chromosome 3, governed aphid-induced HR, indicating that the HR-like lesions are not required for RAP1-mediated aphid resistance

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Effective population size associated with self-fertilization: lessons from temporal changes in allele frequencies in the selfing annual Medicago truncatula

Author

M. Siol, Isabelle Olivieri, Isabelle Bonnin, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Joëlle Ronfort, Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées (UMR DGPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, microsatellite, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene Frequency, Genetic drift, Effective population size, Medicago truncatula, Genetic variation, selfing, Allele, education, Allele frequency, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Genetic Variation, Selfing, food and beverages, population structure, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.BE.GP]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.gp, genetic drift, effective population size
Abstract

E-mail Addresses: siol@supagro.inra.fr; International audience; Despite its significance in evolutionary and conservation biology, few estimates of effective population size (N-e) are available in plant species. Self-fertilization is expected to affect N-e, through both its effect on homozygosity and population dynamics. Here, we estimated N-e using temporal variation in allele frequencies for two contrasted populations of the selfing annual Medicago truncatula: a large and continuous population and a subdivided population. Estimated N-e values were around 5-10% of the population census size suggesting that other factors than selfing must contribute to variation in allele frequencies. Further comparisons between monolocus allelic variation and changes in the multilocus genotypic composition of the populations show that the local dynamics of inbred lines can play an important role in the fluctuations of allele frequencies. Finally, comparing N-e estimates and levels of genetic variation suggest that H-e is a poor estimator of the contemporaneous variance effective population size.

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Morphologic and agronomic diversity of wild genetic resources of Medicago sativa L. collected in Spain

Author

Michel Angevain, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Eric Jenczewski, Joëlle Ronfort, Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées (UMR DGPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Amélioration des Plantes et Biotechnologies Végétales (APBV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Germplasm, DIVERSITY, ALFALFA, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, 03 medical and health sciences, Grazing, Genetics, GENE FLOW, Cultivar, AGRONOMIC TRAITS, Medicago sativa, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Medicago, Ecology, SPAIN, fungi, GENETIC RESOURCES, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Ex situ conservation, biology.organism_classification, PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS, Agronomy, Habit (biology), Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Email: jean-marie.prosperi@supagro.inra.fr.; International audience; One hundred and three natural populations of Medicago L. were collected in Spain, mainly from roadsides, non-irrigated or grazed lands. This germplasm was evaluated at Montpellier (France) with control cultivars and Spanish landraces under completely random block design, replicated four times, and observed for 64 qualitative or quantitative characters. Differences between natural populations and cultivated controls are highly significant, but gene flow occurs between wild and cultivated compartment and hybrid populations were identified. On the basis of multivariable analysis, the accessions were grouped into four clusters depending on their proximity with the cultivated pool to facilitate their management and ex situ conservation. The relationship between environment of the site of collection and phenotypic characteristics of the natural populations was also discussed. Different policies of conservation of these genetic resources are suggested to avoid their disappearance even when they disappeared from the other regions of the western Mediterranean. Spanish wild pool of alfalfa, also called ‘Mielga’, appears of great interest for the breeding of alfalfa because it contains a large diversity of characteristics (prostrate habit, rhizomes) linked to tolerance to grazing or drought environment. With the need for more sustainable systems in agriculture, the erosion of natural habitats and the necessity for rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems, the importance of this wild pool is really inestimable

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Cytological, genetic, and molecular analysis to characterize compatible and incompatible interactions between Medicago truncatula and Colletotrichum trifolii

Author

Thierry Huguet, Marie-Thérèse Esquerré-Tugayé, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Pascal Gamas, Carine Torregrosa, Bernard Dumas, Stephanie Cluzet, Joëlle Fournier, and Christophe Jacquet

Subjects
Hypersensitive response, Colletotrichum trifolii, Physiology, Genes, Plant, Pathosystem, Phenols, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Botany, Plant defense against herbivory, Colletotrichum, Medicago, Medicago sativa, Gene, Crosses, Genetic, Genetics, Expressed Sequence Tags, Expressed sequence tag, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, Hydrogen Peroxide, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Up-Regulation, Plant Leaves, Phenotype, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

In this study, a new pathosystem was established using the model plant Medicago truncatula and Colletotrichum trifolii, the causal agent of anthracnose on Medicago sativa. Screening of a few M. truncatula lines identified Jemalong and F83005.5 as resistant and susceptible to Colletotrichum trifolii race 1, respectively. Symptom analysis and cytological studies indicated that resistance of Jemalong was associated with a hypersensitive response of the plant. The two selected lines were crossed, and inoculations with C. trifolii were performed on the resulting F1 and F2 progenies. Examination of the disease phenotypes indicated that resistance was dominant and was probably due to a major resistance gene. Molecular components of the resistance were analyzed through macroarray experiments. Expression profiling of 126 expressed sequence tags corresponding to 92 genes, which were selected for their putative functions in plant defense or signal transduction, were compared in Jemalong and F83005.5 lines. A strong correlation was observed between the number of up-regulated genes and the resistance phenotype. Large differences appeared at 48 h postinoculation; more than 40% of the tested genes were up-regulated in the Jemalong line compared with only 10% in the susceptible line. Interestingly, some nodulin genes were also induced in the resistant line upon inoculation with C. trifolii.

Published
2004

25. Inferences from mitochondrial DNA patterns on the domestication history of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Author

M. H. Muller, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Joëlle Ronfort, Sylvain Santoni, Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées (UMR DGPC), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Crops, Agricultural, Species complex, Mitochondrial DNA, FLUX DE GENE, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, DNA, Mitochondrial, Gene flow, ESPECE CULTIVEE, Genetics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Medicago sativa, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, Domestication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Polymorphism, Genetic, Geography, Ecology, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, HISTOIRE, Phylogeography, Genetics, Population, Evolutionary biology, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length, 010606 plant biology & botany, Demographic expansion
Abstract

The evolutionary history of a wild-cultivated complex is the outcome of different factors, among which are the domestication of the cultivated form, its geographical and demographic expansion, as well as gene flow between natural and cultivated populations. To clarify this history for alfalfa (Medicago sativa), we adopted a phylogeographical approach based on a sample of natural and cultivated populations of the M. sativa species complex. This sample was characterized for mtDNA variation through restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Twenty-two mitotypes were identified in the whole data set (155 individuals). In the wild pool from the presumed area of origin (Near East to Central Asia), the diversity was high but the absence of geographical differentiation hinders a more precise location of the centre of domestication. Within the cultivated alfalfa, the geographical structure suggests strongly the existence of at least two independent routes of dissemination of alfalfa from its centre of origin. In particular, original mitotypes detected in some regions suggest that wild populations not sampled in this study, and located outside the presumed area of domestication, may have contributed to the diversity of the cultivated pool. Finally, analysis of the mtDNA variation shows that natural populations collected in Spain constitute an endemic wild pool now introgressed partially by cultivated alfalfa.

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. The molecular genetic linkage map of the model legume Medicago truncatula: an essential tool for comparative legume genomics and the isolation of agronomically important genes

Author

Philippe, Thoquet, Michele, Ghérardi, Etienne-Pascal, Journet, Attila, Kereszt, Jean-Michel, Ané, Jean-Marie, Prosperi, and Thierry, Huguet

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, Genetic Markers, DNA, Plant, Genotype, Genetic Linkage, fungi, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Variation, food and beverages, Fabaceae, Genomics, Genes, Plant, Chromosomes, Plant, lcsh:QK1-989, Phenotype, Species Specificity, lcsh:Botany, Medicago, Research Article
Abstract

Background The legume Medicago truncatula has emerged as a model plant for the molecular and genetic dissection of various plant processes involved in rhizobial, mycorrhizal and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions. Aiming to develop essential tools for such genetic approaches, we have established the first genetic map of this species. Two parental homozygous lines were selected from the cultivar Jemalong and from the Algerian natural population (DZA315) on the basis of their molecular and phenotypic polymorphism. Results An F2 segregating population of 124 individuals between these two lines was obtained using an efficient manual crossing technique established for M. truncatula and was used to construct a genetic map. This map spans 1225 cM (average 470 kb/cM) and comprises 289 markers including RAPD, AFLP, known genes and isoenzymes arranged in 8 linkage groups (2n = 16). Markers are uniformly distributed throughout the map and segregation distortion is limited to only 3 linkage groups. By mapping a number of common markers, the eight linkage groups are shown to be homologous to those of diploid alfalfa (M. sativa), implying a good level of macrosynteny between the two genomes. Using this M. truncatula map and the derived F3 populations, we were able to map the Mtsym6 symbiotic gene on linkage group 8 and the SPC gene, responsible for the direction of pod coiling, on linkage group 7. Conclusions These results demonstrate that Medicago truncatula is amenable to diploid genetic analysis and they open the way to map-based cloning of symbiotic or other agronomically-important genes using this model plant.

Published
2002

27. Mitochondrial DNA diversity and phenotypic variation in wild and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa: insights into the dynamics of contact zones between the two related forms

Author

Gérard Génier, Christian Balsera, Olivier Soudière, Sylvie Roussel, Marie-Helene Muller, Sylvain Santoni, Denis Tauzin, Joëlle Ronfort, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Marin Vabre, Unité de recherches de génétique et amélioration des plantes, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Mitochondrial DNA, FLUX DE GENE, variabilité génétique, Population, variabilité phénotypique, medicago sativa, espagne, Biology, luzerne, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, ESPECE CULTIVEE, agromorphologie, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, population naturelle, Medicago sativa, GENETIQUE VEGETALE, education, variabilité cytoplasmique, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, food and beverages, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Phenotype, espèce sauvage, pays méditerranéen, plante fourragère, dynamique des populations, Variation (linguistics), Evolutionary biology, GENETIQUE DES POPULATIONS, légumineuse fourragère, Animal Science and Zoology, V — Gestion Dynamique des Ressources Génétiques Dynamic Management of Genetic Resources, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, europe, ADN mitochondrial
Abstract

In order to understand the dynamics of contact zones between natural and cultivated populations of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Spain, we investigated the patterns of mitochondrial variation (characterized through restriction fragment length polymorphisms) for 173 individuals in four natural and four cultivated populations of this species. We also examined the relationship between mtDNA and phenotypic variation. This study shows that cytoplasmic variation occurs in both natural and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa. Among the five mitotypes identified in the species, two are specific from the natural populations. The distribution of shared mitotypes between wild and cultivated forms attested to the occurrence of gene flow through seed from cultivated towards natural populations. Comparisons between cytoplasmic and phenotypic patterns of variation give information on the patterns of gene exchange that occur in contact zones over successive generations.

Published
2001

28. Comparaison de la diversité génétique mesurée sur la base de marqueurs neutres et de caractères agro-morphologiques dans des populations sauvages et cultivées de luzerne (Medicago sativa L.) en Espagne

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Eric Jenczewski, Michel Angevain, Gérard Génier, Joëlle Ronfort, André Charrier, Unité de recherches de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Revues Inra, Import

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH426-470, marqueur génétique, medicago sativa, flux de gènes, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, espagne, polymorphisme, Biology, allozyme, luzerne, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, ressource génétique, plante sauvage, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Genetics(clinical), Medicago sativa, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, lcsh:SF1-1100, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, fungi, food and beverages, Forestry, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, pays méditerranéen, croisement, Full article, plante cultivée, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, lcsh:Genetics, DIVERSTITE GENETIQUE, morphologie, Animal Science and Zoology, lcsh:Animal culture, europe, caractère agronomique, sélection naturelle, hybridation
Abstract

Crop/weed gene flow is often of great concern for a better understanding of germplasm diversity. This paper provides an overview of the levels and partition of genetic diversity assessed between wild and cultivated populations of Medicago sativa L. in Spain for both molecular markers and agromorphological traits. We report that most wild populations preserve a great agronomic and morphological originality despite their occasional parapatry with cultivated forms and the occurrence of crop/weed gene flow in many locations. However, populations that display either a continuous range of intermediate plants between the typical wild and cultivated forms, or a mosaic of individuals that can be assigned to each gene pool respectively, were also identified. Providing that reproductive isolation is not strict, we hypothesise that contrasted selective pressure between wild and cultivated populations mainly accounted for the maintenance of their phenotypic integrity., L’existence d’un flux génique entre des populations cultivées et sauvages joue souvent un rôle prépondérant dans l’évolution de la diversité génétique de ces dernières. Nous présentons ici une vue générale des niveaux, et de l’organisation de la diversité génétique mesurée sur la base de marqueurs neutres et de caractères agromorphologiques dans des populations sauvages et cultivées de luzerne (M. sativa L.)en Espagne. La plupart des populations sauvages maintiennent une claire originalité agronomique et morphologique bien qu’elles soient parapatriques de populations cultivées et qu’elles fassent parfois l’objet d’introgressions régulières de leur part. Néanmoins notre étude a permis de mettre en évidence un ensemble de populations sauvages moins typiques, présentant un continuum de formes intermédiaires ou une mosaïque d’individus caractéristiques de chaque forme. Notre étude suggère que l’isolement reproducteur entre populations sauvages et cultivées n’est pas total et qu’il est vraisemblable que de fortes pressions de sélection engendrées par le milieu jouent un rôle déterminant dans le maintien de l’intégrité phénotypique des formes sauvages.

Published
1998

29. Molecular phylogenetic approach for studying life-history evolution: the ambiguous example of the genus Medicago L

Author

B. Lejeune, Isabelle Olivieri, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Gilles Béna, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biotechnologie des plantes (IBP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Ressources Génétiques et Amélioration des Luzernes Méditerranéennes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Diversité et génomes des plantes cultivées (UMR DGPC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Recurrent evolution, Life-history evolution, DNA, Plant, Molecular Sequence Data, Outcrossing, Molecular phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Evolution, Molecular, 03 medical and health sciences, Genus, Phylogenetics, Weighting schemes, Medicago, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, General Environmental Science, 0303 health sciences, Base Sequence, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Selfing, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.BE.GP]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.gp, Evolutionary biology, Molecular phylogenetics, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Research Article, Medicago sativa
Abstract

International audience; We present a molecular phylogeny including most species of the genus Medicago L. (Fabaceae). Based on the consensus of the 48 most parsimonious trees, life-history and mating-system characters are mapped and a putative history of the genus is suggested. The most parsimonious reconstruction suggests an ancestral annual and selfing state, and recurrent evolution towards perenniality and outcrossing. Based on theoretical predictions and classical hypotheses of the history of the genus, different assumptions about the ancestral state and different weighting schemes of evolution between the character states are made. Assuming an outcrossing perennial ancestral state (partly supported by morphological features) does not fundamentally change the reconstruction. To meet theoretical expectations, various weighting schemes favouring evolution towards annuality and selfing are applied. Influence and validity of such weighting schemes are discussed with regard to other studies.

Published
1998
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Comparison of different spatial strategies for sampling a core collection of natural populations of fodder crops

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Gilles Charmet, Michel Goulard, François Balfourier, Pascal Monestiez, Unité d'Amélioration des plantes (CL CLERMONT GENETQ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherches de génétique et amélioration des plantes, Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux (BioSP), and Revues Inra, Import

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH426-470, grèce, espagne, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Biology, ressource génétique, 01 natural sciences, biodiversité, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic resources, méthode statistique, Genetics, Genetics(clinical), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, lcsh:SF1-1100, 2. Zero hunger, collection botanique, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Fodder crops, afrique du nord, population végétale, conservation génétique, Forestry, medicago truncatula, General Medicine, échantillonnage, 15. Life on land, lolium pérenne, pays méditerranéen, plante fourragère, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, lcsh:Genetics, Animal Science and Zoology, lcsh:Animal culture, europe, france, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Seven different strategies for sampling a core collection are compared in large collections of natural populations of two fodder crop species (Lolium perenne and Medicago truncatula) previously evaluated for agronomic traits. The first five strategies consist of random or stratified sampling methods with one level of classification of the population (classification based on agronomic traits with or without a geographic contiguity constraint, based on the country or region of origin, or on spatial structures of populations). The last one of these strategies is based on geostatistical analysis, which allows studies of the spatial pattern of genetic diversity. The two remaining strategies are based on the principal component score strategy (PCSS), which consists of maximising a distance criterion between populations, this criterion being applied to agronomic traits of the populations or to their spatial components after geostatistical analysis. The different strategies are compared using two criteria: i) their capacity to capture the phenotypic diversity of the whole collection, as measured by the Shannon index; ii) their ability to restore the spatial structuration of the initial collection, measured by distance between maps for agronomic traits. The comparisons for the two species show that strategies that take into account spatial structuration of diversity give the best results for both criteria., Sept stratégies d’échantillonnage d’une core collection sont comparées sur deux collections de populations naturelles d’espèces fourragères (Lolium perenne et Medicago truncatula) préalablement évaluées pour des caractéristiques agronomiques. Les cinq premières stratégies consistent en des tirages aléatoires simples ou stratifiés selon un seul niveau de classification des populations: (i) aléatoire simple (stratégie Random); (ii) stratifié selon une classification basée sur les caractéristiques agronomiques (stratégie Stratagro); (iii) stratifié selon la région ou le pays d’origine (stratégie Stratreg); (iv) stratifié selon les caractéristiques agronomiques avec contrainte de contiguïté géographique (stratégie Straconti); (v) stratifié selon les structures spatiales des populations (stratégie Stratspa), déterminées par les méthodes de la géostatistique. Il s’agit de méthodes statistiques adaptées à l’analyse de données spatiales et à la mise en évidence de structure ou distributions spatiales non aléatoires. Enfin, deux autres stratégies déterministes sont testées; elles sont basées sur un critère de maximisation de distance entre populations, ce critère étant appliqué aux données agronomiques de base des populations (stratégie PCSS) et à leurs composantes spatiales (stratégie SPPCSS). Les différentes stratégies sont comparées selon deux critères: leur capacité à capturer la diversité phénotypique contenue dans la collection de départ, mesurée par un indice de Shannon, et leur aptitude à restituer la structuration spatiale de la collection globale, mesurée par une distance entre cartes établies pour des caractères agronomiques. Les comparaisons montrent que, chez les deux espèces, les stratégies tenant compte des structures spatiales (Stratspa et SPPCSS) donnent les meilleurs résultats, aussi bien pour l’indice de diversité globale que pour la représentativité des cartes.

Published
1998

31. High level of polymorphism and spatial structure in a selfing plant species, Medicago truncatula (Leguminosae), shown using RAPD markers

Author

Isabelle Olivieri, Thierry Huguet, Isabelle Bonnin, Jean Marie Prosperi, Michèle Ghérardi, Laboratoire des Ressources Génétiques et Amélioration des Luzernes Méditerranéennes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), INRA-CNRS UMR 05, INRA-CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Population, Outcrossing, Plant Science, migration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Effective population size, RAPD, Genetic variation, Genotype, Medicago truncatula, Genetics, selfing, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, multilocus genotype, education.field_of_study, biology, Selfing, population structure, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.BE.GP]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.gp, Leguminosae, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Using RAPD markers and one morphological marker, we studied the among- and within-population structure in a selfing annual plant species, Medicago truncatula GAERTN. About 200 individuals, sampled from four populations subdivided into three subpopulations each, were scored for 22 markers. It was found that the within-population variance component accounted for 55% of the total variance, while the among-population variance component accounted for 45%. Eighteen percent of the total variance was due to within-population structure (i.e., among subpopulations). Thus, 37% of the total variance was within subpopulations. Using a multilocus approach, it was found that no multilocus genotype was common to two populations. Two of the four studied populations were composed of few (less than or equal to 6) multilocus genotypes, whereas the other two had many (greater than or equal to 15) multilocus genotypes. In the most polymorphic population (37 genotypes), only one genotype was found to be common to two subpopulations. Resampling experiments show that, depending on the population, three to 16 polymorphic loci were necessary and sufficient to score all multilocus genotypes in the population. When these data are compared to published results, it appears that on some occasions, the number of genotypes per population of selfing species might be larger than would be expected from the sole consideration of effective population size. The large within-subpopulation genetic variance observed in some populations could be explained by either small neighborhood sizes within subpopulations, or by outcrossing following migration through seed and/or pollen.

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Landscape ecology: Population genetics at the metapopulation level

Author

Domenica Manicacci, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Anne Atlan, Véronique Perrot, Isabelle Olivieri, Denis Couvet, Pierre-Henri Gouyon, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Station de Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (SGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Landscape epidemiology, Ecology (disciplines), Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Population genetics, Metapopulation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Life history theory, 03 medical and health sciences, reproductive systems, education, life history traits, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Ecology, metapopulation, 15. Life on land, Population ecology, landscape, [SDE.BE.GP]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology/domain_sde.be.gp, non-equilibrium, Evolutionary biology, Landscape ecology
Abstract

International audience; Distribution of genetic diversity in a landscape depends on both within and among population processes. Selective pressures within populations have traditionally been studied by population genetics, which usually assumes that populations are at equilibrium. However, when selection pressures within and among populations are different, landscape processes are required to define an equilibrium (landscape being defined as the habitat of a set of populations called a metapopulation, and populations will differ depending on their situation in the landscape, i.e. their age and the state of neighboring populations). We examine reproduction systems and life history traits, for which variation depends on landscape processes. Predictions of their states in a metapopulation are drawn from theoretical models, and confronted to observations collected in natural populations.

Published
1992
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. [Untitled]

Author

Thomas Bataillon, Magalie Delalande, Sylvain Santoni, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Jacques David, and Joëlle Ronfort

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, Population, Plant genetics, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Genetic correlation, Medicago truncatula, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic variation, Microsatellite, Species richness, education, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Exploiting genetic diversity requires previous knowledge of the extent and structure of the variation occurring in a species. Such knowledge can in turn be used to build a core-collection, i.e. a subset of accessions that aim at representing the genetic diversity of this species with a minimum of repetitiveness. We investigate the patterns of genetic diversity and population structure in a collection of 346 inbred lines representing the breadth of naturally occurring diversity in the Legume plant model Medicago truncatula using 13 microsatellite loci distributed throughout the genome. We confirm the uniqueness of all these genotypes and reveal a large amount of genetic diversity and allelic variation within this autogamous species. Spatial genetic correlation was found only for individuals originating from the same population and between neighbouring populations. Using a model-based clustering algorithm, we identified four main genetic clusters in the set of individuals analyzed. This stratification matches broad geographic regions. We also identified a set of "admixed" individuals that do not fit with this population structure scheme. The stratification inferred is discussed considering potential historical events like expansion, refuge history and admixture between neighbouring groups. Information on the allelic richness and the inferred population structure are used to build a nested core-collection. The set of inbred lines and the core collections are publicly available and will help coordinating efforts for the study of naturally occurring variation in the growing Medicago truncatula community.

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. [Untitled]

Author

Thierry Huguet, Philippe Thoquet, Attila Kereszt, Jean Marie Prosperi, Etienne-Pascal Journet, Michèle Ghérardi, and Jean-Michel Ané

Subjects
Genetics, Medicago, biology, fungi, Plant genetics, food and beverages, Genomics, Plant Science, Fabaceae, biology.organism_classification, Medicago truncatula, Genetic marker, Genetic linkage, Genetic variation
Abstract

Background The legume Medicago truncatula has emerged as a model plant for the molecular and genetic dissection of various plant processes involved in rhizobial, mycorrhizal and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions. Aiming to develop essential tools for such genetic approaches, we have established the first genetic map of this species. Two parental homozygous lines were selected from the cultivar Jemalong and from the Algerian natural population (DZA315) on the basis of their molecular and phenotypic polymorphism.

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Morphologic and Agronomic Diversity of Wild Genetic Resources of Medicago sativa L. Collected in Spain.

Author

Jean-Marie Prosperi, Eric Jenczewski, Michel Angevain, and Joëlle Ronfort

Abstract

One hundred and three natural populations of Medicago L. were collected in Spain, mainly from roadsides, non-irrigated or grazed lands. This germplasm was evaluated at Montpellier (France) with control cultivars and Spanish landraces under completely random block design, replicated four times, and observed for 64 qualitative or quantitative characters. Differences between natural populations and cultivated controls are highly significant, but gene flow occurs between wild and cultivated compartment and hybrid populations were identified. On the basis of multivariable analysis, the accessions were grouped into four clusters depending on their proximity with the cultivated pool to facilitate their management and ex situ conservation. The relationship between environment of the site of collection and phenotypic characteristics of the natural populations was also discussed. Different policies of conservation of these genetic resources are suggested to avoid their disappearance even when they disappeared from the other regions of the western Mediterranean. Spanish wild pool of alfalfa, also called ‘Mielga’, appears of great interest for the breeding of alfalfa because it contains a large diversity of characteristics (prostrate habit, rhizomes) linked to tolerance to grazing or drought environment. With the need for more sustainable systems in agriculture, the erosion of natural habitats and the necessity for rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems, the importance of this wild pool is really inestimable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006

36. Etude d’association pangénomique de la longévité chez Medicago truncatula pour en identifier de nouveaux régulateurs

Author

Souha Berriri, Christine Le Signor, Karima Righetti, Olivier Leprince, Jean-Marie Prosperi, Karine Gallardo, Julia Buitink, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). FRA.

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results