Search

The article discusses the Supreme Court case of Allen versus Cooper regarding copyright infringement which held that the Intellectual Property Clause could not provide the basis for an abrogation of sovereign immunity under the Copyright Remedy Clarification Act of 1990. The evidence of Fourteenth Amendment injury was remote, and the scope of the statute extended to every infringement case against a State. It also ignored relevant nuances that explain the drawbacks of the legislative record.

The assessment of muscle health is of paramount importance, as the loss of muscle mass and strength can affect performance. Two non-invasive tools that have been found to be useful in this are the MyotonPRO and rehabilitative ultrasound imaging, both have shown to be reliable in previous studies many of which conducted by the research team. This study aims to determine the reliability of previously unassessed local body structures and to determine their minimal detectable changes (MDC) to support both researchers and clinicians. Twenty healthy participants were recruited to determine the reliability of seven skin positions out of a previously established protocol. Reliability was determined between three independent raters, and day to day reliability was assessed with one rater a week apart. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) between raters and between days for tissue stiffness, tone and elasticity range from moderate to excellent (ICC 0.52–0.97), with most good or excellent. ICCs for subcutaneous thickness between days was good or excellent (ICC 0.86–0.91) and moderate to excellent between raters (ICC 0.72–0.96), in muscles it was moderate to excellent between raters and days (ICC 0.71–0.95). The protocol in this study is repeatable with overall good reliability, it also provides established MDC values for several measurement points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Contains practice, modeling and computation. • Dynamics is illuminated by supercomputer results of videos. • Event reconstruction and forensic assessments are made for Daallo Airlines Flight 159 bombing case. The bombing of airliners has been a tactic used by terrorists during the past 40 years. Its prevention is a major priority by homeland security officials on a worldwide basis. In efforts to aid in the investigation of such bombings, this paper provides the results of the development of mathematical modeling and computer simulation for the study of aircraft bombings and associated forensics. As an assist in the forensic study, a number of photographs are provided to depict the normally observed physical characteristics of explosives damage upon aircraft and related materials. Our study illuminates and evaluates how these characteristics can be captured by computational mechanics. Finally, we use the laptop bombing of Daallo Airlines Flight 159 as a case study to demonstrate that event reconstruction can be accomplished for the purpose of forensic investigations. Most of our supercomputer results are visualized by video animations in order to show the dynamic effects and phenomena of explosives and the associated event reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]