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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 8 weeks of resistance circuit training in people with paraplegia due to spinal cord injury. Methods Participants were randomized into experimental and control groups. Although the intensity and sequence of movements of the exercise programs were identical in both groups, the resting time between sets was limited to 1 minute in the experimental group. In the control group, the participants were allowed to rest until they were comfortable. Both groups received 8 weeks of training twice per week. Before and after the program, muscle mass, body fat percentage, fat mass, blood pressure, heart rate, muscle strength and muscular endurance were evaluated, and 6-minute propulsion test was conducted. Additionally, the safety of the program was assessed. Results Twenty-two individuals with paraplegia were enrolled (11 in each group). After the training program, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in the resting blood pressure and improvement in the upper extremity muscle mass, strength, and endurance (p

The relevant literature on missile defense is limited in that it primarily consists of policy-oriented prescriptive studies that support or oppose the deployment of missile defense in a host country. To address this deficiency, the current research compares two controversial cases of US missile defense deployment in Poland and the Republic of Korea. A theoretical framework is developed based on the alliance security dilemma to explain why certain allies accept US missile defense. The framework is used to evaluate two key aspects of missile defense deployment: whether a missile defense target is a shared adversary and the degree of reliance on the alliance. These variables are utilized as measures of entrapment and abandonment fears to explain why allies accept US missile defense systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]