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In the past, laser propagation in a fluid with heat transfer has been modeled using simplistic conduction and convection conditions yielding inaccurate predictions. Here we present a detailed numerical study describing the thermal profile of the fluid and its interaction with the laser. Furthermore, we evaluate the diffraction field in the far field produced by a pump beam impinging in the fluid and the interferometric pattern obtained normal to the propagation direction to test our model. Direct comparison between experimental results and numerical simulation allows for a complete understanding of the energy transfer from the laser to the liquid and the subsequent effect on the laser propagation. Spatial self-phase modulation and propagation control from small-phase diffraction to aberration-controlled diffraction and up to diffraction oscillation are observed and explained with our modeling.

The cable layout optimisation for floating offshore wind farms is a complex task due to the number of elements involved and their nature, such as dynamic cables with buoyant sections. The first step is defining a model of the suspended cables that connect wind turbines between them or to cables on the seabed (risers). A lumped mass model and the finite element method are used to find the static position and mechanical stresses of the cables, keeping a balance between computational time and the quality of the results. The model allows the inclusion of standard ancillary equipment such as bend stiffeners, buoyancy modules, clamps and tethers in order to simulate multiple configurations: double hanging, single hanging (catenary), lazy wave, steep wave and tethered wave. The external actions considered are marine growth and currents and the main cable properties are taken into account to calculate its weight, buoyancy, tensions, moments and drag forces. The information obtained after the simulation includes cable tensions, curvature, laid and suspended lengths and tether tension, when applicable. Next steps include the optimisation of the suspended cables and the full network in the farm.

Objective: To assess the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on cognitive performance (CP) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) after 6 months of treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues. Material and methods: Prospective, observational, multicentre, open-label study of patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic or asymptomatic metastatic PCa scheduled to receive LHRH analogues for >= 6 months. We assessed four CP domains at baseline and after 6 months of ADT: 1) Working memory: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III (WAIS III) Digit Span Subtest (WAIS ill-Digit); 2) Visual memory: ad hoc visual memory test; 3) Visuospatial ability: Judgement of Line Orientation (JLO) and Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects (3D-Rotation); and 4) Nonverbal analytical reasoning: WAIS III Matrix Reasoning Test (WAIS III-MRT). Changes outside the baseline 95% confidence intervals were considered significant. Results: A total of 308 patients completed the study. Of these, 245 (79.6%) experienced no statistically significant changes on any test and 63 patients (20.4%) experienced significant changes in >= 1 test. Of these, most presented a change in only one test, distributed evenly between improvements (58 patients; 18.8%) and worsening (56 patients; 18.2%). For individual tests, most patients (87.8% to 91.8%) had no change from baseline; however, the significant changes (improvement vs. deterioration, respectively) were as follows: WAIS III-Digit (6.3% vs. 5.9%); visual memory (5.3% vs. 5.7%); JLO (5.3% vs. 4.5%); 3D-Rotation (4.1%vs. 4.1%); and WAIS III-MRT (4.8% vs. 5.8%). Conclusions: CP in patients with PCa does not appear to be adversely affected by 6 months of LHRH analogue administration. (C) 2017 AEU. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

P. Pyreneplax basaensis nou gènere, nova espècie (Decapoda, Brachyura, Vultocinidae) del Priabonià (Eocè Superior) del Pirineu d’Osca (Aragó, Espanya), i observacions sobre el gènere Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863. Els nous braquiürs fòssils trobats a la Formació Margas de Arguís (Priabonià, Eocè superior) dels Pirineus Centrals (Aragó), permeten la descripció d’un nou gènere y una nova espècie ( Pyreneplax basaensis), així com la revisió d’alguns tàxons previament assignats al gènere Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863 (Carpilioidea: Tumidocarcinidae). Tenint en compte la gran similitud existent entre Pyreneplax n. gen. i les espècies Lobonotus sandersi(Blow i Manning, 1997), L. granosus(Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli i Tessier, 2002) i L. sommarugai Beschin, Busulini i Tessier, 2009, aquestes són també assignades al nou gènere. A més, un conjunt de caràcters tant dorsals com ventrals, compartits amb la espècie actual Vultocinus anfractusNg i Manuel-Santos, 2007, suggereixen la inclusió del nou gènere dins la família Vultocinidae Ng i Manuel-Santos, 2007 (Goneplacoidea). Al mateix temps es discuteixen alguns aspectes de la posició sistemàtica del gènere Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863., New fossil brachyuran finds in the Margas de Arguís Formation (Priabonian, Late Eocene) in the Central Pyrenees of Aragon (Spain), allow the description of a new genus and a new species ( Pyreneplax basaensis), and the revision of some taxa previously assigned to the genus Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863 (Carpilioidea: Tumidocarcinidae). According to the close similarity between Pyreneplax n. gen. and Lobonotus sandersi (Blow and Manning, 1997), L. granosus (Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli and Tessier, 2002) and L. sommarugai Beschin, Busulini and Tessier, 2009, these species are here assigned to the new genus. In addition, an important set of dorsal and ventral characters shared with the extant species Vultocinus anfractus Ng and Manuel-Santos, 2007, suggests the inclusion of the new genus in the family Vultocinidae Ng and Manuel-Santos, 2007 (Goneplacoidea). Remarks on the genus Lobonotusare also discussed herein., P. Pyreneplax basaensisnuevo género, nueva especie (Decapoda, Brachyura, Vultocinidae) del Priaboniense (Eoceno Superior) del Pirineo de Huesca (Aragón, España), y observaciones sobre el género Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863. Nuevos braquiuros fósiles encontrados en la Formación Margas de Arguís (Priaboniense, Eoceno superior), en los Pirineos Centrales (Aragón), permiten la descripción de un nuevo género y una nueva especie ( Pyreneplax basaensis), así como la revisión de algunos taxones previamente asignados al género Lobonotus A. Milne-Edwards, 1863 (Carpilioidea: Tumidocarcinidae). De acuerdo con la notable similitud entre Pyreneplax n. gen., y las especies Lobonotus sandersi (Blow y Manning, 1997), L. granosus(Beschin, Busulini, De Angeli y Tessier, 2002) y L. sommarugaiBeschin, Busulini y Tessier, 2009, éstas se asignan al nuevo género. Asimismo, un destacado conjunto de caracteres dorsales y ventrales compartidos con la especie actual Vultocinus anfractus Ng y Manuel-Santos, 2007, sugiere la inclusión del nuevo género en la familia Vultocinidae Ng y Manuel-Santos, 2007 (Goneplacoidea). También se efectúan algunas observaciones sobre el género LobonotusA. Milne-Edwards, 1863.

Background Abdominal perineal excision (APE) was originally described with levator ani removal for rectal cancer. An even wider, more aggressive extralevator resection for APE has been proposed. Although some surgeons are performing a very wide ‘extralevator APE (ELAPE)’, there are few data to recommend it routinely. This multicentre study aimed to compare outcomes of APE and ELAPE. Methods A multicentre propensity case-matched analysis comparing two surgical approaches (APE and ELAPE) was performed. All patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection of a rectal tumour were considered for the analysis. Tumour height was defined by magnetic resonance imaging measurement and patients with stage II–III tumours had neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Involvement of the circumferential resection margin (CRM) and intraoperative tumour perforation were the main outcome measures. A logistic regression model was used to study the relationship between the surgical approaches and outcomes. Results From January 2008 to March 2013 a total of 1909 consecutive patients underwent APE or ELAPE, of whom 914 matched patients (457 in each group) formed the cohort for analysis. Intraoperative tumour perforation occurred in 7·9 and 7·7 per cent of patients during APE and ELAPE respectively (P = 0·902), and there was CRM involvement in 13·1 and 13·6 per cent (P = 0·846). There were no differences between APE and ELAPE in terms of postoperative complication rates (52·3 versus 48·1 per cent; P = 0·209), need for reoperation (7·7 versus 7·0 per cent; P = 0·703), perineal wound problems (26·0 versus 21·9 per cent; P = 0·141), mortality rate (2·0 versus 2·0 per cent; P = 1·000) and local recurrence rate at 2 years (2·7 versus 5·6 per cent; P = 0·664). Conclusion ELAPE does not improve rates of CRM involvement, intraoperative tumour perforation, local recurrence or mortality.

Lactose malabsorption (LM) is a very common problem with high prevalence in Southern Europe. The lactose tolerance test (LTT) is a basic probe, which is widespread in local hospitals, because it requires non-complex and inexpensive infrastructure. The aims of our study are to determine that a reduction in the duration of LTT does not affect its diagnostic accuracy to detect LM and to calculate the savings that this reduction may represent. A prospective study of consecutive patients who underwent LTT for suspected LM was conducted. We analyzed and compared the clinical results and costs (extraction, analytical measurement, time spent by nursing staff, technicians and patients) of suppressing LTT points at 30 and 120 min. The study included 201 patients. Pathological LTT was found in 119 cases. Eliminating the measurement of glucose at 120 min did not alter the LTT interpretation in any patient; however, up to 18.4% of patients had a LTT misinterpretation when the 30 min point was suppressed. If the LTT 120 min measurement would have been suppressed, 41 334 euros could have been saved. Suppressing the 120 min LTT point does not imply any changes in clinical results and reduces patient’s waiting time; it also benefits the health system by saving time, manpower and materials.

SUMMARY Mature-green and commercial harvest stage guava fruits were picked in a commercial orchard in Zitacuaro, Michoacan, Mexico. They were wrapped in polyethylene plastic film bags (PF), that had pores of 10 mm diameter pores, and stored at 5 and 10 °C during 6, 12 and 18 days. The results were compared with a control stored at temperate room (20 °C and 70% relative humidity). CO 2 , O 2 , and ethylene were determined in the internal atmosphere generated by the PF; the characteristics evaluated were weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and fruit color at the above mentioned storage days and 6 days after the removal of fruits from the cold storage. The PF modified the internal atmosphere in function of both temperature and stage of ripeness stage of the fruit. Fruit stored at 5 and 10 °C in PF had good physiological and biochemical characteristics, and good quality up to 18 days of storage. The best results were found with guavas harvested at the mature-green stage followed by 6 days after removal from storage at 5 °C for 6 days, chilling injury was not observed. The fruit stored at room temperature showed color and weight loss, and attack of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. after 18 days of storage.

A 77-year-old asymptomatic male was referred by his family doctor with this liver test: total bilirubin (TB) 1.84 mg/dl, WBC 3,700/μL, platelets 109,000/μL, and GGT 71 U/L. Past medical history: no allergies to medication. Hypertension treated with captopril 25 mg/day. No abdominal surgery or trauma or liver biopsies. Drinker of 40 g alcohol daily. No known liver disease. No family history of interest. Physical examination showed no stigmata for chronic liver disease, and the abdomen was soft. CBC: leukocytes 2,990/μL, neutrophils 860/μL, lymphocytes 1,570/μL, platelets 112,000/μL, hemoglobin 138 g/L, hematocrit 0.396 L/L, MCV 90.4 fl, prothrombin activity 75.6%, cephalin time 33.6 seg, TB 1.73 mg/dl, GGT 72 U/L, with glucose, urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP, Ca, serum ferritin, amylase, Na, K, TSH, AFP, and autoantibodies (ANA, AMA, SMA) within normal values. Hepatitis B and C were negative. Doppler ultrasounds and computed tomography (CT) + abdominal reconstruction with volume-rendering phase (Figs. 1 and 2) showed a dilated right suprahepatic vein, in its distal end an expansion in the two converging aneurysmatic segmental right portal branches. At this stage no portal flow is seen in the other branches. The main portal branch and the left branch had a normal caliber. The spleen was normal in size. The gallbladder and pancreas had no changes. No free fluid. An inferior vena cava to the left, with retroaortic iliac bifurcation and iliac veins being prominent. There is some increased density in the mesenteric fat due to diffuse, likely venous engorgement.

Hydatidosis is a zoonosis with a continuing high prevalence in our environment. The most commonly affected organs are the lungs and the liver, with the musculoskeletal location being considered an unusual one. We comment the case of a patient who presented a series of lesions in his left iliac crest and middle left buttock with spontaneous fistulization to the skin surface. In this case a combined treatment was given; prior to the surgical operation we administered a cycle of albendazol. Following removal of the lesion, the patient was given two further cycles of albendazol in order to minimize the risk of a recurrence of the illness. This patient is currently free of any symptoms relating to this illness.

La hidatidosis es una zoonosis con una elevada prevalencia aún en nuestro medio. Generalmente afecta a hígado y pulmón, debiendo considerarse la afectación músculo-esquelética una localización atípica de la enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con lesiones en cresta iliaca y glúteo medio izquierdos, con fistulización espontánea a través de la piel. Se realizó tratamiento combinado con un ciclo de albendazol previo a la intervención y exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión. En el postoperatorio se completaron dos ciclos más de tratamiento con albendazol en un intento de disminuir el riesgo de recurrencia de la enfermedad. El paciente se encuentra asintomático y no ha presentado ninguna complicación hasta la fecha.

To discover how patients in a provincial general hospital, diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis had first clinically and radiologically presented.This was a retrospective observational study. SITE. The San Jorge de Huesca General Hospital. The period of study was between January, 1986, and December, 1989.Those studied were the 59 patients diagnosed as having active pulmonary tuberculosis during the study period.The average age of the patients was 45.6 +/- 19.25 SD. There was greater occurrence in males. The most common form in which the disease first appeared was thoracic symptomatology (59%), followed by constitutional syndrome (45.7%). 8 patients were addicted to drugs taken parenterally (ADVP), of whom 4 were HIV-positive (6.8%). The most common radiological pattern was ulcero-caseous.We underline the importance of diagnostical awareness at the Primary Care level in order to rapidly begin the correct treatment; and thus fight the adverse epidemiological situation caused by tuberculosis today.